CN112829332A - 容器预切割系统 - Google Patents

容器预切割系统 Download PDF

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CN112829332A
CN112829332A CN202011474097.1A CN202011474097A CN112829332A CN 112829332 A CN112829332 A CN 112829332A CN 202011474097 A CN202011474097 A CN 202011474097A CN 112829332 A CN112829332 A CN 112829332A
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cutting means
cutting
laminar material
container
cut
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马努埃尔·冈萨雷斯
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Industrias Tecnologicas de Mecanizacion y Automatizacion SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/001—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore a shaping technique combined with cutting, e.g. in parts or slices combined with rearranging and joining the cut parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0093—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring combined with mechanical machining or metal-working covered by other subclasses than B23K
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/08—Making a superficial cut in the surface of the work without removal of material, e.g. scoring, incising
    • B26D3/085—On sheet material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
    • B23K26/0838—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt
    • B23K26/0846—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt for moving elongated workpieces longitudinally, e.g. wire or strip material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/362—Laser etching
    • B23K26/364—Laser etching for making a groove or trench, e.g. for scribing a break initiation groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B23K26/402—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/04—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member
    • B26D1/045—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/08—Making a superficial cut in the surface of the work without removal of material, e.g. scoring, incising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D9/00—Cutting apparatus combined with punching or perforating apparatus or with dissimilar cutting apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/40—Cutting-out; Stamping-out using a press, e.g. of the ram type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/44—Cutters therefor; Dies therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/007—Forming single grooves or ribs, e.g. tear lines, weak spots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B43/00—Operations specially adapted for layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. repairing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B43/003—Cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/045—Hollow panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/16—Bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
    • B23K2103/166—Multilayered materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/44—Cutters therefor; Dies therefor
    • B26F2001/4454—Die heads carrying several moveable tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/009—Using laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/16—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. infrared heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
    • B65B61/04—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages
    • B65B61/06—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages by cutting
    • B65B61/065—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages by cutting by punching out

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种容器预切割系统，适用于具有层状材料(3)的容器成型机器(4)，所述容器成型机器(4)根据其步进距离为所述层状材料(3)提供一定长度的间歇前进；所述系统适于在层状材料(3)的下表面上制作下预切割(31)以及在其上表面上制作上预切割(32)。该系统包括使用激光的带有至少一个激光头(11)的下预切割装置(1)，以及使用刀片或激光的上预切割装置(2)。该预切割装置(1，2)在层状材料(3)的前进方向上由一段间隔分开，该间隔的长度等于所述机器的步进距离的倍数。

Description

容器预切割系统
技术领域
本发明适用于带有多层、双层或单层层状材料的容器成型机器，并根据所述机器的步进距离使所述层状材料间歇性地前进一段长度；该系统在所述层状材料的下表面和上表面分别进行预切割，以便于后续单个包装容器的分离。
背景技术
当制造容器时，特别是制作用于食品工业的包装容器时，通常在容器之间的桥接部上制作预切割线，该预切割线会影响层状材料的部分厚度，其目的是便于最终的消费者后续手动撕开和分离包装容器。
在由某些层状材料制成的容器中，在该层状材料的上表面制作预切割线足以允许用户随后撕开和分离包装容器。
当使用某些层状材料时，该上部的预切割线不足以保证包装容器的适当分离从而不会在撕裂的区域产生缺陷。
为了防止上述缺点，在国家专利申请P201830445中，由本发明的同一持有人开发了一种由容器预切割装置组成的解决方案，该容器预切割装置包括：设有用于制作上预切割线的上刀片的凸模，以及包括面向上刀片的下刀片的凹模，因此，当凸模在凹模上闭合时，上刀片和下刀片同时在容器的多层材料的相对面限定上预切割线和下预切割线，从而保证多层材料沿着这些预切割线的适当撕裂。
此解决方案对于同时进行上预切割和下预切割是有效的；但是，取决于容器的形状，可能存在以下情况：合装的多个容器的主体之间没有足够的空间用于机械驱动下部的预切割装置，则下预切割是不可行的。
这些带有刀片的预切割装置的另一个缺点是，取决于所使用的层状材料的机械特性，尤其是形成该层状材料的一层或多层的机械特性，这种在该层状材料中非常接近的区域进行上、下预切割的同时性，会造成上预切割和下预切割的区域都没有被切断，由此在容器分离之前或分离期间所述区域的多层材料出现不理想的撕裂。
发明内容
本发明的容器预切割系统适用于具有一层或以上的层状材料的容器成型机器，该容器成型机器根据其步进距离将该层状材料间歇地推进一段长度。
本发明的容器预切割系统具有合适的技术特征，用于在层状材料的下表面和上表面的相对或附近区域实施下预切割和上预切割，以解决上述问题，尤其是合装的多个容器不能容许具有刀片的下预切割装置在底部实现机械驱动的情况。
为此，并且根据本发明，至少下预切割装置包括至少一个激光头，该激光头被方便地布置成所投射的激光束从下部区域穿过合装的多个容器中连续的容器之间存在的空间，并在形成连接所述容器的桥接部的层状材料的下表面限定下预切割线。
由于容器之间用于激光束通过和制作下预切割的必要空间非常小，这种利用激光的下预切割装置很好地解决了所提出的技术问题。
在一个优选实施例中，上预切割装置包括上刀片，该上刀片能够在不起作用的上部位置与起作用的下部位置之间垂直移动，该上刀片在层状材料中执行上预切割，尽管不排除上预切割装置与下预切割装置一样使用激光头来执行适当的上预切割。
无论使用何种类型的上预切割装置，该上预切割装置和带有激光的下预切割装置在层状材料的前进方向上由一段间隔分开，该间隔的长度等于所述容器成型机器的步进距离的倍数。
所以，在层状材料的某个区域中的上预切割和下预切割不是同时进行的，上预切割和下预切割都在层状材料的预定长度的前进中实施，并且已经过去了足够的时间，从而在制作上预切割之前消除掉下预切割产生的应力。
因此，该系统特别适用于预切割由不同材料(PET、PP、PLA和PS)制成的合装的多个容器。
在这两种情况下，所述下预切割装置和上预切割装置通过对应于所述机器的步进距离的多倍长度的间隔彼此分开。
最后，值得一提的是，所述上预切割装置与下预切割装置相对于层状材料的前进方向的顺序并不重要，该系统可以先实施下预切割，后实施上预切割，反之亦然，前提是不影响本发明的实质。
附图说明
作为对所作描述的补充，并且为了帮助使本发明的特征更易于理解，本说明书附有一组附图，这些附图以举例说明而非限制的方式表示以下内容。
图1示出了根据本发明的容器预切割系统的示例性实施例的示意性正视图，其中可以看到，下预切割装置设有激光头，而上预切割装置配备有切割刀片，并且该下预切割装置和下预切割装置在多层、双层或单层材料形成的容器的前进方向上纵向地分离。
图2示出了下预切割装置的一个变形实施例的正视图，该下预切割装置设有两个激光头。
图3示出了用激光进行下预切割时层状材料的截面的详细放大图。
图4示出了在进行上预切割时的上预切割装置的正视图，以及层状材料的详细放大图，其中可以看到先前制作的下预切割和正在制作的上预切割。
具体实施方式
在图1中，所述容器预切割系统包括拟安装在容器成型机器(4)上的下预切割装置(1)和上预切割装置(2)，该容器成型机器(4)使用多层、双层或单层的材料(3)制作容器，该容器预切割系统启动时在该层状材料(3)的下表面和上表面都进行预切割。
必须指出的是，在上述图1中，所述下预切割装置(1)和上预切割装置(2)在所述层状材料(3)的前进方向上按图示的顺序排列，但是也可以是相反的顺序，因为该顺序不影响系统的操作。
所述下预切割装置(1)和上预切割装置(2)在所述层状材料(3)的前进方向上纵向地间隔一段长度，该间隔的长度等于所述容器成型机器的步进距离的倍数，使得对应于所述层状材料(3)的相同区域的下预切割线和上预切割线不是同时形成的，而是在两个先后的阶段中形成的。
在所述图1中，所述下预切割装置(1)包括：激光头(11)，所述激光头(11)发射的激光束(12)从下部区域穿过合装的多个容器中连续的容器(4)之间存在的空间，并在形成连接所述容器的桥接部的层状材料的区域中限定下预切割线。
在该实施例中，所述上预切割装置具有可垂直移动的刀片，如下文所述。
为了在已经制作了下预切割的同一区域中对材料进行上预切割，该层状材料有必要按照所述机器的步进距离来移动一定的步数，直到所述区域到达所述上预切割装置(2)，如此就经过了足够的时间来释放层状材料中产生的应力。
在图2所示的变形实施例中，下预切割装置包括两个激光头(11)，用于制作下预切割线(31)，如图3所示。
图4示出了图1所示的上预切割装置(2)的一个实施例，如图4所示其包括：下模(20)和上刀片(21)，该上刀片(21)安装为可以相对于浮动挡块(22)垂直移动，而该浮动挡块(22)又可以相对于凸模(24)进行有限的垂直移动；所述上刀片(21)安装在校准过的弹簧(23)上。
当上预切割装置(2)被启动时，浮动挡块(22)将层状材料(3)压在下模(20)上，并且上刀片(21)穿透层状材料(3)的上表面，从而在其上限定了上预切割(32)。
从图4的详细放大图中可以看出，在层状材料(3)的前进方向上，所述下预切割(31)和上预切割(32)稍微地分离，所述下模(20)位于面向上刀片(21)的区域中具有凹部(25)，该凹部(25)允许制作上预切割(32)时多层片材(3)发生一定的弹性形变，这有助于降低预切割区域中材料的应力。
在充分描述了本发明的实质之后，除了优选实施例的示例之外，在此声明，出于相关目的，所描述元件的材料、形状、尺寸和布局可以被修改，前提是这不意味着改变下面要求保护的本发明的基本特征。

Claims (4)

1.一种容器预切割系统，适用于带有多层、双层或单层的层状材料(3)的容器成型机(4)，该容器成型机器(4)根据其步进距离为一定长度的所述层状材料(3)提供间歇前进，所述系统包括适于在层状材料(3)中分别制作下预切割(31)和上预切割(32)的下预切割装置(1)和上预切割装置(2)；其特征在于，所述下预切割装置(1)包括至少一个激光头(11)，所述激光头(11)的发射激光束(12)从下部区域穿过合装的多个容器中连续的容器(4)之间的空间，并在形成连接所述容器(4)的桥接部的所述多层材料(3)的区域中限定下预切割线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述上预切割装置(2)包括：能够在不起作用的上部位置与起作用的下部位置之间垂直移动的上刀片(21)，所述上刀片(21)在层状材料(3)中执行上预切割。
3.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述上预切割装置(2)和所述下预切割装置(1)在层状材料(3)的前进方向上由一段间隔分开，所述间隔的长度等于所述容器成型机器(4)的步进距离的倍数。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述下预切割装置(1)包括至少一个用于切割的激光头(11)。
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