CN113079748A

CN113079748A - Chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and planting method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113079748A
Application number: CN202110355115.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吉同春
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-04-01
Filing date: 2021-04-01
Publication date: 2021-07-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-01
Also published as: CN113079748B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chrysanthemum planting, and discloses a chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and a chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching method, wherein the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device comprises a supporting plate, the back surface of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with two connecting rods, the tops of the connecting rods are fixedly connected with a control handle, a sliding groove is formed in the supporting plate, the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching method are high in space utilization rate, more three-dimensional space is utilized, the layer of flowers and fruits is larger, therefore, the chrysanthemum is obvious in high yield, good in ventilation property of branch and leaf regions, robust in branch and leaf growth, low in morbidity, good in water and fertilizer conservation property, the middle lower part of chrysanthemum plants can be subjected to root accumulation and soil cultivation twice, when water is deficient, water and fertilizer integrated facilities can be used for timely supplementing water, root rot is not easy to occur, the chrysanthemum root system is extremely developed, and plants with roots pulled out cannot occur during picking.

Description

Chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and planting method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chrysanthemum planting, in particular to an arc-shaped high-yield punching device for chrysanthemum and a planting method thereof.

Background

The chrysanthemum is perennial root herbaceous plant of Compositae and Chrysanthemum in plant taxonomy, and is divided into cultivation types of multiheaded chrysanthemum, Duben chrysanthemum, dahlia, cliff chrysanthemum, art chrysanthemum, and plait chrysanthemum according to cultivation forms; the chrysanthemum is three of ten major flowers in China, one of four men (plum-orchid-bamboo chrysanthemum) in the flower, and is also one of four cut flowers in the world, the chrysanthemum has the first yield, and the chrysanthemum has the famous sentence of 'picking chrysanthemum under east hedge and naturally seeing south mountain' because the chrysanthemum has the lattice of clearing cold and resisting snow, and Chinese people have custom of sun-yang festival ornamental chrysanthemum and chrysanthemum wine drinking. Tang. Meng Haoyuan 'Lai' Lai Shi Maotai (ancient times of the department of Others): "when the day of heavy yang comes, chrysanthemum comes. The meaning of luckiness and longevity is also given to chrysanthemum in ancient myth legend. The chrysanthemum is a rare ornamental flower which is artificially selected and cultivated for a long time, before and after the eight centuries of Gongyuan, the chrysanthemum as an ornamental chrysanthemum is transferred to Japan from China, a Netherlands buster in the end of 17 th century introduces the Chinese chrysanthemum into Europe, France is transferred in 18 th century, North America is introduced in the middle of 19 th century, and the Chinese chrysanthemum is spread all over the world.

At present, chrysanthemum planting is a traditional agricultural project, however, the defects of the existing conventional planting technology in many aspects are gradually shown, the space utilization rate is low, the ventilation property and the water and fertilizer retention property are poor, the soil humidity is not easy to control, the yield cannot be effectively improved, meanwhile, the existing punching device is fixed in structure, the hole clamping distance cannot be adjusted according to the planting requirement, the use is inconvenient, and therefore the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and the planting method are provided for solving the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching method, which have the advantages of high planting yield, punching distance adjustment and the like, solve the problems that the defects of the conventional planting technology in various aspects are overcome, the space utilization rate is low, the ventilation and air permeability and the water and fertilizer retention performance are poor, the soil dryness and humidity are not easy to control, the yield cannot be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the conventional punching device is fixed in structure, the hole clamping distance cannot be adjusted according to the planting requirement, and the use is inconvenient.

(II) technical scheme

In order to realize the purposes of high planting yield and adjustment of punching distance, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a high yield perforating device of chrysanthemum arc, includes the backup pad, the back fixedly connected with quantity of backup pad is two connecting rods, the top fixedly connected with control handle of connecting rod, the spout has been seted up to the inside of backup pad, the top and the bottom of backup pad are all seted up the groove that runs through that is located both sides about the spout, the inside movable mounting of spout has the slider, the bottom fixedly connected with of slider extends to the inserted bar of backup pad bottom, threaded hole is seted up at the top of slider, the internal thread of screw hole is connected with the rotary rod that extends to the backup pad top, the outside fixedly connected with of rotary rod is located the spacing piece at backup pad top, the bottom fixedly connected with suit of spacing piece is at the outside contact pad of rotary rod, the rotatory handle of top fixedly connected with.

Preferably, the two connecting rods are inclined toward opposite sides, and the length of the control handle is smaller than that of the support plate.

Preferably, the diameter of the inserted rod is smaller than the width of the through groove at the bottom, and the inserted rod extends to the bottom of the supporting plate through the through groove.

Preferably, the diameter of the rotating rod is smaller than the width of the through groove at the top, and the rotating rod extends to the top of the supporting plate through the through groove.

Preferably, the diameters of the limiting sheet and the contact pad are larger than the width of the through groove at the top, the contact pad is movably connected with the top of the supporting plate, and the contact pad is a rubber pad.

Preferably, the outer part of the rotating rod is provided with a thread groove matched with the thread hole, and the rotating rod is in threaded connection with the thread hole through the thread groove.

The invention provides a chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield planting method, which comprises the following steps:

1) propagation, namely, using plant division and plug propagation as columns, and cutting seedling can be used if necessary;

2) transplanting, land preparation, before chrysanthemum transplanting, plowing the land 20-25 cm, applying 2000-2500 kg of composted or rotten animal manure or 75 kg of cake fertilizer to each mu in combination with land preparation, adding 40 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (N-P2O 5-K2014-16-15) as base fertilizer, mixing 1500g of imidacloprid particles containing 2% (for killing underground pests), finely leveling the soil, performing ridging (due to extremely narrow land, appearing in a furrow-ridge arrangement state and having a small and high ridge in the middle of the land which is superposed) by a ridging and folding machine with unmanned equipment (equipment capable of controlling the machine to keep the straight-line walking state through satellite positioning), normally planting chrysanthemum in spring with the following surface size, determining the width of the land on both sides of the folding ridge according to the soil fertility, selecting small size and large size, deep planting, sufficient water infiltration and compact soil infiltration are mainly mastered, holes are punched along the left lower corner and the right lower corner of the ridge by a punching device, one seedling is planted in each hole deeply for 5-8 cm, and sufficient water infiltration and compact soil infiltration are carried out;

3) performing field management, intertillage weeding, transplanting chrysanthemum to survive, spraying stem leaves of 2-3 gramineous weeds by using 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil, and sealing by adding 72% metolachlor, combining weeding for hilling when newly-grown branches of chrysanthemum which are turned before transplanting grow to more than 15 cm, namely hilling part of soil on ridge piles to chrysanthemum, so that the branch points of the newly-grown branches of chrysanthemum are planted with soil of more than 5 cm, then heading is started, combining weeding for secondary hilling when the newly-grown branches grow to about 10 cm, and using unmanned machinery for hilling at this time, after hilling, soil moisture ditches are further deepened and widened, the ridge piles are also changed into a small shallow ditch between two rows of chrysanthemum, and the high small shallow ditch just meets the requirement of laying water and fertilizer integrated facility (drip irrigation), the chrysanthemum has good effects on water and fertilizer conservation, lodging resistance, root system enhancement and the like, and the workload of weeding is less; topdressing, namely chrysanthemum is favored to be fertilized, besides sufficient base fertilizer, multiple topdressing is carried out during the growth period, the first topdressing is carried out, 20 shares of diluted human and animal manure or 10 kilograms of urea is applied to each mu of chrysanthemum after the chrysanthemum is transplanted and before the first ridging, 30 shares of diluted human and animal manure or 40 kilograms of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (N-P2O 5-K2014-16-15) are applied to each mu of chrysanthemum before the second ridging, the ridging is carried out immediately after the fertilization, after the second ridging, water and fertilizer supporting facilities (drip irrigation) are laid in the middle of narrow rows, all the fertilizers are carried out by drip irrigation, the drip irrigation is carried out by taking a small number of times as a principle, the fertilizer utilization rate can be improved, the fertilizer damage can be avoided, the labor can be saved, adverse factors such as drought and the like can be overcome, the chrysanthemum buds begin to differentiate in the eighty months later, the important period of yield formation can be entered, and the chrysanthemum yield increase is particularly great effect is realized, it can also make the chrysanthemum always in the state of sufficient fertilizer before harvesting; heading and branching are carried out to fully utilize the principle of top end advantages of chrysanthemum and peanut growth, the heading is carried out for multiple branches, the more branches are, the higher the yield of buds and flowers is, the important link of arc planting is heading, the chrysanthemum is headed to generate axillary buds before transplantation, the newly grown axillary buds grow into new branches more than 15 centimeters after transplantation survives for 15 days, the heading is carried out for the first batch after the first cultivation, and the heading is carried out for three times; after a few days, the tender heads of the chrysanthemum grow for a few centimeters, and then the heads of the chrysanthemum close to the two sides of the dead furrow and slightly higher than the heads of the chrysanthemum in the last time are knocked off to form arc-shaped middle branches; after a few days, the heads of the chrysanthemum flowers at the tops grow high, the heads are knocked off to form upper branches of the arc-shaped chrysanthemum flowers, when new axillary buds of the arc-shaped upper branches grow to be more than 10 cm, the heads are knocked off from top to bottom for the second time, when the new axillary buds grow to be more than 10 cm after the heads are knocked off for the second time, the heads are knocked off for the third time after planting, after the heads are knocked off from top to bottom, the arc is basically formed, at the moment, if the density of tender heads in the arc is quite full, the chrysanthemum flowers need to grow vigorously in time, paclobutrazol or calcium cyclamate can be used for spraying, if the density of the tender heads is smaller, the chrysanthemum flowers need to be beaten again, and then the heading is finished when the chrysanthemum;

4) controlling plant diseases and insect pests, namely adopting a corresponding prevention and quality method aiming at chrysanthemum downy mildew, chrysanthemum brown spot, chrysanthemum virus diseases, chrysanthemum aphids, plant hoppers, thrips and other pests and chrysanthemum longicorn and other chewing pests;

5) the method comprises the following steps of performing secondary flowering on the Beijing chrysanthemum and the fragrant chrysanthemum, wherein the Beijing chrysanthemum and the fragrant chrysanthemum are early-maturing varieties, and performing secondary flowering in areas with late frost reduction, and the specific method comprises the steps of utilizing drip irrigation fertilization before and after chrysanthemum harvesting to keep the chrysanthemum in a sufficiently fertile state, immediately knocking off tips of the picked chrysanthemum after harvesting, usually 8-12 cm to enable the lower chrysanthemum branches to sprout axillary buds, enabling the axillary buds to gradually grow into new branches (at the moment, applying a nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer through drip irrigation, usually 30-40 kg per mu to keep the chrysanthemum in a sufficiently fertile state), enabling the new branches to bud and bloom again, enabling the tubular flowers (flower cores) of the opened chrysanthemum flowers to be few, enabling the tongue-shaped flowers (flower petals) to be more, enabling the second flowering to be usually about 40-50% of the first flowering yield, and increasing the planting benefit of the chrysanthemum.

Preferably, after the chrysanthemum is propagated to the bottom of 11 months and picked, chrysanthemum stems are cut on the flat ground, spring management is strengthened in the next year, when spring chrysanthemum is planted in the last ten days of May, the chrysanthemum seedlings are shoveled up with slight fibrous roots, thick and strong disease-free chrysanthemum seedlings are selected, tender heads are cut off, the chrysanthemum seedlings are planted according to the specified row spacing, soil is covered after planting, pressing and timely watering are carried out, the hole tray propagation can be directly purchased by seedling raising enterprises, the cutting seedling raising is clear until beginning of summer, the tender heads which are full, strong and disease-free are selected as cutting slips, usually the tender heads are kept 5-8 cm, lower leaves are picked, 3-4 top tender leaves are kept, then 50g of active root-promoting agent is used for every ten thousand plant cuttings, 50g of 50% of carbendazim liquid medicine is added for soaking, indoleacetic acid with the concentration of 1500 ppm is quickly dipped, the cutting is carried out along with the medicine dipping, the water source, the seedling bed is preferably selected to be close to the sandy loam soil or fertile soil which is good, during cuttage, high furrows with the width of about 170 cm are made, furrows with the depth of 6-8 cm are dug according to the row spacing of 8-10 cm, water is seeped along the furrows, cuttage is carried out according to the plant spacing of 2-3 cm, the depth is proper for 1/2-2/3 positions of cutting slips, seedlings are planted while hilling, compacting and watering are carried out, soil is kept moist for one week, roots are grown for about 20 days, water and fertilizer management is enhanced after the roots grow, and the seedlings are transplanted for 35-45 days.

Preferably, the control of chrysanthemum downy mildew comprises: (1) selecting a disease-resistant variety, (2) enhancing fertilizer and water management, preventing water accumulation and moisture retention, (3) dipping roots by using carbendazim or quintozene during transplanting, (4) finding out diseased plants in spring to be removed in time and intensively buried or burnt out, and (5) selecting 25% pyraclostrobin or 25% azoxystrobin to spray in the field on sunny days when the field humidity is high, preventing diseases, (6) starting spraying 72% propamocarb hydrochloride wettable powder, 58% methyloxanecid wettable powder, 40% dimethomorph wettable powder, or 86% copper hydroxide powder, or 100g/L cyazofamid suspending agent at the initial stage of disease occurrence, separating for 1 time about 10, preventing for 2-3 times altogether, alternately using the medicines, and stopping using the medicines 3 days before harvesting; and (3) prevention and treatment of brown spot of chrysanthemum: (1) thoroughly removing diseased leaves and withered plants, burning the plants intensively, (2) enhancing maintenance management, avoiding partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, reasonably applying fertilizer and close planting, paying attention to reducing soil humidity, and (3) spraying 10% of difenoconazole, or 430g/L of tebuconazole suspending agent, or 250g/L of propiconazole or a compound agent of more than one of the difenoconazole in the early stage of disease attack for prevention and treatment; and (3) prevention and treatment of chrysanthemum virus diseases: (1) strictly performing quarantine, preventing artificial propagation, (2) performing detoxification treatment, taking strips from disease-free plants as propagation materials, conditionally performing detoxification by stem tip tissue culture, treating potted chrysanthemum with toxicity at 36 ℃ for 21-28 days, performing detoxification, inactivating viruses in chrysanthemum subjected to heat treatment in production, and performing (3) medicament control, namely controlling virus-transmitting aphids, spraying 50% thiamethoxam suspending agent or 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules and pyrethroid, spraying 5% amino-oligosaccharin water agent or 20% moroxydine hydrochloride copper wettable powder and matched zinc fertilizer if necessary, separating 7-10 days for 1 time, continuously preventing 3 times, and stopping medication in 3 days before harvesting; and (3) prevention and treatment of pests such as chrysanthemum aphids, plant hoppers and thrips: (1) coating yellow sticky boards (for preventing and treating aphids, plant hoppers and the like) and blue sticky boards (for preventing and treating thrips) in the field, (2) spraying pesticide field sprays such as 50% of thiamethoxam suspending agent or 70% of imidacloprid water dispersible granules and pyrethroid or 10% of nitenpyram aqueous solution and 37% of buprofezin suspending agent; controlling chewing pests such as chrysanthemum longicorn: (1) 5% of emamectin benzoate aqueous solution, 3% of abamectin aqueous solution, 23% of indoxacarb suspending agent, 240g/L of chlorfenapyr suspending agent and the like or compound pesticide, field spraying, (2) 1.8% of abamectin, 50% of pyridaben suspending agent, 22.4% of spirotetramat suspending agent, 24% of bifenazate suspending agent, 34% of spirodiclofen suspending agent and the like or compound pesticide, field spraying.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and the planting method thereof, and the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device has the following beneficial effects:

1. the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and the planting method thereof have the advantages that the connecting rod and the control handle are arranged on the supporting plate, the connecting rod and the control handle are convenient to use and control the supporting plate, the sliding groove and the through groove are arranged on the supporting plate, the sliding block slides in the sliding groove, the inserting rod is arranged at the bottom of the sliding block, the sliding block can slide left and right in the supporting plate through the sliding groove, the distance between the inserting rods is controlled, the distance between planting holes is adjusted, the inserting rods are convenient to disassemble, replace and maintain, the rotating rod is convenient to rotate by the rotating handle through the threaded hole, the rotating rod, the limiting piece, the contact pad and the rotating handle, the rotating rod is convenient to rotate by the rotating handle, the rotating rod is lifted in the threaded hole, the limiting piece and the contact pad are driven to lift, and the inserting rod is, meanwhile, the contact pad is lifted to be released from the fixing for adjustment, and the effect of adjusting the distance between the jacks is achieved.

2. The chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and the planting method thereof have high space utilization rate, utilize more three-dimensional space, have larger flower and fruit layers, have obvious high yield, good ventilation property of branch and leaf regions, strong branch and leaf growth, low morbidity and good water and fertilizer retention property, have obvious high yield, can supplement water in time through a water and fertilizer integrated facility after twice root accumulation and soil cultivation of the middle and lower parts of chrysanthemum plants in water shortage, have good soil humidity control property, are close to a furrow in each row, can discharge rainwater in time, are not easy to have root rot phenomenon, have well developed chrysanthemum root systems, do not have plants with roots pulled out during picking, are arranged according to the requirement of mechanical operation, can perform mechanical operation on root accumulation, weeding and pesticide application, are completed through the water and fertilizer integrated facility, and the positions of the overlapped ridges are narrow lines, the positions of the dead furrows become wide rows, the dead furrows can also become a mechanical walking road except for drainage, favorable conditions are provided for the work of mechanical ridging, weeding, pesticide spraying, picking and the like, the conventional planting is equal-row transplanting, the row spacing is small, the mechanical operation cannot be carried out, the transplanting density of the method is higher than that of the conventional transplanting in the same period by 20 percent due to more utilized space, and meanwhile, the second flowering of the Beijing chrysanthemum and the fragrant chrysanthemum is usually about 40 to 50 percent of the first flowering yield, so that the planting benefit of the chrysanthemum can be increased, and the aim of high planting yield is fulfilled.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an arc-shaped high-yield perforating device for chrysanthemum according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield perforating device provided by the invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure A in FIG. 2 of the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield perforating device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an arc-shaped high-yield planting method for chrysanthemum provided by the invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a supporting plate 1, a connecting rod 2, a control handle 3, a sliding groove 4, a penetrating groove 5, a sliding block 6, an inserting rod 7, a threaded hole 8, a rotating rod 9, a limiting sheet 10, a contact pad 11 and a rotating handle 12.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, a chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device comprises a support plate 1, the back of the support plate 1 is fixedly connected with two connecting rods 2, the two connecting rods 2 incline towards opposite sides, the length of the control handle 3 is smaller than that of the support plate 1, the top of the connecting rod 2 is fixedly connected with the control handle 3, the support plate 1 is internally provided with a sliding groove 4, the top and the bottom of the support plate 1 are respectively provided with a through groove 5 positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the sliding groove 4, a sliding block 6 is movably arranged in the sliding groove 4, the bottom of the sliding block 6 is fixedly connected with an inserting rod 7 extending to the bottom of the support plate 1, the diameter of the inserting rod 7 is smaller than the width of the bottom through groove 5, the inserting rod 7 extends to the bottom of the support plate 1 through the through groove 5, the top of the sliding block 6 is provided with a threaded hole, the diameter of rotary rod 9 is less than the width that the top runs through groove 5, and rotary rod 9 extends to backup pad 1's top through running through groove 5, the thread groove with 8 looks adaptations of screw hole is seted up to rotary rod 9's outside, and rotary rod 9 passes through thread groove and 8 threaded connection of screw hole, the outside fixedly connected with of rotary rod 9 is located the spacing piece 10 at backup pad 1 top, the outside contact pad 11 of suit at rotary rod 9 of bottom fixedly connected with suit of spacing piece 10, spacing piece 10 is greater than the width that the top runs through groove 5 with the diameter of contact pad 11, contact pad 11 and backup pad 1's top swing joint, contact pad 11 is the rubber pad, rotary handle 12 is rotated to rotary rod 9's top fixedly connected with.

An arc-shaped high-yield planting method for chrysanthemum comprises the following steps:

1) propagation, using separate plant and plug propagation as columns, if necessary, cutting seedling, using separate plant propagation to 11 months bottom chrysanthemum, picking up chrysanthemum, cutting off chrysanthemum stem on the flat ground, reinforced management in the spring of the next year, when cultivating spring chrysanthemum in the first ten days of May, scooping up chrysanthemum seedling with slight fibrous root, selecting strong and disease-free chrysanthemum seedling, cutting off tender head, planting according to the specified plant row spacing, covering soil after cultivation, compacting and watering in time, the plug propagation can be purchased directly to seedling enterprises, cutting seedling culture is clear to stand summer, selecting solid, strong and disease-free tender head as cutting strip, usually keeping tender head 5-8 cm, picking off lower leaf, retaining 3-4 top tender leaf, then soaking every ten thousand cutting ears with 50g active root-promoting agent, adding 50g 50% multi-fungus medical liquid, quickly dipping with indoleacetic acid of 1500-3000 ppm, and selecting high sandy soil or fertile soil close to water source, land and fertile vegetable land as cutting bed as well as cutting garden, during cuttage, high furrows with the width of about 170 cm are made, furrows with the depth of 6-8 cm are dug according to the row spacing of 8-10 cm, water is seeped along the furrows, cuttage is carried out according to the plant spacing of 2-3 cm, the depth is proper from 1/2 to 2/3 positions of cutting slips, seedlings are planted while soil is heaped, compacted and watered, soil is kept moist for one week, roots are grown for about 20 days, water and fertilizer management is enhanced after the roots grow, and the seedlings are transplanted for 35-45 days;

2) transplanting, land preparation, before chrysanthemum transplanting, plowing the land 20-25 cm, applying 2000-2500 kg of composted or rotten animal manure or 75 kg of cake fertilizer to each mu in combination with land preparation, adding 40 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (N-P2O 5-K2014-16-15) as base fertilizer, mixing 1500g of imidacloprid particles containing 2% (for killing underground pests), finely leveling the soil, performing ridging (due to extremely narrow land, appearing in a furrow-ridge arrangement state and having a small and high ridge in the middle of the land which is superposed) by a ridging and folding machine with unmanned equipment (equipment capable of controlling the machine to keep the straight-line walking state through satellite positioning), normally planting chrysanthemum in spring with the following surface size, determining the width of the land on both sides of the folding ridge according to the soil fertility, selecting small size and large size, planting seedlings mainly comprises deep planting seedlings, sufficient water and compact soil which are caused to flow, drilling holes along the left lower corner and the right lower corner of a ridge by using a drilling device, planting one seedling in each hole, deeply planting the seedlings by 5-8 cm, and allowing sufficient water and compact soil to flow, wherein the surface size of chrysanthemum planted in spring is proper under the normal condition, the width of the plates on two sides of the ridge can be determined according to the soil fertility, the small size can be selected according to the fertility difference, and the large size can be selected when the fertility is large;

4) and (3) pest control, namely, corresponding prevention and quality methods are adopted for pests such as chrysanthemum downy mildew, chrysanthemum brown spot, chrysanthemum virus diseases, chrysanthemum aphids, plant hoppers, thrips and the like and chewing pests such as chrysanthemum longicorn and the like, and the control of the chrysanthemum downy mildew is as follows: (1) selecting a disease-resistant variety, (2) enhancing fertilizer and water management, preventing water accumulation and moisture retention, (3) dipping roots by using carbendazim or quintozene during transplanting, (4) finding out diseased plants in spring to be removed in time and intensively buried or burnt out, and (5) selecting 25% pyraclostrobin or 25% azoxystrobin to spray in the field on sunny days when the field humidity is high, preventing diseases, (6) starting spraying 72% propamocarb hydrochloride wettable powder, 58% methyloxanecid wettable powder, 40% dimethomorph wettable powder, or 86% copper hydroxide powder, or 100g/L cyazofamid suspending agent at the initial stage of disease occurrence, separating for 1 time about 10, preventing for 2-3 times altogether, alternately using the medicines, and stopping using the medicines 3 days before harvesting; and (3) prevention and treatment of brown spot of chrysanthemum: (1) thoroughly removing diseased leaves and withered plants, burning the plants intensively, (2) enhancing maintenance management, avoiding partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, reasonably applying fertilizer and close planting, paying attention to reducing soil humidity, and (3) spraying 10% of difenoconazole, or 430g/L of tebuconazole suspending agent, or 250g/L of propiconazole or a compound agent of more than one of the difenoconazole in the early stage of disease attack for prevention and treatment; and (3) prevention and treatment of chrysanthemum virus diseases: (1) strictly performing quarantine, preventing artificial propagation, (2) performing detoxification treatment, taking strips from disease-free plants as propagation materials, conditionally performing detoxification by stem tip tissue culture, treating potted chrysanthemum with toxicity at 36 ℃ for 21-28 days, performing detoxification, inactivating viruses in chrysanthemum subjected to heat treatment in production, and performing (3) medicament control, namely controlling virus-transmitting aphids, spraying 50% thiamethoxam suspending agent or 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules and pyrethroid, spraying 5% amino-oligosaccharin water agent or 20% moroxydine hydrochloride copper wettable powder and matched zinc fertilizer if necessary, separating 7-10 days for 1 time, continuously preventing 3 times, and stopping medication in 3 days before harvesting; and (3) prevention and treatment of pests such as chrysanthemum aphids, plant hoppers and thrips: (1) coating yellow sticky boards (for preventing and treating aphids, plant hoppers and the like) and blue sticky boards (for preventing and treating thrips) in the field, (2) spraying pesticide field sprays such as 50% of thiamethoxam suspending agent or 70% of imidacloprid water dispersible granules and pyrethroid or 10% of nitenpyram aqueous solution and 37% of buprofezin suspending agent; controlling chewing pests such as chrysanthemum longicorn: (1) 5% of emamectin benzoate aqueous solution, 3% of abamectin aqueous solution, 23% of indoxacarb suspending agent, 240g/L of chlorfenapyr suspending agent and the like or compound pesticide, field spraying, (2) 1.8% of abamectin, 50% of pyridaben suspending agent, 22.4% of spirotetramat suspending agent, 24% of bifenazate suspending agent, 34% of spirodiclofen suspending agent and the like or compound pesticide, field spraying;

Harvesting and yield, the flower buds are harvested as chrysanthemum buds, and the flowers are harvested as big flowers.

A field output scale with good growth vigor.

The yield is the fresh yield (unit: kilogram)

In summary, the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and the planting method thereof have the advantages that the connecting rod 2 and the control handle 3 are arranged on the supporting plate 1, the connecting rod 2 and the control handle 3 are convenient to use and control the supporting plate 1, the sliding groove 4 and the through groove 5 are arranged on the supporting plate 1, the sliding block 6 slides in the sliding groove 4, the inserting rod 7 is arranged at the bottom of the sliding block 6, the sliding block 6 slides left and right in the supporting plate 1 through the sliding groove 4, so that the distance between the inserting rods 7 is controlled, the distance between planting holes is adjusted, the inserting rod 7 is convenient to disassemble, replace and maintain, the threaded hole 8, the rotating rod 9, the limiting piece 10, the contact pad 11 and the rotating handle 12 are arranged on the sliding block 6, the rotating rod 9 is convenient to rotate through the rotating handle 12, so that the rotating rod can ascend and descend in the threaded hole 8, and drive the limiting piece 10, furthermore, the contact between the contact mat 11 and the supporting plate 1 is utilized to fix the inserted rod 7, and the contact mat 11 is lifted to release the fixation for adjustment, so that the effect of adjusting the distance between the jacks is achieved, the space utilization rate is high, more three-dimensional space is utilized, the flower and fruit layer is larger, therefore, the high yield is obvious, the ventilation and air permeability is good, the ventilation and air permeability of the branch and leaf area is good, the branch and leaf growth is strong, the morbidity is low, the water and fertilizer conservation performance is good, the middle lower part of the chrysanthemum plant is subjected to root hilling twice, when the water is deficient, the water and fertilizer integrated facility is used, the moisture can be supplemented in time, the soil dryness and humidity control performance is good, each row is close to a furrow, rainwater can be discharged in time, the root rot phenomenon is not easy to occur, the chrysanthemum root system is well developed, plants with root pulling cannot occur during picking, the, the machine can perform mechanical operation on the hilled roots, the weeding and the pesticide spraying, the fertilizer application is completed through a water and fertilizer integrated facility, the position of the ridge is a narrow row, the position of the furrow is a wide row, the furrow can be used as a mechanical walking path except for drainage, and favorable conditions are provided for the mechanical work of hilling, weeding, pesticide spraying, picking and the like, the conventional planting is equal-row transplanting, the row spacing is smaller, the mechanical operation cannot be performed, the transplanting density of the method is higher than that of the conventional transplanting in the same period by 20 percent due to more utilized space, meanwhile, the second flowering of the Beijing chrysanthemum and the fragrant chrysanthemum is about 40 to 50 percent of the first flowering yield, the planting benefit of the chrysanthemum can be increased, the purpose of high planting yield is achieved, the defects of the conventional planting technology in various aspects are overcome, the ever-developed defects and the space utilization rate is low, ventilation permeability and moisture-retaining fertilizer conservation nature are relatively poor, and soil humidity is difficult to control, leads to its output to be unable to obtain effectual improvement, and current perforating device fixed structure can't adjust its card hole interval according to planting requirement simultaneously, uses comparatively inconvenient problem.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high yield perforating device of chrysanthemum arc, includes backup pad (1), its characterized in that: the back of the supporting plate (1) is fixedly connected with two connecting rods (2), the top of each connecting rod (2) is fixedly connected with a control handle (3), a sliding groove (4) is formed in the supporting plate (1), penetrating grooves (5) which are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the sliding groove (4) are formed in the top and the bottom of the supporting plate (1), a sliding block (6) is movably arranged in the sliding groove (4), an inserting rod (7) which extends to the bottom of the supporting plate (1) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the sliding block (6), a threaded hole (8) is formed in the top of the sliding block (6), a rotating rod (9) which extends to the top of the supporting plate (1) is connected with the internal thread of the threaded hole (8), a limiting piece (10) which is positioned at the top of the supporting plate (1) is fixedly connected with the outer part of the rotating rod (9), and a contact pad (11) which is, the top of the rotating rod (9) is fixedly connected with a rotating handle (12).

2. The chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two connecting rods (2) incline towards the opposite side, and the length of the control handle (3) is smaller than that of the support plate (1).

3. The chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the inserted rod (7) is smaller than the width of the through groove (5) at the bottom, and the inserted rod (7) extends to the bottom of the support plate (1) through the through groove (5).

4. The chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the rotating rod (9) is smaller than the width of the penetrating groove (5) at the top, and the rotating rod (9) extends to the top of the supporting plate (1) through the penetrating groove (5).

5. The chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameters of the limiting sheet (10) and the contact pad (11) are larger than the width of the through groove (5) at the top, the contact pad (11) is movably connected with the top of the support plate (1), and the contact pad (11) is a rubber pad.

6. The chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outside of rotary rod (9) is seted up with screw thread groove of screw hole (8) looks adaptation, and rotary rod (9) pass through screw thread groove and screw hole (8) threaded connection.

7. The arc-shaped high-yield planting method for the chrysanthemum is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

8. The chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and the planting method thereof according to claim 7, wherein the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device is characterized in that: after the chrysanthemum is propagated to the bottom of 11 months and picked, chrysanthemum stems are cut off on the flat ground, spring management is strengthened in the next year, when spring chrysanthemum is planted in the first ten days of May, chrysanthemum seedlings are shoveled up with a little fibrous roots, thick and strong disease-free chrysanthemum seedlings are selected, tender heads are cut off, the chrysanthemum seedlings are planted according to the specified row spacing, soil is covered after planting, pressing and timely watering are carried out, the hole tray propagation can be directly purchased by seedling raising enterprises, the cutting seedling raising is clear to stand summer, the tender heads which are full, strong and disease-free are selected as cutting slips, generally the tender heads are kept at 5-8 cm, lower leaves are picked, 3-4 top tender leaves are reserved, then 50g of active root-promoting agent is used for every ten thousand of cutting slips, 50g of 50% of carbendazim liquid medicine is added for soaking, indoleacetic acid with 1500-3000 ppm is quickly dipped, along with medicine dipping, along with cutting, along with the cutting, a seedling bed, sand soil or vegetable garden near the water source, the high vigor and soil and the soil fertility soil is good, and the cutting field is made into a cutting border with the width of about, ditching for 6-8 cm according to the row spacing of 8-10 cm, watering along the ditches, cutting according to the plant spacing of 2-3 cm, wherein the depth is preferably 1/2-2/3 of cutting slips, cutting seedlings while hilling, compacting and watering, keeping the soil moist for one week, rooting for about 20 days, enhancing water and fertilizer management after rooting, and transplanting after 35-45 days of seedling age.

9. The chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device and the planting method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the chrysanthemum arc-shaped high-yield punching device is characterized in that: the control of the chrysanthemum downy mildew comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a disease-resistant variety, (2) enhancing fertilizer and water management, preventing water accumulation and moisture retention, (3) dipping roots by using carbendazim or quintozene during transplanting, (4) finding out diseased plants in spring to be removed in time and intensively buried or burnt out, and (5) selecting 25% pyraclostrobin or 25% azoxystrobin to spray in the field on sunny days when the field humidity is high, preventing diseases, (6) starting spraying 72% propamocarb hydrochloride wettable powder, 58% methyloxanecid wettable powder, 40% dimethomorph wettable powder, or 86% copper hydroxide powder, or 100g/L cyazofamid suspending agent at the initial stage of disease occurrence, separating for 1 time about 10, preventing for 2-3 times altogether, alternately using the medicines, and stopping using the medicines 3 days before harvesting; and (3) prevention and treatment of brown spot of chrysanthemum: (1) thoroughly removing diseased leaves and withered plants, burning the plants intensively, (2) enhancing maintenance management, avoiding partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, reasonably applying fertilizer and close planting, paying attention to reducing soil humidity, and (3) spraying 10% of difenoconazole, or 430g/L of tebuconazole suspending agent, or 250g/L of propiconazole or a compound agent of more than one of the difenoconazole in the early stage of disease attack for prevention and treatment; and (3) prevention and treatment of chrysanthemum virus diseases: (1) strictly performing quarantine, preventing artificial propagation, (2) performing detoxification treatment, taking strips from disease-free plants as propagation materials, conditionally performing detoxification by stem tip tissue culture, treating potted chrysanthemum with toxicity at 36 ℃ for 21-28 days, performing detoxification, inactivating viruses in chrysanthemum subjected to heat treatment in production, and performing (3) medicament control, namely controlling virus-transmitting aphids, spraying 50% thiamethoxam suspending agent or 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules and pyrethroid, spraying 5% amino-oligosaccharin water agent or 20% moroxydine hydrochloride copper wettable powder and matched zinc fertilizer if necessary, separating 7-10 days for 1 time, continuously preventing 3 times, and stopping medication in 3 days before harvesting; and (3) prevention and treatment of pests such as chrysanthemum aphids, plant hoppers and thrips: (1) coating yellow sticky boards (for preventing and treating aphids, plant hoppers and the like) and blue sticky boards (for preventing and treating thrips) in the field, (2) spraying pesticide field sprays such as 50% of thiamethoxam suspending agent or 70% of imidacloprid water dispersible granules and pyrethroid or 10% of nitenpyram aqueous solution and 37% of buprofezin suspending agent; controlling chewing pests such as chrysanthemum longicorn: (1) 5% of emamectin benzoate aqueous solution, 3% of abamectin aqueous solution, 23% of indoxacarb suspending agent, 240g/L of chlorfenapyr suspending agent and the like or compound pesticide, field spraying, (2) 1.8% of abamectin, 50% of pyridaben suspending agent, 22.4% of spirotetramat suspending agent, 24% of bifenazate suspending agent, 34% of spirodiclofen suspending agent and the like or compound pesticide, field spraying.