CN108464212B - Method for planting single-clove garlic in northern area - Google Patents
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting single-clove garlic in northern areas. The planting method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a planting field; (2) selecting garlic seeds; (3) preparing before sowing; (4) building and utilizing a plastic arched shed; (5) selecting a proper sowing date; (6) controlling the seeding density of the single-clove garlic; (7) planting and managing in the field; (8) and harvesting the single-clove garlic. The method has the beneficial effects that the single-clove garlic planted by the method has the greatest advantage that the single-clove rate is up to 100%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting single-clove garlic in northern areas.
Background
Regarding the planting technology of the single-clove garlic, CN104956892A discloses a sowing method for cultivating the single-clove garlic, comprising the following steps:
(1) collecting garlic cloves: carrying out splitting treatment on the harvested garlic, and selecting small-sized full garlic cloves;
(2) storing the garlic cloves: placing and storing the selected garlic cloves in a shady and dry area to ensure the growth of the sprouts of the garlic sprouts;
(3) treatment of seeds before sowing: peeling the selected garlic cloves;
(4) selection of a base fertilizer: uniformly stirring 70% of plant ash, 25% of chicken manure and 5% of urea;
(5) base arrangement: cleaning sundries in the soil, turning the soil to be 6-10 cm in a fluffy state for later use, and then turning the soil to be 6-10 cm in a ditch shape;
(6) uniformly spreading 3-5 g of prepared base fertilizer in each garlic clove in a ploughed soil ditch shape at a distance of 5-8 cm, and then covering with soil;
(7) sowing: uniformly planting the prepared garlic cloves on the soil surface covered with the base fertilizer, covering the garlic cloves with soil with the humidity of 70% and the thickness of 2-3 cm, and then covering the garlic cloves with a cover film for 4-6 days.
In the method, the common garlic is peeled and then planted, so that the garlic is gradually changed into the single-clove garlic bulbs in the growth process. Although the planting method is simple and easy to operate, the production efficiency is effectively improved, and the method is also suitable for the requirement of large-area production. However, the invention can not ensure the single-clove rate and the commodity value of the single-clove garlic.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a planting method of single-clove garlic with a single-clove rate as high as 100%.
The planting method of the single-clove garlic in the northern area solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the planting method of the single-clove garlic in the northern area comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a planting land: selecting the area with the lowest temperature of more than-10 ℃ in winter in the north, wherein the soil is sandy soil or medium loam;
(2) selecting garlic seeds: selecting full and full garlic cloves without diseases and insect pests and with the weight less than 2 g/head as seed garlic;
(3) preparation before broadcasting: soil to be sown is ploughed and then raked finely and leveled, so that dark and bumpy soil is guaranteed, and the soil is loose and solid; after ploughing and leveling, applying the fertilizer to the soil before sowing, and applying 200 jin/mu of compound fertilizer;
(4) the plastic arched shed is built and utilized: building a plastic arched shed with the width of 1-1.5 meters from the middle and last ten days of the first 10 months to the middle and last ten days of the first 11 months;
(5) sowing date: sowing seeds in a plastic arched shed in clear and windless weather from the middle and late ten days of the next year 1 to the middle and early ten days of the next month when the daily average temperature is between 0 and 5 ℃;
(6) the sowing density of the single-clove garlic is as follows: the planting density per mu of the single-clove garlic is controlled to be 8-10 ten thousand plants per mu, the row spacing is about 8-12cm during planting, and the plant spacing is about 6-9 cm;
(7) and (3) field planting management: ditching and sowing, namely uniformly ditching according to the row spacing, wherein the depth of the ditch is 3-4cm, transplanting according to the direction of the garlic belly back, uniformly sowing according to the plant spacing, covering with soil at the side of the ditch after sowing, raking the surface of the furrow, and watering thoroughly; on the next day after watering, uniformly mixing the pesticide with water, and covering a transparent mulching film of 0.004-0.008 mm after spraying; removing the arched shed film after the film covering is finished;
after seedling emergence, selecting a noon with clear weather and higher air temperature to water in time according to soil moisture content, and applying phoxim to prevent and control underground pests such as garlic maggots and the like and prevent and control diseases in time according to the seedling content;
(8) harvesting of single-clove garlic: in the last ten days of the year from 5 months to 6 months, the garlic leaves become grayish green, the bottom leaves are withered and yellow, and pseudostems are soft and fully expanded, and then the harvest is started.
In the above technical scheme, (3), the selected compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents higher than 15%;
(6) in the middle, the seeding density of the single-clove garlic is as follows: the planting density per mu of the single-clove garlic is controlled to be 9 ten thousand plants per mu, the row spacing is about 10cm during planting, and the plant spacing is about 7.5 cm.
(7) In the method, 120ml/666.7 square meters of 35 percent of oxadiazon, acetochlor and oxyfluorfen mixed agent is mixed with water by 50kg for even spraying,
or 44% pendimethalin, acetochlor and oxyfluorfen mixed agent of 160ml/666.7 square meters mixed with water of 50kg is selected for even spraying.
The selected garlic seeds are garlic bulbs stored in the following modes:
fully airing and drying the collected small garlic, stripping off bulb skins and bulb plates from the middle and last ten days of 9 months to the middle and last ten days of 10 months, splitting, selecting 0.8-1.5 g of full bulbs without diseases and insect pests, uniformly spreading and placing in a dry and ventilated room, and controlling the air humidity to be below 30% to ensure that garlic seeds do not root.
The method has the beneficial effects that the method combines the selection of the proper atmospheric soil condition, the proper garlic seed size, the garlic seed storage condition, the sowing date and density of the single-clove garlic and the construction and utilization of the plastic arched shed, the harvested single-clove garlic bulbs have larger diameter and regular and consistent shape, the single-clove rate reaches 100% at most, and the single-clove rate and the commodity of the single-clove garlic are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a product diagram of single-clove garlic planted by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a newly dug single clove garlic;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a single-clove garlic dug from the ground;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of different batches of single bulb garlic.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art may better understand the invention, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The planting method of the single-clove garlic in the northern area comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a planting land: selecting the area with the lowest temperature of more than-10 ℃ in winter in the north, wherein the soil is sandy soil or medium loam;
(2) selecting garlic seeds: selecting full and full garlic cloves without diseases and insect pests and with the weight less than 2 g/head as seed garlic; the selected garlic seeds are garlic bulbs stored in the following modes:
fully airing and drying the collected small garlic, stripping off bulb skins and bulb plates from the middle and last ten days of 9 months to the middle and last ten days of 10 months, splitting, selecting 0.8-1.5 g of full bulbs without diseases and insect pests, uniformly spreading and placing in a dry and ventilated room, and controlling the air humidity to be below 30% to ensure that garlic seeds do not root;
(3) preparation before broadcasting: soil to be sown is ploughed and then raked finely and leveled, so that dark and bumpy soil is guaranteed, and the soil is loose and solid; after ploughing and leveling, applying the fertilizer to the soil before sowing, and applying 200 jin/mu of compound fertilizer;
(4) the plastic arched shed is built and utilized: building a plastic arched shed with the width of 1-1.5 meters from the middle and last ten days of the first 10 months to the middle and last ten days of the first 11 months;
(5) sowing date: sowing seeds in a plastic arched shed in clear and windless weather from the middle and late ten days of the next year 1 to the middle and early ten days of the next month when the daily average temperature is between 0 and 5 ℃;
(6) the sowing density of the single-clove garlic is as follows: the planting density per mu of the single-clove garlic is controlled to be 8-10 ten thousand plants per mu, the row spacing is about 10cm during planting, and the plant spacing is about 7.5 cm;
(7) and (3) field planting management: ditching and sowing, namely uniformly ditching according to the row spacing, wherein the depth of the ditch is 3-4cm, transplanting according to the direction of the garlic belly back, uniformly sowing according to the plant spacing, covering with soil at the side of the ditch after sowing, raking the surface of the furrow, and watering thoroughly; the next day after watering, uniformly spraying pesticide by selecting 35% of oxadiazon, acetochlor and oxyfluorfen mixed agent of 120ml/666.7 square meters and adding 50kg of water, uniformly mixing when adding water, and covering a transparent mulching film of 0.004-0.008 mm after spraying; removing the arched shed film after the film covering is finished;
after seedling emergence, selecting a noon with clear weather and higher air temperature to water in time according to soil moisture content, and applying phoxim to prevent and control underground pests such as garlic maggots and the like and prevent and control diseases in time according to the seedling content;
(8) harvesting of single-clove garlic: in the last ten days of the year from 5 months to 6 months, the garlic leaves become grayish green, the bottom leaves are withered and yellow, and pseudostems are soft and fully expanded, and then the harvest is started.
The following table is data obtained by the inventors when conducting experiments:
the following 1-30 represent the growth of different garlic bulbs after sowing;
TABLE 12016-year sowing period test garlic character survey
TABLE 2 (1)2016 Allium sativum cultivation test in 2017
TABLE 2 (2)2016 Allium sativum cultivation test in 2017
Note: cell area 10m2(ii) a The garlic maggots sowed in 2017 in 2 months and 25 days are seriously processed and die in a large amount.
TABLE 3 (1)2016 Allium sativum cultivation test in 2017 at different sites
TABLE 3 (2)2016 + cultivation test for single garlic in 2017
Table 1 shows the raw measurement data of the garlic bulbs harvested in 2017 (including the transverse diameter and the single weight of the garlic bulbs).
Table 2 shows that the single-bulb rate of the single-bulb garlic harvested after the sowing in 2017 for 1, month and 28 days reaches 100%, the number of the first-stage garlic bulbs (the diameter of the garlic bulbs is more than or equal to 3.5cm) and the second-stage garlic bulbs (the diameter of the garlic bulbs is more than or equal to 3.0cm and less than 3.5cm) accounts for 33.70% and 34.65% of the total number of the bulbs, the total amount accounts for 43.88% and 38.13%, the single-bulb rate is high, the commodity is good, and the economic benefit is outstanding.
Table 3 shows that when single-clove garlic is produced in 3 different test sites and sowed at the end of 2017 in 1 month, the harvested garlic can reach 100% single-clove rate, the first-stage garlic and the second-stage garlic can reach more than 30%, the commodity is good, and the single-clove garlic planting method in the northern area has stable effect and high reliability.
The single-clove garlic planted by the method has the single-clove rate of 100 percent, the single-clove garlic yield of 1502kg (the weight of fresh garlic) per mu, and great economic benefit and popularization value.
Example 2
The planting method of the single-clove garlic in the northern area comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a planting land: selecting the area with the lowest temperature of more than-10 ℃ in winter in the north, wherein the soil is sandy soil or medium loam;
(2) selecting garlic seeds: selecting full and full garlic cloves without diseases and insect pests and with the weight less than 2 g/head as seed garlic; the selected garlic seeds are garlic bulbs stored in the following modes:
fully airing and drying the collected small garlic, stripping off bulb skins and bulb plates from the middle and last ten days of 9 months to the middle and last ten days of 10 months, splitting, selecting 0.8-1.5 g of full bulbs without diseases and insect pests, uniformly spreading and placing in a dry and ventilated room, and controlling the air humidity to be below 30% to ensure that garlic seeds do not root;
(3) preparation before broadcasting: soil to be sown is ploughed and then raked finely and leveled, so that dark and bumpy soil is guaranteed, and the soil is loose and solid; after ploughing and leveling, applying the fertilizer to the soil before sowing, and applying 200 jin/mu of compound fertilizer;
(4) the plastic arched shed is built and utilized: building a plastic arched shed with the width of 1-1.5 meters from the middle and last ten days of the first 10 months to the middle and last ten days of the first 11 months;
(5) sowing date: sowing seeds in a plastic arched shed in clear and windless weather from the middle and late ten days of the next year 1 to the middle and early ten days of the next month when the daily average temperature is between 0 and 5 ℃;
(6) the sowing density of the single-clove garlic is as follows: the planting density per mu of the single-clove garlic is controlled to be 8-10 ten thousand plants per mu, the row spacing is about 10cm during planting, and the plant spacing is about 7.5 cm;
(7) and (3) field planting management: ditching and sowing, namely uniformly ditching according to the row spacing, wherein the depth of the ditch is 3-4cm, transplanting according to the direction of the garlic belly back, uniformly sowing according to the plant spacing, covering with soil at the side of the ditch after sowing, raking the surface of the furrow, and watering thoroughly; the next day after watering, uniformly spraying pesticide by selecting 35% of oxadiazon, acetochlor and oxyfluorfen mixed agent of 120ml/666.7 square meters and adding 50kg of water, uniformly mixing when adding water, and covering a transparent mulching film of 0.004-0.008 mm after spraying; removing the arched shed film after the film covering is finished;
after seedling emergence, selecting a noon with clear weather and higher air temperature to water in time according to soil moisture content, and applying phoxim to prevent and control underground pests such as garlic maggots and the like and prevent and control diseases in time according to the seedling content;
(8) harvesting of single-clove garlic: in the last ten days of the year from 5 months to 6 months, the garlic leaves become grayish green, the bottom leaves are withered and yellow, and pseudostems are soft and fully expanded, and then the harvest is started.
Claims (5)
1. The planting method of the single-clove garlic in the northern area comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a planting land: selecting the area with the lowest temperature of more than-10 ℃ in winter in the north;
(2) selecting garlic seeds: selecting full and full garlic cloves without diseases and insect pests and with the weight less than 2 g/head as seed garlic;
(3) preparation before broadcasting: soil to be sown is ploughed and then raked finely and leveled, so that dark and bumpy soil is guaranteed, and the soil is loose and solid; after ploughing and leveling, applying the fertilizer to the soil before sowing, and applying 200 jin/mu of compound fertilizer;
(4) the plastic arched shed is built and utilized: building a plastic arched shed with the width of 1-1.5 meters from the middle and last ten days of the first 10 months to the middle and last ten days of the first 11 months;
(5) sowing date: sowing seeds in a plastic arched shed in clear and windless weather from the middle and late ten days of the next year 1 to the middle and early ten days of the next month when the daily average temperature is between 0 and 5 ℃;
(6) the sowing density of the single-clove garlic is as follows: the planting density per mu of the single-clove garlic is controlled to be 8-10 ten thousand plants per mu, the row spacing is 8-12cm during planting, and the plant spacing is 6-9 cm;
(7) and (3) field planting management: ditching and sowing, namely uniformly ditching according to the row spacing, wherein the depth of the ditch is 3-4cm, transplanting according to the direction of the garlic belly back, uniformly sowing according to the plant spacing, covering with soil at the side of the ditch after sowing, raking the surface of the furrow, and watering thoroughly; on the next day after watering, uniformly mixing the pesticide with water, and covering a transparent mulching film of 0.004-0.008 mm after spraying; removing the arched shed film after the film covering is finished;
after seedling emergence, selecting a noon with clear weather and higher air temperature to water in time according to soil moisture content, and applying phoxim to prevent underground pests and prevent diseases in time according to the seedling condition;
(8) harvesting of single-clove garlic: in the last ten days of the last 5 months to the last 6 months of the year, the garlic leaves become grayish green, the bottom leaves are withered and yellow, and pseudostems are soft and fully expanded, and then the harvest is started;
in the step (2), the selected garlic seeds are garlic bulbs stored in the following way:
fully airing and drying the collected small garlic, stripping off bulb skins and bulb plates from the middle and last ten days of 9 months to the middle and last ten days of 10 months, splitting, selecting 0.8-1.5 g of full bulbs without diseases and insect pests, uniformly spreading and placing in a dry and ventilated room, and controlling the air humidity to be below 30% to ensure that garlic seeds do not root;
in the step (3), the selected compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents higher than 15%;
the soil of the planting area selected in the step (1) is sandy soil or medium loam.
2. The method for planting single-clove garlic in northern areas of China as claimed in claim 1, wherein in (2), the selected garlic species are bulbils to produce small garlic bulbs.
3. The method for planting single-clove garlic in northern areas of the garlic as claimed in claim 1, wherein in (6), the sowing density of single-clove garlic is: the planting density per mu of the single-clove garlic is controlled to be 9 ten thousand plants per mu, the row spacing is about 10cm during planting, and the plant spacing is about 7.5 cm.
4. The planting method of the single-clove garlic in the northern area as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (7), 120ml/666.7 square meters mixed with 50kg of water are selected for 35% of the compounded agent of oxadiazon, acetochlor and oxyfluorfen for uniform spraying.
5. The planting method of the northern area of the single-clove garlic as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (7), 44% pendimethalin, acetochlor and oxyfluorfen mixture is selected to be sprayed uniformly, wherein the mixture is prepared by mixing water with 160ml/666.7 square meters and 50kg of water.
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| CN109257999A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-25 | 张顺勇 | A kind of cultural method of local varieties garlic seed winter store method and the garlic seed of acquisition |
| CN109197552B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-09-18 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Method for soilless culture of single-clove garlic in northern area |
| CN115299305B (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2023-06-20 | 成都市农林科学院 | Production method of single-head garlic |
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| CN104885775A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-09 | 山东省慧福康富硒生物科技有限公司 | Planting method of single-clove garlic |
| CN104996104B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-06-13 | 山东省慧福康富硒生物科技有限公司 | A kind of storage method of only garlic variety |
| CN104956892B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-11-07 | 贵州茅台流域东升农场有限公司 | A kind of type of seeding that garlic is cultivated into only garlic |
| CN105830722A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-10 | 天津向阳桥大蒜种植专业合作社 | Garlic breeding method |
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