CN112683014A - 一种淀粉止血微球中有机溶剂的脱除方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种淀粉止血微球中有机溶剂的脱除方法,包括如下步骤:1、取待干燥的淀粉止血微球,将其平铺在干燥托盘上,注意尽量均匀且铺薄;2、取吸附剂,将其分装入透析纸袋内密封;3、将上两步完成的托盘和透析纸袋分层放至低温真空烘箱的隔板,设置烘箱温度0~20℃,然后抽真空,保压15~48小时。本发明提供的方法能够将淀粉止血微球中的有机溶剂残留降至0.05%以下,满足医疗器械相关标准要求,提高产品的安全性。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种淀粉止血微球中有机溶剂的脱除方法,属于医疗器械领域。
背景技术:
淀粉止血微球是以淀粉为原料制备的可吸收植入医疗器械。产品生产中,需将配制的淀粉溶液经乳化、交联等工艺制备成微球颗粒,并且在生产后期将体系中存在交联剂、乳化剂等去除,由于所制备的微球颗粒具有吸水性,无法用水清洗,需用有机溶剂进行清洗,同时有利于脱除颗粒中的水分。因此,该产品在生产过程中往往不可避免地使用有机溶剂,如果干燥方法不适宜将会造成产品中存在过量的溶剂残留。溶剂残留是医药行业产品不可忽视的问题,特别是对于植入级医疗器械,产品中存在的溶剂经组织液渗透进入人体,可能引发人体组织炎症反应,甚至中毒。为此,制造商需要通过制定合理的工艺,以去除溶剂残留至安全限值,以确保产品在人体内使用的生物安全性,通常医疗器械的溶剂残留的标准可以参考《中华人民共和国药典》(以下称:药典)的要求,药典第三部0861残留溶剂测定法中对药物中常见溶剂的残留限度做出规定,如乙醇、乙酸乙酯等第三类溶剂(即药品GMP或其他质量要求限制使用)限度值为0.5%。此限值为产品溶剂残留限的最低要求。
对于淀粉止血微球产品,常见的溶剂脱除方法包括真空干燥、喷雾干燥、鼓风干燥和冷冻干燥,如发明专利CN102406956B——一种淀粉止血微球及其制备方法中描述的微球经洗涤后喷雾干燥而成。在这些方法中,除冷冻干燥外,其余均是用高温挥发或高温结合低压挥发的原理将有机溶剂脱除,而淀粉止血微球使用的有机溶剂通常为低沸的乙酸乙酯、乙醇等,高温往往能使微球表面的溶剂快速挥发,微球内部的溶剂却受表面包裹作用而无法脱除。这种情况下,可通过进一步提高温度以改变微球表面结构而脱除残留溶剂,而这时容易造成产品发黄变性,且损耗能量大。相比而言,低温下利用溶剂升华-凝华的冷冻干燥可以避免上述缺陷,似乎是一个合理的方法。然而,有机溶剂的熔点很低,如乙醇的熔点约-114℃,需要很大的能量完成乙醇冷冻,使用能耗过高。因此,冷冻干燥也不适用于工业化生产中有机溶剂的脱除。
发明内容:
针对现有技术方法的缺陷,本发明提出一种针对淀粉止血微球中有机溶剂的脱除方法。
本发明为达到上述目的,是通过这样的技术方案来实现的:
一种针对淀粉止血微球中有机溶剂的脱除方法,它包括以下制备步骤:
(1)取待干燥的淀粉止血微球,将其平铺在干燥托盘上,注意尽量均匀且铺薄;
(2)按待干燥产品质量的20%~100%比例取吸附剂,将其分装入透析纸袋内密封;
(3)将载有淀粉止血微球的托盘和装有吸附剂的透析纸袋分层放至低温真空烘箱的隔板,设置烘箱温度0~20℃,然后抽真空,保压15~48小时。
进一步地,步骤(2)中所述的吸附剂为干燥的固体,其对有机气体具有物理吸附功能,主要作用在于吸附淀粉止血微球挥发出的有机气体。
优选的,所述的吸附剂为活性炭、分子筛、黏土、金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)、高聚物吸附树脂中的一种或多种。
优选的,可使用价格低廉的活性炭或分子筛作为步骤(2)中的吸附剂。
本发明所采用的方法步骤是基于淀粉止血微球生产加工中常用低沸溶剂进行设计的。本发明通过低温负压的方式使淀粉止血微球中的溶剂逐渐缓慢地挥发出来,该方式下淀粉止血微球中溶剂能够彻底挥发,避免高温下微球表面的溶剂快速挥发,而微球内部的溶剂被包裹无法释出。同时,本发明通过吸附剂能够将挥发出来的有机气体吸附,降低负压密闭体系中有机气体的平衡压,促使微球中的有机溶剂挥发完全。
本发明还采用具有气体穿透功能的透析纸袋将吸附剂密封起来并在烘箱中与淀粉止血微球独立分层放置,在保障有效吸附有机气体时避免吸附剂与淀粉止血微球接触造成的交叉污染。
本发明的有益效果在于,提供了一种针对淀粉止血微球中有机溶剂的脱除方法。本发明能够针对淀粉止血微球生产加工中常用低沸溶剂(如乙醇、乙酸乙酯)进行有效的脱除,经本发明的实施,可将淀粉止血微球中的溶剂残留降低至0.05%以下(测试方法:微球酶解后取溶液经气相测试),远低于药典要求的限度,提高了淀粉止血微球的安全性。表1展示了本发明与常用的高温真空干燥法去除淀粉止血微球中乙醇、乙酸乙酯的效果对比,由表中数据可见,本发明除溶剂效果远优于普通的高温真空干燥法。并且,本发明方法对产品吸水率、初始污染菌量基本无影响,未改变产品性能。
表1.淀粉止血微球不同干燥方式的检测结果对比
注1:按实施例1方法。
注2:按实施例6中2号样品方法。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施方式示意图;图中:1、低温真空烘箱,2、箱体,3、隔板,4、独立分层放置的待干燥样品托盘,5、独立分层放置的装有吸附剂的透析纸袋。
图2为经本发明实施例1处理的淀粉止血微球中残留乙醇、乙酸乙酯的气相检测结果。
具体实施方式:
下面通过介绍本发明的实施例,以进一步阐明本发明实质性特点和显著的进步,但本发明决非限于实施例。
实施例1:
(1)取适量待干燥的淀粉止血微球,将其平铺在干燥托盘上,注意尽量均匀且铺薄;
(2)按待干燥产品质量的55%比例取活性炭颗粒,将其分装入透析纸袋内密封;
(3)如图1所示,将载有淀粉止血微球的托盘和装有吸附剂的透析纸袋独立分层放至低温真空烘箱1箱体2内的隔板3上,放置后其位置如4、5所示,关闭烘箱门,设置烘箱1的温度12℃,然后抽真空至-0.08MPa,保压24小时。
取产品,在纯化水中经淀粉酶酶解后,经气相法测试淀粉止血微球中乙醇、乙酸乙酯含量如图2所示,其中数据见下表:
实施例2:
(1)取适量待干燥的淀粉止血微球,将其平铺在干燥托盘上,注意尽量均匀且铺薄;
(2)按待干燥产品质量的60%比例取4A分子筛,将其分装入透析纸袋内密封;
(3)如图1所示,将载有淀粉止血微球的托盘和装有吸附剂的透析纸袋分层放至低温真空烘箱1箱体2内的隔板3上,放置后其位置如4、5所示,关闭烘箱门,设置烘箱1温度20℃,然后抽真空至-0.05MPa,保压15小时。
取产品,在纯化水中经淀粉酶酶解后,经气相法测试淀粉止血微球中乙醇、乙酸乙酯含量如下表:
乙醇含量 | 0.008% |
乙酸乙酯含量 | 0.009% |
实施例3:
(1)取适量待干燥的淀粉止血微球,将其平铺在干燥托盘上,注意尽量均匀且铺薄;
(2)按待干燥产品质量的100%比例取黏土,将其分装入透析纸袋内密封;
(3)如图1所示,将载有淀粉止血微球的托盘和装有吸附剂的透析纸袋独立分层放至低温真空烘箱1箱体2内的隔板3上,放置后其位置如4、5所示,关闭烘箱门,设置烘箱温度0℃,然后抽真空-0.1MPa,保压48小时。
取产品,在纯化水中经淀粉酶酶解后,经气相法测试淀粉止血微球中乙醇、乙酸乙酯含量如下表:
乙醇含量 | 0.006% |
乙酸乙酯含量 | 0.010% |
实施例4:
(1)取适量待干燥的淀粉止血微球,将其平铺在干燥托盘上,注意尽量均匀且铺薄;
(2)按待干燥产品质量的20%比例取金属有机骨架材料(MOFs),将其分装入透析纸袋内密封;
(3)如图1所示,将载有淀粉止血微球的托盘和装有吸附剂的透析纸袋独立分层放至低温真空烘箱1箱体2内的隔板3上,放置后其位置如4、5所示,关闭烘箱门,设置烘箱温度0℃,然后抽真空-0.1MPa,保压48小时。
取产品,在纯化水中经淀粉酶酶解后,经气相法测试淀粉止血微球中乙醇、乙酸乙酯含量如下:
实施例5:
(1)取适量待干燥的淀粉止血微球,将其平铺在干燥托盘上,注意尽量均匀且铺薄;
(2)按待干燥产品质量的50%比例取高聚物吸附树脂,将其分装入透析纸袋内密封;
(3)如图1所示,将载有淀粉止血微球的托盘和装有吸附剂的透析纸袋独立分层放至低温真空烘箱1箱体2内的隔板3上,放置后其位置如4、5所示,关闭烘箱门,设置烘箱温度0℃,然后抽真空-0.1MPa,保压48小时。
取产品,在纯化水中经淀粉酶酶解后,经气相法测试淀粉止血微球中乙醇、乙酸乙酯含量如下:
乙醇含量 | 0.023% |
乙酸乙酯含量 | 0.008% |
实施例6:
(1)按实施例1方法取淀粉止血微球干燥,此批标记为1号;
(2)取与实施例1等量待干燥的淀粉止血微球,均匀且薄地平铺在干燥托盘上,此批标记为2号;
(3)将载有2号样品的托盘放入普通真空烘箱中,设置烘箱温度70℃,真空-0.1MPa,保压24小时。
检测:分别取1号和2号样品,在纯化水中经淀粉酶酶解后,经气相法分别测试产品中乙醇、乙酸乙酯含量;通过分别称量1号和2号样品饱和吸水前后的质量,测得其吸水率;按药典四部通则1100生物检查法检测样品初始污染菌量结果如下:
Claims (2)
1.一种淀粉止血微球中有机溶剂的脱除方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)取待干燥的淀粉止血微球,将其平铺在干燥托盘上;
(2)按待干燥产品质量的20%~100%比例取吸附剂,将其分装入透析纸袋内密封,所述吸附剂为能够吸附有机气体的吸附剂;
(3)将载有淀粉止血微球的托盘和装有吸附剂的透析纸袋分层放至低温真空烘箱的隔板,设置烘箱温度0~20℃,然后抽真空至负压-0.1~-0.05MPa,保压15~48小时。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种淀粉止血微球中有机溶剂的脱除方法,其特征在于,所述的吸附剂为活性炭、分子筛、黏土、金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)、高聚物吸附树脂中一种或多种的对有机气体干燥且具有物理吸附功能的固体。
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