CN112710075B - 用于构成热绝缘夹层结构的方法和空调柜 - Google Patents
用于构成热绝缘夹层结构的方法和空调柜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112710075B CN112710075B CN202011148532.1A CN202011148532A CN112710075B CN 112710075 B CN112710075 B CN 112710075B CN 202011148532 A CN202011148532 A CN 202011148532A CN 112710075 B CN112710075 B CN 112710075B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- temperature
- sandwich structure
- resistant
- rigid foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/20—Casings or covers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L1/00—Enclosures; Chambers
- B01L1/02—Air-pressure chambers; Air-locks therefor
- B01L1/025—Environmental chambers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
- B29C44/06—Making multilayered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
- B29C44/18—Filling preformed cavities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/095—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/027—Thermal properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
- F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/34—Elements and arrangements for heat storage or insulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/12—Specific details about manufacturing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/04—4 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/40—Closed containers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/002—Test chambers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于构成热绝缘夹层结构(2)、尤其是用于高温范围的空调柜(1)的壳体(5)的夹层结构(2)的方法,所述夹层结构(2)具有内壁(10)和外壁(40),所述方法具有以下方法步骤:-提供所述内壁(10);-将至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21)粘合到所述内壁(10)上;-将所述外壁(40)相对于所述内壁(10)如此定位,使得在所述内壁(10)和所述外壁(40)之间构成有所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21)和空腔;以及-用聚氨酯泡沫(PUR‑Schaum)(31)对所述空腔进行泡沫填充,以形成将所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21)和所述外壁(40)连接的第二硬质泡沫层(30)。本发明还涉及一种热绝缘夹层结构(2)和一种空调柜(1)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有权利要求1的特征的一种用于构成热绝缘夹层结构、尤其是用于高温范围的空调柜的壳体的夹层结构的方法以及具有权利要求9的特征的一种用于高温范围的空调柜。
背景技术
从现有技术中已知采用不同设计的空调柜,并且这些空调柜用于科学实验室中或工业用途中以模拟生物、化学和/或物理环境影响,例如温度、空气压力和/或空气湿度。空调柜包括内部空间和壳体,其中,内部空间布置在壳体中,并且在内部空间中模拟生物、化学和/或物理环境影响。用于高温范围的空调柜,尤其是恒定空调柜,用于模拟-10℃至350℃之间的温度。
从现有技术中已知用于构成热绝缘夹层结构的多种方法。通过这些已知方法制造的热绝缘夹层结构可以用于形成空调柜的热绝缘壳体,其中,壳体具有面向内部空间的内壁和外壁。为了建立稳定的夹层结构,将常规的两组分聚氨酯泡沫(2-Komponenten-PUR-Schaum)引入到构成在内壁和外壁之间的空腔中,该两组分聚氨酯泡沫在足够的计量时完全填充可用的空腔、硬化并将内壁和外壁连接。通过在外壁和内壁之间的这种连接形成了坚固的夹层结构,该夹层结构由于物理特性,尤其是硬化的聚氨酯泡沫的物理特性而具有良好的热绝缘特性,即非常低的导热率。
作为该现有技术的缺点认为是,常规的两组分聚氨酯泡沫具有低的耐热性,由此这种夹层结构具有可达120℃(393K)的最大使用范围并因此不适合在温度范围超过120℃、优选为温度范围可达350℃的恒定空调柜中使用。
发明内容
此处提出本发明。
本发明的目的是提供一种用于生成夹层结构、尤其是空调柜的壳体的夹层结构的改进方法,该方法以符合目的的方式改进了先前已知的方法并提供了一种新颖方法,该新颖方法使制造具有低导热率的非常稳定的夹层结构成为可能。此外,该方法将使以成本优化的方式制造夹层结构成为可能。
该目的通过具有权利要求1的特征的一种方法、具有权利要求8的特征的一种夹层结构以及具有权利要求9的特征的一种空调柜来实现。
在从属权利要求中给出了本发明的其他有利的设计方案。
具有权利要求1的特征的根据本发明的用于构成热绝缘夹层结构、尤其是用于高温范围的空调柜的壳体的具有内壁和外壁的夹层结构的方法具有以下方法步骤:
-提供所述内壁;
-将至少一个耐高温绝缘板粘合到所述内壁上;
-将所述外壁相对于所述内壁如此定位,使得在所述内壁和所述外壁之间构成有所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板和空腔;以及
-用聚氨酯泡沫对所述空腔进行泡沫填充,以形成将所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板和所述外壁连接的第二硬质泡沫层。
在下文中,在此以及与根据本发明的教导有关,高温应理解为在较长时间段期间或也持久地作用在所使用的材料上的温度。与本发明有关,这种温度为至少120℃。进一步优选地,与本发明有关,高温为至少180℃、250℃或甚至可达350℃。
此外,在此以及在下文中,内壁应理解为壳体的在按规定使用时直接受到高温的热负载的壁、层或侧部,并且外壁应理解为壳体的与环境连通的壁、层或侧部,由此可以通过自由对流将热量从外壁散发到环境中。
本发明基于这样的思想,即,夹层结构具有内壁和外壁以及至少两个另外的层,即,由耐温绝缘板制成的第一硬质泡沫层和由硬化的聚氨酯泡沫制成的第二硬质泡沫层。一方面,至少一个耐(高)温绝缘板承受高的持久热负载,另一方面,耐(高)温绝缘板将温度降低到由聚氨酯泡沫形成的第二硬质泡沫层,因此该耐(高)温绝缘板不会发生热降解或热分解。聚氨酯层可以容易地通过泡沫填充来构成并且在耐高温绝缘板和外壁之间形成牢固的连接。第一硬质泡沫层和第二硬质泡沫层均具有约0.02-0.03W/mK的低导热率λ,由此可以进行内壁和外壁的热解耦。
根据本发明,在执行所述方法时有利的是,所述至少一个耐(高)温绝缘板的粘合借助两组分粘合剂(简写为2K-Klebstoff)进行,在将所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板放置到所述内壁上之前将所述两组分粘合剂涂布到所述内壁上。至少一个耐温绝缘板典型地由具有孔的硬质泡沫构成,从而可从内壁方面以节省资源的方式实现粘合剂的涂布。
根据所述方法的一个优选改进方案,所述至少一个耐(高)温绝缘板由具有大于180℃的耐温性的硬质泡沫、尤其是聚异氰脲酸酯硬质泡沫(PIR-Hartschaum)通过从硬化的发泡块分离而形成。聚异氰脲酸酯具有可达400℃的特别高的耐温性,而不会发生热分解。聚异氰脲酸酯硬质泡沫具有约0.02-0.03W/mK的低导热率λ。低导热率或高导热阻力导致绝缘板中的温度降低,使得在第二硬质泡沫层中存在对常规的聚氨酯泡沫可承受的温度水平,在该温度水平下不会发生热分解。
在执行所述方法时已证明有利的是,将多个耐高温绝缘板通过接头相邻地粘合在所述内壁上。优选地,用耐温粘合剂或耐温粘合带将所述接头封闭在背离所述内壁的一侧上。耐高温绝缘板可以例如借助接头相邻地布置,以通过边缘形成角度,其中,通过在泡沫填充时关闭接头来防止聚氨酯泡沫的进入。
空腔的泡沫填充优选地借助两组分聚氨酯泡沫(2K-PUR-Schaum)进行,该两组分聚氨酯泡沫与单组分聚氨酯泡沫(1K-PUR-Schaum)相比具有更高的强度并且硬化更快速且更均匀。
根据所述方法的一个改进方案,所述内壁和/或所述外壁可以由不锈钢制成。尤其地,已经证明不锈钢是内壁的选择材料,因为不锈钢具有耐热、耐化学和耐机械的表面并且使在内壁和耐温绝缘板之间构成耐受性粘合连接成为可能。
当将外壁相对于内壁定位时,外壁和布置在内壁上的耐温绝缘板之间的距离应不小于15mm,优选地大于20mm,并且不大于300mm。该距离对于空腔的形成是必要的,以使得当在稀液相中用聚氨酯泡沫进行泡沫填充时可以完全填充空腔,并且可以将外壁与耐温绝缘板全面连接以形成稳定的夹层结构。
本发明的另一方面涉及夹层结构,具有内壁和外壁以及在它们之间的至少两个硬质泡沫层,其中,第一硬质泡沫层由至少一个耐温绝缘板形成,优选地由聚异氰脲酸酯(PIR)制的耐温绝缘板形成,并且第二硬质泡沫层由硬化的聚氨酯泡沫(PUR-Schaum)形成。
本发明的第三方面涉及一种用于高温范围的空调柜,具有至少一个具有门的壳体,所述壳体具有内部空间,所述内部空间可通过所述至少一个门封闭。根据本发明规定的是,所述壳体由夹层结构形成,所述夹层结构具有面向所述内部空间的内壁和外壁,其中,在所述内壁的背离所述内部空间的一侧上借助粘合剂层保持至少一个耐高温绝缘板,并且其中,所述耐高温绝缘板通过由发泡的聚氨酯泡沫制成的第二硬质泡沫层与外壁材料配合地连接。通过壳体的夹层结构,一方面可以实现壳体的高稳定性,另一方面,可以提供内部空间的高效热绝缘,这可以实现内部空间的最佳热解耦。
根据本发明的一个有利设计方案,所述粘合剂层由耐温两组分粘合剂形成。两组分粘合剂可以优选是环氧树脂粘合剂、聚氨酯粘合剂等,该两组分粘合剂具有高强度并且硬化均匀且快速。
此外,已证明有利的是,所述耐高温绝缘板(21)由具有大于180℃、优选可达400℃的耐温性的完全反应的硬质泡沫、尤其是由聚异氰脲酸酯(PIR)制的硬质泡沫形成。尤其地,聚异氰脲酸酯具有约0.02-0.03W/mK的低导热率λ,由此,由于所产生的导热阻力而进行温度降低到对由聚氨酯泡沫制成的第二硬质泡沫层可承受的温度水平T,其中T≤120℃。
另外,根据本发明的另一方面优选的是,在两个相邻的耐温绝缘板之间布置有接头。在将耐高温绝缘板布置在内壁上时,在两个对接绝缘板之间以及通过边缘布置的绝缘板之间均构成接头。优选地,该接头从面向外壁的一侧至少部分地填充有耐温粘合剂,或者面向外壁的一侧使用耐温粘合带封闭。通过填充或封闭接头,可以在对空腔进行泡沫填充时防止的是,聚氨酯泡沫进入到接头中并且在以后使用空调柜时热分解,然后可以形成热桥。
第二硬质泡沫层优选地通过对两组分聚氨酯泡沫进行泡沫填充和硬化而形成。两组分聚氨酯泡沫具有高强度并形成稳定连接。此外,两组分聚氨酯泡沫硬化快速且均匀。
另外,可以优选的是,所述内壁和/或所述外壁由不锈钢形成。尤其地,优选的是,所述内壁由不锈钢形成,因为不锈钢是耐热的,耐化学的和耐机械的。
而且已证明有利的是,所述第二硬质泡沫层具有至少15mm、优选地大于20mm且不大于300mm的层厚度。在层厚度约20mm的情况下确保的是,在对耐温绝缘板和外壁之间的空腔进行泡沫填充时,在进行聚氨酯泡沫的硬化之前,在稀液相中的聚氨酯泡沫完全流过该空腔。
附图说明
下面参照附图详细说明根据本发明的具有由夹层结构形成的壳体的空调柜的实施例。在附图中:
图1示出了空调柜的壳体的大幅简化的截面图;和
图2示出了用于空调柜的壳体的夹层结构的制造方法的大幅简化的框图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了具有壳体5的空调柜1的大幅简化的截面图,该壳体5的壁由夹层结构2形成。壳体5具有至少一个门(未示出),通过该门可进入由壳体5包围的内部空间6。
空调柜1可以是在高温范围内的恒定空调柜,该恒定空调柜构成为将内部空间6中的温度设定在-10℃至350℃或约263K至约623K的范围内以用于长期操作。
壳体5由夹层结构2形成,具有:面向内部空间6的内壁10,粘合剂层15,第一耐(高)温硬质泡沫层20,第二硬质泡沫层30以及外壁40。
第一耐高温硬质泡沫层20由具有超过300℃、优选可达400℃的耐温性的硬质泡沫制成。第一硬质泡沫层20可以由PIR硬质泡沫(Polyisocyanurat-Hartschaum,聚异氰脲酸酯硬质泡沫)形成。可以先将PIR硬质泡沫发泡成块状,然后可以通过切割、锯切、铣削等分离耐高温绝缘板21,这些耐高温绝缘板21形成第一硬质泡沫层20。
第二硬质泡沫层30具有比第一硬质泡沫层20低的可达120℃的耐温性并且由PUR泡沫(Polyurethan-Schaum,聚氨酯泡沫)形成。
内壁10可以由不锈钢制成并且借助粘合剂层15与第一硬质泡沫层20连接。第二硬质泡沫层30将第一硬质泡沫层20与外壁40连接。
第一硬质泡沫层20和第二硬质泡沫层30的厚度应如此选择,使得通过第一硬质泡沫层20的厚度进行温度降低直到第二硬质泡沫层30,该温度降低如此大,使得在第二硬质泡沫层30的面向内部空间6的一侧上的温度水平低于所使用的硬化PUR泡沫31的耐温性。
由于用于第一硬质泡沫层20的材料和用于第二硬质泡沫层30的材料均具有约0.02-0.03W/mK的热导率λ,因而第一硬质泡沫层20的厚度优选地应选择为至少是第二硬质泡沫层30的厚度的两倍。
图2示出了用于构成热绝缘夹层结构2的方法的示意性流程,其中,首先在方法步骤100中提供内壁10。
内壁10可以由不锈钢制成并且可以构成为长方体形状以构成内部空间6。
在提供内壁之后,可以例如通过分离或切断由先前发泡的块制成的板来提供一个或多个由耐温可达400℃的PIR硬质泡沫(Polyisocyanurat-Hartschaum,聚异氰脲酸酯硬质泡沫)制成的耐高温绝缘板21。为了将至少一个耐高温绝缘板21与内壁10连接,在方法步骤110中,首先将粘合剂层15平坦地涂布到内壁10上。粘合剂层15由耐高温粘合剂制成,该耐高温粘合剂可以是例如两组分粘合剂(2K-Kleber),该两组分粘合剂的特征在于高强度以及快速且均匀的硬化。
随后,在用于粘合的下一方法步骤120中,将耐温绝缘板21对接放置到内壁10上的粘合剂层15上,更确切地说如此放置,使得大致覆盖整个内壁10。
参照图1可以看出,在相邻的绝缘板21之间的横截面中呈长方体形状的内壁10的边缘处布置有小的接头24或间隙,这些小的接头24或间隙可以在方法步骤(未示出)中借助耐高温粘合剂28进行完全或部分的填充或充填而封闭在背离内壁10的一侧上。在图1中,在内壁的上侧上布置有两个绝缘板21,其中,接头24使用粘合剂28封闭在相邻的侧边缘上。替代地,如在图1中的下侧所示,耐高温粘合带29可以封闭接头24的背离内壁10的一侧。
在后续的方法步骤130中,将由内壁10、粘合层15和耐高温绝缘板21预先形成的单元定位在预先提供的、优选同样为长方体形状的外壁40上,更确切地说如此定位,使得在耐高温绝缘板21和外壁40之间构成有空腔,并且在绝缘板21和外壁40之间具有尽可能均匀的间隔。
为了将外壁40与预先形成的单元连接,在方法步骤140中将聚氨酯泡沫引入到空腔中或者使用聚氨酯泡沫对空腔进行泡沫填充。为了使聚氨酯泡沫完全润湿预先形成的单元,空腔或者现在待形成的第二硬质泡沫层30应具有约20mm的厚度。优选,聚氨酯泡沫是两组分泡沫,该两组分泡沫在稀液相中最佳地流过空腔,然后快速且均匀地硬化成第二硬质泡沫层30,该第二硬泡沫层30将外壁40与该单元连接以形成夹层结构2。
附图标记说明:
1 空调柜
2 夹层结构
5 壳体
6 内部空间
10 内壁
15 粘合剂层
20 第一硬质泡沫层
21 绝缘板
24 接头
28 粘合剂
29 粘合带
30 第二硬质泡沫层
31 聚氨酯泡沫
40 外壁
100 方法步骤
110 方法步骤
120 方法步骤
130 方法步骤
140 方法步骤
Claims (13)
1.一种用于构成用于120℃至350℃范围的空调柜(1)的壳体(5)的热绝缘夹层结构(2)的方法,所述夹层结构(2)具有内壁(10)和外壁(40),所述方法具有以下方法步骤:
-提供所述内壁(10);
-将至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21)粘合到所述内壁(10)上;
-将所述外壁(40)相对于所述内壁(10)如此定位,使得在所述内壁(10)和所述外壁(40)之间构成有所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21)和空腔;以及
-用聚氨酯泡沫(PUR-Schaum)(31)对所述空腔进行发泡填充,以形成将所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21)和所述外壁(40)连接的第二硬质泡沫层(30);
-其特征在于,将多个耐高温绝缘板(21)通过接头(24)相邻地粘合在所述内壁(10)上,并且所述接头(24)在背离所述内壁(10)的一侧用耐高温粘合剂(28)或耐高温粘合带(29)封闭。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21)的粘合借助两组分粘合剂(2K-Klebstoff)进行,在将所述耐高温绝缘板(21)放置到所述内壁(10)上之前将所述两组分粘合剂涂布到所述内壁(10)上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21)由具有大于180℃的耐温性的硬质泡沫通过将所述绝缘板(21)从发泡块分离而形成。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,用两组分聚氨酯泡沫(2K-PUR-Schaum)(31)对所述空腔进行发泡填充。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述内壁(10)和/或所述外壁(40)由不锈钢制成。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二硬质泡沫层(30)的层厚度不小于20mm且不大于300mm。
7.一种夹层结构(2),具有内壁(10)和外壁(40),所述夹层结构(2)使用根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法来制造。
8.一种用于120℃至350℃范围的空调柜(1),包括具有至少一个门的壳体(5),所述壳体(5)具有内部空间(6),所述内部空间(6)可通过所述至少一个门封闭,
其中,所述壳体(5)包括夹层结构(2),所述夹层结构(2)具有面向所述内部空间(6)的内壁(10)和外壁(40),
其中,在所述内壁(10)的背离所述内部空间(6)的一侧上,以通过粘合剂层(15)连接的方式布置有至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21),
其中,所述耐高温绝缘板(21)和所述外壁(40)之间构成有空腔,用聚氨酯泡沫(31)发泡填充所述空腔制成第二硬质泡沫层(30),所述耐高温绝缘板(21)通过所述第二硬质泡沫层(30)与所述外壁(40)连接,以及
在两个相邻的耐高温绝缘板(21)之间布置有接头(24),并且所述接头(24)在面向所述外壁(40)的一侧上至少部分地填充有耐高温粘合剂(28)或者用耐高温粘合带(29)封闭。
9.根据权利要求8所述的空调柜(1),其特征在于,所述粘合剂层(15)由耐温两组分粘合剂形成。
10.根据权利要求8或9中所述的空调柜(1),其特征在于,所述耐高温绝缘板(21)由具有大于120℃的耐温性的完全反应的硬质泡沫形成。
11.根据权利要求8或9所述的空调柜(1),其特征在于,所述至少一个耐高温绝缘板(21)使用两组分聚氨酯泡沫与所述外壁(40)连接。
12.根据权利要求8或9所述的空调柜(1),其特征在于,所述内壁(10)和/或所述外壁(40)由不锈钢形成。
13.根据权利要求8或9所述的空调柜(1),其特征在于,所述第二硬质泡沫层(30)具有至少20mm且不大于300mm的层厚度。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019128829.0A DE102019128829A1 (de) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Verfahren zur Ausbildung einer thermisch isolierenden Sandwichkonstruktion und Klimaschrank |
DE102019128829.0 | 2019-10-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN112710075A CN112710075A (zh) | 2021-04-27 |
CN112710075B true CN112710075B (zh) | 2022-09-27 |
Family
ID=72811747
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011148532.1A Active CN112710075B (zh) | 2019-10-25 | 2020-10-23 | 用于构成热绝缘夹层结构的方法和空调柜 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US11745464B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3812739B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN112710075B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102019128829A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2767868C1 (zh) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010253839A (ja) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-11-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 表皮付発泡成形部材、および表皮付発泡成形部材の成形方法 |
CN102116373A (zh) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-06 | 杜邦太阳能有限公司 | 用于保护光伏模块的泡沫密封垫及其制备方法 |
CN102131637A (zh) * | 2008-09-12 | 2011-07-20 | 佛吉亚汽车内部系统股份有限公司 | 装潢性的装饰及其制造方法 |
CN203797991U (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-08-27 | 浙江家得乐太阳能有限公司 | 防发泡料溢出的太阳能热水器 |
JP2014172216A (ja) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-22 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | 内装部品およびその製造方法 |
CN207496038U (zh) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-06-15 | 上海新安汽车隔音毡有限公司 | 一种兼具定型及切割功能的发泡零件加工装置 |
CN108602283A (zh) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-09-28 | 孚利模集团有限公司 | 密封接缝区域的方法和塑料外皮 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3719303A (en) * | 1971-11-01 | 1973-03-06 | Gen Motors Corp | Refrigerator cabinet construction for releasing foam insulation |
JPH09269177A (ja) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-14 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 冷蔵庫 |
EP1045079B1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2007-10-03 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Heat insulating wall member, and method of manufacturing the same |
EP1177353B1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2005-09-21 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Extruded polystyrene foam insulation laminates for pour-in-place concrete walls |
EP1403193B1 (de) * | 2002-09-26 | 2008-06-11 | Hasenkamp Internationale Transporte GmbH | Transportkiste zum Transport hochwertiger, hochempfindlicher Objekte |
RU70958U1 (ru) * | 2007-06-04 | 2008-02-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Группа компаний Сибирский ориентир" | Теплоизолирующий модуль для труб |
US20090071088A1 (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-03-19 | Thermo King Corporation | Wall construction for insulated enclosure |
DE102008026529A1 (de) | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Haushaltsgerät, insbesondere Kältegerät |
DE102011077360B4 (de) | 2011-06-10 | 2016-06-02 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme von Sensoren in einem Luft- oder Raumfahrzeug, Inbetriebnahmevorrichtung, Server und System |
DE102011077366A1 (de) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-13 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Haushaltsgerät, insbesondere Haushaltskältegerät mit einer Versteifungsmaterialschicht |
EP2834315A1 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2015-02-11 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Epoxy adhesive, manufacture and use thereof |
US9022249B2 (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-05-05 | Sonocco Development, Inc. | Thermally insulated polyurethane shipper and method of making same |
CN207194766U (zh) | 2017-09-04 | 2018-04-06 | 孟扬 | 一种耐火门窗 |
CN109900036A (zh) | 2017-12-07 | 2019-06-18 | 博西华电器(江苏)有限公司 | 制冷器具 |
-
2019
- 2019-10-25 DE DE102019128829.0A patent/DE102019128829A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-10-08 EP EP20200873.6A patent/EP3812739B1/de active Active
- 2020-10-23 RU RU2020134795A patent/RU2767868C1/ru active
- 2020-10-23 CN CN202011148532.1A patent/CN112710075B/zh active Active
- 2020-10-23 US US17/078,995 patent/US11745464B2/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-12-06 US US18/075,813 patent/US11999156B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102131637A (zh) * | 2008-09-12 | 2011-07-20 | 佛吉亚汽车内部系统股份有限公司 | 装潢性的装饰及其制造方法 |
JP2010253839A (ja) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-11-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 表皮付発泡成形部材、および表皮付発泡成形部材の成形方法 |
CN102116373A (zh) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-06 | 杜邦太阳能有限公司 | 用于保护光伏模块的泡沫密封垫及其制备方法 |
JP2014172216A (ja) * | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-22 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | 内装部品およびその製造方法 |
CN203797991U (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-08-27 | 浙江家得乐太阳能有限公司 | 防发泡料溢出的太阳能热水器 |
CN108602283A (zh) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-09-28 | 孚利模集团有限公司 | 密封接缝区域的方法和塑料外皮 |
CN207496038U (zh) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-06-15 | 上海新安汽车隔音毡有限公司 | 一种兼具定型及切割功能的发泡零件加工装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3812739B1 (de) | 2024-07-03 |
CN112710075A (zh) | 2021-04-27 |
EP3812739A1 (de) | 2021-04-28 |
RU2767868C1 (ru) | 2022-03-22 |
US20210122139A1 (en) | 2021-04-29 |
DE102019128829A1 (de) | 2021-04-29 |
US11999156B2 (en) | 2024-06-04 |
US11745464B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
US20230100430A1 (en) | 2023-03-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10415244B2 (en) | Methods for manufacturing pre-fabricated insulated foam wall structures with high racking strength and related pre-fabricated wall structures | |
US8875462B2 (en) | Structural insulated panel system | |
US8418427B2 (en) | Insulated door and method of making same | |
EP3263791B1 (en) | Building exterior insulation structure | |
JPS6387578A (ja) | 冷蔵装置を製作する方法 | |
CN112710075B (zh) | 用于构成热绝缘夹层结构的方法和空调柜 | |
US20120124927A1 (en) | Foam injected wall panel | |
KR101693688B1 (ko) | 다목적 방화문 | |
US20050244597A1 (en) | Thermally-enhanced HVAC constructions | |
JPH10219866A (ja) | 断熱パネル及び断熱パネルの製造方法 | |
Makaveckas et al. | The influence of polyisocyanurate (PIR) facing on the heat transfer through the corners of insulated building partitions | |
KR20120019035A (ko) | 난연성 복합 단열보드 및 그 제조방법 | |
JP2019157592A (ja) | サンドイッチパネル | |
CN211312913U (zh) | Eps模块墙体外保温防火隔离板材组装连接件 | |
JP2004036328A (ja) | 耐火パネル、およびそれを備えた壁構造の製造方法 | |
EP1603743A2 (en) | Structural sandwich plate members | |
JP6254660B1 (ja) | 耐熱性パネルの製造方法 | |
JP2000234402A (ja) | 壁パネル構造 | |
CN111636592A (zh) | 一种具有窗口的装配式墙体及其安装方法 | |
KR20160075478A (ko) | 조립식 건축물의 패널 | |
JP2009221820A (ja) | 断熱壁構造 | |
JPS583857A (ja) | 断熱パネル | |
JP2006052590A (ja) | 型枠兼用断熱パネルとそれを用いた断熱コンクリート躯体構造およびその施工方法 | |
JPH1061061A (ja) | 遮音断熱パネル | |
Fuente et al. | R+ D for the integration of high acoustic-thermal performances in Spanish building products |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |