CN112500220A - Liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and application thereof - Google Patents
Liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112500220A CN112500220A CN202011226629.XA CN202011226629A CN112500220A CN 112500220 A CN112500220 A CN 112500220A CN 202011226629 A CN202011226629 A CN 202011226629A CN 112500220 A CN112500220 A CN 112500220A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and application thereof. The raw material components by weight are as follows: 5-10 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 1-10 parts of brown sugar, 10-20 parts of urea, 2.5-3 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 60-84 parts of soluble starch and 1000 parts of clear water 800-. The foliar fertilizer is diluted by 50 times with clear water and sprayed on the seedling stage and the green turning stage of crops planted in saline-alkali soil respectivelyDiluting the foliar fertilizer by 5 times with clear water and spraying the diluted foliar fertilizer on the crop leaves or in the strong dew period, wherein the application amount of the foliar fertilizer is 15-30L/hm every time2. The invention can reduce the salt content and pH value of the saline-alkali soil, promote the growth of crops, improve the yield of the crops and improve the soil structure and ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and particularly relates to a liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and application thereof.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is a general term for various salinized soil and alkaline soil. The alkalized soil contains excessive substitutive sodium ions and soluble carbonate (NaHCO)3、Na2CO3Form exists), the pH of the soil is higher, soil clay particles are diffused, the permeability of the soil to water and air is reduced, and the growth of crops is not facilitated. But the saline-alkali soil can become a usable land resource after being improved, which has important significance for increasing the cultivated land area.
The biological improvement of the saline-alkali soil does not damage the ecological environment, and the physical and chemical properties and soil microclimate of the soil are improved mainly by introducing, screening and planting plants, so that the aims of reducing the evaporation of soil moisture and inhibiting the salt return of the soil are fulfilled.
Beneficial microorganisms in soil can generate a large amount of physiological active substances required by crop growth in life activities, thereby promoting the growth of crops. Therefore, the development of a fertilizer containing microorganisms and the application of the fertilizer to crops planted in saline-alkali soil are important biological improvement measures for the saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and application thereof, which can promote the growth of crops planted in the saline-alkali soil, thereby reducing the salt content and pH value of the saline-alkali soil.
On one hand, the invention provides a liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, which is prepared from raw materials consisting of a compound microbial inoculum, brown sugar, urea, monopotassium phosphate, soluble starch and clear water.
Preferably, the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing the raw materials and then carrying out facultative fermentation for 48 hours at the temperature of 22-28 ℃.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise, by weight, 5-10 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 1-10 parts of brown sugar, 10-20 parts of urea, 2.5-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 57.5-81 parts of soluble starch and 1000 parts of clean water 850-.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise, by weight, 5 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 4 parts of brown sugar, 10 parts of urea, 2.6 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 65 parts of soluble starch and 850 parts of clean water.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise 7 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 1 part of brown sugar, 13 parts of urea, 2.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 57.5 parts of soluble starch and 900 parts of clear water by weight.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise 8 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 7 parts of brown sugar, 20 parts of urea, 3.0 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 75 parts of soluble starch and 950 parts of clear water by weight.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise, by weight, 10 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 10 parts of brown sugar, 18 parts of urea, 2.7 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 81 parts of soluble starch and 1000 parts of clear water.
Preferably, the complex microbial inoculum comprises telangium roseum, trichoderma harzianum, verticillium chlamydosporium, lactobacillus casei, saccharomyces cerevisiae and rhodopseudomonas palustris.
Preferably, the bacterium content of the polyporus pinicola is more than or equal to 2.0 x 109cfu/g, the bacterium content of the trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus casei is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacteria content of the rhodopseudomonas palustris is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
On the other hand, the invention also provides application of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer, wherein the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is diluted by 50 times with clear water and then sprayed on the crop leaves in the seedling stage and the green turning stage of crops planted in saline-alkali soil respectively, or the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is diluted by 5 times with clear water and then sprayed on the crop leaves in the strong dew period, and the application amount of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is 15-30L/hm every time2。
The liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer can promote the growth of crops planted in saline-alkali soil, thereby reducing the salt content and pH value of the saline-alkali soil and improving the soil structure and ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. It should be understood that the examples are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description, all methods involved are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified. The starting materials mentioned are all those which are commercially available from the public unless otherwise specified.
The invention mixes brown sugar, urea, monopotassium phosphate, soluble starch and clear water, and adopts beneficial microorganisms to ferment and prepare the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil. The foliar fertilizer is sprayed on crops planted in saline-alkali soil, and can promote the growth of the crops, thereby reducing the salt content and pH value of the saline-alkali soil, and improving the soil structure and ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil is prepared from raw materials consisting of a compound microbial inoculum, brown sugar, urea, monopotassium phosphate, soluble starch and clear water. The specific preparation process comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a complex microbial inoculum; step 2, preparing a mixed material; and 3, fermenting the mixed material.
In the step 1 of preparing the composite microbial inoculum, Trichosporon roseum (Trichoderma roseum) powder, Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum) powder, Verticillium chlamydosporium (Verticillium chlamydosporium) powder, Lactobacillus casei (Lactobacillus casei) powder, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) powder and Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodopseudomonas palustris) powder are selected, and then the six kinds of the powder are compounded according to the proportioning relationship by weight to obtain the composite microbial inoculum, preferably 15-25 parts of the Trichosporon roseum powder, 10-20 parts of Trichoderma harzianum powder, 5-15 parts of Verticillium chlamydosporium powder, 15-25 parts of Lactobacillus casei powder, 10-20 parts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and 10-25 parts of Rhodopseudomonas palustris powder. On one hand, lactobacillus casei, saccharomyces cerevisiae and rhodopseudomonas palustris are fermented and cultured in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain bacterial liquids, and then thalli are separated from the fermented culture, dried and concentrated to prepare single-strain solid bacterial powder. The bacterial content of each single bacterial strain powder is respectively as follows: the content of Lactobacillus casei powder is not less than 1.0 × 1011cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g and the bacteria content of rhodopseudomonas palustris powder is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g. On the other hand, separately fermenting the stenotrophospora rosea, trichoderma harzianum and verticillium chlamydosporium in corresponding solid culture media to obtain solid cultures, and then drying and crushing the solid cultures to prepare single-strain solid bacterial powder. The bacterial content of each single bacterial strain powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of the polyporus pinicola powder is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109The bacterial content of cfu/g and trichoderma harzianum powder is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109The bacterial content of cfu/g and verticillium chlamydosporium powder is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
In the step 2 of preparing the mixed material, various raw material components are weighed according to a preset weight ratio, and then all the raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly. The weight ratio of each component in the raw materials is respectively optimized as follows: 5-10 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 1-10 parts of brown sugar, 10-20 parts of urea, 2.5-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 57.5-81 parts of soluble starch and 1000 parts of clean water 850-.
In the step 3 of fermenting the mixed material, the initial pH of the mixed material is natural, then the mixed material is subjected to facultative fermentation for 48 hours at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, and the fermented product is used as the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer.
The invention also provides application of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer, which is to dilute the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer by 50 times with clear water and then spray the diluted liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer on crop leaves in seedling stage and green turning stage of crops planted in saline-alkali soil. In the strong dew period, the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer can be diluted by 5 times with clear water and then sprayed on crop leaves, preferably by adopting an airplane. The application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer is 15-30L/hm2. When the solid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is preferably continuously applied for more than 3 years, the improvement effect on medium and mild saline-alkali soil is better.
In order to help better understand the technical scheme of the invention, the following examples are provided for illustrating the preparation process and the application method of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer of the invention.
Example one
The raw materials of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer comprise, by weight, 5 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 4 parts of brown sugar, 10 parts of urea, 2.6 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 65 parts of soluble starch and 850 parts of clear water. The composite microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing Pink polyporus frondosus powder, trichoderma harzianum powder, verticillium chlamydosporium powder, lactobacillus casei powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and rhodopseudomonas palustris powder, wherein the six bacterial powders are 22 parts by weight of Pink polyporus frondosus powder, 10 parts by weight of trichoderma harzianum powder, 12 parts by weight of verticillium chlamydosporium powder, 15 parts by weight of lactobacillus casei powder, 17 parts by weight of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and 25 parts by weight of rhodopseudomonas palustris powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of the polyporus pinicola powder is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109The bacterial content of cfu/g and trichoderma harzianum powder is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of verticillium chlamydosporium powder is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the lactobacillus casei powder is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g andthe bacteria content of Rhodopseudomonas palustris powder is not less than 1.5 × 1010cfu/g。
The liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, preparing a composite microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing pinkish polyporus pinosus powder, trichoderma harzianum powder, verticillium chlamydosporium powder, lactobacillus casei powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and rhodopseudomonas palustris powder to obtain the composite microbial inoculum.
And 2, mixing the raw materials to prepare a mixed material, adding the composite microbial inoculum, brown sugar, urea, monopotassium phosphate, soluble starch and clear water, stirring and uniformly mixing.
And 3, fermenting, wherein the initial pH of the material is natural, then carrying out facultative fermentation for 48 hours at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, and taking the fermented product as the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 1.
The application method of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 1 comprises the following steps: respectively diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 1 by 50 times with clear water in the seedling stage and the green turning stage of crops planted in saline-alkali soil, and then spraying the diluted liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 1 on crop leaves, or diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 1 by 5 times with clear water in the strong dew period, and then spraying the diluted liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 1 on the crop leaves, wherein the application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 1 is 15L/hm2。
Example two
The raw materials of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer comprise, by weight, 7 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 1 part of brown sugar, 13 parts of urea, 2.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 57.5 parts of soluble starch and 900 parts of clear water. The composite microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing pinkish polyporus fungus powder, trichoderma harzianum fungus powder, verticillium chlamydosporium powder, lactobacillus casei powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and rhodopseudomonas palustris powder, wherein the six fungus powders are 15 parts of pinkish polyporus fungus powder, 20 parts of trichoderma harzianum fungus powder, 7 parts of verticillium chlamydosporium powder, 18 parts of lactobacillus casei powder, 20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and 22 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris powder by weight. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of the polyporus pinicola powder is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g trichoderma harzianum powderThe bacteria content of (A) is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of verticillium chlamydosporium powder is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the lactobacillus casei powder is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g and the bacteria content of rhodopseudomonas palustris powder is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, preparing a composite microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing pinkish polyporus pinosus powder, trichoderma harzianum powder, verticillium chlamydosporium powder, lactobacillus casei powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and rhodopseudomonas palustris powder to obtain the composite microbial inoculum.
And 2, mixing the raw materials to prepare a mixed material, adding the composite microbial inoculum, brown sugar, urea, monopotassium phosphate, soluble starch and clear water, stirring and uniformly mixing.
And 3, fermenting, wherein the initial pH of the material is natural, then carrying out facultative fermentation for 48 hours at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, and taking the fermented product as the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 2.
The application method of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 2 comprises the following steps: respectively diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 2 by 50 times with clear water in the seedling stage and the green turning stage of crops planted in saline-alkali soil, and then spraying the diluted liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 2 on crop leaves, or diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 2 by 5 times with clear water in the strong dew period, and then spraying the diluted liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 2 on the crop leaves, wherein the application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 2 is 20L/hm2。
EXAMPLE III
The raw materials of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer comprise, by weight, 8 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 7 parts of brown sugar, 20 parts of urea, 3.0 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 75 parts of soluble starch and 950 parts of clear water. The composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing pinkish polyporus fungus powder, trichoderma harzianum fungus powder, verticillium chlamydosporium powder, lactobacillus casei powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and rhodopseudomonas palustris powder, wherein the six fungus powders are respectively 18 parts by weight of pinkish polyporus fungus powder, 13 parts by weight of trichoderma harzianum fungus powder and verticillium chlamydosporium powder15 parts of bacteria powder, 23 parts of lactobacillus casei powder, 14 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and 18 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of the polyporus pinicola powder is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109The bacterial content of cfu/g and trichoderma harzianum powder is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of verticillium chlamydosporium powder is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the lactobacillus casei powder is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g and the bacteria content of rhodopseudomonas palustris powder is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, preparing a composite microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing pinkish polyporus pinosus powder, trichoderma harzianum powder, verticillium chlamydosporium powder, lactobacillus casei powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and rhodopseudomonas palustris powder to obtain the composite microbial inoculum.
And 2, mixing the raw materials to prepare a mixed material, adding the composite microbial inoculum, brown sugar, urea, monopotassium phosphate, soluble starch and clear water, stirring and uniformly mixing.
And 3, fermenting, wherein the initial pH of the material is natural, then carrying out facultative fermentation for 48 hours at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, and taking the fermented product as a liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 3.
The application method of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 3 comprises the following steps: respectively diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 3 by 50 times with clear water in the seedling stage and the green turning stage of crops planted in saline-alkali soil, and then spraying the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 3 on crop leaves, or diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 3 by 5 times with clear water in the strong dew period, and then spraying the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer on the crop leaves, wherein the application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 3 is 25L/hm2。
Example four
The raw materials of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer comprise, by weight, 10 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 10 parts of brown sugar, 18 parts of urea, 2.7 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 81 parts of soluble starch and 1000 parts of clear water. Wherein the complex microbial inoculum is prepared from powder of Tricholoma roseum and Trichoderma harzianumThe bacillus cereus is prepared by mixing powder, verticillium chlamydosporium powder, lactobacillus casei powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and rhodopseudomonas palustris powder, wherein the six kinds of the powder are 25 parts by weight of pinkish polyporus pinus powder, 17 parts by weight of trichoderma harzianum powder, 5 parts by weight of verticillium chlamydosporium powder, 25 parts by weight of lactobacillus casei powder, 10 parts by weight of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and 10 parts by weight of rhodopseudomonas palustris powder. The bacteria content of the six bacteria powder is respectively as follows: the bacteria content of the polyporus pinicola powder is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109The bacterial content of cfu/g and trichoderma harzianum powder is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of verticillium chlamydosporium powder is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the lactobacillus casei powder is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g and the bacteria content of rhodopseudomonas palustris powder is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
The liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, preparing a composite microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing pinkish polyporus pinosus powder, trichoderma harzianum powder, verticillium chlamydosporium powder, lactobacillus casei powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and rhodopseudomonas palustris powder to obtain the composite microbial inoculum.
And 2, mixing the raw materials to prepare a mixed material, adding the composite microbial inoculum, brown sugar, urea, monopotassium phosphate, soluble starch and clear water, stirring and uniformly mixing.
And 3, fermenting, wherein the initial pH of the material is natural, then carrying out facultative fermentation for 48 hours at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, and taking the fermented product as a liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 4.
The application method of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 4 comprises the following steps: respectively diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 4 by 50 times with clear water in the seedling stage and the green turning stage of crops planted in saline-alkali soil, and then spraying the diluted liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 4 on crop leaves, or diluting the diluted liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 4 by 5 times with clear water in the strong dew period, and then spraying the diluted liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 4 on the crop leaves, wherein the application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 4 is 30L/hm2。
In order to help better understand the technical scheme of the invention, a test example of crop planting is provided below for illustrating the application effect of the invention.
The first test example: effect of liquid compound microorganism foliage fertilizer on improvement of severe saline-alkali soil and influence on rice growth
The same saline-alkali field block is selected in Ningxia rocky mountain city, the basic physicochemical property of the field soil is pH value 8.36, the total salt content of the plough layer soil is 4.60g/kg, the alkalization degree is 21.3%, the organic matter content is 12.42g/kg, the total nitrogen content is 1.05g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 21.04mg/kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 181mg/kg, and the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 31.28 mg/kg. 5 groups of experimental designs, including 4 experimental groups and 1 control group, each group of experimental designs 3 experimental cells, each area of 30m2All test cells are randomly distributed.
The test group is applied with fertilizer and liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer prepared by the invention. The specific fertilization mode is that urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate are used as base fertilizers to be applied to soil, and the fertilization amounts of the three fertilizers are respectively 155kg/hm of urea2Calcium superphosphate 85kg/hm2And potassium sulfate 85kg/hm2. Applying urea once at seedling stage, green turning stage and tillering stage of rice, wherein the urea applying amount is 26kg/hm2And green turning period of 23kg/hm2And tillering stage 23kg/hm2. Respectively spraying the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer for 1 time in the seedling stage and the seedling turning stage of the rice, diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer by 50 times with clear water each time, and then spraying the diluted liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer on crop leaves. In 4 test groups, the application amount of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 1 is 15L/hm2The application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 2 is 20L/hm2The application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 3 is 25L/hm2The application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 4 is 30L/hm2. The control group uses the same amount of clear water to replace the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer, and the application mode of the fertilizer is the same as that of the test group.
Selecting Ningjing No. 41 as a test variety, and performing the test at 60kg/hm in the middle of 4 months2Sowing the seeds at the sowing rate, performing the same conventional management on each district, and harvesting in the last 9 th of month. After harvesting, the yield of each cell was counted and the average of each group was calculatedCell yield. And simultaneously, taking a soil sample to measure the pH, the total salt content and the alkalization degree of the soil in each cell, and calculating the average pH, the average total salt content and the average alkalization degree of each group of soil. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the pH, the total salt content and the alkalization degree of the 4 groups of rice planting soil applied with the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer are all obviously lower than those of the control, and the rice yield of the plot is obviously higher than that of the control. Therefore, the prepared liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 1-the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 4 can obviously improve saline-alkali soil, reduce the pH value and the salt content of the soil, promote the growth of rice and improve the yield of the rice.
Test example two: effect of liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer on saline-alkali soil improvement and influence on growth of sweet sorghum
The same saline-alkali field block is selected in Ningxia Guyuan city, the basic physicochemical property of field soil is pH value 8.44, the total salt content of the soil of a plough layer is 3.63g/kg, the alkalization degree is 19.4%, the organic matter content is 17.86g/kg, the total nitrogen content is 1.06g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 8.54mg/kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 145mg/kg, and the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 57.23 mg/kg. The experimental design 5 groups comprise 4 experimental groups and 1 control group, each group of experimental designs comprises 3 experimental cells, and the area of each experimental cell is 20m2All test cells are randomly distributed.
The test group applied urea, diamine phosphate and potassium sulfate as base fertilizer, and the fertilizing amount of the three fertilizers is 516kg/hm of urea respectively2522kg/hm of diammonium phosphate2And 494kg/hm of potassium sulfate2. The liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer is applied once in the seedling stage, the jointing-pulling and booting stage and the grouting stage of the sweet sorghum respectively, and in the morning of vigorous dew, the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer is diluted by 5 times with clear water and then sprayed on the leaves of the sweet sorghum. In 4 test groups, the application amount of the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 1 is 15L/hm2Liquid state composite microorganismThe application amount of the foliar fertilizer 2 is 20L/hm2The application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 3 is 25L/hm2The application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer 4 is 30L/hm2. The control group uses the same amount of clear water to replace the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer, and the application mode of the fertilizer is the same as that of the test group.
The strong soldiers are selected as test varieties, and the seeds are sowed in the last ten days of 4 months, wherein the row spacing is 20cm, and the line spacing is 50 cm. The same general management is adopted for each cell, and the cells are harvested in the last 10 months. After the sweet sorghum is harvested, the yield of each cell is counted, and the average cell yield of each group is calculated. And simultaneously, taking a soil sample to measure the pH, the total salt content and the alkalization degree of the soil in each cell, and calculating the average pH, the average total salt content and the average alkalization degree of each group of soil. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from the data in Table 3, the pH, the total salt content and the alkalization degree of the 4 groups of sweet sorghum planting soil applied with the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer are all obviously lower than those of the control, and the yield of the sweet sorghum in the cell is obviously higher than that of the control. Therefore, the prepared liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 1-the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer 4 can obviously improve the saline-alkali soil, reduce the pH and the salt content of the soil, promote the growth of the sweet sorghum and improve the yield of the sweet sorghum.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification, or any other related technical fields directly or indirectly, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil is prepared from raw materials consisting of a compound microbial inoculum, brown sugar, urea, monopotassium phosphate, soluble starch and clear water.
2. The liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing the raw materials and then carrying out facultative fermentation for 48 hours at the temperature of 22-28 ℃.
3. The liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise, by weight, 5-10 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 1-10 parts of brown sugar, 10-20 parts of urea, 2.5-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 57.5-81 parts of soluble starch and 1000 parts of clear water 850-.
4. The liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise, by weight, 5 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 4 parts of brown sugar, 10 parts of urea, 2.6 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 65 parts of soluble starch and 850 parts of clear water.
5. The liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise 7 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 1 part of brown sugar, 13 parts of urea, 2.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 57.5 parts of soluble starch and 900 parts of clear water by weight.
6. The liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise, by weight, 8 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 7 parts of brown sugar, 20 parts of urea, 3.0 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 75 parts of soluble starch and 950 parts of clear water.
7. The liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise, by weight, 10 parts of the complex microbial inoculum, 10 parts of brown sugar, 18 parts of urea, 2.7 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 81 parts of soluble starch and 1000 parts of clear water.
8. The liquid compound microbial foliar fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the complex microbial inoculum comprises stenotrophospora rosea, trichoderma harzianum, verticillium chlamydosporium, lactobacillus casei, saccharomyces cerevisiae and rhodopseudomonas palustris.
9. The liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: the bacteria content of the polyporus pinicola is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterium content of the trichoderma harzianum is more than or equal to 2.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterial content of the verticillium chlamydosporium is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus casei is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 1011cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the bacteria content of the rhodopseudomonas palustris is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
10. The application of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: respectively diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer by 50 times with clear water in the seedling stage and the green turning stage of crops planted in saline-alkali soil, and then spraying the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer on the crop leaves, or diluting the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer by 5 times with clear water in the strong dew period, and then spraying the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer on the crop leaves, wherein the application amount of the liquid compound microorganism foliar fertilizer is 15-30L/hm2。
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