CN112997872A - Multifunctional indoor plant planting system - Google Patents

Multifunctional indoor plant planting system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112997872A
CN112997872A CN202110216981.3A CN202110216981A CN112997872A CN 112997872 A CN112997872 A CN 112997872A CN 202110216981 A CN202110216981 A CN 202110216981A CN 112997872 A CN112997872 A CN 112997872A
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China
Prior art keywords
unit
planting
irrigation
nutrient solution
indoor plant
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CN202110216981.3A
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CN112997872B (en
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吴海燕
吕海荣
宋一鹏
陈若
张宏
周华方
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Aisheng Biotechnology Shanghai Co ltd
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Aisheng Biotechnology Shanghai Co ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/076715 priority patent/WO2022179436A1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02Special apparatus therefor
    • A01G31/06Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02Special apparatus therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional indoor plant planting system which comprises a supporting frame, a planting unit, an illuminating unit, an irrigation and fertilization unit, a nutrient solution blending unit, a control unit and a ventilation unit, wherein the planting unit, the illuminating unit, the irrigation and fertilization unit, the nutrient solution blending unit and the ventilation unit are all arranged on the supporting frame; the irrigation and fertilization unit is connected with the planting unit, and the illumination unit, the irrigation and fertilization unit, the nutrient solution allocation unit and the ventilation unit are respectively connected with the control unit through signals.

Description

Multifunctional indoor plant planting system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant planting equipment, in particular to a multifunctional indoor plant planting system.
Background
Indoor agriculture is an agricultural revolution which is started in recent years and combines high-tech technology and modern planting methods into a whole, and is also the highest stage for improving planting efficiency and agricultural development. Agriculture has progressed from previous field planting, to greenhouses, and greenhouses, to plant factory (indoor) planting. Each development stage improves the planting efficiency by several times to hundreds of times. And the indoor planting does not need a large amount of land, but develops towards space, and can solve the problems of land reduction and food shortage. In addition, indoor agriculture is planted in a closed environment, so that the influence of plant diseases and insect pests is avoided, pesticides are not needed, and heavy metal pollution is avoided, so that the purity of vegetables can be guaranteed, and the safety problem of food can be solved. With the development of science and technology, the LED technology and the cost have great breakthrough, the requirement of indoor planting on light is met, and the indoor planting is developed vigorously. Indoor planting, in addition to artificial light sources, planting equipment including irrigation and fertilization is also very important.
At present, indoor planting equipment is designed with different types of equipment aiming at different planting methods, the equipment which is widely applied comprises two types of water planting and fog planting, and different irrigation modes have respective advantages for planting different plants. However, for the development and optimization of planting conditions and research, different planting or irrigation methods should be compared to determine the optimal conditions or cultivation methods. However, the current market is equipment with a single irrigation mode, but the research on the planting method often needs equipment with multiple irrigation modes, and the equipment is often difficult to control and compare under the same condition.
In order to improve planting efficiency, soilless culture has been increasingly used in addition to land planting. One of soilless culture methods of water culture and other modern culture methods is generally adopted for indoor planting. However, since one cultivation system or apparatus can provide only one cultivation method, it is difficult to select a cultivation method according to the demand of plants for an optimal cultivation method. Particularly, for the development of indoor planting methods and the comparison of planting efficiency, several different types of planting equipment need to be purchased for comparison, which greatly increases the research and development cost and brings inconvenience to research and development.
Patent document CN 110521450A discloses an agricultural cucumber planting irrigation frame, including the chassis, the installation axle is installed in the chassis inboard, the chassis is provided with two, two the chassis is installed support frame one and support frame two respectively through rotating the installation axle, support frame one and support frame two tops all are provided with top location irrigation cover, top location irrigation cover top is provided with two claw mounts and three-jaw mount respectively, the inside irrigation pipe that is provided with of top location irrigation cover, the top location irrigation cover outside is provided with the irrigation spout, support frame one and support frame two mid-mounting have the middle part connecting rod, middle part connecting rod externally mounted has the cucumber rack, but this project organization is simple, can not satisfy the demand that diversified was planted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multifunctional indoor plant growing system.
The invention provides a multifunctional indoor plant planting system which comprises a supporting frame, a planting unit, an illuminating unit, an irrigation and fertilization unit, a nutrient solution blending unit, a control unit and a ventilation unit, wherein the supporting frame is used for supporting the planting unit;
the planting unit, the lighting unit, the fertigation unit, the nutrient solution preparation unit and the ventilation unit are all arranged on the support frame;
the fertigation unit is connected the planting unit, illumination unit, fertigation unit, nutrient solution allotment unit, ventilation unit respectively with the control unit signal connection.
Preferably, the control unit can control the lighting unit to present different lighting spectrums, lighting intensities and lighting times according to preset lighting modes.
Preferably, the fertigation unit can adopt any one irrigation mode of water culture, fog culture, tidal culture, top sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation.
Preferably, the planting unit comprises a storage tank and a planting panel;
the storage tank is provided with a planting panel.
Preferably, the planting unit is mounted on the supporting frame through a supporting plug;
one or more planting holes are formed in the planting panel;
the size and shape of the planting hole can be set according to the type of the planted plant.
Preferably, the fertigation unit comprises a mother tank, an irrigation pump and an irrigation pipeline;
the mother groove is connected with a storage tank of the planting unit through an irrigation pipeline, and the irrigation pump is installed on the irrigation pipeline and is in signal connection with the control unit.
Preferably, the nutrient solution preparing unit comprises a peristaltic pump, a nutrient solution bottle, an electromagnetic valve and a nutrient solution pipeline;
one end of the nutrient solution pipeline is connected with the female groove of the irrigation and fertilization unit, the other end of the nutrient solution pipeline is connected with the nutrient solution bottle, and the peristaltic pump and the electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on the nutrient solution pipeline.
Preferably, a nutrient solution sensor is arranged in the mother tank, and the nutrient solution sensor, the peristaltic pump and the electromagnetic valve are respectively in signal connection with the control unit.
Preferably, the water culture, the fog culture, the tide culture, the top sprinkling irrigation or the drip irrigation respectively have respective nutrient solution delivery structures, and the nutrient solution delivery structures are connected with irrigation pipelines of the fertigation unit.
Preferably, the intelligent terminal is further included and is in communication connection with the control unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention designs the multifunctional planting equipment which can realize integration of multiple irrigation methods, and provides a powerful tool for development and research of planting methods.
2. The irrigation mode of the invention can adopt modern irrigation and fertilization technologies such as water culture, fog culture, tide culture and the like. The planting irrigation method can be selected at will and different planting irrigation methods can be used in a cross mode during planting, or different irrigation methods in different stages are selected, or multiple irrigation methods are used simultaneously according to requirements and comprise foliar fertilization and root fertilization, so that the planting efficiency is greatly improved, and the simultaneous planting of multiple plants can be met.
3. The invention can select different support frame design structures according to different plant planting areas, quantities and plant attributes, and respectively designs the support frames from different aspects such as layer number, height and the like, thereby greatly optimizing the utilization of planting space and improving the planting efficiency.
4. The invention realizes automatic and programmed planting modes through the adjustment of the control unit or the adopted software program, selects the matched planting program according to different plant species to further control the automatic action of the pump and the valve, and realizes the high-efficiency and scientific planting requirement.
5. The invention can also monitor and detect the field planting in multiple directions by adding various sensors and monitoring equipment, is beneficial to the development of large-scale planting, realizes modern planting and reduces the planting cost.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a planting unit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a planting panel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a top-spray or drip irrigation configuration;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hydroponic culture structure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of aeroponic culture;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a tidal culture configuration;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a nutrient solution blending unit;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural plan view of the nutrient solution preparation unit.
The figures show that:
support 1 water spray nozzle 13
Planting unit 2 mother groove 14
Storage tank 3 irrigation pump 16
Illumination unit 4 irrigation pipe 17
Peristaltic pump 18 of fertigation unit 5
Nutrient solution blending unit 6 nutrient solution bottle 19
Control unit 7 nutrient solution line 20
Ventilation unit 8 hydroponics 21
Supporting plug 9 aeroponic culture 22
Planting panel 10 tidal culture 23
The top of the planting hole 11 is spray-irrigated or drip-irrigated 24
Nutrient solution sensor 25 of water supply pipe 12
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a multifunctional indoor plant planting system which comprises a support frame 1, a planting unit 2, an illuminating unit 4, an irrigation and fertilization unit 5, a nutrient solution blending unit 6, a control unit 7 and a ventilation unit 8, wherein the planting unit 2, the illuminating unit 4, the irrigation and fertilization unit 5, the nutrient solution blending unit 6 and the ventilation unit 8 are all arranged on the support frame 1, and the illuminating unit 4, the irrigation and fertilization unit 5, the nutrient solution blending unit 6 and the ventilation unit 8 are respectively in signal connection with the control unit 7. The planting units 2 comprise planting panels 10 and storage tanks 3, each support frame 1 can be provided with one layer or a plurality of layers to form a vertical multi-layer planting system, one or a plurality of planting units 2 are placed on each layer of the support frame 1, the number of the planting layers can be designed according to needs and convenience in planting and harvesting, and is preferably 4-6. The planting system is in a modular design, and the planting layer can be adjusted, increased or decreased according to the height of the plants. Each planting unit 2 is supplied with nutrient solution through an irrigation pipe 17, and the two ends of the irrigation pipe 17 are preferably respectively connected with the storage tank 3 and the mother tank 14.
Furthermore, the support frame 1 in the invention adopts a module design, and the plant planting system can be overlapped and expanded according to the actual planting requirement. Generally, the multi-layer cultivation method is designed into a plurality of layers according to the convenience degree of planting and harvesting. Nine or 16 vegetables can be planted on each layer. The distance or height between layers can be determined according to the height of the planted plants. The lighting units 4 dedicated for planting are installed at each layer, wherein the lighting units 4 preferably adopt LED lighting lamps, and the plant lighting lamps can adjust the illumination according to the needs of plants, in a preferred embodiment, the control unit 7 can control the lighting units 4 to present different lighting spectrums, lighting intensities and lighting times according to preset lighting modes, such as controlling the on/off of lamps and the lighting time or simulating day and night; the invention can meet the growth requirements of different plants by controlling different illumination spectrums, illumination intensities and illumination time, and provides different illumination requirements for the growth of different plants.
Specifically, the planting unit 2 comprises a storage tank 3 and a planting panel 10, the planting unit 2 is preferably installed on the support frame 1, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a planting panel 10 is installed on the storage tank 3, when plants are planted, the planting panel 10 is fixed on the planting panel 10, one or more planting holes 11 are formed in the planting panel 10, roots extend into the storage tank 3 through the planting holes 11 in the planting panel 10, in the planting system of the present invention, since the plants are supported by the planting panel 10 without using soil, the planting panel 10 is designed with planting holes 11 of different densities according to the size of the planted plants for placing the plants and planting baskets, since the growth of the plants requires a certain space for the roots of the plants to be stored, extended and used, and at the same time, extra water and nutrient solution need to be stored and collected, the present invention designs a storage tank 3 below the planting panel 10, the storage tank 3 is preferably connected to an irrigation pipe 17 for water and nutrient solution discharge and recycling.
Further, support cave dish 9 preferably through the screw mounting on support frame 1, in a variation, the screw can be omitted, support cave dish 9 rely on gravity to install on support frame 1, storage tank 3 is installed support cave dish 9 is last, supports cave dish 9 and provides the space of placing that matches for storage tank 3's installation, can make things convenient for operating personnel to get and put storage tank 3, improves the operating efficiency.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 10, the fertigation unit 5 includes a mother tank 14, an irrigation pump 16 and an irrigation pipeline 17, the mother tank 14 is connected to the storage tank 3 of the planting unit 2 through the irrigation pipeline 17, the irrigation pump 16 is mounted on the irrigation pipeline 17 and is in signal connection with the control unit 7, and the irrigation pump 16 realizes the delivery of the nutrient solution under the control of the control unit 7.
Specifically, the fertigation unit 5 can select any one or more of water culture 21, fog culture 22, tide culture 23, top sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation 24 according to the type of the plant, and the practicability of the invention is improved by adopting one or integrating multiple irrigation modes. In a preferred embodiment, the water culture 21, the fog culture 22, the tidal culture 23, and the top spray irrigation or drip irrigation 24 respectively have respective nutrient delivery structures and the nutrient delivery structures are connected with the irrigation pipeline 17, the nutrient delivery structures are detachably connected with the irrigation pipeline 17, and in particular, the respective nutrient delivery structures are only required to be connected with the planting units 2.
Further, the hydroponics 21 is to fill the storage tank 3 of the plant roots with water and nutrient solution, and as shown in fig. 6, the plant roots are brought into contact with the water and nutrient solution to absorb the water and nutrient solution to maintain the growth of the plants. The aeroponics 22 is a process of atomizing water and nutrient solution into very small particles or mist by means of a high pressure water pump and nozzles, as shown in fig. 7, and then spraying it onto the roots of the plants to allow the plants to absorb water and nutrients to supply the plants for growth. As shown in FIG. 8, the tidal culture 23 is to make the roots of plants soaked in water to absorb water and nutrients by flowing water and nutrient solution into the storage tank 3, then to discharge the water through the pipeline, and to repeat the water intake and discharge, so that the roots of plants are soaked in water intermittently to avoid root rot. The top irrigation or drip irrigation 24 is realized by a top irrigation system provided in the fertigation unit 5, wherein the top irrigation system comprises a water supply pipe 12 connected to a high pressure water pump and a water spray 13, and the water spray 13 divides water and nutrient solution into small water drops or water particles to be uniformly sprayed on the plants as shown in fig. 5. The top sprinkling irrigation system can regularly and quantitatively spray water and fertilize according to the requirements of plants, and can also supply water and fertilize according to the requirements of the plants through a preset program in the control unit 7. The top sprinkler irrigation system is designed according to the planting area and the height of the plants, and requires that water and nutrient solution are uniformly sprayed on each plant. The top sprinkler system can spray water and nutrient solution onto the foliage of the plants and onto the roots of the plants for absorption by the plants. The excess water finally flows into the mother tank 14 and is pumped to the plants again for reuse.
Specifically, the prepared nutrient solution is stored in the mother tank 14, and since a part of the nutrient solution and water are absorbed by the plants after the nutrient solution in the mother tank 14 is irrigated and the proportion of nutrient components absorbed by the plants is different, the concentration and the pH value of the nutrient solution will be changed, and the nutrient solution and the pH value need to be continuously supplemented and adjusted to maintain the concentration and the proper pH value of the nutrient solution. The operation of adjusting the nutrient solution is realized by a nutrient solution blending unit 6, the nutrient solution blending unit 6 comprises a peristaltic pump 18, a nutrient solution bottle 19, an electromagnetic valve and a nutrient solution pipeline 20, as shown in fig. 9, one end of the nutrient solution pipeline 20 is connected with a mother tank 14 of the irrigation and fertilization unit 5, the other end of the nutrient solution pipeline 20 is connected with the nutrient solution bottle 19, the peristaltic pump 18 and the electromagnetic valve are sequentially installed on the nutrient solution pipeline 20, and the peristaltic pump and the electromagnetic valve are respectively in signal connection with the control unit 7.
The peristaltic pump 18 provides power for liquid flowing, the peristaltic pump 18 is used for throwing nutrient solution into the nutrient solution mother tank 14, and the solenoid valve is used for controlling the on-off of the pipeline so as to realize the flowing of fluid.
Further, be provided with nutrient solution sensor 25 in the mother groove 14, nutrient solution sensor 25, peristaltic pump 18, solenoid valve respectively with control unit 7 signal connection, the detection result of nutrient solution concentration or PH value concentration in mother groove 14 that nutrient solution sensor 25 will detect is transmitted control unit 7, control unit 7 can be according to the concentration and the PH value information control of the nutrient solution that obtain nutrient solution blending unit 6 adjusts irrigation nutrient solution concentration and pH value. The control unit 7 sends out commands of opening and closing the electromagnetic valve and opening and closing time, so as to adjust the concentration and pH value of the nutrient solution in the mother tank. The whole control system is in wireless communication with a personal computer or a smart phone, so that the planting system can be controlled by the mobile phone and the computer. The planting process can also be programmed into the system, and the planting can be carried out according to the program.
The control unit 7 of the present invention can control the peristaltic pump 18 to extract nutrient solution or extract high/low pH mother solution from the nutrient solution bottle 19 according to a preset program in combination with the obtained detection result and deliver the nutrient solution to the mother tank 14 through the nutrient solution pipeline 20 to adjust the concentration and pH value of the irrigation nutrient solution, thereby realizing automatic blending of the nutrient solution.
It should be noted that, the present invention can be configured with a plurality of nutrient solution bottles 19 for respectively containing nutrient solution and pH high/low mother solution and matching with one peristaltic pump 14, and the extraction is respectively selected by setting a tee on the pipeline, or can be configured with a container for containing pH high/low mother solution and matching with the peristaltic pump 14, specifically according to the actual application scenario.
The invention solves the defect that the planting system in the prior art only has one irrigation mode, can realize the planting requirements of various plants and different plants in different planting stages, for example, the spraying irrigation is better in the seedling stage, the water culture or fog culture is more suitable after the transplanting, and the irrigation optimization and comparison for different plants are also easy to be carried out under the same condition. The invention integrates multiple irrigation modes, provides a powerful tool for researching and optimizing irrigation, and simultaneously provides multiple irrigation choices for plant planting, thus having strong practicability.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. A multifunctional indoor plant planting system is characterized by comprising a support frame (1), a planting unit (2), a lighting unit (4), an irrigation and fertilization unit (5), a nutrient solution blending unit (6), a control unit (7) and a ventilation unit (8);
the planting unit (2), the lighting unit (4), the fertigation unit (5), the nutrient solution blending unit (6) and the ventilation unit (8) are all arranged on the support frame (1);
the irrigation and fertilization unit (5) is connected with the planting unit (2), and the illumination unit (4), the irrigation and fertilization unit (5), the nutrient solution allocation unit (6) and the ventilation unit (8) are respectively in signal connection with the control unit (7).
2. A multifunctional indoor plant growing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit (7) is capable of controlling the lighting unit (4) to present different lighting spectra, lighting intensities and lighting times according to preset lighting patterns.
3. A multi-functional indoor plant growing system according to claim 1, wherein the fertigation unit (5) is capable of irrigation with any of hydroponic (21), aeroponic (22), tidal (23), top spray or drip irrigation (24).
4. A multi-functional indoor plant growing system according to claim 1, wherein the growing unit (2) comprises a storage tank (3) and a growing panel (10);
and a planting panel (10) is arranged on the storage tank (3).
5. A multi-functional indoor plant growing system according to claim 4, wherein the growing units (2) are mounted on the supporting frame (1) through supporting aperture discs (9);
one or more planting holes (11) are arranged on the planting panel (10);
the size and shape of the planting hole (11) can be set according to the type of the planted plant.
6. A multi-functional indoor plant growing system according to claim 1, wherein the fertigation unit (5) comprises a mother tank (14), an irrigation pump (16) and an irrigation pipe (17);
the mother tank (14) is connected with a storage tank (3) of the planting unit (2) through an irrigation pipeline (17), and the irrigation pump (16) is installed on the irrigation pipeline (17) and is in signal connection with the control unit (7).
7. A multi-functional indoor plant growing system according to claim 6, wherein the nutrient solution dispensing unit (6) comprises a peristaltic pump (18), a nutrient solution bottle (19), an electromagnetic valve and a nutrient solution pipe (20);
one end of the nutrient solution pipeline (20) is connected with a female groove (14) of the fertigation unit (5), the other end of the nutrient solution pipeline (20) is connected with the nutrient solution bottle (19), and the peristaltic pump (18) and the electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on the nutrient solution pipeline (20).
8. A multifunctional indoor plant growing system according to claim 7, characterized in that a nutrient solution sensor (25) is arranged in the mother tank (14), and the nutrient solution sensor (25), the peristaltic pump (18) and the electromagnetic valve are respectively in signal connection with the control unit (7).
9. A multi-functional indoor plant growing system according to claim 3, wherein the hydroponic (21), aeroponic (22), tidal (23), top spray or drip irrigation (24) each have its own nutrient delivery structure and the nutrient delivery structure connects the irrigation piping (17) with which the fertigation unit (5) has.
10. A multifunctional indoor plant growing system according to claim 1, further comprising an intelligent terminal in communication connection with the control unit (7).
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CN115362936A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-11-22 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 Cultivation method of hybrid orchid dragon roots

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