CN112931109A - Polygonatum kingianum cultivation method - Google Patents
Polygonatum kingianum cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112931109A CN112931109A CN202110188782.6A CN202110188782A CN112931109A CN 112931109 A CN112931109 A CN 112931109A CN 202110188782 A CN202110188782 A CN 202110188782A CN 112931109 A CN112931109 A CN 112931109A
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- 241000037826 Polygonatum kingianum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000005602 Coleus parviflorus Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000096857 Dioscorea batatas Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000002722 Dioscorea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a polygonatum kingianum cultivation method, which specifically comprises the following steps: s10 in the first year, high ridges are arranged at intervals on the forest land suitable for the growth of polygonatum kingianum, and fine polygonatum kingianum seedlings are planted on the soil on the two sides of the high ridges; s20 planting vetch on the high ridge; the sweet potato gradually climbs and covers the whole forest land after the seedlings emerge and grow; s30 in the spring of the next year, the vetch is pulled out. The method is simple in operation, and the quick growth of the seedlings of the sweet potatoes is utilized, so that the sweet potatoes planted on the high ridges are beneficial to the growth of the sweet potatoes towards two sides; the vetch climbs over the whole forest land after the polygonatum kingianum is poured out of the seedlings, weeds cannot perform photosynthesis and are pressed by the vetch thickly to die, and winter grass cannot be formed; in winter, the polygonatum kingianum is not easily damaged by frost and drought under the coverage of the vetches, the soil temperature can be increased by 1-2 ℃, the soil moisture content is increased by 8-10%, the antifreezing and moisturizing effects are achieved, the growth of weeds is reduced, the amount of labor is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine cultivation, in particular to a polygonatum kingianum cultivation method.
Background
At present, Polygonatum kingianum (Polygonatum kingianum) is a perennial herb of Polygonatum of Liliaceae, and is used as a medicine or eaten as a root. Polygonatum kingianum is one of three crude drugs (Polygonatum kingianum, Polygonatum sibiricum and Polygonatum cyrtonema) specified in Chinese pharmacopoeia and used as Polygonatum kingianum, is a genuine medicinal material variety, is mainly produced in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi provinces and other provinces and is distributed, the Yunnan region of Yunnan has high yield and quite abundant wild resources. The polygonatum kingianum is fond of warm humid climate, is mostly grown in the wild in evergreen broad-leaved forests, bamboo forests, forest margins, hillside humid places and water ditches with the altitude of 700-3600 m, is sometimes grown on rocks, has strong adaptability, resists yin and cold, can live through the winter in open places, and is fond of humid environment. The Polygonatum kingianum major components comprise crude Polygonatum kingianum polysaccharide, oligosaccharide, Polygonatum sibiricum saponin, amino acid, flavone, anthraquinone, etc., wherein the Polygonatum kingianum polysaccharide has various pharmacological effects of enhancing organism immunity, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood lipid, delaying aging, etc.
At present, the artificial cultivation of polygonatum kingianum is vigorously developed in China, the requirements on management and protection are strict and fine in the cultivation process, artificial weeding and fertilization work is mainly performed in management and protection, the cost of the cultivation and protection of polygonatum kingianum is higher and higher along with the increase of the labor cost in recent years, and the high cost seriously influences the enthusiasm of the artificial cultivation of polygonatum kingianum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polygonatum kingianum cultivation method to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a polygonatum kingianum cultivation method which specifically comprises the following steps:
s10, in the first year, high ridges are arranged on a forest land suitable for growth of polygonatum kingianum at intervals, and fine-quality and strong seedlings of polygonatum kingianum are planted on soil on two sides of the high ridges;
s20, planting the sweet potatoes on the high ridges; the sweet potato gradually climbs and covers the whole forest land after the seedlings emerge and grow;
s30, in spring of the next year, the sweet potato is pulled out.
The method is simple in operation, and the quick growth of the seedlings of the sweet potatoes is utilized, so that the sweet potatoes planted on the high ridges are beneficial to the growth of the sweet potatoes towards two sides; the vetch climbs over the whole forest land after the polygonatum kingianum is poured out of the seedlings, weeds cannot perform photosynthesis and are pressed by the vetch thickly to die, and winter grass cannot be formed; in winter, the polygonatum kingianum is not easily damaged by frost and drought under the coverage of the vetches, the soil temperature can be increased by 1-2 ℃, the soil moisture content is increased by 8-10%, the antifreezing and moisturizing effects are achieved, the growth of weeds is reduced, the amount of labor is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
Further, in step S10, forming "convex" shaped ridges on the forest land adapted to the growth of polygonatum kingianum, wherein the ridges include: the high ridge is arranged in the center, and the ridge surfaces on two sides of the high ridge; a furrow is arranged between two adjacent ridges; the polygonatum kingianum is planted on the soil of the ridge surface.
Further, step S10 includes:
s11, applying 2000 kg/mu of farmyard manure, 150 kg/mu of compound fertilizer and 4 kg/mu of micro-fertilizer in combination with soil preparation 60 days before planting polygonatum kingianum, and ridging simultaneously;
furthermore, the height of the ridge is 10-30cm, and the width of the ridge is 2-3 m;
the height of the high ridge relative to the ridge surface is 2-10cm, and the width is 8-30 cm.
Further, the width of the furrows is 15-50 cm.
More preferably, the height of the ridge is 15cm, and the width of the ridge is 2.5 m; the height of the high ridge relative to the ridge surface is 3cm, and the width of the high ridge is 10 cm; the width of the furrow is 20 cm.
Further, in step S20, the sowing density of the sweet potato is 40-100 grains/m2. Preferably, the sowing density of the sweet potato is 60 grains/m2。
Furthermore, in 1-3 months after the step 10 is finished, the vetch is planted on the high ridge.
Further, in step S10, polygonatum kingianum is planted in middle 6-month of the first year; in step S20, vetch is planted at the bottom of 8 months in the first year.
The planting time of polygonatum kingianum is selected to be 6 months, watering is not needed when the moon is just in the rainy season planting process, and the period of the weed growth period is shortened by 5 months in total within 6-10 months. The Chinese potato is sown in the central ridge of the convex-shaped ridge at the bottom of 8 months, which is the best period for sowing the Chinese potato, the seed emergence is fast, and the high ridge in the center of the ridge is favorable for the growth of the Chinese potato towards two sides. When the polygonatum kingianum seedlings are poured for 10 months, the vetches in the centers of the ridges climb the whole ridges, so that the polygonatum kingianum can pass the winter.
Further, in step S10, the plant spacing of Polygonatum kingianum is 25 × 30cm, and the planting depth is 15 cm.
Further, step S30 includes:
s31, pulling the vetch at the end of 2 months in the second year to uniformly cover the polygonatum kingianum; uniformly scattering 50 kg/mu of VT (VT-bacteria) -fermented biological organic fertilizer on the vetch, covering soil for 2-3cm, and compacting;
and S32, watering after covering soil to keep the water content of the soil at 65-75%.
The water content of the soil is kept between 65 and 75 percent, which is beneficial to VT bacteria fermentation to form a biological organic fertilizer, is beneficial to soil microorganism growth and the decay of the vetch to form an organic fertilizer and microorganisms for soil improvement, and improves the yield and the quality of the polygonatum kingianum.
Further, the method also comprises a step S40 of removing a small amount of weeds in the polygonatum kingianum and carrying out daily management.
Furthermore, the soil-filling device also comprises a strip-shaped accommodating groove, wherein soil is filled in the accommodating groove; the holding tanks are arranged on the forest land at intervals to form the high ridges.
Through the holding tank that sets up rectangular shape to be convenient for mechanized, automatic operation, utilize machinery to unify the arrangement back to the woodland, lay the holding tank that carries soil on the woodland again, form the high ridge, the purple sweet potato growth in-process of being convenient for is to both sides and is spread. Even, polygonatum kingianum can be mechanically planted on a flat forest land, after 1-3 months, the accommodating tank with the soil is arranged on the forest land, the seeds of the vetches are pre-buried in the soil, or the seedlings of the vetches are pre-planted on the soil, the high ridges can be increased or decreased according to the coverage degree of the vetches on the forest land in the later period, and the arrangement time of the vetches is more flexible; meanwhile, the manual operation amount is greatly reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
Further, in spring of the next year, the containing groove is lifted (by using machinery), and the vetch is pulled up together with the root. Simple and convenient, has higher efficiency, and can quickly convert the growth environment of polygonatum kingianum and create better external conditions for the later growth of polygonatum kingianum.
Furthermore, before the holding tank is lifted, the vines of the sweet potatoes are cut off along the edges of the two sides of the holding tank.
Further, the bottom of holding tank evenly is provided with a plurality of through-holes that are used for with woodland soil intercommunication.
Furthermore, the potato vine cutting machine also comprises a strip-shaped blade, wherein the edges of two sides of the containing groove are respectively provided with a guiding groove matched with the blade, and the blade scrapes off the vines of the potatoes after falling down along the guiding grooves.
Furthermore, two ends of the same side edge of the accommodating groove are respectively provided with one guide groove.
Further, two ends of the blade are provided with tool handles.
Furthermore, a liquid conveying pipeline for conveying liquid to the roots of the sweet potatoes is arranged in the accommodating groove; in spring of the next year, the herbicide is directly conveyed to the root of the vetch through the infusion pipeline, and the equivalent effect of pulling out the vetch is achieved.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the polygonatum kingianum is changed from wild growth to artificial cultivation, the daily management and protection requirements of the polygonatum kingianum are strict in the cultivation process, and if the polygonatum kingianum is not properly operated in a certain management and protection aspect, the yield and the quality of the polygonatum kingianum are seriously influenced. Weeding and fertilizing are key tasks in daily management work, weeding is generally carried out 4 times and fertilizing is carried out 1 time each year, 10 workers are needed for weeding one mu of land, 15 workers are needed for fertilizing, and the cost of the labor for weeding and fertilizing accounts for about 50% of the total cost.
According to the invention, the raised ridges are formed, the improved polygonatum kingianum strong seedlings are selected to be planted in 6 months in rainy season, the growth period of weeds is shortened, the vetch is sowed in the center of the ridge in 8 months, the vetch is enabled to cover the whole ridge in 10 months when the polygonatum kingianum seedlings are poured, the weeds cannot be subjected to photosynthesis under the vetch and die, meanwhile, the vetch can be covered on the ridge in the wintering season, drought and frost damage can be avoided, the soil temperature is increased by 1-2 ℃, the soil moisture content is increased by 8-10%, the young and tender vetch is pulled out when the polygonatum kingianum sprouts in 2 months in the second year, the ridges are uniformly covered, the bio-organic fertilizer is spread and watered, an environment suitable for the growth of microorganisms is created, the decay of the vetch and the formation of the organic fertilizer are facilitated, soil organic matters and soil microorganisms are increased, and the organic matters can be increased. The technical measures can reduce the weeds by more than 80 percent, reduce the management and protection cost by 40 to 50 percent and improve the yield and the quality of polygonatum kingianum. The polygonatum kingianum is mainly planted on forest land, the soil is poor and mechanical operation cannot be carried out, the labor cost can be greatly reduced in the aspect of tending management by adopting the polygonatum kingianum labor-saving cultivation method, the soil fertility is increased, the yield and the quality of the polygonatum kingianum are improved, the application and the popularization are simple and convenient, and the polygonatum kingianum cultivation method has obvious economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a ridge in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the Chinese potato covering the polygonatum kingianum in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a receiving groove in the embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the receiving pocket and blade of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view AA in FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an accommodating groove in embodiment 3 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s10, in the first year, high ridges 12 are arranged on a forest land suitable for growth of polygonatum kingianum at intervals, and fine-quality and strong seedlings of polygonatum kingianum are planted on soil on two sides of the high ridges 12; the spacing between plants and rows of polygonatum kingianum is 25 multiplied by 30cm, and the planting depth is 15 cm.
S20, planting the sweet potatoes on the high ridges 12; as shown in figure 2, the sweet potato 20 gradually climbs over and covers the whole forest land after the seedlings emerge;
s30, in spring of the second year, the sweet potato is pulled out, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, pulling the vetch at the end of 2 months in the second year to uniformly cover the polygonatum kingianum; uniformly scattering 50 kg/mu of VT (VT-bacteria) -fermented biological organic fertilizer on the vetch, covering soil for 2-3cm, and compacting;
and S32, watering after covering soil to keep the water content of the soil at 65-75%.
The water content of the soil is kept between 65 and 75 percent, which is beneficial to VT bacteria fermentation to form a biological organic fertilizer, is beneficial to soil microorganism growth and the decay of the vetch to form an organic fertilizer and microorganisms for soil improvement, and improves the yield and the quality of the polygonatum kingianum.
S40, removing a small amount of weeds in polygonatum kingianum and carrying out daily management.
The method is simple in operation, and the quick growth of the seedlings of the sweet potatoes is utilized, so that the sweet potatoes planted on the high ridges 12 are beneficial to the growth of the sweet potatoes towards two sides; the vetch climbs over the whole forest land after the polygonatum kingianum is poured out of the seedlings, weeds cannot perform photosynthesis and are pressed by the vetch thickly to die, and winter grass cannot be formed; in winter, the polygonatum kingianum is not easily damaged by frost and drought under the coverage of the vetches, the soil temperature can be increased by 1-2 ℃, the soil moisture content is increased by 8-10%, the antifreezing and moisturizing effects are achieved, the growth of weeds is reduced, the amount of labor is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in step S10, a "convex" shaped ridge 10 is raised on the forest land adapted to the growth of polygonatum kingianum, and the ridge 10 includes: the high ridge 12 is arranged in the center, and ridge surfaces 11 on two sides of the high ridge 12; a furrow 13 is arranged between two adjacent ridges 10; polygonatum kingianum is planted on the soil of ridge surface 11.
More preferably, step S10 further includes:
s11, applying 2000 kg/mu of farmyard manure, 150 kg/mu of compound fertilizer and 4 kg/mu of micro-fertilizer in combination with soil preparation 60 days before planting polygonatum kingianum, and ridging 10 at the same time;
wherein the height of the ridge 10 is 10-30cm, and the width of the ridge 10 is 2-3 m; the height of the high ridges 12 relative to the ridge surface 11 is 2-10cm, and the width is 8-30 cm. The width of the furrow 13 is 15-50 cm. In this embodiment, the height of the ridge 10 is 15cm, and the width of the ridge 10 is 2.5 m; the height of the high ridge 12 relative to the ridge surface 11 is 3cm, and the width is 10 cm; the width of the furrow 13 is 20 cm.
In step S20, the sowing density of the vetch is 40-100 grains/m2. Preferably, the sowing density of the sweet potato is 60 grains/m2。
More preferably, in the technical scheme, the vetch is planted on the high ridges 12 within 1-3 months after the step 10 is finished. Preferably, for example, polygonatum kingianum is planted in 6-month middle ten of the first year; in step S20, vetch is planted at the bottom of 8 months in the first year.
The planting time of polygonatum kingianum is selected to be 6 months, watering is not needed when the moon is just in the rainy season planting process, and the period of the weed growth period is shortened by 5 months in total within 6-10 months. The vetch is sowed in the ridge at the center of the convex ridge 10 at the bottom of 8 months, the period is the best period for sowing the vetch, the seed emergence is fast, and the high ridge at the center of the ridge 10 is beneficial to the growth of the vetch to two sides. When the polygonatum kingianum seedlings are poured for 10 months, the vetch in the center of the ridge 10 climbs over the whole ridge 10, which is beneficial to the polygonatum kingianum to pass the winter.
The polygonatum kingianum is changed from wild growth to artificial cultivation, the daily management and protection requirements of the polygonatum kingianum are strict in the cultivation process, and if the polygonatum kingianum is not properly operated in a certain management and protection aspect, the yield and the quality of the polygonatum kingianum are seriously influenced. Weeding and fertilizing are key tasks in daily management work, weeding is generally carried out 4 times and fertilizing is carried out 1 time each year, 10 workers are needed for weeding one mu of land, 15 workers are needed for fertilizing, and the cost of the labor for weeding and fertilizing accounts for about 50% of the total cost.
The invention shortens the growth period of weeds by forming the convex-shaped ridges 10 and selecting the improved variety strong seedlings of polygonatum kingianum in 6 months in rainy season, and the vetch is sowed in the center of the ridges 10 in 8 months so that the vetch covers the whole ridges 10 in 10 months when the seedlings of polygonatum kingianum are poured, thus leading the weeds to die because the weeds can not carry out photosynthesis under the vetch, meanwhile, the ridge 10 can be covered by the vetch in the overwintering season, so that the damage of drought and frost can be avoided, the soil temperature is improved by 1-2 ℃, the soil moisture content is 8-10%, when polygonatum kingianum sprouts at the end of the next 2 months, young and tender vetch is pulled out to uniformly cover the upper ridges 10, and biological organic fertilizer is spread and watered to create an environment suitable for the growth of microorganisms, so that the decay of the vetch and the formation of the organic fertilizer are facilitated, soil organic matters and soil microorganisms are increased, and the measures can improve the soil organic matters of the plough layer by 10-12%. The technical measures can reduce the weeds by more than 80 percent, reduce the management and protection cost by 40 to 50 percent and improve the yield and the quality of polygonatum kingianum. The polygonatum kingianum is mainly planted on forest land, the soil is poor and mechanical operation cannot be carried out, the labor cost can be greatly reduced in the aspect of tending management by adopting the polygonatum kingianum labor-saving cultivation method, the soil fertility is increased, the yield and the quality of the polygonatum kingianum are improved, the application and the popularization are simple and convenient, and the polygonatum kingianum cultivation method has obvious economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit.
Example 2
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that:
as shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment includes a strip-shaped receiving groove 30, and the receiving groove 30 is filled with soil; the holding grooves 30 are arranged on the forest land at intervals to form the high ridges 12. The bottom of holding tank 30 evenly is provided with a plurality of through-holes 31 that are used for with the woodland soil intercommunication, and then the purple sweet potato seed of being convenient for draws moisture and nourishment and grows fast.
The holding tank 30 of rectangular shape is through setting up to this embodiment to be convenient for mechanized, automatic operation, after utilizing machinery to unify the arrangement to the woodland, will carry the holding tank 30 of soil to lay on the woodland again, form high ridge 12, be convenient for the potato growth in-process to both sides spread. Even, polygonatum kingianum can be mechanically planted on a flat forest land, after 1-3 months, the accommodating tank 30 with soil is arranged on the forest land, the seeds of the vetch are pre-buried in the soil, or the seedlings of the vetch are pre-planted on the soil, the high ridges 12 can be increased or decreased according to the coverage degree of the vetch on the forest land in the later period, and the arrangement time of the vetch is more flexible; meanwhile, the manual operation amount is greatly reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
In step 30, in the present embodiment, in the spring of the next year, the housing tank 30 is lifted by mechanical means such as a forklift, a lifting mechanism such as an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, and the like, so that the vetch is pulled up together with the root. Simple and convenient, has higher efficiency, and can quickly convert the growth environment of polygonatum kingianum and create better external conditions for the later growth of polygonatum kingianum.
More preferably, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the vines of the sweet potato are cut off by the strip-shaped blades 40 along the left and right edges of the accommodating groove 30 before the accommodating groove 30 is lifted. The edges of two sides of the holding groove 30 are respectively provided with a guiding groove 50 matched with the blade 40, and the blade 40 scrapes off the vines of the sweet potatoes after falling along the guiding groove 50.
Wherein, two ends of the same side edge of the accommodating groove 30 are respectively provided with one of the guiding grooves. Handles are provided at both ends of the blade 40.
The vines of the vetch can be quickly shoveled off by the blade and the guide groove, so that the vines of the vetch cannot damage the polygonatum kingianum when the accommodating groove 30 is lifted.
The holding tank 30 can be moved out of the forest land after being lifted up, and can be turned over and turned over in situ when the polygonatum kingianum is planted next time, so that the vetch becomes a biological fertilizer after rotting.
Example 3
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 2 except that:
as shown in fig. 6, a liquid conveying pipeline 32 for conveying liquid to the roots of the sweet potatoes is arranged in the accommodating groove 30; in spring of the next year, the herbicide is directly conveyed to the root of the vetch through the transfusion pipeline 32, and the equivalent effect of pulling out the vetch is achieved. The potato is pulled out without physically lifting the accommodating groove, so that the potato is simpler and lower in cost.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, in the first year, high ridges are arranged on a forest land suitable for growth of polygonatum kingianum at intervals, and fine-quality and strong seedlings of polygonatum kingianum are planted on soil on two sides of the high ridges;
s20, planting the sweet potatoes on the high ridges; the sweet potato gradually climbs and covers the whole forest land after the seedlings emerge and grow;
s30, in spring of the next year, the sweet potato is pulled out.
2. The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in step S10, "raised" ridges are formed on the forest land adapted to the growth of polygonatum kingianum, the ridges comprising: the high ridge is arranged in the center, and the ridge surfaces on two sides of the high ridge; a furrow is arranged between two adjacent ridges; the polygonatum kingianum is planted on the soil of the ridge surface.
3. The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein the step S10 further comprises:
s11, applying 2000 kg/mu of farmyard manure, 150 kg/mu of compound fertilizer and 4 kg/mu of micro-fertilizer in the whole field 60 days before planting polygonatum kingianum, and ridging simultaneously.
4. The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein the height of the ridge is 10-30cm, and the width of the ridge is 2-3 m;
the height of the high ridge relative to the ridge surface is 2-10cm, and the width is 8-30 cm.
5. The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein the width of the furrow is 15-50 cm.
6. The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein the height of the ridges is 15cm, and the width of the ridges is 2.5 m; the height of the high ridge relative to the ridge surface is 3cm, and the width of the high ridge is 10 cm; the width of the furrow is 20 cm.
7. The cultivation method of polygonatum kingianum according to claim 1, wherein in step S20, the seeding density of vetch is 40-100 granules/m2。
8. The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein vetch is planted on the high ridges within 1-3 months after completion of step 10.
9. The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in step S10, polygonatum kingianum is planted in 6-month middle of the first year; in step S20, vetch is planted at the bottom of 8 months in the first year.
10. The polygonatum kingianum cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in step S10, the plant row spacing of polygonatum kingianum is 25 x 30cm, and the planting depth is 15 cm.
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