CN110983790A - 一种织物用自发热储能整理剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种织物用自发热储能整理剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种织物用自发热储能整理剂及其制备方法，该整理剂按重量份数计包括以下原料：20‑30份多孔吸湿剂、10‑20份远红外粉体、10‑20份相变微胶囊，余量为水。上述织物用自发热储能整理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将多孔吸湿剂、远红外粉体、相变微胶囊与水混合、搅拌后制得。本发明的远红外粉体与多孔吸湿剂的协同作用，延长了织物的发热时间，提高了发热量，添加的相变微胶囊可以保持温升后的温度在人体皮肤温度附近，具有储能功效，三者共同使面料在低湿环境下的吸附发热及储能功效更加优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种整理剂及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种织物用自发热储能整理剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
发热材料根据其发热方式可分为吸湿发热材料、电发热材料、化学能发热材料、相变发热材料及太阳能发热材料。人体在正常活动时除了出汗，还会不知不觉地通过皮肤散失水分，我们称之为无感蒸发。吸湿发热材料就是利用材料大分子上的极性基团来捕捉无感蒸发出的水分子，将其吸附并固定在材料表面，使其动能转变为热能，从而达到发热的效果。
对于吸湿性较差的化学纤维，常通过接枝共聚的方法，在化纤分子结构内引入亲水性基团，来提高吸湿发热性能。在吸湿发热后整理技术方面，CN109505122公开了一种耐久发热整理剂，采用多元醇或聚多元醇作为发热基材料，依靠环糊精的包合及粘合剂的作用，提高了吸湿发热性能的耐洗性。CN205866001公开了一种吸湿发热服装，其中采用的是一类聚丙烯酸树脂乳液作为吸湿发热整理剂。此外，CN109941952公开了一种含吸湿发热材料、远红外材料和相变材料的被服气凝胶填充结构。CN102605614公开了一种具有双向调温功能的发热纤维材料。
现有的改性吸湿发热纤维、吸湿发热整理剂、或是吸湿发热材料与其他类型发热材料的复配技术在低湿环境中的吸湿量有限，吸湿饱和后不再具备发热性能，人体无感蒸发条件下的发热量不足且发热时间短暂。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的是提供一种在低湿环境中吸湿发热及储能效果更加优异的织物用自发热储能整理剂；
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种织物用自发热储能整理剂的制备方法。
技术方案：本发明的织物用自发热储能整理剂，按重量份数计包括以下原料：20-30份多孔吸湿剂、10-20份远红外粉体、10-20份相变微胶囊，余量为水。
优选地，所述多孔吸湿剂包括硅胶、氧化钙、沸石、分子筛中的至少一种。
优选地，所述硅胶为硅烷偶联剂与多元羧酸改性后的硅胶。硅烷偶联剂对硅胶改性后一方面增加吸湿性另一方面便于与多元羧酸接枝；多元羧酸一方面对硅烷偶联剂改性后的硅胶进一步改性，使硅胶成盐进一步提升其吸湿性，另一方面将改性硅烷接枝整理到面料上。
优选地，所述硅烷偶联剂为氨基硅烷偶联剂或环氧基硅烷偶联剂。
优选地，所述多元羧酸为草酸、马来酸或柠檬酸中的一种。
优选地，所述远红外粉体按重量份数计包括以下原料：30-50份La2O3、30-50份CeO2、5-15份Na2O、1-5份CaO和1-5份MoO3。
优选地，所述相变微胶囊的相变温度为32-34℃。
优选地，所述相变微胶囊的芯材为正十八烷烃、月桂酸/硬脂酸共熔物、月桂酸/棕榈酸共熔物或硬脂酸/棕榈酸共熔物中的一种，壁材为甲基丙烯酸甲酯、季戊四醇丙烯酸酯或密胺树脂中的一种。
一种上述织物用自发热储能整理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将多孔吸湿剂、远红外粉体、相变微胶囊与水混合、搅拌后制得。
一种上述织物用自发热储能整理剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将硅胶经过活化、改性、交联制得改性硅胶；(2)将步骤(1)制备的改性硅胶与远红外粉体、相变微胶囊与水混合、搅拌后制得。
优选地，所述活化剂包括氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
多孔吸湿剂可以提高纤维的吸湿率，但吸湿饱和后不再发热，发热量有限且时间短暂；远红外粉体材料仅具有温升作用，吸湿和发热时间不理想。而远红外粉体与多孔吸湿剂复配后，吸湿率较单独使用多孔吸湿剂的吸湿发热更高，温升较单独使用远红外粉体更高，且发热时间显著延长。这是由于远红外粉体与多孔吸湿剂吸附的水分子共振后，导致部分水分从多孔吸湿剂中解吸，引发多孔吸湿剂再次吸湿，即远红外粉体在发热的同时可激发已经吸湿饱和的多孔吸湿剂的再次吸湿发热作用，因此吸湿性较单独使用多孔吸湿剂好，温升较单独使用远红外高，发热时间显著延长。此外，必要时需对多孔吸湿剂改性，使获得的整理剂能够接枝到面料上。添加的相变微胶囊可以保持温升后的温度在人体皮肤温度附近，并具有储能功效，在温度降低时放出热量。
有益效果：本发明与现有技术相比，能够取得下列有益效果：(1)远红外粉体与多孔吸湿剂的协同作用，延长了织物的吸湿发热时间，提高了发热量，添加的相变微胶囊具有储能功效，三者共同作用使面料在低湿环境下的吸附发热及储能功效更加优异。(2)多孔吸湿剂经过改性后具有更多更活泼的活性基团，和多元羧酸交联后形成新的吸附位点，具有更低的吸附活化能，更利于吸附水分子，并依靠交联剂将硅胶整理到织物上，提高了纤维在低湿环境中的吸湿性。(3)本发明的整理剂应用在面料的后整理程序中能够与面料紧密结合，增加面料在低湿环境下的吸湿发热及储能功效，操作简单，适用性广。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
本实施例的多孔吸湿剂为硅胶吸湿剂，多孔吸湿剂还可以为氧化钙、沸石、分子筛等其中的至少一种，多孔吸湿剂按照常规方法接枝到面料上即可，本实施例的硅胶吸湿剂由以下方法制得：
(1)硅胶活化
取10g硅胶M-608C加入100mL浓度1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液中，室温搅拌30min后抽滤、酸洗、干燥得到活化硅胶。
(2)硅胶改性
将5g活化硅胶分散于100mL体积分数为5％的KH550乙醇溶液中，80℃回流搅拌12h后抽滤、乙醇洗涤、干燥得到改性硅胶。
(3)硅胶交联
取2g改性硅胶溶于100mL质量分数为2％的柠檬酸溶液中，室温搅拌1h后抽滤、水洗、干燥得到硅胶吸湿剂。
本实施例的织物用自发热储能整理剂由以下方法制得：
取20份硅胶吸湿剂、10份远红外粉体、10份相变微胶囊和60份去离子水，混合搅拌30min即可。其中远红外粉体组分为40份La2O3、45份CeO2、5份Na2O、5份CaO和5份MoO3，相变微胶囊的芯材为正十八烷烃，壁材为甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
本实施例的自发热储能面料由以下方法制得：
配制60克升织物用自发热储能整理剂工作液，将60s全棉面料一浸一轧，带液率80％，130℃定型40s即可得到自发热储能面料。
实施例2
在实施例1的基础上，与实施例1不同的是，本实施例的硅胶吸湿剂制备方法中：KH550替换为KH560，柠檬酸替换为马来酸。
本实施例的织物用自发热储能整理剂配方为：30份硅胶吸湿剂、20份远红外粉体、20份相变微胶囊和30份去离子水。其中远红外粉体组分为30份La2O3、50份CeO2、15份Na2O、1份CaO和4份MoO3，相变微胶囊的芯材为月桂酸/硬脂酸共熔物，壁材为季戊四醇丙烯酸酯
本实施例的自发热储能面料由以下方法制得：
配制30克升织物用自发热储能整理剂工作液，将60s全棉面料一浸一轧，带液率80％，130℃定型40s即可得到自发热储能面料。
实施例3
在实施例1的基础上，与实施例1不同的是，本实施例的硅胶吸湿剂制备方法中：氢氧化钠替换为氢氧化钾，柠檬酸替换为苹果酸。
本实施例的织物用自发热储能整理剂的配方为：25份硅胶吸湿剂、15份远红外粉体、15份相变微胶囊和45份去离子水。其中远红外粉体组分为50份La2O3、30份CeO2、14份Na2O、5份CaO和1份MoO3，相变微胶囊的芯材月桂酸/棕榈酸共熔物，壁材为密胺树脂。
对比例1
在实施例1的基础上，与实施例1不同的是，本实施例的织物用自发热储能整理剂配方为：20份硅胶吸湿剂、10份相变微胶囊和70份去离子水。
对比例2
在实施例1的基础上，与实施例1不同的是，本实施例的织物用自发热储能整理剂配方为：10份远红外粉体、10份相变微胶囊和60份去离子水。
对比例3
在实施例1的基础上，与实施例1不同的是，本实施例的织物用自发热储能整理剂配方为：20份硅胶吸湿剂、10份远红外粉体和70份去离子水。
对比例4
在实施例1的基础上，与实施例1不同的是，本实施例的硅胶吸湿剂制备方法中：未经过交联剂交联得到改性硅胶。
对实施例1～3及对比例1～4制备的自发热储能面料进行检测，检测结果如下表所示。其中，最大温升记为ΔTmax，面料平均温升记为ΔT平均，检测参照GBT29866-2013《纺织品吸湿发热性能试验方法》，其中将箱内温度调为(25±0.5)℃，相对湿度调为(60±3)％，面料吸湿率η的计算公式如下：
表自发热储能面料检测结果
从实施例1～3可以看出，在25℃，60％湿度环境中，自发热储能整理后的全棉面料较空白面料，在硅胶吸湿剂、远红外粉体和相变微胶囊共同作用下，自发热储能面料吸湿率、面料最大温升和面料平均温升明显提高，且在32℃左右平衡一段时间，发热时间明显延长。
对比例1和实施例1相比，缺少远红外粉体作用，自发热储能面料吸湿率、面料最大温升和面料平均温升均明显下降。
对比例2和实施例1相比，缺少硅胶吸湿剂作用，自发热储能面料吸湿率、面料最大温升和面料平均温升较空白面料均没有明显改善。
对比例3和实施例1相比，缺少相变微胶囊作用，自发热储能面料最大温升虽有所提高，但发热时间缩短，硅胶吸湿剂和远红外粉体协同发热作用消失后，温度迅速下降，导致面料平均温升有所下降。
对比例4和实施例1相比，硅胶未4经多元羧酸交联，自发热储能面料吸湿率、面料最大温升和面料平均温升均明显下降，且自发热性能耐洗性较差。
Claims (10)
1.一种织物用自发热储能整理剂，其特征在于，按重量份数计包括以下原料：20-30份多孔吸湿剂、10-20份远红外粉体、10-20份相变微胶囊，余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自发热整理剂，其特征在于，所述多孔吸湿剂包括硅胶、氧化钙、沸石、分子筛中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的自发热整理剂，其特征在于，所述硅胶为硅烷偶联剂与多元羧酸改性后的硅胶。
4.根据权利要求3所述的自发热整理剂，其特征在于，所述硅烷偶联剂为氨基硅烷偶联剂或环氧基硅烷偶联剂。
5.根据权利要求3所述的自发热整理剂，其特征在于，所述多元羧酸为草酸、马来酸或柠檬酸中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的自发热整理剂，其特征在于，所述远红外粉体按重量份数计包括以下原料：30-50份La2O3、30-50份CeO2、5-15份Na2O、1-5份CaO和1-5份MoO3。
7.根据权利要求1所述的自发热整理剂，其特征在于，所述相变微胶囊的相变温度为32-34℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的自发热整理剂，其特征在于，所述相变微胶囊的芯材为正十八烷烃、月桂酸/硬脂酸共熔物、月桂酸/棕榈酸共熔物或硬脂酸/棕榈酸共熔物中的一种，壁材为甲基丙烯酸甲酯、季戊四醇丙烯酸酯或密胺树脂中的一种。
9.一种权利要求1所述织物用自发热储能整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将多孔吸湿剂、远红外粉体、相变微胶囊与水混合、搅拌后制得。
10.一种权利要求3～5任意一项所述织物用自发热储能整理剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将硅胶经过活化、改性、交联制得改性硅胶；(2)将步骤(1)制备的改性硅胶与远红外粉体、相变微胶囊与水混合、搅拌后制得。
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