CN112886820A - 一种谐振电路变换器及控制方法 - Google Patents

一种谐振电路变换器及控制方法 Download PDF

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CN112886820A
CN112886820A CN202010154926.1A CN202010154926A CN112886820A CN 112886820 A CN112886820 A CN 112886820A CN 202010154926 A CN202010154926 A CN 202010154926A CN 112886820 A CN112886820 A CN 112886820A
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resonant circuit
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陶顺祝
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33571Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0009Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01Resonant DC/DC converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0025Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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Abstract

本发明公开一种谐振电路变换器及控制方法,包括:谐振电路、主环能量检测电路以及双端PWM控制电路,主环能量检测电路包括:主环电流采集整流器、电流比较器以及电流斜坡补偿电路;双端PWM控制电路包括:电压比较器、OSC振荡器以及PWM分相控制器。本发明在保证谐振电路电子开关ZVS开通的条件下,采用PWM控制方式完成对输出电压V0的调控;使谐振电路的主环路电流的瞬态控制特性、电压调整率、负载调整率等同于电流型PWM控制电路在硬开关变换电路状态下的输出特性。

Description

一种谐振电路变换器及控制方法
技术领域
本发明属于非线性控制技术,具体涉及一种谐振电路变换器及控制方法。
背景技术
现有的谐振电路包括串联谐振电路、并联谐振电路、串并联谐振电路、LLC谐振电路等。
在谐振电路中,控制开关管调节输出电压时,可通过脉冲频率调制(PulseFrequency Modulation,PFM)来调节谐振电路的输出电压,也可通过脉冲宽度调制(PulseWidth Modulation,PWM)来调节谐振电路的输出电压,也可同时采用两种调制方法相结合,即脉冲宽度频率调制(PWM-PFM)来调节谐振电路的输出电压。
为了改善谐振变换电路的输出特性,在一些专利,如:CN201010134302.X、CN201010213382、CNl01969303B、CN1885699A、CN109194111a中,采取PFM+PWM控制方式,这种方式虽然解决了LLC变换器在微能量变换状态下PWM方式的电压调控问题,但是,谐振电路在PWM状态下电子开关丧失了ZVS的条件。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提出了一种谐振电路变换器及控制方法。
为了达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种谐振电路变换器,包括:
谐振电路;
主环能量检测电路,包括:主环电流采集整流器、电流比较器以及电流斜坡补偿电路,主环电流采集整流器的输入端逐脉冲采集谐振电路主环路电流Ip,主环电流采集整流器的输出端分别与电流斜坡补偿电路的输入端以及电流比较器的其中一个输入端电连接,且电流比较器的另一输入端与基准电压Vf电连接;
双端PWM控制电路,包括:电压比较器、OSC振荡器以及PWM分相控制器,电压比较器的其中一个输入端与电流斜坡补偿电路的输出端电连接,电压比较器的另一输入端与谐振电路的输出电压Vo电连接,OSC振荡器的复位端和电流比较器的输出端电连接,电压比较器的输出端以及OSC振荡器的输出端分别与PWM分相控制器的两个输入端电连接,PWM分相控制器输出驱动脉冲ton1和驱动脉冲ton2,驱动脉冲tonl用于驱动谐振电路内的电子开关S1,驱动脉冲ton2用于驱动谐振电路内的电子开关S2。
在上述技术方案的基础上,还可做如下改进:
作为优选的方案,OSC振荡器的最低振荡频率fm小于谐振电路主环路的中心频率fo。
作为优选的方案,谐振电路为串联谐振电路、并联谐振电路、串并联谐振电路和LLC谐振电路中的一种或多种。
作为优选的方案,谐振电路的拓扑结构可以为全桥结构、半桥结构、推挽结构中的一种或多种。
本发明还公开谐振电路变换器控制方法,利用谐振电路变换器对谐振电路的输出特征进行控制,通过改变谐振电路电子开关S1的驱动脉冲ton1宽度和电子开关S2的驱动脉冲ton2宽度来调控谐振电路的输出电压Vo。
作为优选的方案,PWM分相控制器输出的驱动脉冲tonl和驱动脉冲ton2,其开通脉冲受控于电流比较器的输出脉冲Ip23。
作为优选的方案,主环电流采集整流器的输入端逐脉冲采集谐振电路主环路电流Ip,整流输出电压信号Ip21至电流比较器的其中一个输入端,且与电流比较器另一个输入端的基准电压Vf相比较;
当Ip21小于Vf时,电流比较器的输出端输出脉冲Ip23至OSC振荡器的复位端,OSC振荡器复位,OSC振荡器的输出端经过死区时间td后,输出脉冲Ip32至PWM分相控制器的一个输入端;
PWM分相控制器将脉冲Ip32作为下半个周期驱动脉冲tonl和驱动脉冲ton2的开通脉冲输出,谐振电路下半个周期所对应的电子开关ZVS开通。
作为优选的方案,OSC振荡器的死区时间td小于主环电流采集整流器输出端波形tzvs时间。
作为优选的方案,PWM分相控制器输出的驱动脉冲ton1和驱动脉冲ton2,其截至脉冲受控于电流斜坡补偿电路的输出脉冲Ip22和输出Vo的比值。
作为优选的方案,当电流斜坡补偿电路的输出脉冲Ip22大于Vo时,电压比较器的输出端输出脉冲Vp31至PWM分相控制器的另一个输入端,PWM分相控制器将脉冲Vp31作为正在开通的半个周期驱动脉冲tonl和驱动脉冲ton2的截至脉冲输出,谐振电路正在开通的半个周期所对应的电子开关关闭;
谐振电路完成了对输出电压Vo的PWM调控。
本发明公开一种谐振电路变换器及控制方法,采用PWM方式调控电子开关S1的驱动脉冲ton1和电子开关S2的驱动脉冲ton2,在保证谐振电路电子开关ZVS开通的条件下,采用PWM控制方式完成对输出电压V0的调控;使谐振电路的主环路电流的瞬态控制特性、电压调整率、负载调整率等同于电流型PWM控制电路在硬开关变换电路状态下的输出特性。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的谐振电路变换器的电路框图。
图2为本发明实施例提供的各脉冲示意图;
图2(A)为脉冲Ip21的脉冲时序图;
图2(B)为脉冲Ip22的脉冲时序图;
图2(C)为脉冲Ip23的脉冲时序图;
图2(D)为OSC振荡器的脉冲时序图;
图2(E)为脉冲Ip32的脉冲时序图;
图2(F)为脉冲Vp31的脉冲时序图;
图2(G)为驱动脉冲ton1或驱动脉冲ton2的脉冲时序图。
其中:1-谐振电路,2-主环能量检测电路,21-主环电流采集整流器,22-电流斜坡补偿电路,23-电流比较器,3-双端PWM控制电路,31-电压比较器,32-OSC振荡器,33-PWM分相控制器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的优选实施方式。
为了达到本发明的目的,一种谐振电路变换器及控制方法的其中一些实施例中,如图1所示,一种谐振电路变换器包括:
谐振电路1;
主环能量检测电路2,包括:主环电流采集整流器21、电流比较器23(Comp2)以及电流斜坡补偿电路22,主环电流采集整流器21的输入端逐脉冲采集谐振电路主环路电流Ip,主环电流采集整流器21的输出端分别与电流斜坡补偿电路22的输入端以及电流比较器23的其中一个输入端电连接,且电流比较器23的另一输入端与基准电压Vf电连接;
双端PWM控制电路3,包括:电压比较器31(Comp1)、OSC振荡器32以及PWM分相控制器33,电压比较器31的其中一个输入端与电流斜坡补偿电路22的输出端电连接,电压比较器31的另一输入端与谐振电路1的输出电压Vo电连接,OSC振荡器32的复位端和电流比较器23的输出端电连接,电压比较器31的输出端以及OSC振荡器32的输出端分别与PWM分相控制器33的两个输入端电连接,PWM分相控制器33输出驱动脉冲ton1和驱动脉冲ton2,驱动脉冲ton1用于驱动谐振电路1内的电子开关S1,驱动脉冲ton2用于驱动谐振电路1内的电子开关S2。
为了进一步地优化本发明的实施效果,在另外一些实施方式中,其余特征技术相同,不同之处在于,OSC振荡器32的最低振荡频率fm小于谐振电路主环路的中心频率fo。
为了进一步地优化本发明的实施效果,在另外一些实施方式中,其余特征技术相同,不同之处在于,谐振电路1为串联谐振电路、并联谐振电路、串并联谐振电路和LLC谐振电路中的一种或多种。
为了进一步地优化本发明的实施效果,在另外一些实施方式中,其余特征技术相同,不同之处在于,谐振电路1的拓扑结构可以为全桥结构、半桥结构、推挽结构中的一种或多种。
本发明还公开谐振电路变换器控制方法,利用谐振电路变换器对谐振电路1的输出特征进行控制,通过改变谐振电路电子开关S1的驱动脉冲ton1宽度和电子开关S2的驱动脉冲ton2宽度来调控谐振电路1的输出电压Vo。
为了进一步地优化本发明的实施效果,在另外一些实施方式中,其余特征技术相同,不同之处在于,PWM分相控制器33输出的驱动脉冲tonl和驱动脉冲ton2,其开通脉冲受控于电流比较器23的输出脉冲Ip23(如图2(C)所示)。
进一步,主环电流采集整流器21的输入端逐脉冲采集谐振电路主环路电流Ip,整流输出电压信号Ip21(如图2(A)所示)至电流比较器23的其中一个输入端,且与电流比较器23另一个输入端的基准电压Vf相比较;
当Ip21小于Vf时,电流比较器23的输出端输出脉冲Ip23(如图2(C)所示)至OSC振荡器32(如图2(D)所示)的复位端,OSC振荡器32复位,OSC振荡器32的输出端经过死区时间td后,输出脉冲Ip32(如图2(E)所示)至PWM分相控制器33的一个输入端;
PWM分相控制器33将脉冲Ip32作为下半个周期驱动脉冲ton1和驱动脉冲ton2的开通脉冲(如图2(G)所示)输出,谐振电路下半个周期所对应的电子开关ZVS开通。
进一步,OSC振荡器32的死区时间td小于主环电流采集整流器21输出端波形tzvs时间。
进一步,PWM分相控制器33输出的驱动脉冲ton1和驱动脉冲ton2,其截至脉冲受控于电流斜坡补偿电路22的输出脉冲Ip22和输出Vo的比值(如图2(B)所示)。
进一步,当电流斜坡补偿电路22的输出脉冲Ip22(如图2(B)所示)大于Vo时,电压比较器31的输出端输出脉冲Vp31(如图2(F)所示)至PWM分相控制器33的另一个输入端,PWM分相控制器33将脉冲Vp31(如图2(F)所示)作为正在开通的半个周期驱动脉冲tonl和驱动脉冲ton2的截至脉冲(如图2(G)所示)输出,谐振电路正在开通的半个周期所对应的电子开关关闭;
谐振电路完成了对输出电压Vo的PWM调控。
以上多种实施方式可交叉并行实现。
本发明公开一种谐振电路变换器及控制方法,采用PWM方式调控电子开关S1的驱动脉冲ton1和电子开关S2的驱动脉冲ton2,在保证谐振电路电子开关ZVS开通的条件下,采用PWM控制方式完成对输出电压V0的调控;使谐振电路的主环路电流的瞬态控制特性、电压调整率、负载调整率等同于电流型PWM控制电路在硬开关变换电路状态下的输出特性。
避免了背景技术在谐振电路采用PFM+PWM两种控制方法混合使用中,所导致空载或轻载状态下谐振电路变换效率降低、主环路电流失控的问题。
对于本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种谐振电路变换器,包括:谐振电路,其特征在于,还包括:
主环能量检测电路,包括:主环电流采集整流器、电流比较器以及电流斜坡补偿电路,所述主环电流采集整流器的输入端逐脉冲采集所述谐振电路主环路电流Ip,所述主环电流采集整流器的输出端分别与所述电流斜坡补偿电路的输入端以及电流比较器的其中一个输入端电连接,且所述电流比较器的另一输入端与基准电压Vf电连接;
双端PWM控制电路,包括:电压比较器、OSC振荡器以及PWM分相控制器,所述电压比较器的其中一个输入端与所述电流斜坡补偿电路的输出端电连接,所述电压比较器的另一输入端与所述谐振电路的输出电压Vo电连接,所述OSC振荡器的复位端和所述电流比较器的输出端电连接,所述电压比较器的输出端以及OSC振荡器的输出端分别与PWM分相控制器的两个输入端电连接,所述PWM分相控制器输出驱动脉冲tonl和驱动脉冲ton2,所述驱动脉冲ton1用于驱动所述谐振电路内的电子开关S1,所述驱动脉冲ton2用于驱动所述谐振电路内的电子开关S2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的谐振电路变换器,其特征在于,所述OSC振荡器的最低振荡频率fm小于所述谐振电路主环路的中心频率fo。
3.根据权利要求1所述的谐振电路变换器,其特征在于,所述谐振电路为串联谐振电路、并联谐振电路、串并联谐振电路和LLC谐振电路中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的谐振电路变换器,其特征在于,所述谐振电路的拓扑结构可以为全桥结构、半桥结构、推挽结构中的一种或多种。
5.谐振电路变换器控制方法,其特征在于,利用如权利要求1-4任一项所述的谐振电路变换器对谐振电路的输出特征进行控制,通过改变所述谐振电路电子开关S1的驱动脉冲ton1宽度和电子开关S2的驱动脉冲ton2宽度来调控所述谐振电路的输出电压Vo。
6.根据权利要求5所述的谐振电路变换器控制方法,其特征在于,所述PWM分相控制器输出的驱动脉冲ton1和驱动脉冲ton2,其开通脉冲受控于所述电流比较器的输出脉冲Ip23。
7.根据权利要求6所述的谐振电路变换器控制方法,其特征在于,主环电流采集整流器的输入端逐脉冲采集谐振电路主环路电流Ip,整流输出电压信号Ip21至电流比较器的其中一个输入端,且与所述电流比较器另一个输入端的基准电压Vf相比较;
当Ip21小于Vf时,所述电流比较器的输出端输出脉冲Ip23至OSC振荡器的复位端,OSC振荡器复位,所述OSC振荡器的输出端经过死区时间td后,输出脉冲Ip32至所述PWM分相控制器的一个输入端;
所述PWM分相控制器将脉冲Ip32作为下半个周期驱动脉冲tonl和驱动脉冲ton2的开通脉冲输出,所述谐振电路下半个周期所对应的电子开关ZVS开通。
8.根据权利要求6所述的谐振电路变换器控制方法,其特征在于,所述OSC振荡器的死区时间td小于所述主环电流采集整流器输出端波形tzvs时间。
9.根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的谐振电路变换器控制方法,其特征在于,所述PWM分相控制器输出的驱动脉冲ton1和驱动脉冲ton2,其截至脉冲受控于所述电流斜坡补偿电路的输出脉冲Ip22和输出Vo的比值。
10.根据权利要求9所述的谐振电路变换器控制方法,其特征在于,当所述电流斜坡补偿电路的输出脉冲Ip22大于Vo时,所述电压比较器的输出端输出脉冲Vp31至所述PWM分相控制器的另一个输入端,所述PWM分相控制器将脉冲Vp31作为正在开通的半个周期驱动脉冲ton1和驱动脉冲ton2的截至脉冲输出,所述谐振电路正在开通的半个周期所对应的电子开关关闭;
所述谐振电路完成了对输出电压Vo的PWM调控。
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