CN112470583B - Driving type sugarcane-ratoon sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine - Google Patents
Driving type sugarcane-ratoon sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112470583B CN112470583B CN202011444973.6A CN202011444973A CN112470583B CN 112470583 B CN112470583 B CN 112470583B CN 202011444973 A CN202011444973 A CN 202011444973A CN 112470583 B CN112470583 B CN 112470583B
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- ridging
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- rotary tillage
- sugarcane
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- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000209134 Arundinaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/12—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with soil-working implements, e.g. ploughs
Abstract
The invention discloses a driving type sugarcane-ratoon sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine which comprises a frame and at least two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms, wherein the two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms are symmetrically distributed left and right and are connected with the frame in a left-right moving way; each ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanism comprises: the ridge breaking front plow assembly comprises a front plow frame and two front plows, wherein the rear end of the front plow frame is connected with the frame in a left-right moving way, and the two front plows are connected with the front plow frame; the rotary tillage assembly comprises a gear box and a rotary tillage cutter group, and the rotary tillage cutter group is connected with the gear box; the upper end of the gear box is connected with the frame in a left-right moving way and is positioned behind the plow assembly before ridge breaking; the fertilizing device is arranged on the gear box and is positioned above the rear part of the rotary tillage cutter group; the hilling device is connected with the frame in a left-right moving way and is positioned at the rear lower part of the fertilizing device; and the ridging device is rotationally connected with the rear side of the ridging device. The integrated machine can meet the new agronomic requirements of ridge breaking and ridging, and is suitable for sugarcane planting plots with different row spacing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a driving sugarcane-ratoon sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine.
Background
The ridging and ridging of the sugarcane are novel agronomic techniques, namely, ridging and ridging are started after the sugarcane is harvested, long-acting fertilizer is applied after ridging, soil is then cultivated to a sugarcane pocket, and the perennial root sugarcane heads are buried to form novel sugarcane ridges, so that diseases, drought and damage to people and livestock caused by exposed sugarcane heads after ridging can be reduced, low-level bud germination of the perennial root sugarcane is promoted, rooting is deeper, and lodging is not easy to occur; on the other hand, as the period of the spring sugarcane cultivation and ridging window is short, the subsequent cultivation and ridging operation can be omitted by ridging after the ridging of the perennial sugarcane, and the yield loss caused by improper operation time is avoided.
At present, no machine type is specially developed for ridging, most of the existing sugarcane ridging machines are hoe-shovel type, the ridging efficiency is low, the soil crushing effect is poor, and the agronomic requirements of ridging cannot be met. In addition, when the ridging and ridging of the perennial root sugarcane are carried out, only a tractor is used for driving a hoe and shovel plow to carry out ridging operation on the sugarcane field. However, the soil of the sugarcane field after the sugarcane harvester is operated is very hard, the soil firmness is high, if the soil is cut open and turned up by simply using a hoe and a furrow plough, the soil breaking rate is low, and the hilling effect is not ideal; and secondly, the forward resistance of the tractor can be greatly increased, so that the power consumption is improved, the loss of the parts is increased, and the service life of the machine is reduced. Therefore, a sugarcane ridge-breaking, fertilizing and ridging machine which is specially used for ridge-breaking and ridging and has the functions of ridge-breaking, fertilizing and ridging is urgently needed, reliability is high, adaptability is good, and the agronomic requirements and performance requirements of ridge-breaking and ridging can be met.
In addition, because the row spacing that the sugarcane was planted is different, ditch width and ridge width are different, if the cultivation width of rotary tillage subassembly is fixed, can be after changing the working row spacing, cultivation width and sugarcane trench width mismatch, injure the sugarcane cane root at the in-process of broken ridge hilling, lead to the sugarcane to reduce the yield, strike peasant household's use confidence to the sugarcane hiller. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a multifunctional driving type sugarcane ratoon sugarcane ridging, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine with functions of ridging, soil breaking, fertilizing, ridging and the like, which is applicable to not only the intertillage ridging of newly planted sugarcane, but also the ridging, fertilizing, ridging and other novel agricultural operations of ratoon sugarcane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a driving type sugarcane-ratoon-root sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine for novel agriculture of sugarcane ridge breaking and ridging, so that the defects of low soil breaking rate and poor ridging effect of the sugarcane ridging machine are overcome.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a driving type sugarcane-ratoon sugarcane ridge-breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine, which comprises: the front end of the frame is connected with the walking machinery; and at least two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms which are symmetrically distributed left and right and are arranged on the frame in a mode of being capable of moving left and right; wherein, every the ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanism comprises: the ridge breaking front plow assembly comprises a front plow frame and two front plows, wherein the rear end of the front plow frame is connected with the front end of the frame in a mode of being capable of moving left and right, the upper ends of the two front plows are connected with the front end of the front plow frame in a mode of being capable of adjusting height, and the two front plows are distributed symmetrically left and right; the rotary tillage assembly comprises a gear box and a rotary tillage cutter group, wherein the upper end of the gear box is provided with a gear box input shaft, and the lower end of the gear box is provided with a first gear box output shaft; the rotary tillage cutter group is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box; the upper end of the gear box is arranged on the frame in a mode of being capable of moving left and right and is positioned at the rear of the plough assembly before ridge breaking, and the input shaft of the gear box is driven to rotate by a first driving mechanism; a fertilizer applicator detachably mounted on the top of the gear box and positioned above and behind the rotary tillage cutter group, wherein the fertilizer applicator is driven by a second driving mechanism to perform rotary fertilization; a hilling device which is mounted on the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right and is positioned at the rear lower part of the fertilizing device and is used for hilling; and a ridging device rotatably mounted on the rear side of the ridging device for ridging.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the first driving mechanism includes a transfer case and two telescopic couplings, the transfer case is mounted on the frame and is located between the two ridge breaking and fertilizing ridging mechanisms, a power input shaft at the front end of the transfer case is connected with a power output shaft of the walking machine through a universal joint, and power output shafts at the left side and the right side of the transfer case are connected with a gear box input shaft of the rotary tillage assembly through one telescopic coupling respectively.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, in each ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises two chain wheels and a chain, a second gear box output shaft is further arranged at the upper end of the gear box, one chain wheel is fixedly mounted on the second gear box output shaft, the other chain wheel is mounted on a driving shaft of the fertilizing device, and the chain is wound between the two chain wheels.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the number of the rotary blade sets is two, the number of the first gear box output shafts is also two, and the two first gear box output shafts are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the gear box, and the two rotary blade sets are respectively connected with one first gear box output shaft.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the rotary blade set includes: the inner end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box through a spline, the outer end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is a cutter head connecting end, and the cross section of the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head connecting end is elliptical; at least one rotary tillage cutter head, wherein the middle part of the rotary tillage cutter head is provided with a through hole which is matched and connected with the connecting end of the cutter head, the rotary tillage cutter head is provided with a plurality of tillage harrow cutters which are uniformly distributed along the same circumferential direction, and each tillage harrow cutter is detachably connected with the rotary tillage cutter head; at least two sleeves, each sleeve is movably sleeved on the cutter head connecting end; when the number of the rotary tillage cutterheads is one, the two sleeves are respectively positioned at the inner side and the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead; when the number of the rotary tillage cutterheads is at least two, the number of the sleeves is the same as that of the rotary tillage cutterheads, one sleeve is arranged between two adjacent rotary tillage cutterheads, and the sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead on the outer side; and the end cover is detachably connected with the outer end of the cutter head connecting end.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, each ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanism further comprises a soil control assembly, the soil control assembly comprises two soil control plates, the two soil control plates are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the gear box, the inner side of each soil control plate is connected with the gear box in a manner of being capable of swinging up and down, and each soil control plate swings up and down through the driving of the angle adjusting mechanism.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the left and right side walls of the gear box are provided with grass cutting knife groups, each grass cutting knife group comprises a plurality of grass cutting knives distributed at intervals along the up-down direction, and each grass cutting knife is detachably connected with the gear box through a mounting seat.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the earthing up device includes link and earthing up plough, the front end of link with can control the mode of moving install in the rear end of frame, the upper end of earthing up plough pass through the earthing up frame with the mode of height-adjustable install on the link.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the ridging device comprises a ridging frame and a roller body, the upper end of the ridging frame is connected with the connecting frame in a mode of swinging back and forth, the ridging frame is inclined downwards from front to back, the middle part of the ridging frame is connected with the ridging device through an elastic mechanism, and the roller body is mounted at the lower end of the ridging frame in a rotatable mode.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, in each ridging device, the roller body includes a rotating shaft and two profiling ridging rollers, the middle part of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the ridging frame, the two profiling ridging rollers are respectively disposed at the left and right ends of the rotating shaft, and each profiling ridging roller is in a conical shape with an inward large opening direction; in the two ridging devices, the outer sides of the two profiling ridging rollers positioned at the left side and the right side are respectively provided with a cylindrical roller, the two profiling ridging rollers positioned in the middle are connected through one cylindrical roller, and the diameter of each cylindrical roller is gradually reduced from two ends to the middle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the ridge-breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine is specially used for the ridge-breaking and ridging operation of the sugarcane, can meet the new agronomic requirement of ridge-breaking and ridging of the sugarcane, and fills the gap that no special agricultural machinery exists in the ridge-breaking and ridging of the sugarcane; when the ridging front plow assembly is used, the sugarcane field can be firstly split by the ridging front plow assembly, the front plow height can be adjusted according to the cutting depth of the rotary tillage assembly, the land is locally opened, the ridging operation is carried out, the rear rotary tillage assembly is convenient for large-area opening of the land, the opened soil is crushed, the working resistance and the power consumption of the rotary tillage assembly are reduced, the component loss rate is reduced, the soil crushing rate and the soil supplying amount are improved, and the ridging effect is further improved; and the subsequent ridging device and ridging device can be used for ridging, trimming and compacting the ridged sugarcane ridges, reducing ravines formed by rain wash, preventing sugarcane lodging, improving sugarcane yield and facilitating subsequent sugarcane harvesting operation.
2. The rotary tillage cutter group of the integrated machine for breaking, fertilizing and ridging is of a combined design, the tillage cutter is detachably arranged on the tillage cutter heads, a plurality of tillage cutter heads can be arranged on each tillage cutter head to form different spiral line distribution, the number of the tillage cutter heads can be adjusted according to the soil breaking rate and the soil supply requirement, and the soil breaking rate is improved and the hilling effect is improved by increasing the number of the tillage cutter heads; in addition, the sleeve is arranged at the connecting end of the rotary tillage cutter head, the relative distance between the rotary tillage cutter heads can be adjusted by changing the sleeves with different lengths, and the quantity of the rotary tillage cutter heads can also be adjusted, so that the purposes of changing the working width of the rotary tillage cutter set and adjusting the tillage width are achieved, and the rotary tillage cutter is suitable for different ground conditions and different agronomic requirements.
3. According to the ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine, the soil control assembly is arranged on the rotary tillage assembly, and the soil control assembly and the ridging device can be integrated into a soil conveying system, so that soil turned up during rotary tillage of the rotary tillage cutter assembly is rebounded and thrown to the vicinity of a sugarcane pocket to finish primary soil distribution, and soil is pushed to the sugarcane pocket through the ridging device at the rear to finish secondary soil distribution, so that the problem that the soil cannot be completely cultivated to the sugarcane pocket in the current ridging is solved.
4. According to the integrated machine for breaking, fertilizing and ridging, disclosed by the invention, the grass cutting knife sets are arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the gear box, so that weeds rolled in the rotary tillage assembly can be cut, grass winding on the rotary tillage assembly is reduced, and the workload of cleaning and maintaining the machine by farmers is effectively reduced; in addition, when the perennial root sugarcane ridge breaking operation is carried out, the straw cutting knife set cuts off the screwed sugarcane leaves, and then the sugarcane leaves are crushed by the rotary tillage knife set and returned to the field, so that the step of returning the sugarcane leaves to the field by using a rotary cultivator is omitted.
5. The ridging device comprises a ridging frame and a roller body, wherein the roller body comprises a rotating shaft and two profiling ridging rollers, so that ridged sugarcane ridges can be trimmed and compacted, ravines formed by rain washing are reduced, the ravines can cause soil shortage of sugarcane pockets, sugarcane is easy to lodge, yield is reduced, and subsequent harvesting operation is influenced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a driving sugarcane-ratoon sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of another view of a driven sugarcane-ratoon sugarcane ridge-breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine according to the invention
Fig. 3 is a schematic right-hand view of fig. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of fig. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the rotary tillage cutter according to the present invention.
The main reference numerals illustrate:
1-frame, 2-ridge breaking front plough assembly, 201-front plough, 202-front plough frame, 3-rotary tillage assembly, 301-rotary tillage cutter set, 3011-rotary tillage cutter shaft, 3012-tillage harrow cutter, 3013-rotary tillage cutter head, 3014-end cover, 3015-bolt top cover, 3016-spring washer, 3017-sleeve, 302-gear box, 4-mounting plate, 5-soil control assembly, 6-earthing device, 601-earthing plough, 602-connecting frame, 603-earthing frame, 7-ridging device, 701-cylindrical roller, 702-profiling ridging roller, 703-spring, 704-ridging frame, 705-rotating shaft, 8-fertilizing device, 801-sprocket, 802-chain, 9-telescopic coupler, 10-box, 11-grass cutting cutter set, 1101-grass cutting cutter and 1102-mounting seat.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
Fig. 1 to 5 show a schematic structural view of a driving type sugarcane-ratoon sugarcane ridge-breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the ridge-breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine comprises a frame 1 and at least two ridge-breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms. Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the front end of a frame 1 is connected with a walking machine, wherein the walking machine can be a tractor, the front end of the frame 1 and the rear end of the tractor adopt a three-point suspension connection mode so as to drive the ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine to move through the walking of the tractor, and the ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine can be lifted and lowered through a lifting oil cylinder on the tractor, so that the transfer and the work of the ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine are facilitated. The two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms are distributed symmetrically left and right and are arranged on the frame 1 in a mode of being capable of moving left and right, so that the distance between the two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms is adjusted, the two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms are suitable for sugarcane rows with different row spacing, the application range is wide, and the practicability is strong. Each ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanism comprises a plow assembly 2 before ridge breaking, a rotary tillage assembly 3, a soil control assembly 5, a fertilizing device 8, a ridging device 6 and a ridging device 7. The ridge breaking front plow assembly 2 comprises a front plow frame 202 and two front plows 201, wherein the rear end of the front plow frame 202 is connected with the front end of the frame 1 in a mode of being capable of moving left and right, the upper ends of the two front plows 201 are connected with the front end of the front plow frame 202 in a mode of being capable of adjusting the height, the height of the front plows 201 can be adjusted according to the cutting depth of the rotary tillage assembly 3, and the two front plows 201 are distributed in a bilateral symmetry mode. The rotary tillage assembly 3 comprises a gear box 302 and a rotary tillage cutter group 301, wherein the upper end of the gear box 302 is provided with a gear box input shaft, and the lower end of the gear box 302 is provided with a first gear box output shaft; the rotary tillage cutter group 301 is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box; the upper end of the gear box 302 is mounted on the frame 1 in a manner of being capable of moving left and right and is positioned behind the plow assembly 2 before ridge breaking, and the gear box input shaft is driven to rotate by a first driving mechanism. The fertilizer device 8 is detachably mounted on the top of the gear box 302 and is located above and behind the rotary tillage cutter set 301, and the fertilizer device 8 is driven by the second driving mechanism to perform rotary fertilization for fertilizing the sugarcane rows on two sides. The hilling device 6 is mounted on the frame 1 so as to be movable left and right and is located at the rear lower side of the fertilizer application device 8, and is used for hilling. The ridging device 7 is rotatably mounted on the rear side of the ridging device 6 for ridging. The ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine is specially used for sugarcane ridge breaking and ridging operation, and aims to meet the new agricultural requirement of sugarcane ridge breaking and ridging, and fill the gap that no special agricultural machinery exists in sugarcane ridge breaking and ridging; when the ridging front plow assembly 2 is used, the sugarcane field can be firstly cut, the height of the front plow 201 can be adjusted according to the cutting depth of the rotary tillage assembly 3, the land is locally opened, the ridging operation is carried out, the rear rotary tillage assembly 3 can conveniently open the land in a large area, the opened land is crushed, the working resistance and the power consumption of the rotary tillage assembly 3 are reduced, the component loss rate is reduced, the soil crushing rate and the soil supplying amount are improved, and the ridging effect is further improved; and the subsequent ridging device 6 and ridging device 7 can be used for ridging, trimming and compacting the ridged sugarcane ridges after ridging, reducing ravines formed by rain washing, preventing sugarcane lodging, improving sugarcane yield and facilitating subsequent sugarcane harvesting operation.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the first driving mechanism may be a motor or a transmission mechanism connected to a power output shaft of the walking machine. Preferably, the first driving mechanism comprises a transfer case 10 and two telescopic couplings 9, the transfer case 10 is mounted on the frame 1 and is positioned between the two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms, a power input shaft at the front end of the transfer case 10 is connected with a power output shaft of the walking machine through a universal joint, power output shafts at the left side and the right side of the transfer case 10 are respectively connected with a gear box input shaft of one rotary tillage assembly 3 through one telescopic coupling 9, so that the rotating power of the walking machine is transmitted to gear boxes 302 of the left ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms through the transfer case 10, and then is transmitted to corresponding rotary tillage cutter groups 301 through the gear boxes 302, and the rotary tillage cutter groups 301 are driven to rotate to crush soil. The telescopic coupler 9 can be telescopic, so that the distance between the two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms can be conveniently adjusted.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in each ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanism, the second driving mechanism may be a motor or a chain transmission mechanism connected with the gear box 302. Preferably, in each ridge breaking and fertilizing ridging mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises two chain wheels 801 and a chain 802, the upper end of the gear box 302 is further provided with a second gear box output shaft, one chain wheel 801 is installed on the second gear box output shaft, the other chain wheel 801 is installed on the driving shaft of the fertilizing device 8, and the chain 802 is wound between the two chain wheels 801 to transmit the driving force of the gear box 302 to the fertilizing device 8, so as to drive the fertilizing device 8 to rotate and fertilize. Wherein, fertilizer apparatus 8 is prior art, commercially available.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, preferably, the number of rotary blade sets 301 is two, the number of first gear box output shafts is also two, and the two first gear box output shafts are respectively disposed at the left and right sides of the gear box 302, and the two rotary blade sets 301 are respectively connected with one first gear box output shaft, so as to facilitate rotary tillage soil breaking operation.
Referring to fig. 5, preferably, the rotary blade set 301 includes a rotary blade shaft 3011, at least one rotary blade disc 3013, at least two sleeves 3017, and an end cap 3014. The inner end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft 3011 is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box through a spline, the outer end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft 3011 is a cutter head connecting end, and the cross section of the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head connecting end is elliptical so as to form a step surface with the inner end of the cutter head connecting end, so that the rotary tillage cutter head 3013 can be conveniently driven to rotate. Through holes matched and connected with the cutter head connecting end are formed in the middle of the rotary tillage cutter head 3013, a plurality of tillage harrow blades 3012 which are uniformly distributed along the same circumferential direction are arranged on the rotary tillage cutter head 3013, the circle centers of the circumferential surfaces surrounded by all the tillage harrow blades 3012 are collinear with the axis of the rotary tillage cutter head 3013, and each tillage harrow blade 3012 is detachably connected with the rotary tillage cutter head 3013 through bolts, so that the tillage harrow blades 3012 are convenient to disassemble and assemble. Each rotary tillage cutter head 3013 can be provided with a plurality of tillage cutter blades 3012 to form different spiral line distribution, the quantity of the tillage cutter blades 3012 can be adjusted according to the soil crushing rate and the soil supply requirement, and the soil crushing rate is improved and the hilling effect is improved by increasing the quantity of the tillage cutter blades 3012. Each sleeve 3017 is movably sleeved on the connecting end of the cutterhead; when the number of rotary tillage cutterheads 3013 is one, two sleeves 3017 are respectively positioned at the inner side and the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead 3013; when the number of rotary tillage cutterheads 3013 is at least two, the number of sleeves 3017 is the same as that of the rotary tillage cutterheads 3013, one sleeve 3017 is arranged between two adjacent rotary tillage cutterheads 3013, one sleeve 3017 is arranged on the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead 3013 positioned at the outermost side, and the rotary tillage cutterhead 3013 positioned at the innermost side is abutted against the step surface. The end cover 3014 is detachably connected with the outer end of the cutter head connecting end, and the inner end of the end cover 3014 is abutted against the outer end of the sleeve 3017 positioned at the outermost side, so that each part in the axial direction is pressed, and the axial movement is avoided. The end cover 3014 is in threaded connection with the outer end of the cutter head connecting end through the bolt top cover 3015, and a spring washer 3016 is arranged between the bolt top cover 3015 and the end cover 3014, so that loosening of threads is avoided. The relative distance of the rotary tillage cutter heads 3013 and the number of the rotary tillage cutter heads 3013 can be adjusted by changing the sleeves 3017 with different lengths so as to achieve the purpose of changing the working width and the tilling width of the rotary tillage cutter set 301, thereby adapting to different ground conditions and different agronomic requirements.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, each ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanism preferably further comprises a soil control assembly 5, wherein the soil control assembly 5 comprises two soil control plates symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the gear box 302, each soil control plate comprises a top plate, a rear side plate and an outer side plate, the upper end of the rear side plate is connected with the rear end of the top plate, and the rear side plate is inclined backwards from top to bottom; the upper end of the outer side plate is connected with the outer end of the top plate, and the outer side plate is inclined outwards from top to bottom so as to control the flow direction of the soil which is turned up and thrown up, and the soil is conveyed to the sugarcane bag.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, preferably, grass cutting knife groups 11 are respectively arranged on the left and right side walls of the gear box 302, each grass cutting knife group 11 comprises a plurality of grass cutting knives 1101 which are distributed at intervals along the up-down direction, each grass cutting knife 1101 is detachably connected with the gear box 302 through a mounting seat 1102, weeds involved in the rotary tillage assembly 3 can be cut, grass winding on the rotary tillage assembly 3 is reduced, and the workload of cleaning and maintaining machines by farmers is effectively reduced; in addition, when the perennial root sugarcane ridge breaking operation is carried out, the grass cutting knife group 11 cuts off the screwed sugarcane leaves, and then the sugarcane leaves are crushed by the rotary tillage knife group 301 and returned to the field, so that the step of returning the sugarcane leaves to the field by using a rotary cultivator is omitted.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the hilling means 6 preferably includes a link 602 and a hilling plow 601. The front end of the connecting frame 602 is arranged at the rear end of the frame 1 in a mode of being capable of moving left and right, and the upper end of the hilling plow 601 is arranged on the connecting frame 602 in a mode of being capable of adjusting the height through the hilling frame 603, so that the hilling height of the sugarcane can be conveniently adjusted; the ridging plow 601 can shift the crushed soil after rotary tillage of the rotary blade group 301 to the sugarcane pockets of the sugarcane rows on the two sides to ridge the sugarcane. Further preferably, the upper end of the hilling frame 603 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes, the connecting frame 602 is provided with a second connecting hole, and the second connecting holes and the different first connecting holes are connected by bolts, so that the height of the hilling plow 601 can be adjusted.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the ridging device 7 preferably includes a ridging frame 704, an upper end of the ridging frame 704 being connected to the connection frame 602 in a swingable manner back and forth, and a roller rotatably mounted to a lower end of the ridging frame 704. The ridging frame 704 is inclined downwards from front to back, the middle part of the ridging frame 704 is connected with the connecting frame 602 through an elastic mechanism, the elastic mechanism is a spring 703, and the roller body can form a pressing force on the ground through the action of the elastic mechanism, so that the roller body elastically floats. Further preferably, in each ridging device 7, the roller body comprises a rotating shaft 705 and two profiling ridging rollers 702, the middle part of the rotating shaft 705 is rotationally connected with the ridging frame 704, the two profiling ridging rollers 702 are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the rotating shaft 705, and each profiling ridging roller 702 is conical inwards in the large-mouth direction; in the two ridging devices 7, a cylindrical roller 701 is arranged on the outer sides of two profiling ridging rollers 702 positioned on the left side and the right side, the two profiling ridging rollers 702 positioned in the middle are connected through the cylindrical roller 701, the diameter of each cylindrical roller 701 is gradually reduced from two ends to the middle, and the ridging rollers 702 and the cylindrical rollers 701 can be used for trimming and compacting the ridged sugarcane.
Referring to fig. 3, preferably, in each ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanism, the upper end of the front plow 201 is provided with a plurality of third connecting holes along the up-down direction, the front plow frame 202 is provided with a fourth connecting hole at a position corresponding to each front plow 201, and the height of the front plow 201 can be adjusted by connecting the fourth connecting hole with different third connecting holes through bolts.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, preferably, in order to facilitate the left-right movement of the ridge breaking front plow assembly 2, the rotary tillage assembly 3 and the hilling device 6, the rear end of the front plow frame 202 is provided with a connecting device, the front and rear ends of the gear box 302 are respectively provided with a connecting device, and the front end of the connecting frame 602 is provided with a connecting device. The connecting device comprises two mounting plates 4 which are distributed at intervals, wherein one mounting plate 4 is fixed on the front plow frame 202, the gear box 302 or the connecting frame 602, the other mounting plate 4 is movably arranged, during mounting, a cross rod of the frame 1 is clamped between the two mounting plates 4, the two mounting plates 4 are fastened and connected by bolts, when the moving is needed, the bolts are loosened, the front plow frame 202, the gear box 302 or the connecting frame 602 is slid left and right, after the front plow frame 202, the gear box 302 or the connecting frame 602 is adjusted to a required position, the bolts are screwed again, and the adjusting mode is simple and convenient.
By adopting the driving type sugarcane ratoon and sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine provided by the invention, ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging can be performed on mechanically harvested sugarcane fields, ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging can be performed on newly planted sugarcane fields, and the spacing between working parts can be adjusted for sugarcane with different planting row spacing. When the ridge is broken, the plough assembly 2 is used for cutting the land block in advance before the ridge is broken, and then the rotary tillage assembly 3 is used for cutting the land block for the second time and crushing the soil block, so that the soil breaking rate is improved, the operation effect during ridge breaking and ridging is improved, the power consumption of the rotary tillage assembly 3 is reduced, and the durability of the rotary tillage assembly 3 is improved. By adjusting the width of the rotary tillage cutter group 301, ridge breaking, fertilization and ridging operations can be performed on sugarcane planting rows with different tilling widths, so that the situation that sugarcane seedlings are damaged due to improper tilling widths is avoided. The rotary tillage assembly 3, the soil control assembly 5, the ridging device 6 and the ridging device 7 can be integrated into a soil distribution and conveying system, the movement direction of soil turned up by the rotary tillage assembly 3 is different, and one part of the soil moves to the soil control assembly 5 and then is bounced to a sugarcane bag to complete the first-stage ridging; part of the soil moves to the ridging plow 601, is mixed with the soil lifted by the ridging plow 601 from the furrows, is extruded by the side wall of the ridging plow 601 to move to the sugarcane pocket, and finally pushes the residual soil to enter the sugarcane pocket by using the ridging device 7, and trims and compacts the sugarcane ridge, so that the ridging of the second stage is completed, and the ridging effect is improved. By adopting the ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine, the soil breaking rate can reach more than 90 percent, and the hilling height can reach more than 15 cm.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a driven sugarcane dormitory root sugarcane ridge breaking fertilization ridging all-in-one, its characterized in that, ridge breaking fertilization ridging all-in-one includes:
the front end of the frame is connected with the walking machinery; and
at least two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms which are symmetrically distributed left and right and are arranged on the frame in a mode of being capable of moving left and right; wherein, every the ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanism comprises:
the ridge breaking front plow assembly comprises a front plow frame and two front plows, wherein the rear end of the front plow frame is connected with the front end of the frame in a mode of being capable of moving left and right, the upper ends of the two front plows are connected with the front end of the front plow frame in a mode of being capable of adjusting height, and the two front plows are distributed symmetrically left and right;
the rotary tillage assembly comprises a gear box and a rotary tillage cutter group, wherein the upper end of the gear box is provided with a gear box input shaft, and the lower end of the gear box is provided with a first gear box output shaft; the rotary tillage cutter group is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box; the upper end of the gear box is arranged on the frame in a mode of being capable of moving left and right and is positioned at the rear of the plough assembly before ridge breaking, and the input shaft of the gear box is driven to rotate by a first driving mechanism; the rotary blade set comprises a rotary blade shaft, at least one rotary blade disc, at least two sleeves and an end cover, wherein the inner end of the rotary blade shaft is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box through a spline, the outer end of the rotary blade shaft is a blade disc connecting end, and the cross section of the outer circumferential surface of the blade disc connecting end is elliptical; the middle part of the rotary tillage cutterhead is provided with a through hole which is matched and connected with the connecting end of the cutterhead, the rotary tillage cutterhead is provided with a plurality of tillage harrow cutters which are uniformly distributed along the same circumferential direction, and each tillage harrow cutter is detachably connected with the rotary tillage cutterhead; each sleeve is movably sleeved on the cutter head connecting end; when the number of the rotary tillage cutterheads is one, the two sleeves are respectively positioned at the inner side and the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead; when the number of the rotary tillage cutterheads is at least two, the number of the sleeves is the same as that of the rotary tillage cutterheads, one sleeve is arranged between two adjacent rotary tillage cutterheads, and the sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead on the outer side; the end cover is detachably connected with the outer end of the cutter head connecting end; the grass cutting knife groups are arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the gear box, each grass cutting knife group comprises a plurality of grass cutting knives which are distributed at intervals along the up-down direction, and each grass cutting knife is detachably connected with the gear box through a mounting seat;
a fertilizer applicator detachably mounted on the top of the gear box and positioned above and behind the rotary tillage cutter group, wherein the fertilizer applicator is driven by a second driving mechanism to perform rotary fertilization;
a hilling device which is mounted on the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right and is positioned at the rear lower part of the fertilizing device and is used for hilling;
a ridging device rotatably mounted on the rear side of the ridging device for ridging; the ridging device comprises a ridging frame and a roller body, the upper end of the ridging frame is connected with the ridging device in a mode of being capable of swinging back and forth, the ridging frame is inclined downwards from front to back, the middle part of the ridging frame is connected with the ridging device through an elastic mechanism, and the roller body is arranged at the lower end of the ridging frame in a mode of being capable of rotating; and
the soil control assembly comprises two soil control plates, and the two soil control plates are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the gear box;
in each ridging device, the roller body comprises a rotating shaft and two profiling ridging rollers, the middle part of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the ridging frame, the two profiling ridging rollers are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the rotating shaft, and each profiling ridging roller is in a conical shape with an inward large opening direction; in the two ridging devices, the outer sides of the two profiling ridging rollers positioned at the left side and the right side are respectively provided with a cylindrical roller, the two profiling ridging rollers positioned in the middle are connected through one cylindrical roller, and the diameter of each cylindrical roller is gradually reduced from two ends to the middle.
2. The driving sugarcane-perennial root sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging all-in-one machine according to claim 1, wherein the first driving mechanism comprises a transfer case and two telescopic couplings, the transfer case is mounted on the frame and is positioned between the two ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging mechanisms, a power input shaft at the front end of the transfer case is connected with a power output shaft of the walking machine through a universal joint, and power output shafts at the left side and the right side of the transfer case are respectively connected with a gear box input shaft of the rotary tillage assembly through one telescopic coupling.
3. The driving type sugarcane-ratoon ridging, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein in each ridging, fertilizing and ridging mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises two chain wheels and a chain, a second gear box output shaft is further arranged at the upper end of the gear box, one chain wheel is mounted on the second gear box output shaft, the other chain wheel is mounted on a driving shaft of the fertilizing device, and the chain is wound between the two chain wheels.
4. The driving sugarcane-ratoon-root sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the number of the rotary tillage cutter groups is two, the number of the first gear box output shafts is also two, the two first gear box output shafts are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the gear box, and the two rotary tillage cutter groups are respectively connected with one first gear box output shaft.
5. The driving type sugarcane-perennial root-sugarcane ridge-breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the ridging device comprises a connecting frame and a ridging plow, the front end of the connecting frame is mounted at the rear end of the frame in a manner capable of moving left and right, and the upper end of the ridging plow is mounted on the connecting frame in a manner capable of adjusting the height through the ridging frame.
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| CN202011444973.6A CN112470583B (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Driving type sugarcane-ratoon sugarcane ridge breaking, fertilizing and ridging integrated machine |
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| CN113196922B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-08-26 | 淮北市三丰肥业有限公司 | Electric fertilizer spreading equipment and use method thereof |
| CN113424751B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-10-28 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Management method for mechanically stumping, ridging, deep loosening and stumping perennial root sugarcane |
| CN113498643B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-06-17 | 洛阳辰汉农业装备科技股份有限公司 | Small double-row crop inter-row ridging device and intertillage ridging fertilizer applicator |
| CN114158298B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-03-31 | 东北农业大学 | Rotary tillage and ridging assembly |
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