CN112690165B - Standardized blueberry planting method and auxiliary device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a standardized blueberry planting method, which comprises the specific steps of planting blueberry plants in rows, arranging a gantry frame at the head and the tail of each row, wherein a first mounting hole is formed in each gantry frame, and the position of each first mounting hole is aligned with a fruit hanging area of a blueberry; then, two ends of a steel rope are respectively fixed in first mounting holes of the two gantry frames, and the steel rope is parallel to the blueberry plant rows; and then fixing the fruit bearing branches of the blueberry plants on the steel ropes, and continuously fixing the heightened fruit bearing branches on the higher steel ropes after the heightened fruit bearing branches are loosely bound in the growth process of the blueberry plants. According to the blueberry planting method, the steel ropes are used for fixing the bearing branches of all blueberry plants in the blueberry plant rows, so that the bearing branches of the blueberry plants are regularly arranged in rows, the mechanical nursing of the blueberries is facilitated, particularly, when the blueberry plants are harvested, vibration can be accurately transmitted to the bearing branches by a user through exciting the steel ropes, the harvesting efficiency is high, and the main bodies of the blueberry plants are not damaged.

Description

A kind of standardized blueberry planting method and auxiliary device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a standardized blueberry planting method and an auxiliary device.

Background technique

The blueberry planting method in the prior art is: planting blueberry plants in a row with a set spacing and row spacing, and then performing routine fertilization, sprinkler irrigation, insect trapping and weeding care on the blueberry plants. This conventional blueberry planting results in the random distribution of blueberry branches, and there is no clear fruit-bearing area. It is very difficult to use mechanized management of blueberries, and it is especially difficult to mechanized blueberry harvesting. In the prior art, the mechanized harvesting of blueberries is mainly vibratory harvesting and pneumatic harvesting. The main method of vibratory harvesting is to use an excitation source to beat blueberry plants, and the randomness of the beat position is strong and cannot be directly and effectively. Acting on the fruit-bearing area, the harvesting efficiency is low and it is easy to hit the blueberry fruit; pneumatic harvesting can only operate the pneumatic components to harvest through the area where the blueberry fruit is concentrated. Supplementary mining.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the blueberry planting method in the prior art cannot control the fruit-bearing area of the blueberry, which makes the mechanized harvesting of the blueberry difficult to apply.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a standardized blueberry planting method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Plant the blueberry plants in a row, and set a gantry frame at the beginning and end of the row. The gantry frame is provided with a first installation hole. The position of the first installation hole is aligned with the blueberry fruit hanging area. The number of the first installation holes is Multiple, the first installation holes adjacent to the top and bottom should be staggered left and right; blueberry plants should choose blueberry saplings with 3-8 basal stems, more than 2 years old, and seedling height of 400-600mm, and the blueberry plant spacing should be maintained at 1500 -2000mm, the row spacing between adjacent blueberry plant rows should be maintained at 1800-2000mm; the height of the blueberry fruiting area is generally 500-1500mm, correspondingly, the first installation holes should be distributed within the height range of 500-1500mm; The length of the row is longer, and one or more gantry frames can also be arranged in the middle of the row of blueberry plants; the gantry frames at the beginning and end of the row are kept a distance between the nearest blueberry plants to reserve space for future blueberry harvesting ;

Step 2: Fix the two ends of the steel ropes to the first installation holes of the two gantry frames respectively, and the steel ropes are parallel to the blueberry plant row; A mounting hole passes through;

Step 3: Fix the fruiting branches of the blueberry plant on the steel wire;

Step 4: During the growth of the blueberry plant, loosen the increased fruit-bearing branches and continue to fix them on a higher steel rope.

The blueberry planting method of the present invention uses steel ropes to fix the fruit-bearing branches of all blueberry plants in the blueberry plant row, so that the fruit-bearing branches of the blueberry plants are neatly arranged in a row, which can facilitate both foliar fertilization and later collection of blueberry fruits, especially When the fruit is harvested by shaking method in the later stage, the user can accurately shake the fruit-hanging branches by exciting the steel rope, which can not only improve the fruit-picking efficiency but not damage the blueberry plant itself.

Further, in the step 2, the shaking frame is connected to the steel wire, the shaking frame is provided with a second installation hole corresponding to the first installation hole on the gantry frame, and the shaking frame passes through the second installation hole. The installation hole is fixed with the steel wire, the shaking frame is arranged at intervals of one or more blueberry plants, and the shaking frame is generally suspended in the middle of the front and rear blueberry plants through the second installation hole and the wire rope; the function of the shaking frame is to The steel ropes are connected, and during the later harvest, vibrating any one of the steel ropes can synchronously vibrate the other steel ropes.

Further, in the step 1, first ridges are raised on the ground, and then blueberry plants in rows are planted on the ridges; drainage ditches can be formed on the ground through ridge raising operations to achieve the effect of preventing waterlogging; generally, the height of ridges is 100- 200mm, the width of the ridge surface is 500-600mm, and the width of the ridge bottom is 800mm; dig pits on the ridge and place the seedlings in turn, mix the organic fertilizer and soil thoroughly, and then backfill the seedling pits to be slightly higher than the ridge surface, and then straighten the blueberry saplings and compact them. Planting is complete.

Further, the blueberry planting method further includes step 5: pruning the branches higher than the fruit-bearing area during the growth of the blueberry plant, and pruning the branches lower than the fruit-bearing area at the early stage of fruiting of the blueberry plant and when the blueberry plant germinates and draws new branches, mainly pruning the blueberry plant. Buds and branches within 500mm above the rhizome; some side branches of the blueberry plant may grow too high and cannot be fixed on the steel rope with a height of up to 1500mm. At this time, the side branch needs to be cut off to promote the growth of the side branch in the fruiting area. The side branches in the fruit-bearing area are fixed on the steel rope nearby, and the number of fruit-bearing branches on the steel rope is controlled to be 3-6.

Further, the gantry frame is provided with an oblique-pulled steel rope, and the oblique-pulled steel rope is used to fix the gantry frame.

The invention also provides a standardized blueberry planting auxiliary device, comprising a gantry frame and a steel rope; the gantry frame is provided with a first installation hole, the position of the first installation hole is aligned with the blueberry fruit hanging area, and the gantry frame is arranged on the blueberry plant row. At the beginning of the row, between the rows and at the end of the row, the two ends of the steel rope are respectively connected to the first installation holes of the two gantry frames and tensioned, and the steel rope is used to fix the fruiting branches of the blueberry plant.

Further, the blueberry planting auxiliary device also includes a shaking frame, the shaking frame is provided with a second installation hole corresponding to the first installation hole on the gantry frame, and the shaking frame is fixed to the steel rope through the second installation hole. , the shaking frame is arranged at intervals of one or more blueberry plants.

Further, the gantry frame is provided with an oblique-pulled steel rope, and the oblique-pulled steel rope is used to fix the gantry frame at the beginning and end of the row on the ground.

Beneficial effects: (1) The blueberry planting method of the present invention uses steel ropes to fix the fruit-bearing branches of all blueberry plants in the blueberry plant row, so that the fruit-bearing branches of the blueberry plants are neatly arranged in a row, which is convenient for mechanized care of blueberries, and is conducive to improving sprinkling irrigation. The efficiency of , foliar fertilization, insect trapping and other links also improves the lodging resistance of blueberry plants. (2) The blueberry planting method of the present invention utilizes steel ropes to connect all the fruit-bearing branches in series, and the purpose of harvesting can be achieved by exciting the steel ropes, and the vibration is accurately transmitted to the fruit-bearing branches through the steel ropes, which not only has high harvesting efficiency but also does not damage blueberries. the main body of the plant. (3) The blueberry planting method of the present invention utilizes a shaking frame to connect all the steel ropes, and the vibration shaking frame or any steel rope on it can drive all the steel ropes to vibrate, and the harvesting efficiency is higher.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a row of blueberry plants grown in Example 1 (main view).

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a row of blueberry plants grown in Example 1 (oblique view).

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of A of FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the parts of the gantry frame in Embodiment 1 (hidden cable-stayed cables).

FIG. 5 is a component diagram of the shaking frame in Embodiment 1. FIG.

Among them: 100, blueberry plant; 200, ridge; 300, gantry frame; 310, first installation hole; 320, cable-stayed wire rope; 400, shaking frame; 410, second installation hole; 500, steel wire.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the standardized blueberry planting method of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

Step 1: Raise a ridge on the ground, and then plant 100 rows of blueberry plants on ridge 200; the ridge height is 100-200mm, the width of ridge 200 is 500-600mm, and the bottom width of ridge 200 is 800mm; dig holes on ridge 200 and place seedlings in sequence , fully mix the organic fertilizer and soil, backfill the seedling pit to be slightly higher than the ridge surface, and then straighten the blueberry sapling and compact it to complete the planting; For blueberry saplings with a seedling height of 400-600mm above, the spacing between 100 blueberry plants should be kept at 1500-2000mm, and the row spacing between 100 rows of adjacent blueberry plants should be kept at 1800-2000mm;

Step 2: A gantry frame 300 is set at the beginning of the row, between the rows and at the end of the row. The structure of the gantry frame 300 is shown in Figures 3 and 4 (for the convenience of observation, only one blueberry plant is retained in Figure 3). The gantry frame 300 is in the shape of a tuning fork, the gantry frame 300 is provided with a first installation hole 310, the position of the first installation hole 310 is aligned with the fruit hanging area of the blueberry, the first installation hole 310 is five on the left and right and symmetrical on the left and right, and the first installation holes adjacent to the top and bottom are installed. The holes 310 are staggered left and right, and the height of the first installation hole 310 is between 500-1500 mm; the gantry frame 300 is also provided with a cable-stayed wire 320 for fixing;

Step 3: Fix the two ends of the wire rope 500 to the first installation holes 310 of the gantry frame 300 at the beginning and the end of the row respectively. The wire rope 500 passes through the first installation holes 310 of the gantry frames 500 is parallel to the 100 rows of blueberry plants, and the steel rope 500 is synchronously connected in series with the shaking frame 400; Corresponding to the second installation hole 410, the shaking frame 400 is fixed to the steel wire 500 through the second installation hole 410, and the shaking frame 400 is arranged at intervals of one blueberry plant 100;

Step 4: Fix the fruiting branches of the blueberry plant 100 on the steel wire 500;

Step 5: During the growth process of the blueberry plant 100, the increased fruit-bearing branches are loosened and then fixed on the higher steel rope 500;

Step 6: During the growth process of blueberry plant 100, trim the branches higher than the fruit-bearing area, trim the branches below the fruit-bearing area in the early stage of blueberry plant 100 fruiting, and trim the buds and branches within 500mm above the stem of blueberry plant 100; the part of blueberry plant 100 The side branch may grow too high and cannot be fixed on the steel rope 500 with a height of up to 1500mm. At this time, the side branch needs to be cut off, and the side branch in the fruiting area with good growth is selected to be fixed on the steel rope 500 nearby.

The blueberry planting method of this embodiment uses steel ropes 500 to fix the fruiting branches of all blueberry plants 100 in the 100 rows of blueberry plants, and the blueberry fruits are always in the height range of 500-1500mm and are arranged on both sides of the blueberry plants 100, which is convenient for both sides. Foliar fertilization can also facilitate later harvesting of blueberry fruits;

If the shaking method is used for mechanical harvesting, the user needs to use the excitation source to vibrate the shaking frame 400 or the steel rope 500 to vibrate the blueberry fruit; the vibration can be directly transmitted to the fruit-bearing branches, minimizing the damage to the blueberry plant caused by the shaking. On the other hand, the excitation source does not enter the fruit-bearing area, so as to avoid the excitation source from damaging the blueberry fruit.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in the specification, these embodiments are merely indicative and should not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Various omissions, substitutions and changes made within the scope of not departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A standardized blueberry planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: planting blueberry plants in rows, arranging a gantry frame at the head and the tail of each row, wherein the gantry frame is provided with a first mounting hole, and the position of the first mounting hole is aligned with a fruit hanging area of the blueberry;

step 2: fixing two ends of a steel rope in first mounting holes of the two gantry frames respectively, wherein the steel rope is parallel to the blueberry plant rows; connecting a shaking frame with a steel rope, wherein a second mounting hole corresponding to the first mounting hole in the gantry frame is formed in the shaking frame, the shaking frame is fixed with the steel rope through the second mounting hole, and the shaking frame is arranged at intervals of one or more blueberry plants;

and step 3: fixing fruit bearing branches of blueberry plants on steel ropes;

and 4, step 4: in the growing process of blueberry plants, the heightened bearing branches are loosely bound and then continuously fixed on the higher steel ropes.

2. The standardized blueberry planting method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, one or more gantry frames are also arranged in the middle of the blueberry plants.

3. The standardized blueberry planting method of claim 2, wherein: in the step 1, the portal frames at the head and the tail of the row keep a distance of one plant spacing from the nearest blueberry plant.

4. The standardized blueberry planting method of claim 3, wherein: in step 1, the ground is ridged first, and then rows of blueberry plants are planted on the ridges.

5. The standardized blueberry planting method of claim 4, wherein: further comprising the step 5: and pruning branches higher than the bearing area in the growth process of the blueberry plants, and pruning branches lower than the bearing area in the early bearing period of the blueberry plants.

6. The standardized blueberry planting method of claim 5, wherein: and a cable-stayed steel rope is arranged on the gantry frame.

7. The utility model provides an auxiliary device is planted to standardized blueberry, its characterized in that: comprises a gantry frame, a steel rope and a shaking frame; the first mounting holes are formed in the gantry frames, the positions of the first mounting holes are aligned with fruit hanging areas of the blueberries, the gantry frames are arranged at the head, between the rows and at the tail of the row of the blueberry plants, two ends of a steel rope are respectively connected with the first mounting holes of the two gantry frames and are tensioned, and the steel rope is used for fixing fruit hanging branches of the blueberry plants;

the shaking frame is provided with a second mounting hole corresponding to the first mounting hole in the gantry frame, the shaking frame is fixed with the steel rope through the second mounting hole, and the shaking frame is arranged at intervals of one or more blueberry plants.

8. The standardized blueberry planting auxiliary device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and a cable-stayed steel rope is arranged on the gantry frame.

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