CN112840931A - Method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land and application thereof and ginger harvesting method - Google Patents
Method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land and application thereof and ginger harvesting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112840931A CN112840931A CN201911185997.1A CN201911185997A CN112840931A CN 112840931 A CN112840931 A CN 112840931A CN 201911185997 A CN201911185997 A CN 201911185997A CN 112840931 A CN112840931 A CN 112840931A
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- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
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- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 244000273928 Zingiber officinale Species 0.000 title 2
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000234314 Zingiber Species 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 claims abstract description 140
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- MZILPZDBVFUXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([S])=O Chemical compound [O-][N+]([S])=O MZILPZDBVFUXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D91/00—Methods for harvesting agricultural products
- A01D91/02—Products growing in the soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, and particularly discloses a method for interplanting ginger in a pepper cultivation land, application of the method and a ginger harvesting method, wherein the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that ginger is interplanted in a pepper cultivation land, the distance between the ginger and the pepper tree trunk is 0.7-0.9 m, the plant spacing of the crown of the pepper is controlled to be 2.0-2.5 m, the row spacing is 3.0-4.0 m, the height of the ginger is controlled to be 40-50 cm, reasonable close planting is ensured through interplantation by utilizing the biological characteristics of yang preference of pepper and yin tolerance of ginger, the yield of the ginger is improved, the growth period of the pepper is longer than that of the ginger, the ginger can be harvested before the pepper is harvested, the ginger can be harvested continuously after the pepper is mature, both short-term and long-term economic benefits are taken into consideration, the yield of unit land area is improved, and the problem that most of the existing pepper cultivation modes are single cultivation and.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for interplanting ginger in a pepper planting field, application of the method and a ginger harvesting method.
Background
The pepper is deciduous shrub or small arbor of Zanthoxylum of Rutaceae, with thorns on stem and branch, plant height up to 7 m, deep root system development, strong ecological adaptability, suitability for warm and humid soil and deep soil layer loam and sandy loam, cold resistance, drought resistance, barren resistance, strong disease resistance and the like, because the pepper is a tree with shallow root and is barren-resistant and has no strict requirement on soil, and the general pH value can be planted within the range of 6.5-8.0.
In the existing pepper planting mode, the pepper is usually pure forest, large-area and single cultivation is mainly adopted, namely cultivation is carried out after soil preparation is carried out on pepper cultivation fields, the pepper cultivation fields can be generally divided into flat lands and mountain lands, soil preparation methods of different fields are different, the soil preparation method of the flat lands can be divided into blocks, strips and comprehensive soil preparation, the soil preparation method of the mountain cultivation fields is mainly based on the strip soil preparation, but the ditch direction is parallel to the contour line so as to avoid water and soil loss disasters.
However, most of the existing pepper planting modes are single cultivation, large idle lands appear among plants, the land utilization efficiency is reduced, no benefit is generated in the first three years after planting, and the problem of low economic benefit is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a method for interplanting ginger in a pepper cultivation land, application of the method and a ginger harvesting method, and aims to solve the problems that most of the existing pepper cultivation modes proposed in the background art are single cultivation and have low economic benefit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a method for interplanting ginger in a pepper cultivation place comprises the following steps:
1) planting the peppers in a pepper planting field, wherein the planting density of the peppers is (2.2-2.8) m x (2.5-3.5) m;
2) after the peppers are planted, the ginger is interplanted in the pepper planting land, the planting density of the ginger is (20-25) cm x (20-25) cm, and the distance between the ginger and the trunks of the peppers is 0.7-0.9 m, so that the roots of the peppers are prevented from being damaged during cultivation;
3) and pruning branches and leaves in the ginger growth process to keep the plant height of the ginger less than 50 cm so as to prevent competition for ecological resources with pepper.
The quality and the yield of the ginger are improved by fully utilizing ecological resources, the pepper has deep root systems which are small trees and are fond of yang, the root systems of the ginger are shallow and are herbaceous and resistant to yin, the resource positions of the root systems of the two plants in a soil layer are separated, nutrient competition is reduced, the shady environment is formed by utilizing the height of pepper plants, the growth period of the ginger is shortened, and the quality and the yield of the ginger are improved.
As a further scheme of the invention: before pepper planting, the method also comprises land selection and land preparation, wherein the land selection is to select sandy soil with alkaline pH, and the land preparation at least comprises the steps of removing weeds, deeply loosening and crushing soil.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the planting time of the ginger is 4-5 months per year.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and performing field management in the growth process of the ginger and the pepper, wherein the field management comprises the steps of reseeding, artificial weeding, pruning, pest control and the like.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the reseeding is to select ginger which is strong in growth, free from diseases and fat and bright as a seed source; after planting, if the ginger does not sprout, replanting in sunny and warm weather, dividing the ginger with promoted sprouts into small seed blocks, and preferably 1-2 obese sprouts of each seed block.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the artificial weeding adopts an artificial mode to remove weeds, when the weeds grow to 15-20 cm, the weeds are pulled out manually, and the ginger is a short-stalk crop, so that the weeds are removed manually. Specifically, the ginger is interplanted in the pepper cultivation land, weeds can be inhibited, the growth of the weeds is controlled by using biological competitive advantages, the weeding time of the ginger growth land in the later period is reduced, and the weeding cost is reduced.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the pruning is to control the plant spacing of the crown of the pepper to be 2.0-2.5 meters and the row spacing to be 3.0-4.0 meters by pruning, and to control the height of the ginger to be 40-50 centimeters.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the pest control is to control ginger rot, spot, anthracnose and the like, 90 percent of 800-fold liquid of trichlorfon and 900-fold liquid is sprayed in the peak period of egg hatching for control, and agricultural control measures such as applying 30-40 kg of lime hydrate and the like to each mu of land can be adopted. The pepper has strong disease resistance, and volatile components of the pepper can provide protection for the ginger and reduce the occurrence rate of diseases and insect pests of the ginger.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and pruning branches and leaves in the growth process of the pepper to keep the plant spacing of the crown of the pepper to be 2.0-2.5 meters and the row spacing to be 3.0-4.0 meters, thereby ensuring the lighting requirement of the ginger.
As a still further scheme of the invention: before interplanting the ginger, fertilizing the pepper cultivation land by using a biological organic fertilizer according to the proportion of 400-600 kg/hectare.
Preferably, before interplanting ginger, rotten livestock and poultry manure is used as a base fertilizer to fertilize the pepper cultivation land, and the dosage per hectare is 400-600 kg.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and after the ginger is interplanted for 38-42 days, topdressing is carried out by using a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the additional fertilizer is applied by using the nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer 38-42 days after the ginger is planted, and 0.08-0.12 kg of the nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer is used in each hole.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer is Kao-Pho high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer, is purchased from Guizhou Kao-Pho Limited liability company, and contains N: P2O5:K2The ratio of O is 1:1: 1.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and 4) performing artificial weeding before topdressing, wherein the artificial weeding adopts an artificial mode to remove weeds, and when the weeds grow to 15-20 cm, the weeds are manually removed.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and supplementing water to 35-40% when the water content of the soil in the ginger growth period is lower than 30%.
The embodiment of the invention also aims to provide application of the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land in crop interplanting.
Another object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a ginger harvesting method, including the following steps: harvesting in 6-7 months during the growth period of rhizoma Zingiberis recens planted by the method of interplanting rhizoma Zingiberis recens in the above fructus Zanthoxyli cultivation land.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method for interplanting ginger in a pepper cultivation land, which utilizes the biological characteristics of yang preference of pepper and yin tolerance of ginger, ensures reasonable close planting by interplanting, is favorable for improving the yield of ginger and improving the stability of a farmland ecosystem, can be used for harvesting ginger before pepper is harvested because the growth period of pepper is longer than that of ginger, can be used for continuously harvesting ginger after being mature, gives consideration to short-term and long-term economic benefits, is favorable for improving the yield value of unit land area, solves the problem that most of the existing pepper planting modes are single cultivation, have low economic benefit, and has wide market prospect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for interplanting ginger in a pepper cultivation land is implemented in the northern Pan river town of Zhefeng county, soil mainly comprises limestone soil which takes limestone as a parent soil, the soil is neutral and alkaline, the soil layer thickness is more than 30cm, the implementation area is 500 mu, and the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land mainly comprises the following steps:
1) land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy soil with sufficient illumination, good drainage and alkaline pH, removing weeds, deeply loosening and crushing soil;
2) controlling planting density: the planting density of the pepper is 2.2 meters multiplied by 2.5 meters, the planting density of the ginger is 25 centimeters multiplied by 22 centimeters, the distance between the ginger and the pepper tree trunk is 0.8 meter, and the root system of the pepper is prevented from being damaged during cultivation;
3) applying a base fertilizer: after the ginger is planted in 4 months, in the middle and last ten days of rain, decomposed pig manure is used as a base fertilizer, and the dosage per hectare is 400 kg;
4) plant control: the height of the ginger is controlled within 50 cm so as to prevent competition for ecological resources with the pepper, and the crown of the pepper is controlled within 2.5 m multiplied by 3.5 m so as to ensure the lighting requirement of the ginger;
5) and (3) water and fertilizer application: after 38 days of ginger planting, a compound fertilizer (Kaiping high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer, purchased from Guizhou Kaiping Limited liability company, N: P in the nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer2O5:K2The proportion of O is 1:1:1), each hole is 0.08 kg, weeds are manually removed before each topdressing, and when the water content of soil in the growth period of the ginger is lower than 30%, water is timely supplemented to 40%;
6) field management: adopts the measures of reseeding, artificial weeding, pruning, pest control and the like.
In the embodiment, the reseeding is to select ginger which is robust in growth, free from diseases and fresh and bright in obesity as a seed source; after planting, if the ginger does not sprout, replanting in sunny and warm weather, namely dividing the ginger which has accelerated sprouting into small seed blocks for replanting.
In this embodiment, the artificial weeding is to remove the weeds manually, and when the weeds grow to 15 cm, the weeds are pulled out manually, and because the ginger is a short stalk crop, the weeds are removed manually.
In this embodiment, the pruning is to control the plant spacing and row spacing of the crown of zanthoxylum bungeanum through pruning, and control the height of the ginger.
In this embodiment, the pest control is to control ginger rot, spot, anthracnose, etc., and the control is performed by spraying 800 times of 90% dipterex liquid at the peak of hatching of ova, or by taking agricultural control measures such as applying 30 kg of slaked lime per mu, specifically, the 90% dipterex can be 90% (original drug) dipterex produced by fengyuan pesticide limited company, proud county, south of the river, and can be used by diluting 800 times.
In the embodiment, the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land is applied to crop interplanting, and reasonable close planting is ensured by utilizing two plants which belong to the category of Happy Yang and tolerant Yin respectively for interplanting, so that the yield value of a unit land area is improved.
In this embodiment, a ginger harvesting method includes the following steps: and (3) harvesting in the 6 th month in the growth period of the ginger planted by the method for interplanting the ginger in the pepper cultivation land.
In the embodiment, during the pepper planting process in the pepper planting field, firstly, selected pepper seedlings are required to ensure that stems are straight, thick and symmetrical, the root systems are ensured to be developed sufficiently, meanwhile, main roots are required to be short and thick, side roots and fibrous roots are required to be as many as possible, terminal buds are required to be plump, seedlings are not damaged by diseases and insects, and are not damaged by any machinery, then, the pepper seedlings are selected to be planted in spring when the buds begin to sprout, before the pepper seedlings are planted, the stems are determined and the tips are cut off, in order to prevent the water on the leaf surfaces from evaporating, partial branches and leaves can be properly cut off, and therefore, the pepper seedlings can survive after being planted.
In the embodiment, the pepper is planted in the pepper planting land according to a conventional method, and generally, planting points are determined according to the planting density, and the depth of each planting hole is required to be about 70cm, and the diameter is required to be about 60 cm. When digging a hole, separately stacking surface soil and deep soil within 30cm of the surface layer, mixing the soil with farmyard manure, mixing the deep soil and the farmyard manure during planting, uniformly stirring, backfilling the soil to the bottom of the hole, treading the seedlings to be firm, putting the seedlings into the hole, ensuring the root system to be unfolded, and covering the smashed surface soil on the root of the seedlings.
In this embodiment, the fertilization management can be mainly divided into a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer. Before interplanting of ginger, thoroughly decomposed livestock and poultry manure is used as a base fertilizer in the pepper cultivation land, the using amount of the manure is 400 kg per hectare, after the ginger is planted for 38 days, a nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is used for topdressing, and 0.08 kg of the nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer is used per hole. During field management, the pepper has small water demand, but water is needed to be poured once before the flowering phase, the autumn fertilization phase, the freezing phase and the germination phase of each year, so that sufficient water is provided for the growth of the pepper in the water-requiring phase. Common plant diseases and insect pests of the pepper include root rot, rust disease, plaster disease, tiger longhorn beetle, pepper aphid, pepper flea beetle and the like, and the prevention and control are carried out by adopting the means in the prior art.
Example 2
A method for interplanting ginger in a pepper cultivation land is implemented in the northern Pan river town of Zhefeng county, soil mainly comprises limestone soil which takes limestone as a parent soil, the soil is neutral and alkaline, the soil layer thickness is more than 30cm, the implementation area is 500 mu, and the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land mainly comprises the following steps:
1) land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy soil with sufficient illumination, good drainage and alkaline pH, removing weeds, deeply loosening and crushing soil;
2) controlling planting density: the planting density of the pepper is 2.5 meters multiplied by 3 meters, the planting density of the ginger is 25 centimeters multiplied by 22 centimeters, the distance between the ginger and the pepper tree trunk is 0.8 meter, and the root system of the pepper is prevented from being damaged during cultivation;
3) applying a base fertilizer: after the ginger is planted in 4 months, in the middle and last ten days of rain, decomposed pig manure is used as a base fertilizer, and the using amount of the fertilizer per hectare is 500 kg;
4) plant control: the height of the ginger is controlled within 50 cm so as to prevent competition for ecological resources with the pepper, and the crown of the pepper is controlled within 2.5 m multiplied by 3.5 m so as to ensure the lighting requirement of the ginger;
5) and (3) water and fertilizer application: after 40 days of ginger planting, a compound fertilizer (Kaiping high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer, purchased from Guizhou Kaiping Limited liability company, N: P in the nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer2O5:K2The proportion of O is 1:1:1), each hole is 0.1 kg, weeds are manually removed before each topdressing, and when the water content of soil in the growth period of the ginger is lower than 30%, water is timely supplemented to 40%;
6) field management: adopts the measures of reseeding, artificial weeding, pruning, pest control and the like.
In the embodiment, the reseeding is to select ginger which is robust in growth, free from diseases and fresh and bright in obesity as a seed source; after planting, if the ginger does not sprout, replanting in sunny and warm weather, namely dividing the ginger which has accelerated sprouting into small seed blocks for replanting.
In this embodiment, the artificial weeding is to remove the weeds manually, and when the weeds grow to 15 cm, the weeds are pulled out manually, and because the ginger is a short stalk crop, the weeds are removed manually.
In this embodiment, the pruning is to control the plant spacing and row spacing of the crown of zanthoxylum bungeanum through pruning, and control the height of the ginger.
In this embodiment, the pest control is to control ginger rot, spot, anthracnose, etc., and the control is performed by spraying 900 times of a solution of 90% trichlorfon at the peak of hatching of ova, or by taking agricultural control measures such as applying 40 kg of slaked lime per mu, specifically, the 90% trichlorfon may be 90% (original drug) of trichlorfon produced by fengyuan pesticide limited company, prowa county, province, of south of the river, and the application of the solution may be performed by diluting 900 times.
In the embodiment, the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land is applied to crop interplanting, and reasonable close planting is ensured by utilizing two plants which belong to the category of Happy Yang and tolerant Yin respectively for interplanting, so that the yield value of a unit land area is improved.
In this embodiment, a ginger harvesting method includes the following steps: and (3) harvesting in the 7 th month in the growth period of the ginger planted by the method for interplanting the ginger in the pepper cultivation land.
In the embodiment, during the pepper planting process in the pepper planting field, firstly, selected pepper seedlings are required to ensure that stems are straight, thick and symmetrical, the root systems are ensured to be developed sufficiently, meanwhile, main roots are required to be short and thick, side roots and fibrous roots are required to be as many as possible, terminal buds are required to be plump, seedlings are not damaged by diseases and insects, and are not damaged by any machinery, then, the pepper seedlings are selected to be planted in spring when the buds begin to sprout, before the pepper seedlings are planted, the stems are determined and the tips are cut off, in order to prevent the water on the leaf surfaces from evaporating, partial branches and leaves can be properly cut off, and therefore, the pepper seedlings can survive after being planted.
In the embodiment, the pepper is planted in the pepper planting land according to a conventional method, and generally, planting points are determined according to the planting density, and the depth of each planting hole is required to be about 70cm, and the diameter is required to be about 60 cm. When digging a hole, separately stacking surface soil and deep soil within 30cm of the surface layer, mixing the soil with farmyard manure, mixing the deep soil and the farmyard manure during planting, uniformly stirring, backfilling the soil to the bottom of the hole, treading the seedlings to be firm, putting the seedlings into the hole, ensuring the root system to be unfolded, and covering the smashed surface soil on the root of the seedlings.
Example 3
A method for interplanting ginger in a pepper cultivation land is implemented in the northern Pan river town of Zhefeng county, soil mainly comprises limestone soil which takes limestone as a parent soil, the soil is neutral and alkaline, the soil layer thickness is more than 30cm, the implementation area is 500 mu, and the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land mainly comprises the following steps:
1) land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy soil with sufficient illumination, good drainage and alkaline pH, removing weeds, deeply loosening and crushing soil;
2) controlling planting density: the planting density of the pepper is 2.8 meters multiplied by 3.5 meters, the planting density of the ginger is 25 centimeters multiplied by 22 centimeters, the distance between the ginger and the pepper tree trunk is 0.8 meter, and the root system of the pepper is prevented from being damaged during cultivation;
3) applying a base fertilizer: after the ginger is planted in 4 months, in the middle and last ten days of rain, the rotten pig manure is used as a base fertilizer, and the using amount per hectare is 600 kg;
4) plant control: the height of the ginger is controlled within 50 cm so as to prevent competition for ecological resources with the pepper, and the crown of the pepper is controlled within 2.5 m multiplied by 3.5 m so as to ensure the lighting requirement of the ginger;
5) and (3) water and fertilizer application: after 42 days of ginger planting, a compound fertilizer (Kaiping high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer, purchased from Guizhou Kaiping Limited liability company, N: P in the nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer2O5:K2The ratio of O to O is 1:1:1), each hole is 0.12 kg, weeds are manually removed before each topdressing, and when the water content of soil in the growth period of the ginger is lower than 30%, water is timely supplemented until the water content is lower than 30%35％；
6) Field management: adopts the measures of reseeding, artificial weeding, pruning, pest control and the like.
In the embodiment, the reseeding is to select ginger which is robust in growth, free from diseases and fresh and bright in obesity as a seed source; after planting, if the ginger does not sprout, replanting in sunny and warm weather, namely dividing the ginger which has accelerated sprouting into small seed blocks for replanting.
In this embodiment, the artificial weeding is to remove the weeds manually, and when the weeds grow to 20 cm, the weeds are pulled out manually, and because the ginger is a short stalk crop, the weeds are removed manually.
In this embodiment, the pruning is to control the plant spacing and row spacing of the crown of zanthoxylum bungeanum through pruning, and control the height of the ginger.
In this embodiment, the pest control is to control ginger rot, spot, anthracnose, etc., and the control is performed by spraying 900 times of a solution of 90% trichlorfon at the peak of hatching of ova, or by taking agricultural control measures such as applying 40 kg of slaked lime per mu, specifically, the 90% trichlorfon may be 90% (original drug) of trichlorfon produced by fengyuan pesticide limited company, prowa county, province, of south of the river, and the application of the solution may be performed by diluting 900 times.
In the embodiment, the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land is applied to crop interplanting, and reasonable close planting is ensured by utilizing two plants which belong to the category of Happy Yang and tolerant Yin respectively for interplanting, so that the yield value of a unit land area is improved.
In this embodiment, a ginger harvesting method includes the following steps: and (3) harvesting in the 7 th month in the growth period of the ginger planted by the method for interplanting the ginger in the pepper cultivation land.
In the embodiment, during the pepper planting process in the pepper planting field, firstly, selected pepper seedlings are required to ensure that stems are straight, thick and symmetrical, the root systems are ensured to be developed sufficiently, meanwhile, main roots are required to be short and thick, side roots and fibrous roots are required to be as many as possible, terminal buds are required to be plump, seedlings are not damaged by diseases and insects, and are not damaged by any machinery, then, the pepper seedlings are selected to be planted in spring when the buds begin to sprout, before the pepper seedlings are planted, the stems are determined and the tips are cut off, in order to prevent the water on the leaf surfaces from evaporating, partial branches and leaves can be properly cut off, and therefore, the pepper seedlings can survive after being planted.
In the embodiment, the pepper is planted in the pepper planting land according to a conventional method, and generally, planting points are determined according to the planting density, and the depth of each planting hole is required to be about 70cm, and the diameter is required to be about 60 cm. When digging a hole, separately stacking surface soil and deep soil within 30cm of the surface layer, mixing the soil with farmyard manure, mixing the deep soil and the farmyard manure during planting, uniformly stirring, backfilling the soil to the bottom of the hole, treading the seedlings to be firm, putting the seedlings into the hole, ensuring the root system to be unfolded, and covering the smashed surface soil on the root of the seedlings.
In the embodiment, during field management, the pepper needs a small amount of water, but water is needed to be poured once before the flowering phase, the autumn fertilization phase, the freezing phase and the germination phase of each year, so that sufficient water is provided for the growth of the pepper in the water-requiring phase. Common plant diseases and insect pests of the pepper include root rot, rust disease, plaster disease, tiger longhorn beetle, pepper aphid, pepper flea beetle and the like, and the prevention and control are carried out by adopting the means in the prior art.
Example 4
A method for interplanting ginger in a pepper cultivation land comprises the following steps that an implementation place is located in the northern disk river town of Zhengfeng county, the soil is mainly limestone soil which takes limestone as a matrix of the soil, the pH value is neutral and is slightly alkaline, the thickness of the soil layer is more than 30cm, and the implementation area is 500 mu; the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land mainly comprises the following steps:
1) land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy soil with sufficient illumination, good drainage and alkaline pH, removing weeds, deeply loosening and crushing soil;
2) the planting density of the pepper is 2.5 meters multiplied by 3 meters, and the planting density of the ginger is 25 centimeters multiplied by 22 centimeters; the distance between the ginger and the pepper tree trunks is 0.8 m, so that the root systems of the pepper trees are prevented from being damaged during cultivation;
3) after the ginger is planted in 4 months, in the middle and last ten days of rain, decomposed pig manure is used as a base fertilizer, and the using amount of the fertilizer per hectare is 500 kg; the height of the ginger is controlled within 50 cm so as to prevent the ginger from competing for ecological resources with the pepper;
4) the crown of the pepper is controlled within 2.5 m × 3.5 m, so that the lighting requirement of the ginger is ensured;
5) and (3) water and fertilizer application: after 40 days of ginger planting, applying a compound fertilizer (namely Kaishan high-tower nitro-sulfenyl compound fertilizer, purchased from Guizhou Kaishu Limited liability company, 0.1 kg per hole), manually removing weeds before each time of topdressing, and timely supplementing water to 40% when the water content of soil in the ginger growth period is lower than 30%;
6) field management: taking measures such as reseeding, artificial weeding, pruning, pest control and the like; specifically, ginger which is robust in growth, free from diseases and obesity and bright is selected as a seed source; after planting, if the ginger does not sprout, selecting to replant in sunny and warm weather, and dividing the ginger which has promoted to sprout into small seed blocks for replanting; the weeds are removed in an artificial mode, when the weeds grow to 15 cm, the weeds are pulled out manually, and the application of a herbicide is avoided; ginger diseases mainly comprise ginger rot, spot, anthracnose and the like, can be prevented by spraying 90% dipterex 800-900 liquid at the peak incubation period of ova, and can also adopt agricultural prevention measures such as applying 30-40 kg of slaked lime per mu.
Example 5
The yield detection is carried out according to the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land of the embodiment 1-4, specifically, the crop yield per mu is counted, and the yield results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 table of yield results
| Group of | Permu yield/kg of pepper | Fresh ginger yield per kilogram |
| Example 1 | 450-550 | 1200-1600 |
| Example 2 | 380-500 | 1000-1400 |
| Example 3 | 400-520 | 900-1550 |
| Example 4 | 350-480 | 1000-1500 |
The pepper yield per mu of the embodiment is 350-480 kg, and the ginger yield per mu is 1000-1500 kg, which are influenced by the habitat quality, the stony desertification grade and the like.
Weed amount detection is carried out according to the method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land of the embodiment 4, and simultaneously pepper single planting is carried out as comparison according to the planting conditions of the embodiment 4, and the specific experimental method comprises the following steps: selecting 100 square representative sample plots, and weighing the fresh weight of the overground part of the weeds by adopting a full-harvest method. Specific results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 tables of results of weed amount measurement
| Group of | Weed amount per kilogram |
| Example 4 | 20-30 |
| Single planting pepper | 2000-3500 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the fresh weight of the weeds per mu can reach 3500 kg for single pepper planting, and the fresh weight of the weeds per mu is 20-30 kg after the ginger is planted.
The method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land has the advantages that the biological characteristics of yang preference of pepper and yin tolerance of ginger are utilized, reasonable close planting is guaranteed through interplanting, the ginger yield is improved, the stability of a farmland ecosystem is improved, the yield of a unit land area is improved, the problem that most of the existing pepper cultivation modes are single cultivation and are low in economic benefit is solved, the method has a wide market prospect, the idle land area is reduced through interplanting of pepper and ginger, the multiple cropping index is increased through effective utilization of land and ecological resources, the light energy, land and water and fertilizer utilization rate is improved, compared with single cultivation, two agricultural products of pepper and ginger are provided in the unit land, and the yield of the unit land area is improved. The growth period of the pepper is longer than that of the ginger, the ginger can be harvested before the pepper is harvested, the pepper can be continuously harvested after the pepper is mature, short-term and long-term economic benefits are both considered, and the pepper harvester has a wide market prospect.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) planting the peppers in a pepper planting field, wherein the planting density of the peppers is (2.2-2.8) m x (2.5-3.5) m;
2) after the peppers are planted, ginger is interplanted in the pepper planting land, the planting density of the ginger is (20-25) cm x (20-25) cm, and the distance between the ginger and the trunks of the peppers is 0.7-0.9 m;
3) pruning branches and leaves during the growth process of the ginger to keep the plant height of the ginger less than 50 cm.
2. The method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the steps of selecting land and preparing land before pepper cultivation, wherein the land selection is selected sandy soil with alkaline pH, and the land preparation at least comprises the steps of removing weeds, deep loosening and soil crushing.
3. The method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ginger is planted for 4-5 months per year.
4. The method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land further comprises: and performing field management in the growth process of the ginger and the pepper, wherein the field management comprises reseeding, artificial weeding, pruning and pest control.
5. The method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land further comprises: and pruning branches and leaves in the growth process of the pepper to keep the plant spacing of the crown of the pepper to be 2.0-2.5 meters and the row spacing to be 3.0-4.0 meters.
6. The method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land as claimed in claim 5, wherein before interplanting ginger, the pepper cultivation land is fertilized with bio-organic fertilizer at a rate of 400-.
7. The method for interplanting ginger in the pepper cultivation land as claimed in claim 6, wherein after the ginger is interplanted for 38-42 days, a nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer is used for topdressing.
8. The method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: and supplementing water to 35-40% when the water content of the soil in the ginger growth period is lower than 30%.
9. Use of a method of interplanting ginger in a pepper cultivation area as claimed in any of the claims 1-8 for crop interplanting.
10. The ginger harvesting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: harvesting in 6-7 months during the growth period of ginger planted by the method for interplanting ginger in pepper cultivation land as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.
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