CN112913063A - 聚合物浸渍袋式电池单元 - Google Patents
聚合物浸渍袋式电池单元 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112913063A CN112913063A CN201980070318.8A CN201980070318A CN112913063A CN 112913063 A CN112913063 A CN 112913063A CN 201980070318 A CN201980070318 A CN 201980070318A CN 112913063 A CN112913063 A CN 112913063A
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- Prior art keywords
- pouch
- copper foil
- battery cell
- lithium
- active material
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011855 lithium-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011104 metalized film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M10/0583—Construction or manufacture of accumulators with folded construction elements except wound ones, i.e. folded positive or negative electrodes or separators, e.g. with "Z"-shaped electrodes or separators
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Abstract
一种袋式电池单元,所述袋式电池单元包括形成袋的铜箔池,与所述袋内的所述铜箔相邻的活性材料层与所述铜形成阳极,以及在所述袋内的锂基阴极。所述电池单元包括介于所述一个活性材料层和所述锂基阴极之间的隔板;以及电解质。
Description
相关案例的交叉引用
本申请要求2018年10月24日提交的序列号为62/749,950的美国临时专利申请的权益,并通过引用将该临时申请合并到本公开中,如同在此充分阐述一样。
技术领域
本公开总体上涉及电池技术,并且更具体地涉及用于电池单元的改进构造的方法。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面,包括一种袋式电池单元,所述袋式电池单元包括形成袋的铜箔,与袋内的铜箔相邻的活性材料层与铜形成阳极,以及在袋内的锂基阴极。电池单元还包括介于所述一个活性材料层和所述锂基阴极之间的隔板,以及电解质。
在一些实施例中,活性材料包括酸化金属氧化物。活性材料可以约6.49mg/cm2的密度施加在袋内的至少一层中。隔板可包括包含所述锂基阴极的袋。隔膜可以是聚丙烯。
袋式电池单元可以包括被折叠以形成袋的整体铜箔段。铜箔段可以具有形成袋的底部的折叠边缘,并且与折叠边缘的底部相邻的袋的相对侧被密封在一起。
电池单元可以包括第一端子接片,所述第一端子接片电连接到锂基阴极并且可接触袋的外部。第二端子接片可以电连接到铜箔袋。锂基阴极可以是锂箔。在某些情况下,锂基阴极由金属锂组成。
袋式电池单元可以包括施加到铜箔袋的外部的绝缘层。绝缘层可以包括聚异丁烯。
在本公开的另一方面中,包括一种形成电池单元的方法。该方法包括制备铜箔袋,用活性材料衬里所述铜箔袋的内部部分以形成阳极袋,在袋内提供被隔板包围的锂基箔阴极。在袋内提供电解质。袋在完成后会密封。
在一些实施例中,所述方法包括将第一电接片作为端子附接到袋内的阴极,并且将电接片布线至袋外部。所述方法可以包括将第二电接片固定到铜箔袋。用绝缘材料涂覆所述铜箔袋的外部也可以是该方法的一部分。
在本公开的另一方面中,包括一种具有铜箔袋的电池单元,所述铜箔袋具有开口端和折叠端和相对的密封在一起的侧面。电池单元包括内衬铜箔袋的活性材料,在袋内的隔板内的一段锂箔,以及固定到锂箔并且可接触袋的外部第一端子。铜箔袋包含电解质,并且在开口端处被密封,并且将锂箔、隔板和电解质封闭在袋内,并且在铜袋和第一端子之间提供工作电压。
在一些实施例中,铜箔具有固定到其的第二端子,并且在第一端子和第二端子之间提供工作电压。一些实施例包括施加到铜箔袋的外部的电绝缘聚合物涂层。
附图说明
图1是根据本公开的方面的袋式电池单元的外部视图。
图2是图1的袋式电池单元的分解透视图。
图3是根据本公开的方面的构造中的袋式电池单元的俯视图。
图4是根据本公开的方面的进一步构造之后的图2的袋式电池单元的俯视图。
图5是根据本公开的方面的袋式电池单元生产过程的流程图。
具体实施方式
在各种实施例中,本公开描述了基于各种电池化学物质的袋型电池单元的构造。本公开并非旨在特定于任何化学物质(除非如此要求保护)。然而,已知本文中使用的方法和结构,在酸化的金属氧化物作为活性电极材料时能很好地发挥作用,诸如在Johnson等人的美国专利号9,786,910中描述的那些(通过引用并入本文)以及相关的材料。
现在参考图1,示出了根据本公开的方面的袋式电池单元100的外部视图。袋式电池单元包括外袋102,其可以包括诸如铜箔的金属箔。在另一实施例中,铜箔可以用聚合物金属化膜代替。这样的膜还可以涂覆有如下所述的外绝缘层。还可以随着足够的外绝缘涂层使用网状集流器(未示出)。
外袋102可以被完全或部分涂覆以覆盖有绝缘涂层108。涂层108可以被配置为符合袋102的形状,并且可以足够地延展以不因袋102的挠曲移动而剥落或破裂。在一实施例中,为了在袋102上形成涂层108,施加诸如聚异丁烯(PIB)的丁基橡胶涂层。可以制备2%PIB/己烷溶液,并将袋102浸渍到其中以得到PIB外涂层108,该PIB外涂层108防止短路并将诸如端子104、106的组件与铜箔电隔离。因此,PIB涂层108形成与袋102的形状相符的袋式电池单元100的壳体。
铜箔袋102上的涂层108可以是透明的,或者可以由各种染料、颜料、油漆或类似的来着色。除了PIB之外的绝缘体也可用于涂层108。分散在溶剂中的聚合物可以形成用于铜箔袋102的绝缘涂层108的基础。在一些实施例中,涂层108被喷涂或涂覆在其上,并且可能被主动地或被动地固化。
袋102设置有可接触外部的阴极端子104和可接触外部的阳极端子106。这些端子还可以表示为正极端子104和负极端子106。端子104、106可以包括镍或不会与其它电池组件产生负面反应的另一种合适的导体。在一些实施例中,端子104、106被超声焊接在适当位置。如图所示,端子104、106是金属接片、夹子或其它紧固件可以选择性地连接到金属接片。然而,应当理解,端子104、106可以采用本领域已知的任何必要的形状和形式,并且对于附接电池单元100作为完整电池的子组件或附接电池单元100到特定的负载而言是有用的。
现在参考图2,示出了图1的袋式电池单元100的分解透视图。图2的分解图示出了电池单元100的各种其他内部组件。如图所示,袋102包括一层铜箔,在其中间附近具有折叠部202。铜箔中的折叠部202形成了两半的袋102,具有相对侧204、206。折叠部202的对面是袋口端208。在袋102的铜箔的内侧是活性材料层210。活性材料层210可以在袋102的两个内侧上,并且与铜箔接触以形成阴极。
活性材料210可以沉积为浆料,然后固化或干燥。活性材料210可以被喷涂。在一些实施例中,施加材料层,可能在它们之间有碳层。为了本公开的目的,活性材料是一种当与袋102的铜箔接触时将形成阴极结构的活性材料,其可与电解质、隔板和阳极一起使用以用作电池单元。
在特定的实施方式中,活性材料210是表面官能化的酸化金属氧化物,如在美国专利号9,786,946中所描述的。活性材料210可以包括例如至少一种固体金属氧化物纳米材料,该固体金属氧化物纳米材料包括酸性但不是超酸性的表面,当干燥后以5wt%再悬浮在水中时,该表面具有pH<5和Hammett函数H0>-12。在一些实施例中,可以说活性材料210包含呈MmOx/G形式的固体金属氧化物纳米材料,其中Mm是金属,Ox是总氧,MmOx是金属氧化物,G是至少一个吸电子表面基团,以及“/”区分金属氧化物和吸电子表面基团,电池电极固体金属氧化物纳米材料当干燥后以5wt%再悬浮在水中时,至少在该表面上具有pH<5和Hammett函数H0>-12。
还应当理解,可以基于本公开内容构建不使用酸性金属氧化物作为活性材料的电池单元。
阴极活性材料210的尺寸、体积或面积可以变化,但是总尺寸对应于电池单元100的总容量。另外,在所示的各种实施例中,在组装完成的电池单元期间,阴极的总尺寸反映在折叠或翻倍中。活性材料的厚度可以变化。在一个实施例中,活性材料以6.49mg/cm2的密度施加。铜箔袋102的端部和侧面可以不含活性材料以允许箔片被折叠和密封(例如,折叠端202、口端208和/或相对侧204、206可以不具有施加在其上的活性材料210)。
为了密封或闭合袋102,单件式或多件式粘合条212可将袋102的两半的边缘结合在一起。粘合条212可以是胶带、胶水或另一粘合剂。可以选择粘合条212使得袋102将密封以容纳电解质和其他内部电池组件而不会溶解粘合条212。在一些实施例中,袋102的铜箔可在折叠部202处被切割以允许更容易地施加粘合条212。
容纳在袋102内的可以是将活性材料210和阳极216夹在中间的隔板214。隔板214可以适合于电池单元100的内部化学性质。在一些实施例中,隔板214包括Targray聚丙烯或聚乙烯。在一些实施例中,隔板214可以是折叠的材料或形成为袋从而完全封闭阳极216,并且使它与作为阴极的活性材料210电接触绝缘。在袋/电池单元组装期间,一段粘合胶带(未示出)或其他装置可以将隔板214固定在阳极216周围的适当位置。胶带或其它绝缘粘合剂还可用于在组装期间防止阳极接片106和铜箔102之间的接触。
阳极216可以是锂基材料。如果使用对应于美国专利号9,786,910中描述的那些活性材料210,则可以安全地使用纯锂箔作为阳极216。在其他实施例中,可以使用其他已知的锂基化合物。在一些实施例中,阳极216具有厚度为约1mm的锂箔。
相容的电解质220可以完成电池单元100,并且可以在最终密封袋102之前将其插入到袋102中。
现在参考图3,示出了袋式电池单元的俯视图,该袋式电池单元在根据本公开的方面的构造中将出现。袋102在折叠部202上展开(或尚未折叠),其中示出了相对侧204、206。活性材料210已被施加到袋102的内表面,具有允许密封袋102的边缘。可能需要从折叠部202周围的区域中去除活性物质,如302所示。
现在参考图4,示出了根据本公开的方面在进一步构造之后的图2的袋式电池单元的俯视图。这里,活性材料210已经从折叠部202周围的区域302移除。这可以通过施加和移除可以将活性材料从袋102拉离的掩蔽胶带来实现。在其他实施例中,可以使用合适的溶剂或其他方法。在袋102在折叠部202处折叠之前,可以沿着相对侧204、206施加一部分粘合条212。
在一些实施例中,袋102的口部208折叠在一起并密封。这可以带有或不带有一部分粘合条212或另一种粘合剂来密封折叠部。
现在参考图5,示出了根据本公开的方面的袋式电池单元生产过程的流程图500。如流程图500所示的方法仅是示例性的。如果采用不同的材料或构造方法,则可以相应地调整构造方法。在步骤510处,制备铜箔袋102。在步骤512处,施加活性材料210。这可能包括确保要密封的边缘处有适当的间隙。在步骤514处,将箔片折叠并密封(例如,用粘合剂密封)为具有开口端208的袋102。在步骤516处,可以将接片或端子104固定到箔片。
在步骤518处,将端子106固定到阳极216。在步骤520处,将阳极包裹在隔板214中。在步骤522处,将阳极放置在袋102中。可以在步骤524处添加电解质。在步骤526处,可以通过折叠、施加粘合剂或其他方法来密封袋102的开口端208。最后,在步骤528处,袋102可以具有施加到其上的涂层108以使袋102绝缘。
如上所述构造袋式电池单元。对完成的袋式电池单元进行测试以确认PIB涂层为袋式电池单元的内部组件提供了足够的电绝缘性和电阻。完成的电池单元还用于为诸如LED的负载供电。
已经产生了具有相似的积极结果的不同大小和容量的其他电池单元。还示出了一种可有效地为诸如LED的负载供电的袋式电池单元,其每侧具有活性材料面积小至2cm x2cm,围绕着1mm厚的1.8cm x 1.8cm锂箔阳极。
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应当理解,术语“包括”、“包含”、“组成”及其语法变体不排除添加一个或多个组件、特征、步骤或其整数或组,并且这些术语应被解释为指定组件、特征、步骤或整数。
如果说明书或权利要求提及“附加”元素,则不排除存在多于一个的附加元素。
应当理解的是,在权利要求或说明书引用“一个(a)”或“一个(an)”元素的情况下,这样的引用不应被解释为仅存在该元素中的一个。
应当理解的是,在说明书中陈述组件、特征、结构或特性“可以(may)”、“可能(might)”、“可以(can)”或“可以(could)”被包括在内,不需要包括该特定的组件、特征、结构或特性。
在适用的情况下,尽管可以使用状态图、流程图或两者来描述实施例,但是本发明不限于那些图或相应的描述。例如,流程不需要移动通过每个示出的框或状态,或者以与示出和描述的完全相同的顺序移动。
本发明的方法可以通过手动、自动或其组合执行或完成所选择的步骤或任务来实现。
术语“方法”可以指用于完成给定任务的方式、装置、技术和过程,包括但不限于本发明所属领域的技术人员已知或从已知的方式、装置、技术和过程开发的那些方式、装置、技术和过程。
术语“至少”后跟数字在本文中用来表示从该数字开始的范围的开始(其可以是具有上限或没有上限的范围,这取决于所定义的变量)。例如,“至少1”表示1或大于1。术语“至多”后跟数字在本文中用来表示从该数字结尾的范围的结尾(其可以是具有1或0为下限的的范围,或可以是没有下限的范围,这取决于所定义的变量)。例如,“至多4”表示4或小于4,而“至多40%”表示40%或小于40%。
在本文档中,当将范围指定为“(第一个数字)至(第二个数字)”或“(第一个数字)-(第二个数字)”时,表示其下限为第一个数字并且其上限为第二个数字的范围。例如,应将25至100解释为下限为25且上限为100的范围。另外,应当注意的是,在给出范围的情况下,除非上下文相反地指出,否则还明确地意指该范围内的每个可能的子范围或间隔。例如,如果说明书指示的范围为25至100,则该范围也旨在包括诸如26-100、27-100等,25-99、25-98等的子范围,以及所述范围内的下限值和上限值的任何其他可能的组合,例如33-47、60-97、41-45、28-96等。请注意,本段中使用的整数范围值仅出于说明的目的,除非明确排除,否则十进制和分数值(例如46.7-91.3)也应理解为旨在作为可能的子范围端点。
应当注意的是,在本文中参考包括两个或更多个定义的步骤的方法时,所定义的步骤可以以任何顺序或同时执行(除非上下文排除该可能性),并且该方法还可以包括一个或多个其他步骤,在任何已定义步骤之前,两个已定义步骤之间或在所有已定义步骤之后执行(除非上下文排除了这种可能性)。
此外,应注意,除非本文另外指出,否则应根据在相关领域中使用的它们的普通和惯用含义来解释近似术语(例如,“大约”、“基本上”、“近似”等)。在本公开内容中没有具体定义,并且在相关技术中缺乏常规和习惯用法时,这些术语应解释为基本值的正负10%。
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因此,本发明非常适合于实现上述目的并达到上述目的和优点以及其中固有的目的和优点。尽管已经参考与附图相关的某些优选实施例在本文中描述和示出了本发明的装置,但是本领域普通技术人员可以在其中进行各种改变和进一步的修改,除了本文中示出或建议的那些以外。在不脱离本发明构思的精神的情况下,其范围由所附权利要求书确定。
Claims (20)
1.一种袋式电池单元,包括:
形成袋的铜箔;
与所述袋内的所述铜箔相邻的活性材料层与所述铜形成阳极;
在所述袋内的锂基阴极;
隔板,所述隔板介于所述一个活性材料层和所述锂基阴极之间;以及
电解质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的袋式电池单元,其中,活性材料包括酸化金属氧化物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的袋式电池单元,其中,所述活性材料以约6.49mg/cm2的密度施加在所述袋内的至少一层中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的袋式电池单元,其中,所述隔板包括包含所述锂基阴极的袋。
5.根据权利要求4所述的袋式电池单元,其中,所述隔板包括聚丙烯。
6.根据权利要求5所述的袋式电池单元,其中,所述袋包括被折叠以形成所述袋的整体铜箔段。
7.根据权利要求6所述的袋式电池单元,其中,所述铜箔段具有形成所述袋的底部的折叠边缘,并且与所述折叠边缘的底部相邻的所述袋的相对侧被密封在一起。
8.根据权利要求7所述的袋式电池单元,还包括第一端子接片,所述第一端子接片电连接到所述锂基阴极并且可接触所述袋的外部。
9.根据权利要求8所述的袋式电池单元,还包括第二端子接片,所述第二端子接片电连接到所述铜箔袋。
10.根据权利要求9所述的袋式电池单元,其中,所述锂基阴极是锂箔。
11.根据权利要求10所述的袋式电池单元,其中,所述锂基阴极由金属锂组成。
12.根据权利要求11所述的袋式电池单元,还包括施加到所述铜箔袋的外部的绝缘层。
13.根据权利要求12所述的袋式电池单元,其中,所述绝缘层包括聚异丁烯。
14.一种形成电池单元的方法,包括:
制备铜箔袋;
用活性材料衬里所述铜箔袋的内部部分以形成阳极袋;
在所述袋内提供被隔板包围的锂基箔阴极;
在所述袋内提供电解质;以及
密封所述袋。
15.权利要求14所述的方法,还包括提供将第一电接片作为端子附接到所述袋内的所述阴极,并且将所述电接片布线至所述袋外部。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,还包括将第二电接片固定到所述铜箔袋。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法,还包括用绝缘材料涂覆所述铜箔袋的外部。
18.一种电池单元,包括:
铜箔袋,所述铜箔袋具有开口端和折叠端和相对的密封在一起的侧面;
内衬所述铜箔袋的活性材料;
在所述袋内的隔板内的一段锂箔;
第一端子,所述第一端子固定到所述锂箔并且可接触所述袋的外部;
其中,所述铜箔袋包含电解质;以及
其中,所述铜箔袋在所述开口端处被密封,并且将所述锂箔、隔板和电解质封闭在所述袋内,并且在所述铜袋和所述第一端子之间提供工作电压。
19.根据权利要求18所述的电池单元,其中,所述铜箔具有固定到其的第二端子,并且在所述第一端子和所述第二端子之间提供所述工作电压。
20.根据权利要求19所述的电池单元,还包括施加到所述铜箔袋的外部的电绝缘聚合物涂层。
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CA3117215A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
KR20210078543A (ko) | 2021-06-28 |
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EP3871287A1 (en) | 2021-09-01 |
US11482752B2 (en) | 2022-10-25 |
US20230078781A1 (en) | 2023-03-16 |
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