CN115362936A - Cultivation method of hybrid orchid dragon roots - Google Patents
Cultivation method of hybrid orchid dragon roots Download PDFInfo
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- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of hybrid orchid dragon roots. According to the method, the hybrid orchid dragon root seeds are scattered into a seeding culture medium and are cultured in a dark place for germination, and the germination rate reaches 27%; inoculating the germinated dragon roots into a differentiation culture medium for bud differentiation culture, wherein the bud differentiation rate is as high as 75.51%; transferring the differentiated buds into a strong seedling rooting culture medium for culture, wherein the rooting rate is more than 98%; the rooted seedlings are transplanted into a matrix after seedling exercising and disinfection, are watered thoroughly, and are then placed on a light and tide integrated automatic culture frame for culture, so that the survival rate is improved, the death rate is reduced, and the indexes such as plant height, root length, stem thickness, dry weight, fresh weight and the like are improved; the method of the invention obviously promotes the survival and growth of the dragon roots and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant tissue culture, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of hybrid orchid dragon roots.
Background
Orchid is a general name of orchids, is one of the largest families in flowering plants, has more than 800 genera and 25000-35000 varieties, has unique fragrance, is light and elegant in color, and has high ornamental value. At present, orchid cultivation is mainly carried out in a greenhouse, the yield and the quality of the orchid are restricted by the natural environment, the production cost is high, and the occupied area is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale cultivation method for promoting the growth of hybrid orchid dragon roots and suitable for industrial production.
The cultivation method of hybrid orchid dragon roots comprises the following steps:
a. picking up capsules of hybrid orchid dragon roots growing for 5-6 months after pollination, sterilizing, cutting the capsules, taking out seeds, scattering the seeds into a sowing culture medium, and culturing in a dark place for germination; the seeding culture medium contains 0.5mg of 6-BA, 0.2mg of NAA, 30g of cane sugar and 7g of agar per liter, and the balance is 1/2MS culture medium with the pH value of 5.6-5.8;
b. inoculating the germinated dragon roots into a differentiation culture medium for bud differentiation culture, wherein each liter of the differentiation culture medium contains 2.0mg of 6-BA, 0.2mg of NAA, 30g of cane sugar, 7g of agar and 0.5g of active carbon, the balance is 1/2MS culture medium, and the pH value is 5.6-5.8;
c. transferring the differentiated buds into a strong seedling rooting culture medium for culturing to obtain rooted seedlings; the strong seedling rooting culture medium contains 1mg of NAA, 2g of peptone, 100g of banana, 30g of cane sugar, 8g of agar and 0.5g of active carbon per liter, and the balance is a Huabao No. 1 culture medium with the pH value of 5.6-5.8;
d. the rooted seedling is transplanted to a substrate after seedling training and disinfection, is watered thoroughly, and is then cultured on a light and tide integrated automatic culture frame, wherein the parameters of the culture frame are set as follows:
the tidal time is: adding water for 5min, soaking for 1min, and removing water for 1min, and adding water once every 4 days;
the illumination is set as follows: blue light illumination intensity: the red light illumination intensity is 3:1, total light intensity of 45 [ mu ] mol · m -2 ·s -1 The photoperiod is 12h/d, the blue light is the blue light with the wavelength of 450-480 nm, and the red light is the red light with the wavelength of 630 nm;
the fan sets up as: the air is blown for 10min at an interval of 5min, and the air is circulated in sequence.
Preferably, the sterilization of step a comprises the following steps: soaking capsule in 70% ethanol water solution for 60s, washing with sterile water, and adding HgCl with mass fraction of 0.1% 2 Soaking in the water solution for 15min, washing with sterile water for 3-5 times, and drying with sterile filter paper.
Preferably, the culture conditions in step a are as follows: 24 +/-1 ℃ and 50-60% of relative humidity.
Preferably, the culture conditions in step b are: 24 +/-1 ℃, and illumination intensity of 45 mu mol.m -2 ·s -1 Photoperiod 16h/d.
Preferably, the culture conditions in step c are as follows: illumination intensity of 45 μmol/m at 25 DEG C -2 ·s -1 The photoperiod is 12h/d.
Preferably, the sterilization of step d comprises the following steps: taking out the rooted seedlings, washing the culture medium at the roots, and soaking the rooted seedlings in 0.1 mass percent potassium permanganate aqueous solution for 5min.
Preferably, the substrate of step d is prepared by mixing bark: coconut husk: perlite is mixed according to a volume ratio of 1:1:1 mixing to prepare the product.
According to the method, the hybrid orchid dragon root seeds are scattered into a seeding culture medium and are cultured in a dark place for germination, and the germination rate reaches 27%; inoculating the germinated dragon roots into a differentiation culture medium for bud differentiation culture, wherein the bud differentiation rate is as high as 75.51%; transferring the differentiated buds into a strong seedling rooting culture medium for culture, wherein the rooting rate is more than 98%; the rooted seedlings are transplanted into a matrix after seedling exercising and disinfection, are watered thoroughly, and are then placed on a light and tide integrated automatic culture frame for culture, so that the survival rate is improved, the death rate is reduced, and the indexes such as plant height, root length, stem thickness, dry weight, fresh weight and the like are improved; the method of the invention obviously promotes the survival and growth of the dragon roots and has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the automated culture shelf integrated with light and tide according to example 1.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
MS culture Medium refers to the known formula of the general culture Medium, its composition And configuration method are described in Toshio Murashige, folke Skoog (1962) A recycled Medium For Rapid Growth And Bio analysis With Tobacco Tissue cultures, 15-473-497; the 1/2MS culture medium is a culture medium with half of macroelements in the MS culture medium and unchanged other components.
The Huabao No. 1 culture medium is prepared by mixing Huabao No. 1 (also named as "HYPONEX 1") with water according to the ratio of 3:1000 to obtain the final product.
Example 1
1. Sterile seeding media optimization
Picking up capsule of hybrid orchid dragon root (also named as Korean peach flower) growing for 5-6 months after pollination, soaking in 70% ethanol water solution for 60s, washing with sterile water, and adding HgCl with mass fraction of 0.1% 2 Soaking in the water solution for 15min, washing with sterile water for 3-5 times, sucking surface clear water with sterile filter paper, cutting the disinfected capsule with scalpel, taking out the seed, and spreading in seeding culture medium.
The seeding culture medium is 1/2MS culture medium, 30g/L sucrose and 7g/L agar, 0.5-1.5-mg/L6-BA (6-benzylpurine) and 0.1-0.2 mg/L NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) are added, the pH value is 5.6-5.8, and the specific formulation is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 concentration of 6-BA and NAA added to the sowing culture medium of different formulations
| Culture medium formula | 6-BA(mg/L) | NAA(mg/L) |
| CK | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 |
| 2 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| 3 | 1.0 | 0.1 |
| 4 | 1.0 | 0.2 |
| 5 | 1.5 | 0.1 |
| 6 | 1.5 | 0.2 |
10 bottles of each seeding culture medium formula are seeded. Culturing in dark place at the ambient temperature of 24 +/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity of 50-60 percent. The seeds began to swell after 30 days of continuous culture, and the germination rate was counted after 60 days of continuous culture (germination rate = total number of germinated seeds/total number of non-contaminated sown seeds × 100%).
The statistical results (table 2) show that the germination and growth effects of the seeding culture medium (each liter contains 0.5mg of 6-BA, 0.2mg of NAA, 30g of sucrose and 7g of agar, the balance is 1/2MS culture medium, and the pH is 5.6-5.8) in the formula 2 in different optimized combinations are optimal, and the germination rate reaches 27 percent and is far higher than that of other culture media.
TABLE 2 statistical germination percentage of hybrid orchid after 60 days of continuous culture
| Culture medium formula | The germination rate% |
| CK | 12.32 |
| 1 | 21.37 |
| 2 | 27.00 |
| 3 | 19.35 |
| 4 | 14.40 |
| 5 | 15.83 |
| 6 | 13.19 |
2. Optimization of components of Longgen differentiation culture medium
Inoculating the germinated dragon root into a differentiation medium to germinate and differentiate. 10 shoots were inoculated per bottle, 10 bottles were treated each. The culture medium takes 1/2MS culture medium, 30g/L sucrose, 7g/L agar and 0.5g/L active carbon as a control group (pH 5.6-5.8), 0.2-2 mg/L6-BA is added on the basis of the control culture medium, 0.2-1.0 mg/L NAA is an optimized group (pH 5.6-5.8), and the specific preparation is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 concentrations of 6-BA and NAA added to differentiation media of different formulations
The culture conditions were light intensity of 45. Mu. Mol/m -2 ·s -1 The photoperiod is 16h/d, the ambient temperature is 24 +/-1 ℃, and the relative humidity is 50-60%. After 30 days of continuous culture, the differentiation rate of the shoots was counted, and the specific results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 bud differentiation Rate
| Culture medium formula | The bud differentiation rate% |
| CK | 45.23 |
| 1 | 66.22 |
| 2 | 62.01 |
| 3 | 58.57 |
| 4 | 68.16 |
| 5 | 65.17 |
| 6 | 65.05 |
| 7 | 75.51 |
| 8 | 70.33 |
| 9 | 66.53 |
The statistical results (Table 4) show that the differentiation medium (each liter contains 2.0mg of 6-BA, 0.2mg of NAA, 30g of sucrose, 7g of agar and 0.5g of active carbon, the balance being 1/2MS medium, and the pH value is 5.6-5.8) with the formula 7 in different optimized combinations has the highest bud differentiation rate, which reaches 75.51%.
3. Strong seedling rooting culture
Transplanting the divided buds into a strong seedling rooting culture medium to obtain rooted seedlings; the culture temperature is 25 ℃, and the illumination intensity is kept at 45 mu mol.m -2 ·s -1 The photoperiod is 12h/d. The strong seedling rooting culture medium comprises: each liter contains 1mg of NAA, 2g of peptone, 100g of banana, 30g of sucrose, 8g of agar and 0.5g of active carbon, the balance is Huabao No. 1 culture medium, and the pH value is 5.6-5.8. The rooting rate reaches more than 98 percent after inoculation for 45 days.
4. Hardening off and transplanting
Firstly, the culture bottle of the rooted seedling is placed for 2 days in an open mode to be in contact with the outside air, and the transition is carried out for transplanting the rooted seedling into a matrix. When the rooted seedlings are transplanted, the seedlings are firstly taken out gently by using forceps, the culture medium at the roots is carefully washed off, and the seedlings are transplanted into a corresponding matrix (prepared by mixing bark, coconut coir and perlite in a volume ratio of 1. After the first transplanting, enough water needs to be watered, and then, proper amount of water is watered every day according to the state of the seedlings.
5. Influence of light quality on growth of tissue culture seedlings of hybrid orchid
Culturing transplanted hybrid lan longgen tissue culture seedlings by using LED light sources with different light quality ratios, processing a combination (adopting a red light (R) LED light source with the wavelength of 630nm, a far-red light (DR) LED light source with the wavelength of 735nm and a blue light (B) LED light source with the wavelength of 450-480 nm, which are produced by Wunxodake biological lighting technology Limited company as light sources), and contrasting a combination (adopting a White Fluorescent Lamp (WFL) LED light source with the color temperature of 4200K, a warm white light (WW) LED light source with the color temperature of 2940K and a cold white light (CW) LED light source with the color temperature of 6040K, which are produced by Foshan electric lighting, inc., continuously culturing for 30 days, and investigating the plant growth condition, wherein the statistical items comprise: plant height, root length, stem thickness, leaf length, leaf width; weighing fresh weight and dry weight by an electronic balance (de-enzyming for 15 minutes at 108 ℃ and drying for 48 hours in an oven at 80 ℃ to constant weight). The experiment was repeated 3 times.
TABLE 5 different LED light quality combinations
| Numbering | Light-to-mass ratio |
| T1 | B |
| T2 | 3B1R |
| T3 | 2B2R |
| T4 | 1B3R |
| T5 | R |
| T6 | DR |
| T7 | WW |
| T8 | CW |
| CK | WFL |
TABLE 6 Effect of different LED lights on the growth of hybrid orchid Dragon root seedlings
The influence of different LED light qualities and proportioning treatments on the hybrid orchid dragon root tissue culture seedlings is analyzed by measuring plant growth parameters such as plant height, root length, stem thickness, leaf area, dry weight, fresh weight and the like (table 6). Compared with the common fluorescence as a light source, the blue light irradiation of 450-480 nm can obviously promote the growth of the root system of the dragon, the plant is thick and strong, and the biomass is increased. While 630nm red light and 735nm far-red light are used as light sources to mainly promote the high elongation of the dragon root plant, but are not beneficial to rooting, and the biomass is correspondingly reduced. Taken together, we consider blue and red 3:1 or 2:2 the light-quality ratio is mixed and matched to achieve the best growth effect on hybrid orchid dragon root seedlings.
6. Cultivation condition optimization
The cultured seedlings are respectively placed in a 'light and tide integrated automatic culture frame' and a common culture greenhouse, and the culture frame device comprises:
the tidal time is: adding water for 5min, soaking for 1min, and removing water for 1min, and adding water once every 4 days;
the illumination is set as: intensity of blue light (blue light having a wavelength of 450 to 480 nm): the intensity of red light (red light with wavelength of 630 nm) illumination is 3:1, total light intensity of 45. Mu. Mol. M -2 ·s -1 The photoperiod is 12h/d;
the fan is arranged as follows: the intermittent operation is 5min, the air blowing operation is 10min, and the operation is sequentially and circularly carried out.
After continuous culture for 30 days, respectively and randomly selecting 50 seedlings, investigating the growth condition of the plants, wherein the statistical items comprise: survival rate, mortality rate, plant height, root length, stem thickness, leaf length, leaf width, dry weight, fresh weight; weighing fresh and dry weight by an electronic balance (deactivation of enzyme for 15 minutes at 108 ℃, oven drying for 48 hours at 80 ℃ to constant weight). Therefore, the growth conditions of the dragon roots are optimally adjusted to be cultured by utilizing the light and tide integrated automatic culture frame, the survival rate is improved, the death rate is reduced, and the indexes of plant height, root length, stem thickness, dry weight, fresh weight and the like are all improved, which indicates that the survival and the growth of the dragon roots are promoted by utilizing the culture frame.
TABLE 7 Effect of different cultivation conditions on the growth of hybrid orchid seedlings
The automatic culturing frame integrated with light and tide (as shown in fig. 1) comprises a support 1, a culturing plate 2, a 630nm red light LED lamp 3, a 735nm far-red light LED lamp 4, a 450-480 nm blue light LED lamp 5, a water delivery branch pipe 6, a spiral mixing fan blade 7, a flowmeter 8, an electromagnetic valve 9, a blowing device 10, an intelligent device 11, a water delivery main pipe 12, a proportioning pump 13, a concentrated solution storage box 14, a tap water pipe 15, a water outlet pipe 16, a water outlet electromagnetic valve 17 and a liquid accumulating disc 18.
The culture plates 2 are sequentially fixed on the bracket 1 from bottom to top; 630nm red light LED lamps 3, 735nm far-red light LED lamps 4 and 450-480 nm blue light LED lamps 5 are arranged above the culture plate 2; a water delivery branch pipe 6 is arranged in cooperation with each culture plate 2; a flowmeter 8 and an electromagnetic valve 9 are arranged on the water delivery branch pipe 6; the side surface of the culture plate 2 is also provided with an air blowing device 10; the water delivery branch pipe 6 is communicated with a water delivery main pipe 12, the water delivery main pipe 12 is communicated with a proportional pump 13, one end of the proportional pump 13 is communicated with a concentrated feed liquid storage tank 14, and the other end is communicated with a water source (the water source is a tap water pipe 15 or a water tank). The bottom of the water delivery main pipe 12 is communicated with a water outlet pipe 16, a water outlet electromagnetic valve 17 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 16, and a liquid accumulation disc 18 is arranged below the water outlet pipe 16. Spiral mixing fan blades 7 are arranged in the water conveying main pipe 12. The 630nm red light LED lamp 3, the 735nm far-red light LED lamp 4, the 450-480 nm blue light LED lamp 5, the blowing device 10, the flowmeter 8, the proportioning pump 13, the electromagnetic valve 9 and the water outlet electromagnetic valve 17 are all in communication connection with an intelligent device 11 (a touch screen controller).
When planting the dragon root tissue culture seedling, place the tray on cultivateing board 2, then place the flowerpot that has the dragon root seedling in the tray, as required, cultivate board 2 at each layer and adjust 630nm ruddiness LED lamp 3, 735nm far-red light LED lamp 4, the illumination intensity of 450 ~ 480nm blue light LED lamp 5 to can allocate the illumination of different light-to-mass ratios according to the dragon root seedling, like the blue light: the red light illumination intensity is 3:1, setting the illumination period, starting the blowing device 10 (fan) and setting the blowing/intermittence time of the blowing device, such as blowing for 10 minutes each time and stopping for 5 minutes, and carrying out intermittent ventilation, thereby reducing the probability of stem rot of orchid due to mildew. Setting a watering and fertilizing time interval, starting a proportioning pump when the watering time is up, conveying moisture, conveying the moisture to the corresponding water delivery branch pipe 6, controlling an electromagnetic valve on the corresponding water delivery branch pipe 6 to be opened, and slowly sucking the moisture from the bottom of the flowerpot when the water flows into the tray, so that the substrate of each pot of seedlings is fully wetted; for the dragon root seedling, the tide time is specifically set as: adding water for 5min, soaking for 1min, and removing water for 1min, and adding water once every 4 days. The flow meter 8 detects the amount of watering and closes the solenoid valve after a preset amount is reached.
When the time for fertilizing is reached, the water outlet electromagnetic valve 17 is opened firstly, so that redundant water in the pipeline flows out and then is closed, then the proportioning pump pumps the prepared concentrated fertilizer out of the concentrated feed liquid storage tank 14, the concentrated fertilizer is diluted with tap water in proportion and is mixed with the tap water through the spiral mixing fan blades 7 and then is conveyed to the corresponding water conveying branch pipe 6 of the culture plate 2, the corresponding electromagnetic valve is opened, and fertilizer water with corresponding concentration is poured in for fertilizing.
Claims (7)
1. A cultivation method of hybrid orchid dragon roots is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. picking up capsules of hybrid orchid dragon roots growing for 5-6 months after pollination, sterilizing, cutting the capsules, taking out seeds, scattering the seeds into a sowing culture medium, and culturing in a dark place for germination; the seeding culture medium contains 0.5mg of 6-BA, 0.2mg of NAA, 30g of cane sugar and 7g of agar per liter, the balance is 1/2MS culture medium, and the pH value is 5.6-5.8;
b. inoculating the germinated dragon root into a differentiation culture medium to perform bud differentiation culture, wherein the differentiation culture medium contains 2.0mg of 6-BA, 0.2mg of NAA, 30g of cane sugar, 7g of agar and 0.5g of active carbon per liter, and the balance is 1/2MS culture medium with the pH value of 5.6-5.8;
c. transferring the differentiated buds into a strong seedling rooting culture medium for culturing to obtain rooted seedlings; the strong seedling rooting culture medium contains 1mg of NAA, 2g of peptone, 100g of banana, 30g of cane sugar, 8g of agar and 0.5g of active carbon per liter, and the balance is a Huabao No. 1 culture medium with the pH value of 5.6-5.8;
d. the rooted seedling is transplanted to a substrate after seedling training and disinfection, is watered thoroughly, and is then cultured on a light and tide integrated automatic culture frame, wherein the parameters of the culture frame are set as follows:
the tidal time is: adding water for 5min, soaking for 1min, and removing water for 1min, and adding water once every 4 days;
the illumination is set as: blue light illumination intensity: the red light illumination intensity is 3:1, total light intensity of 45 [ mu ] mol · m -2 ·s -1 The photoperiod is 12h/d, the blue light is blue light with the wavelength of 450-480 nm, and the red light is red light with the wavelength of 630 nm;
the fan is arranged as follows: the air is blown for 10min at an interval of 5min, and the air is circulated in sequence.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step a of sterilizing comprises the steps of: soaking capsule in 70% ethanol water solution for 60s, washing with sterile water, and then removing HgCl by 0.1% 2 Soaking in the water solution for 15min, washing with sterile water for 3-5 times, and drying with sterile filter paper.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the culture conditions in step a are: 24 +/-1 ℃ and 50-60% of relative humidity.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the culture conditions in step b are: 24 +/-1 ℃ and illumination intensity of 45 mu mol/m -2 ·s -1 And the photoperiod is 16h/d.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said strip is cultured in step cThe parts are as follows: illumination intensity of 45 μmol/m at 25 DEG C -2 ·s -1 The photoperiod is 12h/d.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sterilizing of step d comprises the steps of: taking out the rooted seedling, washing off the culture medium at the root, and soaking for 5min by using a potassium permanganate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.1%.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate of step d is a mixture of bark: coconut husk: perlite is mixed according to a volume ratio of 1:1:1 mixing to prepare the product.
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