CN112522960A - 一种板蓝根复合布料 - Google Patents

一种板蓝根复合布料 Download PDF

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CN112522960A
CN112522960A CN202011296904.5A CN202011296904A CN112522960A CN 112522960 A CN112522960 A CN 112522960A CN 202011296904 A CN202011296904 A CN 202011296904A CN 112522960 A CN112522960 A CN 112522960A
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radix isatidis
fabric layer
isatis root
fibers
modified
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CN112522960B (zh
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吕书磊
丁祥国
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Shaoxing Baihui Textile Co ltd
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Shaoxing Baihui Textile Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using knitted fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
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    • C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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    • D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
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    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/02—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fibres, slivers or rovings
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    • D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
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    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/188—Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
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    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • D06M17/04—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics by applying synthetic resins as adhesives
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及布料领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种板蓝根复合面料，包括功能面料层，功能面料层由通过改性板蓝根和锦纶纤维混纺得到的活性纤维经编而成，其中改性板蓝根纤维通过将板蓝根纤维浸泡于含有多元羧酸、壳聚糖、催化酸、其他助剂的水溶液中，再热处理得到。上述板蓝根复合面料通过壳聚糖减少了板蓝根中活性抗菌物质在洗涤过程中的流失，提高了该板蓝根复合面料的长效抗菌效果。

Description

一种板蓝根复合布料
技术领域
本申请涉及布料领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种板蓝根复合面料。
背景技术
板蓝根是一种传统中草药，由于板蓝根内存在多种活性物质(如吲哚类生物碱、小分子有机酸、类黄酮物质等)，具有一定的抗菌和抗病毒活性。
板蓝根纤维是一种添加了板蓝根活性成分的纤维，其具有一定的抗菌效果。通过板蓝根纤维进行纺丝，可以将板蓝根本身的抗菌活性融入到面料中，进而获得具有一定抗菌活性的面料。
但是，由于板蓝根中的活性成分一般不能很好地吸附于面料上，在长期穿着或洗涤的过程中，会导致板蓝根中的活性成分流失，进而导致面料的抗菌能力减弱。
发明内容
为了提高面料的长效抗菌能力，本申请提供一种板蓝根复合面料。
本申请提供的一种板蓝根复合面料，采用如下的技术方案：一种板蓝根复合布料，包括功能面料层，所述功能面料层由活性纤维经编而成，所述活性纤维通过改性板蓝根纤维和锦纶纤维混纺编制而成，其中，改性板蓝根纤维占比为15～70％；所述活性纤维的纤度为55～1200d，所述板蓝根纤维表面进行改性，具体包括如下步骤：
S1、按如下质量份数物料配制改性剂：
多元羧酸：0.8～2.9％；
壳聚糖：3～10％；
催化酸：0.1～1％；
其他助剂：0～6.9％；
水：余量；
S2、将板蓝根纤维在20～60℃下浸泡于上述改性剂中，浸泡时间为0.5～4h；
S3、将步骤S2中浸泡完毕的板蓝根纤维在烘箱下以不高于70℃的温度进行热处理并烘干，热处理时间为1～15h，得到改性板蓝根纤维。
在上述技术方案中，选用了板蓝根纤维与锦纶纤维共同经编得到，并在经编前对板蓝根纤维先进行改性处理。在改性过程中，先将板蓝根纤维浸没于改性剂中，在上述过程中，在氢键相互作用下，壳聚糖会吸附于板蓝根纤维的表面，进而形成保护膜，多元羧酸在催化酸的作用下，可以在板蓝根纤维表面形成接枝交联的体系，使板蓝根纤维与壳聚糖之间的吸附更加紧密，进而限制壳聚糖在清洗过程中从板蓝根纤维的表面脱附。
将板蓝根纤维在适当的温度下浸泡于上述改性剂中，可以使壳聚糖对板蓝根纤维形成较好的包覆结构，在上述包覆过程中，由于壳聚糖具有较好的生物相容性，可以对板蓝根纤维中的活性物质起到一定的吸附和固定作用，进而有助于减少板蓝根纤维中活性物质的流失，使板蓝根纤维在经过多次洗涤后依然具有较好的抗菌效果。
优选的，所述多元羧酸为顺丁烯二酸酐。
采用顺丁烯二酸酐作为接枝偶联剂，顺丁烯二酸酐上的双键具有较好的刚性，使纤维和纤维之间不易发生过密的团聚，进而导致其抗菌效果相对减弱。同时，顺丁烯二酸酐在反应过程中可以更好的吸附壳聚糖，进而起到更好的长效灭菌效果。
优选的，所述催化酸为硫酸、盐酸中的至少一种。
在上述技术方案中选用硫酸、盐酸、磷酸中的一种，在反应结束后便于进行后处理，且催化效率较高，对容器的腐蚀较小，具有更好的经济效应。
优选的，所述其他助剂包括占改性剂如下质量分数的组分：
聚乙二醇：0.5～2.2％；
抗静电剂：0.2～0.7％；
表面活性剂：2～4％。
在上述技术方案中，额外添加了聚乙二醇进行改性。聚乙二醇具有较好的保湿性和分散性，一方面可以与表面活性剂共同作用，有助于壳聚糖均匀分散，提高壳聚糖在水中的溶解性，另一方面也可以附着于板蓝根纤维的表面，提高板蓝根纤维表面与壳聚糖之间的粘结强度，同时，聚乙二醇生物相容性较好，在少量添加的情况下有助于进一步提高板蓝根活性物质与纤维之间的相容性，具有更好的长效灭菌效果。另外，上述技术方案中增加了抗静电剂，有助于减少经编过程中板蓝根纤维和锦纶纤维之间的静电作用，进而使经编过程更加顺利。
优选的，所述其他助剂还包括占改性剂总质量0.1～0.6％的硬脂酸盐。
硬脂酸盐在体系中，一方面可以释放出硬脂酸根作为表面活性剂，提高体系的相容性，同时硬脂酸根也可以偶联于板蓝根纤维的表面，提高板蓝根纤维表面壳聚糖分布的均匀程度。另外，金属离子可以与壳聚糖可以发生配位作用，使壳聚糖表面带有一定的正电荷，从而进一步提高该板蓝根复合布料的抗菌效果。
优选的，所述其他助剂还包括占改性剂总质量0.8～2.0％的羧基改性二氧化硅微球。
羧基改性的二氧化硅微球，一方面具有较好的耐磨性能，可以提高壳聚糖体系的耐磨性，且其表面经羧基改性后，能够与壳聚糖发生较好的交联效果，增强壳聚糖在板蓝根纤维表面的吸附作用，使得壳聚糖本身不易从板蓝根纤维表面脱离。
优选的，在步骤S3中，在气压小于0.1kPa的状态下进行热处理，在热处理过程中，以0.1～0.5℃/min的速度进行升温，初始温度为20～25℃，终点温度为60～80℃。
在上述技术方案中，在低压作用下采用逐渐升温的方式进行热处理，一方面可以除去纤维浸泡后其中吸附的水，进而使壳聚糖更加牢固地吸附于板蓝根纤维的表面，同时在上述过程中，真空状态可以使水分子更快地逸散，不易残留于纤维内部。逐渐升高温度可以使壳聚糖和板蓝根纤维之间逐渐发生复杂的交联结构，相较于直接进行高温加热，可以获得更好的耐磨强度。另外，在上述过程中，整体温度较低，有助于减少加热对于板蓝根中的有效物质的破坏，从而进一步提高板蓝根纤维的抗菌性能。
优选的，还包括一层或两层前底面料层，所述功能面料层贴合于前底面料层，该复合面料通过将粘结涂料涂覆于功能面料层后，将前底面料层覆盖于功能面料层上，再热处理得到。
通过前底面料层和功能面料层进行复合，并通过粘结剂进行粘合。前底面料层一方面可以对布料的整体触感和性质进行一定程度的修饰，使布料具有更好的触感。
优选的，所述粘结涂料具体包括如下质量分数组分：
水性丙烯酸树脂：6～20％
聚乙烯醇：1～5％
硅丙乳液：0.5～2％；
乳化剂：2～10％；
染料：0～2％；
余量为水。
在上述技术方案中，采用水性丙烯酸树脂体系作为胶黏剂，水性丙烯酸树脂与壳聚糖具有较好的适应性，可以更加有效地提高壳聚糖和前底面料层之间的粘结强度，进而提高功能面料层和前底面料层之间的粘结力。另外，在上述技术方案中在乳化剂和聚乙烯醇，乳化剂可以提高水性丙烯酸树脂在体系内分布的均匀性，同时也可以附着于壳聚糖表面，使壳聚糖形成更加稳定的结构。另外，聚乙烯醇在后续反应过程中可以降低体系固化所需要的温度，形成更加牢固的粘结体系。硅丙乳液的加入有助于进一步提高固化后功能面料层和前底面料层之间的粘结强度。
优选的，在将前底面料层覆盖于功能面料层(1)上后，在真空下加热至60～80℃进行消泡处理，消泡时间为2～5min，完毕后再进行热压，热压温度为100～120℃。
在上述技术方案中，采用真空消泡处理，随后进行烘干，再在120℃下进行热压，降低了整个热处理过程的温度。由于粘结涂料包括聚乙烯醇、乳化剂和硅丙乳液，因此在较低的温度下也可以获得较好的缠绕交联结构，使得功能面料层可以更加牢固地与前底面料层结合的同时，功能面料层中的板蓝根活性物质不易因高温而破坏，进而使面料保持更好的抗菌效果。
综上所述，本申请具有以下有益效果：
1、在本申请中，通过对板蓝根纤维进行改性后，再与锦纶纤维混纺为活性纤维，通过活性纤维经编得到功能面料层，在改性过程中，通过壳聚糖对板蓝根纤维进行包覆，使得板蓝根纤维中的活性物质不易在水洗过程中流失，进而有助于提高该板蓝根复合布料的长效抗菌性能。
2、在本申请中，额外添加了聚乙二醇、抗静电剂和表面活性剂，通过聚乙二醇的可以提高板蓝根纤维和壳聚糖之间的粘结强度，进一步提高了该板蓝根复合布料的长效抗菌效果。
3.在本申请中，添加羧基改性二氧化硅微球，可以进一步提高整体的耐磨性能，同时也有助于壳聚糖体系均匀分布，使板蓝根纤维的抗菌性能得到进一步的提高。
4、在本申请中，通过在以水性丙烯酸树脂为基材的粘结涂料中添加聚乙烯醇和乳化剂，提高了粘结强度的同时也降低了加工所需要的温度，使该板蓝根复合面料的长效抗菌效果更佳。
附图说明
图1是实施例29～34中板蓝根复合面料的结构示意图。
图中，1、功能面料层；2、前底面料层。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
在以下实施例和制备例中，部分原料的购买来源如表1所示。
表1、部分原料来源表
Figure BDA0002785663890000041
Figure BDA0002785663890000051
原料和/或中间体的制备例
制备例1～15
一种改性板蓝根纤维，通过如下技术方案进行改性：
S1、按照固定比例配置改性剂；
S2、将板蓝根纤维在40±2℃的条件下浸泡于上述改性剂中，浸泡时间为2h；
S3、将浸泡完毕的板蓝根纤维在烘箱中保持65±1℃的温度区间进行热处理，热处理时间为5h，得到改性板蓝根纤维。
制备例1～15中的的改性剂配方具体如表2所示。
制备例1～15中各组分质量份数表
Figure BDA0002785663890000052
其中，多元羧酸选用顺丁烯二酸酐，催化酸为硫酸，硬脂酸盐为硬脂酸钙，抗静电剂为通用型永久抗静电剂(购买来源见表1)，表面活性剂为吐温-60。
制备例16
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例1的区别在于，催化酸为氯化氢。
制备例17
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例1的区别在于，多元羧酸选用丁二酸酐。
制备例18
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例1的区别在于，多元羧酸选用邻苯二甲酸。
制备例19
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例1的区别在于，多元羧酸选用草酸。
制备例20
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例15的区别在于，用等量不经改性的二氧化硅微球替换而羧基改性的二氧化硅微球。
制备例21
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例12的区别在于，用等物质的量的硬脂酸锌替换硬脂酸钙。
制备例22
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例15的区别在于，在步骤S3中，热处理时间为1h。
制备例23
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例15的区别在于，在步骤S3中，热处理时间为15h。
制备例24
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例15的区别在于，在步骤S3中，采用逐渐升温的方式进行热处理，其中升温速率为0.5℃/min，初始温度为20℃，终点温度为60℃。
制备例25
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例15的区别在于，在步骤S3中，采用逐渐升温的方式进行热处理，升温速率为0.1℃/min，初始温度为25℃，终点温度为80℃。
制备例26
一种改性板蓝根纤维，与制备例25的区别在于，在步骤S3中，整个过程在气压小于0.1kPa的状态下进行。
实施例
实施例1～26
一种板蓝根复合布料，由功能面料层组成，其中功能面料层通过活性纤维经编而成，活性纤维通过改性板蓝根纤维和锦纶纤维混纺制成，其中改性板蓝根纤维所占质量比为40％；活性纤维的纤度为300d/75f。其中，改性板蓝根纤维分别为制备例1～26中所制得的改性板蓝根纤维。
实施例27
一种板蓝根复合布料，与实施例26的区别在于，改性板蓝根纤维所占活性纤维的质量比为70％，活性纤维的纤度为1200d/150f。
实施例28
一种板蓝根复合布料，与实施例26的区别在于，改性板蓝根纤维所占活性纤维的质量比为15％，活性纤维的纤度为55d/5f。
实施例29～34
一种板蓝根复合布料，如图1所示，由相互贴合的一层功能面料层1和一层前底面料层2组成，其中功能面料层1与实施例26相同，前底面料层2为锦纶面料。该复合面料通过如下工艺制备：按照表3所示的配方配制粘结涂料，随后将粘结涂料涂覆于功能面料层1上，再将前底面料层2覆盖于功能面料层1涂覆有粘结涂料的一面上，随后通过热压的方式将功能面料层1与前底面料层2压合，热压温度为120℃。
表3、实施例29～34中所用粘结涂料的成分表
Figure BDA0002785663890000071
其中，乳化剂为斯盘20和吐温80以2:1形成的混合体系，染料为炭黑粉末。
实施例35
一种板蓝根复合布料，与实施例29的区别在于，热压温度为100℃。
实施例36
一种板蓝根复合布料，与实施例29的区别在于，热压温度为150℃。
实施例37
一种板蓝根复合布料，与实施例29的区别在于，将前底面料层福高于功能面料层后，在真空条件下加热至60℃消泡处理，消泡时间为2min，完毕后在进行热压，热压温度为120℃。
实施例38
一种板蓝根复合布料，与实施例29的区别在于，将前底面料层2覆盖于功能面料层1后，在真空条件下加热至80℃消泡处理，消泡时间为5min，完毕后在进行热压，热压温度为120℃。
对比例
对比例1
一种板蓝根复合布料，包括功能面料层，功能面料层通过活性纤维经编而成，活性纤维通过板蓝根纤维和锦纶纤维混纺编制而成。其中。板蓝根纤维占活性纤维的质量分数为40％，活性纤维的纤度为300d/75f。
对比例2
一种板蓝根复合布料，与实施例29的区别在于，其中所用的功能面料层与对比例1中的功能面料层相同。
检测方法/试验方法
实验1、对上述板蓝根复合布料分别进行0次、30次、60次的洗涤，之后参照国家标准GB/T20944.3-2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分：振荡法》进行抗菌性定量测试，分别测定该板蓝根复合纤维对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌的抑菌效果。
在实验1中，洗涤时采用市售工业洗衣粉(购买来源：广州胜欣化工科技有限公司)，单次洗涤时，工业洗衣粉与板蓝根复合布料的加入比例为1:50，单次洗涤时间为20min，水温为38℃。
实验2、对实施例29～38，参照实验1中的方法进行100次洗涤，观察是否有翘边、面料分离的现象。
首先，针对实施例1～21及对比例1～2，进行实验1，实验结果如表4所示。
表4、实施例1～21及对比例1～2的抗菌活性
Figure BDA0002785663890000081
Figure BDA0002785663890000091
通过上述实验数据可知，与对比例1相比，实施例1～4在对板蓝根复合纤维进行改性后，其长效抗菌效果明显提高，经过60次洗涤后，依旧可以保持75％左右的抑菌效果，具有较好的抗菌性能。上述效果一方面源于壳聚糖对于板蓝根纤维的包覆作用，使板蓝根纤维中的有效成分可以更好地留存于纤维上，不易脱附，同时壳聚糖也可以在一定程度上也可以提高抗菌效果，这一效果体现于0次洗涤时的数据上。在实施例5～15中在改性剂中进一步对其他助剂进行了调整，其中，实施例5～7中添加了聚乙二醇、抗静电剂和表面活性剂的组合，通过聚乙二醇和表面活性剂的相互作用，进一步提高了该板蓝根复合布料的长效抗菌效果，其原理可能在于聚乙二醇和表面活性剂的相互作用可以提高壳聚糖层的强度。在实施例8～10中可知，缺少抗静电剂对纤维本身的抗菌效果影响不大，但是在实际生产中，会导致后续生产过程中纤维之间较难复合编制形成布料，降低了生产效率。而缺少聚乙二醇和表面活性剂中的任意一者均会导致其提高长效抗菌能力的效果消失。
进一步地，在实施例11～15中，在改性剂中分别额外添加了硬脂酸盐和羧基改性二氧化硅微球。二者均有较好的提高长效抗菌效果的能力，且加入速记改性的二氧化硅微球还可以进一步提高布料的耐磨性能。但是在实施例20中，换用未经羧基改性的二氧化硅微球，则无法起到类似的效果，证明了二氧化硅实际上是通过其表面交联性能提高长效抗菌性能的。在实施例21中，用硬脂酸锌替换硬脂酸钙，同样具有较好的长效抗菌性能。
在实施例16中替换了改性剂中的催化酸，对于布料的长效抗菌性能无明显影响。理论上，采用一定浓度的中强酸或强酸均可以起到催化的效果。实施例17～19中，替换了多元羧酸，相较于实施例1，其抑菌效果均有所下降，证明了选用顺丁烯二酸酐在此处具有一定的优越性能。
进一步地，对实施例22～26进行实验1，并与实施例15进行对比，得到结果如表5所示。
表5、实施例22～26与实施例15在实验1中实验结果对比
Figure BDA0002785663890000101
通过上述实验数据可知，在实施例5的基础上，在板蓝根纤维改性的过程中，进一步地采用逐渐升温的方式进行热处理，有助于进一步提高所制得的板蓝根复合布料长效抗菌效果，同时在热处理的过程中提高真空度同样具有提高抗菌效果的优点。推测上述现象的原因可能在于，缓慢升温过程有助于控制体系的固化速度，进一步提高体系内各高分子的交联性能。同时低压处理也有助于减少体系中有效成分被氧化，进而进一步提高布料的抗菌效果和长效抗菌效果。
在上述实验的基础上，进一步对实施例27～38进行实验1，并与实施例26进行比对，具体结果如表6所示。
表6、实施例26～38及对比例1的抗菌活性
Figure BDA0002785663890000102
Figure BDA0002785663890000111
在实施例26～38中，对复合布料的结构以及加工工艺进行了调整。其中，实施例26～28与实施例1～25相同，均为单层布料，而实施例29～38为双层布料。一般情况下，布料的层结构对于布料的抗菌性能没有明显影响，但是在实施例36中，由于布料复合过程中温度过高，进而导致板蓝根中的有效成分破坏，导致其抗菌活性降低。
进一步地，针对实施例29～38，进行实验2，实验结果如表7所示。
表7、实施例29～38的粘结强度实验结果
实施例 实验结果
实施例29 基本无翘边现象
实施例30 基本无翘边现象
实施例31 基本无翘边现象
实施例32 面料有翘边，但无明显分离
实施例33 面料松动，部分位置发生分离
实施例34 面料有翘边，但无明显分离
实施例35 有少量翘边
实施例36 基本无翘边现象
实施例37 无翘边现象
实施例38 无翘边现象
通过上述实验结果可知，在实施例29～38中，实施例29～31的粘结涂料中含有水性丙烯酸树脂、聚乙烯醇、硅丙乳液和乳化剂的组成，可以提供相对较好的粘结能力，且二者的复合过程仅需要100～120℃的热压过程。在热处理过程中，先消泡再进行热压可以进一步提高粘结强度。经试验，实施例37中的复合面料在洗涤300次以上仍未出现翘边现象，效果较好。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释，其并不是对本申请的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (10)

1.一种板蓝根复合布料，其特征在于，包括功能面料层（1），所述功能面料层（1）由活性纤维经编而成，所述活性纤维通过改性板蓝根纤维和锦纶纤维混纺编制而成，其中，改性板蓝根纤维占比为15～70%；所述活性纤维的纤度为55～1200d，所述板蓝根纤维表面进行改性，具体包括如下步骤：
S1、按如下质量份数物料配制改性剂：
多元羧酸：0.8～2.9%；
壳聚糖：3～10%；
催化酸：0.1～1%；
其他助剂：0～6.9%；
水：余量；
S2、将板蓝根纤维在20～60℃下浸泡于上述改性剂中，浸泡时间为0.5～4h；
S3、将步骤S2中浸泡完毕的板蓝根纤维在烘箱下以不高于70℃的温度进行热处理并烘干，热处理时间为1～15h，得到改性板蓝根纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种板蓝根复合布料，其特征在于，所述多元羧酸为顺丁烯二酸酐。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种板蓝根复合布料，其特征在于，所述催化酸为硫酸、盐酸中的至少一种。
4.根据权求2所述的一种板蓝根复合布料，其特征在于，所述其他助剂包括占改性剂如下质量分数的组分：
聚乙二醇：0.5～2.2%；
抗静电剂：0.2～0.7%；
表面活性剂：2～4%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种板蓝根复合布料，其特征在于，所述其他助剂还包括占改性剂总质量0.1～0.6%的硬脂酸盐。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种板蓝根复合布料，其特征在于，所述其他助剂还包括占改性剂总质量0.8～2.0%的羧基改性二氧化硅微球。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种板蓝根复合布料，其特征在于，在步骤S3中，在气压小于0.1kPa的状态下进行热处理，在热处理过程中，以0.1～0.5℃/min的速度进行升温，初始温度为20～25℃，终点温度为60～80℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种板蓝根复合面料，其特征在于，还包括一层或两层前底面料层（2），所述功能面料层（1）贴合于前底面料层（2），该复合面料通过将粘结涂料涂覆于功能面料层（1）后，将前底面料层（2）覆盖于功能面料层（1）上，再热处理得到。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种板蓝根复合面料，其特征在于，所述粘结涂料具体包括如下质量分数组分：
水性丙烯酸树脂：6～20%；
聚乙烯醇：1～5%；
硅丙乳液：0.5～2%；
乳化剂：2～10%；
染料：0～2%；
余量为水。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种板蓝根复合面料，其特征在于，在将前底面料层覆盖于功能面料层（1）上后，在真空下加热至60～80℃进行消泡处理，消泡时间为2～5min，完毕后再进行热压，热压温度为100～120℃。
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