CN112470571B - Multifunctional driving sugarcane intertillage ridger - Google Patents
Multifunctional driving sugarcane intertillage ridger Download PDFInfo
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- CN112470571B CN112470571B CN202011445100.7A CN202011445100A CN112470571B CN 112470571 B CN112470571 B CN 112470571B CN 202011445100 A CN202011445100 A CN 202011445100A CN 112470571 B CN112470571 B CN 112470571B
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- gear box
- rotary tillage
- frame
- ridging
- soil
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- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/12—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with soil-working implements, e.g. ploughs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/14—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with dispensing apparatus, e.g. for fertilisers, herbicides or preservatives
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional driving sugarcane intertillage ridger, which comprises: a frame; the two ridging mechanisms are symmetrically distributed left and right and are connected with the frame in a left-right moving way; each ridging mechanism comprises: the rotary tillage assembly comprises a gear box and a rotary tillage cutter group, and the rotary tillage cutter group is connected with the gear box; the upper end of the gear box is connected with the front end of the frame in a left-right moving way; the soil control assembly is arranged on the gear box and is positioned above the rotary tillage cutter set; the fertilizing device is arranged on the gear box and is positioned above the rear part of the soil control component; and the ridging device is connected with the rack in a left-right moving way and is positioned at the rear lower part of the fertilizing device. The hiller adopting the invention can be suitable for different row spacing of sugarcane, reduce the loss of parts and improve the hilling effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional driving sugarcane intertillage ridger.
Background
The intertillage ridging of the sugarcane is an agronomic requirement in the sugarcane planting process, and has the functions of loosening soil, preserving soil moisture and fertilizing, and the lodging resistance capability and the sugarcane yield of the sugarcane can be improved by cultivating the soil to the position of a sugarcane pocket, so that the later mechanized harvesting is facilitated. Therefore, the existing sugarcane intertillage ridger and sugarcane ridger can basically complete a series of field management works of intertillage ridging, fertilization and weeding. However, the refined planting of sugarcane has put forward higher and higher requirement to sugarcane intertillage hiller, and traditional model is in hilling operation mainly relying on hilling device to promote and extrude soil, can't cultivate the soil into the sugarcane pocket completely or cultivate the soil into the sugarcane pocket less. When the soil crushing rate is low and the soil quantity is insufficient, the soil is more difficult to cultivate into the sugarcane pocket, so that the base part of the sugarcane stem is not filled practically, and the soil beside the sugarcane seedlings is accumulated and the sugarcane pocket part lacks the ridge shape of the 'volcanic notch', so that the lodging and cutting head breaking rate of the sugarcane is high. In addition, when sugarcane is mechanically harvested, the ridge shape of a volcanic vent can lead to high-order cutting of a harvesting machine, the sugarcane heads are reserved too long, yield loss is caused, high-order buds are easy to induce to germinate early, germination of low-order buds is inhibited, the number of effective sugarcane plants in the sugarcane pockets is reduced, and accordingly yield of perennial root sugarcane is affected. In addition, when the ridging and ridging of the perennial root sugarcane are carried out, only a tractor is used for driving a hoe and shovel plow to carry out ridging operation on the sugarcane field. However, the soil of the sugarcane field after the sugarcane harvester works is very hard, the soil firmness is high, if the soil is cut open and turned up by only using the strong row of the hoe and the furrow plough, the soil breaking rate is low, and the hilling effect is not ideal; and secondly, the forward resistance of the tractor can be greatly increased, so that the power consumption is improved, the loss of the parts is increased, and the service life of the machine is reduced.
In addition, because the row spacing that the sugarcane was planted is different, ditch width and ridge width are different, if the cultivation width of rotary tillage subassembly is fixed, can be after changing working row spacing, cultivation width and sugarcane trench width mismatch, injure sugarcane root in broken ridge and cultivation hilling process, lead to the sugarcane to reduce the yield, strike peasant's use confidence to sugarcane cultivation hiller. Therefore, aiming at the problems that the current intertillage hilling quality is poor and the agronomic requirements cannot be met, and the ridge breaking has large machine loss, the multifunctional driving sugarcane intertillage hiller with strong lateral soil supplying capability, ridge breaking, soil breaking, fertilization, directional soil supplying, hilling and the like is necessary to be developed, and the multifunctional driving sugarcane intertillage hiller can be suitable for the intertillage hilling of newly planted sugarcane and can also be suitable for the novel agronomic operations such as ridge breaking, fertilization, hilling and the like of ratoon sugarcane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional driving sugarcane intertillage hiller, so that the defects that the sugarcane intertillage hiller is low in soil breaking rate, poor in hilling effect, capable of greatly increasing the advancing resistance of the hiller and not suitable for sugarcane rows with different row spacing are overcome.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multifunctional driving sugarcane cultivation hiller, the hiller comprising: the front end of the frame is connected with the walking machinery; at least two ridging mechanisms which are symmetrically distributed left and right and are mounted on the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right; wherein, every hilling mechanism includes: the rotary tillage assembly comprises a gear box and a rotary tillage cutter group, wherein the upper end of the gear box is provided with a gear box input shaft, and the lower end of the gear box is provided with a first gear box output shaft; the rotary tillage cutter group is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box; the upper end of the gear box is arranged at the front end of the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right, and the input shaft of the gear box is driven to rotate by a first driving mechanism; the soil control assembly is arranged on the gear box and positioned above the rotary tillage cutter set and is used for controlling the flow direction of soil turned up during rotary tillage of the rotary tillage cutter set; a fertilizing device which is detachably arranged at the top of the gear box and is positioned above the rear part of the soil control assembly, and the fertilizing device is driven by a second driving mechanism to carry out rotary fertilization; and a ridging device which is mounted on the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right and is positioned at the rear lower part of the fertilizing device for ridging.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the first driving mechanism includes a transfer case and two telescopic couplings, the transfer case is mounted on the frame and is located between the two earthing mechanisms, a power input shaft at the front end of the transfer case is connected with a power output shaft of the walking machine through a universal joint, and power output shafts at the left and right sides of the transfer case are connected with a gear box input shaft of the rotary tillage assembly through one telescopic coupling respectively.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, in each of the soil-up mechanisms, the second driving mechanism includes two sprockets and a chain, a second gear box output shaft is further provided at an upper end of the gear box, one of the sprockets is fixedly mounted on the second gear box output shaft, the other sprocket is mounted on a driving shaft of the fertilizer apparatus, and the chain is wound between the two sprockets.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the number of the rotary blade sets is two, the number of the first gear box output shafts is also two, and the two first gear box output shafts are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the gear box, and the two rotary blade sets are respectively connected with one first gear box output shaft.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the rotary blade set includes: the inner end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box through a spline, the outer end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is a cutter head connecting end, and the cross section of the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head connecting end is elliptical; at least one rotary tillage cutter head, wherein the middle part of the rotary tillage cutter head is provided with a through hole which is matched and connected with the connecting end of the cutter head, the rotary tillage cutter head is provided with a plurality of tillage harrow cutters which are uniformly distributed along the same circumferential direction, and each tillage harrow cutter is detachably connected with the rotary tillage cutter head; at least two sleeves, each sleeve is movably sleeved on the cutter head connecting end; when the number of the rotary tillage cutterheads is one, the two sleeves are respectively positioned at the inner side and the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead; when the number of the rotary tillage cutterheads is at least two, the number of the sleeves is the same as that of the rotary tillage cutterheads, one sleeve is arranged between two adjacent rotary tillage cutterheads, and the sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead on the outer side; and the end cover is detachably connected with the outer end of the cutter head connecting end.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the soil control assembly comprises two soil control plates, the two soil control plates are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the gear box, the inner side of each soil control plate is connected with the gear box in a manner of being capable of swinging up and down, and each soil control plate swings up and down driven by the angle adjusting mechanism.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the soil control plate includes a top plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, and an outer side plate, the upper end of the front side plate is connected with the front end of the top plate, and the front side plate is inclined forward from top to bottom; the upper end of the rear side plate is connected with the rear end of the top plate, and the rear side plate is inclined backwards from top to bottom; the upper end of the outer side plate is connected with the outer end of the top plate, and the outer side plate is inclined outwards from top to bottom.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the left and right side walls of the gear box are provided with grass cutting knife groups, each grass cutting knife group comprises a plurality of grass cutting knives distributed at intervals along the up-down direction, and each grass cutting knife is detachably connected with the gear box through a mounting seat.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the earthing-up device includes: a connecting frame, the front end of which is mounted at the rear end of the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right; the upper end of the ridging plow is arranged on the connecting frame in a height-adjustable mode through the ridging frame; and the ridging roller is arranged on the connecting frame and positioned behind the ridging plow.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the ridge-shaping roller includes a ridge-shaping frame and a roller body, the upper end of the ridge-shaping frame is connected with the connecting frame in a manner of being capable of swinging back and forth, the ridge-shaping frame is inclined downward from front to back, an elastic mechanism is connected between the ridge-shaping frame and the ridging frame, and the roller body is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the ridge-shaping frame; wherein, the whole ridge frame is provided with a scraper plate which is distributed up and down relative to the roller body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the hiller integrates the functions of crushing soil, fertilizing, directional soil supply, hilling and the like, has various functions, can finish the works of crushing soil, fertilizing, hilling and the like at one time, and improves the working efficiency; the two ridging mechanisms can move left and right to adjust the distance between the two ridging mechanisms, so that the two ridging mechanisms are suitable for sugarcane rows with different row spacing, and the two ridging mechanisms are wide in application range and strong in practicability; the rotary tillage assembly can open a large area of land and pulverize the turned-out soil, so that the working resistance and the power consumption of the rotary tillage assembly are reduced, the loss rate of parts is reduced, and the soil pulverizing rate and the soil supplying amount are improved; and the rotary tillage subassembly can use with the accuse soil subassembly at its top organically, and the soil that the accuse soil subassembly can turn over when rotary tillage subassembly rotary tillage is thrown bounces to the sugarcane pocket department of sugarcane, and the earthing up device at rethread rear pushes soil to the sugarcane pocket department, accomplishes the earthing up work of soil jointly, avoids the sugarcane pocket to form "crater" form, improves the effect of earthing up.
2. The rotary tillage cutter group of the hiller is of a combined design, the tillage harrow cutters are detachably arranged on the rotary tillage cutter heads, a plurality of tillage harrow cutters can be arranged on each rotary tillage cutter head to form different spiral line distribution, the number of the tillage harrow cutters can be adjusted according to the soil crushing rate and the soil supply requirement, and the soil crushing rate is improved and the hilling effect is improved by increasing the number of the tillage harrow cutters; in addition, the sleeve is arranged at the connecting end of the rotary tillage cutter head, the relative distance between the rotary tillage cutter heads can be adjusted by changing the sleeves with different lengths, and the quantity of the rotary tillage cutter heads can also be adjusted, so that the purposes of changing the working width of the rotary tillage cutter set and adjusting the tillage width are achieved, and the rotary tillage cutter is suitable for different ground conditions and different agronomic requirements.
3. According to the hiller, the soil control assembly is arranged on the rotary tillage assembly, and the hiller can be integrated with the hiller to form a soil conveying system, so that soil turned up during rotary tillage of the rotary tillage cutter set can be bounced and thrown to the vicinity of the sugarcane pocket to finish primary soil distribution, and the soil is pushed to the sugarcane pocket through the hiller at the rear to finish secondary soil distribution, so that the problem that the soil cannot be completely cultivated to the sugarcane pocket in the current sugarcane intertilling hilling is solved; the soil control plate of the soil control assembly can rotate up and down to adjust angles according to different hilling requirements.
4. According to the hiller, the grass cutting knife groups are arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the gear box, weeds rolled in the rotary tillage assembly can be cut, grass winding on the rotary tillage assembly is reduced, and the workload of cleaning and maintaining the machine by farmers is effectively reduced; in addition, when the perennial root sugarcane ridge breaking operation is carried out, the straw cutting knife set cuts off the screwed sugarcane leaves, and then the sugarcane leaves are crushed by the rotary tillage knife set and returned to the field, so that the step of returning the sugarcane leaves to the field by using a rotary cultivator is omitted.
5. The ridging device comprises a ridging plow and a ridging roller, wherein the ridging plow can shift broken soil after rotary tillage of the rotary tillage cutter set to sugarcane pockets of sugarcane rows on two sides, and the ridging roller is used for flattening sugarcane ridges and sugarcane furrows so as to improve the harvesting quality of a subsequent sugarcane harvester.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a multi-functional driving sugarcane cultivation hiller according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic right-hand view of fig. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of fig. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the rotary tillage cutter according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of the soil control assembly according to the present invention mounted on a rotary tillage assembly.
The main reference numerals illustrate:
the device comprises a 1-frame, a 2-soil control assembly, 21-connecting rods, 22-hinging seats, 23-top plates, 24-outer side plates, 25-rear side plates, 26-front side plates, 27-connecting plates, 3-rotary tillage assemblies, 31-rotary tillage cutter groups, 311-rotary tillage cutter shafts, 312-tillage harrow cutters, 313-rotary tillage cutter heads, 314-end covers, 315-bolt top covers, 316-spring washers, 317-sleeves, 32-gear boxes, 4-mounting plates, 5-earthing devices, 51-earthing plows, 52-roller bodies, 53-ridge forming frames, 54-springs, 55-earthing frames, 56-connecting frames, 57-scraping plates, 6-fertilizing devices, 61-chain wheels, 62-chains, 7-telescopic couplings, 8-transfer cases, 9-grass cutting cutter groups, 91-mounting seats and 92-grass cutting cutters.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
Fig. 1 to 5 show a schematic structure of a multi-functional driving sugarcane cultivation hiller according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which comprises a frame 1 and at least two hilling mechanisms. Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the front end of a frame 1 is connected with a walking machine, wherein the walking machine may be a tractor, and the front end of the frame 1 and the rear end of the tractor adopt a three-point suspension connection mode to drive the hiller to move through the walking of the tractor, and the hiller can be lifted and lowered through a lifting oil cylinder on the tractor, so that the hiller is convenient to transfer and work. The two ridging mechanisms are distributed in a bilateral symmetry mode and are mounted on the frame 1 in a mode of being capable of moving left and right, so that the distance between the two ridging mechanisms is adjusted, the ridging mechanisms are suitable for sugarcane rows with different row spacing, the application range is wide, and the practicability is high. Each ridging mechanism comprises a rotary tillage assembly 3, a soil control assembly 2, a fertilizing device 6 and a ridging device 5. The rotary tillage assembly 3 comprises a gear box 32 and a rotary tillage cutter group 31, wherein the upper end of the gear box 32 is provided with a gear box input shaft, and the lower end of the gear box 32 is provided with a first gear box output shaft; the rotary tillage cutter group 31 is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box; the upper end of the gear box 32 is attached to the front end of the frame 1 so as to be movable in the left-right direction, and the gear box input shaft is driven to rotate by a first drive mechanism. The soil control assembly 2 is arranged on the gear box 32 and is positioned above the rotary tillage cutter set 31 and used for controlling the flow direction of the soil which is turned up during rotary tillage of the rotary tillage cutter set 31 so as to rebound the soil which is turned up to the vicinity of the base of the sugarcane stalk. The fertilizing device 6 is detachably mounted on the top of the gear box 32 and is located above the rear of the soil control assembly 2, and the fertilizing device 6 is driven by a second driving mechanism to rotationally fertilize, so as to fertilize the sugarcane rows on two sides. The hilling device 5 is mounted on the frame 1 so as to be movable left and right and is located at the rear lower side of the fertilizer application device 6, and is used for hilling. The hiller provided by the invention integrates the functions of crushing soil, fertilizing, directional soil supply, hilling and the like, has various functions, can finish the works of crushing soil, fertilizing, hilling and the like at one time, and improves the working efficiency; the rotary tillage assembly 3 can open a land block in a large area, and pulverize the turned-out soil block, so that the working resistance and the power consumption of the rotary tillage assembly 3 are reduced, the loss rate of parts is reduced, and the soil pulverizing rate and the soil supplying amount are improved; and rotary tillage subassembly 3 can use with the accuse soil subassembly 2 at its top organic combination, and the soil that the accuse soil subassembly 2 can turn over when rotary tillage subassembly 3 rotary tillage is thrown bounces to the sugarcane pocket department of sugarcane, and the earthing up device 5 of rethread rear pushes soil to the sugarcane pocket department, accomplishes the earthing up work of soil jointly, avoids the sugarcane pocket to form "the fire hole" form, improves the effect of earthing up.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the first driving mechanism may be a motor or a transmission mechanism connected to a power output shaft of the walking machine. Preferably, the first driving mechanism comprises a transfer case 8 and two telescopic couplings 7, the transfer case 8 is mounted on the frame 1 and is positioned between two hilling mechanisms, a power input shaft at the front end of the transfer case 8 is connected with a power output shaft of a travelling machine through a universal joint, power output shafts at the left side and the right side of the transfer case 8 are respectively connected with a gear box input shaft of a rotary tillage assembly 3 through one telescopic coupling 7, so that rotary power of the travelling machine is transmitted to gear boxes 32 of the left hilling mechanism and the right hilling mechanism through the transfer case 8, and then is transmitted to corresponding rotary tillage cutter groups 31 through the gear boxes 32, and the rotary tillage cutter groups 31 are driven to rotate to crush soil. The telescopic coupler 7 can be telescopic, so that the distance between the two ridging mechanisms can be conveniently adjusted.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in each of the hilling mechanisms, the second driving mechanism may be a motor or a chain transmission mechanism connected to the gear box 32. Preferably, in each ridging mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises two chain wheels 61 and a chain 62, the upper end of the gear box 32 is further provided with a second gear box output shaft, one chain wheel 61 is fixedly mounted on the second gear box output shaft, the other chain wheel 61 is mounted on the driving shaft of the fertilizer application device 6, and the chain 62 is wound between the two chain wheels 61 to transmit the driving force of the gear box 32 to the fertilizer application device 6, so as to drive the fertilizer application device 6 to rotate for fertilizer application. Wherein, fertilizer apparatus 6 is prior art, commercially available.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, preferably, the number of rotary blade sets 31 is two, the number of first gear box output shafts is also two, and the two first gear box output shafts are respectively disposed at the left and right sides of the gear box 32, and the two rotary blade sets 31 are respectively connected with one first gear box output shaft, so as to facilitate rotary tillage soil breaking operation.
Referring to fig. 4, preferably, rotary blade set 31 includes a rotary blade shaft 311, at least one rotary blade disc 313, at least two sleeves 317, and an end cap 314. The inner end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft 311 is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box through a spline, the outer end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft 311 is a cutter head connecting end, and the cross section of the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head connecting end is elliptical so as to form a step surface with the inner end of the cutter head connecting end, thereby being convenient for driving the rotary tillage cutter head 313 to rotate. The middle part of rotary tillage cutterhead 313 has been seted up and has been cooperateed the through-hole of being connected with the cutterhead link, is equipped with a plurality of and follows same circumferencial direction evenly distributed's cultivation harrow sword 312 on the rotary tillage cutterhead 313, and the centre of a circle of the circumference that all cultivation harrow sword 312 encloses is collinearly with the axis of rotary tillage cutterhead 313, and every cultivation harrow sword 312 passes through the bolt and can dismantle with rotary tillage cutterhead 313 and be connected, the dismouting of the cultivation harrow sword 312 of being convenient for. Each rotary tillage cutter head 313 can be provided with a plurality of tillage harrow cutters 312 to form different spiral line distribution, the quantity of the tillage harrow cutters 312 can be adjusted according to the soil crushing rate and the soil supply quantity requirement, and the soil crushing rate is improved and the hilling effect is improved by increasing the quantity of the tillage harrow cutters 312. Each sleeve 317 is movably sleeved on the cutter head connecting end; when the number of rotary tillage cutterheads 313 is one, two sleeves 317 are respectively positioned on the inner side and the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead 313; when the number of rotary blades 313 is at least two, the number of sleeves 317 is the same as the number of rotary blades 313, a sleeve 317 is disposed between two adjacent rotary blades 313, a sleeve 317 is disposed on the outer side of the outermost rotary blade 313, and the innermost rotary blade 313 abuts against the step surface. The end cover 314 is detachably connected with the outer end of the cutter head connecting end, and the inner end of the end cover 314 is abutted against the outer end of the sleeve 317 positioned at the outermost side, so that all parts in the axial direction are pressed, and axial movement is avoided. The end cover 314 is in threaded connection with the outer end of the cutter head connecting end through a bolt top cover 315, and a spring washer 316 is arranged between the bolt top cover 315 and the end cover 314, so that loosening of threads is avoided. The relative distance of the rotary blade discs 313 and the number of the rotary blade discs 313 can be adjusted by changing the sleeves 317 with different lengths so as to achieve the purpose of changing the working width and the tilling width of the rotary blade set 31, thereby adapting to different ground conditions and different agronomic requirements.
Referring to fig. 5, the soil controlling assembly 2 preferably includes two soil controlling boards symmetrically disposed at left and right sides of the gear case 32, each soil controlling board including a top plate 23, a front side plate 26, a rear side plate 25 and an outer side plate 24, an upper end of the front side plate 26 being connected with a front end of the top plate 23, and the front side plate 26 being inclined forward from top to bottom; the upper end of the rear side plate 25 is connected with the rear end of the top plate 23, and the rear side plate 25 is inclined backward from top to bottom; the upper end of the outer side plate 24 is connected with the outer end of the top plate 23, and the outer side plate 24 is inclined outwards from top to bottom; so as to control the flow direction of the turned and thrown soil. The inner side of the top plate 23 of each soil control plate is connected with the gear box 32 in a manner of being capable of swinging up and down, and the top plate 23 of each soil control plate swings up and down driven by the angle adjusting mechanism so as to meet different hilling requirements. Further preferably, both sides all are equipped with an angle adjustment mechanism around every roof 23, every adjustment mechanism includes connecting rod 21, the lower extreme of connecting rod 21 is articulated with roof 23 through articulated seat 22, the first connecting hole that a plurality of interval set up is seted up along its length direction to the upper end of connecting rod 21, be equipped with connecting plate 27 on the position that corresponds with connecting rod 21 on the gear box 32, a plurality of second connecting hole along upper and lower direction interval distribution has been seted up on the connecting plate 27, first connecting hole and the second connecting hole of difference are connected through the bolt selection, just can adjust roof 23 luffing angle, in order to be applicable to the demand of different hilling heights.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, preferably, grass cutting knife groups 9 are arranged on the left and right side walls of the gear box 32, each grass cutting knife group 9 comprises a plurality of grass cutting knives 92 which are distributed at intervals along the up-down direction, each grass cutting knife 92 is detachably connected with the gear box 32 through a mounting seat 91, weeds which are rolled in by the rotary tillage assembly 3 can be cut, grass winding on the rotary tillage assembly 3 is reduced, and the workload of cleaning and maintaining machines by farmers is effectively reduced; in addition, when the perennial root sugarcane ridge breaking operation is carried out, the grass cutting knife group 9 cuts off the screwed sugarcane leaves, and then the sugarcane leaves are crushed by the rotary tillage knife group 31 and returned to the field, so that the step of returning the sugarcane leaves to the field by using a rotary cultivator is omitted.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the ridging device 5 preferably includes a connection frame 56, a ridging plow 51, and a ridging roller. The front end of the connecting frame 56 is mounted on the rear end of the frame 1 in a manner of being capable of moving left and right, and the upper end of the hilling plow 51 is mounted on the connecting frame 56 in a manner of being capable of adjusting the height through the hilling frame 55; the ridging roller is arranged on the connecting frame 56 and is positioned behind the ridging plow 51; the ridging plow 51 can shift the crushed soil after rotary tillage of the rotary tillage cutter group 31 to the sugarcane pockets of the sugarcane rows on the two sides, and then the ridging rollers are used for flattening sugarcane ridges and sugarcane furrows so as to improve the harvesting quality of the subsequent sugarcane harvester. Further preferably, the ridge-finishing roller comprises a ridge-finishing frame 53 and a roller body 52, wherein the upper end of the ridge-finishing frame 53 is connected with the connecting frame 56 in a mode of being capable of swinging back and forth, the ridge-finishing frame 53 is inclined downwards from front to back, an elastic mechanism is connected between the ridge-finishing frame 53 and the ridging frame 55, the roller body 52 is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the ridge-finishing frame 53, and the effect of the elastic mechanism can enable the ridge-finishing roller to form a pressing force on the ground. Wherein, the ridge forming frame 53 is provided with a scraping plate 57 which is distributed up and down relative to the roller body 52 so as to scrape off the cohesive soil adhered on the roller body 52 and clean the roller body 52. Further, it is preferable that the upper end of the ridging frame 55 is provided with a plurality of third connecting holes, the connecting frame 56 is provided with a fourth connecting hole, and the fourth connecting hole and the different third connecting holes are connected by bolts, so that the height of the ridging plow 51 can be adjusted. Wherein the elastic mechanism is a spring 54.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 5, preferably, in order to facilitate the left and right movement of the rotary tillage assembly 3 and the hilling device 5, the front and rear ends of the gear case 32 are respectively provided with a connection device, and the front end of the connection frame 56 is provided with a connection device. The connecting device comprises two mounting plates 4 which are distributed at intervals, one mounting plate 4 is fixed on the gear box 32 or the connecting frame 56, the other mounting plate 4 is movably arranged, a cross rod on the frame 1 is clamped between the two mounting plates 4 during mounting, the two mounting plates 4 are fastened and connected by bolts, when the two mounting plates need to be moved, the bolts are loosened, the gear box 32 or the connecting frame 56 is slid left and right, and after the two mounting plates are adjusted to the required positions, the bolts are screwed again, so that the adjusting mode is simple and convenient.
The multifunctional driving sugarcane intertillage ridger provided by the invention can be used for ridging, fertilizing and ridging mechanically harvested sugarcane fields, intertillage, fertilizing and ridging newly planted sugarcane fields and adjusting the spacing of working parts for sugarcane with different planting row spacing. When the rotary tillage assembly 3 is used, the rotary tillage assembly 3 is used for cutting and crushing the land, so that the soil crushing rate is improved, the operation effect of subsequent hilling is improved, the power consumption of the hilling machine is reduced, and the durability of the hilling machine is improved. The width of the rotary tillage cutter group 31 is adjusted to carry out intertillage, fertilization and hilling operations on the sugarcane planting rows with different cultivation widths, so that the situation that sugarcane seedlings are damaged due to improper cultivation widths is avoided. The hiller can integrate the rotary tillage assembly 3, the soil control assembly 2 and the hiller 5 into a soil distribution and conveying system, the movement direction of soil turned up by the rotary tillage assembly 3 is different, and after part of the soil moves to the soil control assembly 2, the soil is bounced to a sugarcane pocket to finish the first-stage hilling; part moves to the hilling plow 51, mixes with the soil that the hilling plow 51 lifted from the furrow, receives the extrusion motion of hilling plow 51 lateral wall to the sugarcane pocket department, and finally utilizes whole ridge roller to promote remaining soil and gets into the sugarcane pocket to compact the furrow, accomplish the second stage hilling, solve the problem that current sugarcane intertilling hilling can't cultivate to the sugarcane pocket portion, avoid the soil of sugarcane pocket department to appear "volcanic mouth" form. The sugarcane ridge and the furrow can be leveled through the ridge leveling roller, so that the harvesting quality of a subsequent sugarcane harvester is improved. The soil breaking rate of the hiller can reach more than 90%, and the hilling height can reach more than 15 cm.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional drive formula sugarcane intertillage hiller which characterized in that, the hiller includes:
the front end of the frame is connected with the walking machinery;
at least two ridging mechanisms which are symmetrically distributed left and right and are mounted on the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right; wherein, every hilling mechanism includes:
the rotary tillage assembly comprises a gear box and a rotary tillage cutter group, wherein the upper end of the gear box is provided with a gear box input shaft, and the lower end of the gear box is provided with a first gear box output shaft; the rotary tillage cutter group is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box; the upper end of the gear box is arranged at the front end of the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right, and the input shaft of the gear box is driven to rotate by a first driving mechanism;
the soil control assembly is arranged on the gear box and positioned above the rotary tillage cutter set and is used for controlling the flow direction of soil turned up during rotary tillage of the rotary tillage cutter set;
a fertilizing device which is detachably arranged at the top of the gear box and is positioned above the rear part of the soil control assembly, and the fertilizing device is driven by a second driving mechanism to carry out rotary fertilization; and
a hilling device which is mounted on the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right and is positioned at the rear lower part of the fertilizing device and is used for hilling;
wherein, rotary tillage knife tackle includes:
the inner end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is connected with the output shaft of the first gear box through a spline, the outer end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is a cutter head connecting end, and the cross section of the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head connecting end is elliptical;
at least one rotary tillage cutter head, wherein the middle part of the rotary tillage cutter head is provided with a through hole which is matched and connected with the connecting end of the cutter head, the rotary tillage cutter head is provided with a plurality of tillage harrow cutters which are uniformly distributed along the same circumferential direction, and each tillage harrow cutter is detachably connected with the rotary tillage cutter head;
at least two sleeves, each sleeve is movably sleeved on the cutter head connecting end; when the number of the rotary tillage cutterheads is one, the two sleeves are respectively positioned at the inner side and the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead; when the number of the rotary tillage cutterheads is at least two, the number of the sleeves is the same as that of the rotary tillage cutterheads, one sleeve is arranged between two adjacent rotary tillage cutterheads, and the sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the rotary tillage cutterhead on the outer side; and
the end cover is detachably connected with the outer end of the cutter head connecting end;
the grass cutting knife groups are arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the gear box, each grass cutting knife group comprises a plurality of grass cutting knives which are distributed at intervals along the up-down direction, and each grass cutting knife is detachably connected with the gear box through a mounting seat;
wherein, the earthing up device includes:
a connecting frame, the front end of which is mounted at the rear end of the frame in a manner of being capable of moving left and right;
the upper end of the ridging plow is arranged on the connecting frame in a height-adjustable mode through the ridging frame; and
the ridging roller is arranged on the connecting frame and positioned behind the ridging plow;
the ridging roller comprises a ridging frame and a roller body, wherein the upper end of the ridging frame is connected with the connecting frame in a mode of being capable of swinging back and forth, the ridging frame is inclined downwards from front to back, an elastic mechanism is connected between the ridging frame and the ridging frame, and the roller body is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the ridging frame; wherein, the whole ridge frame is provided with a scraper plate which is distributed up and down relative to the roller body.
2. The multi-functional, driven sugarcane cultivation hiller according to claim 1, wherein the first driving mechanism comprises a transfer case and two telescopic couplings, the transfer case is mounted on the frame and located between the two hiller mechanisms, a power input shaft at the front end of the transfer case is connected with a power output shaft of the walking machine through a universal joint, and power output shafts at the left side and the right side of the transfer case are respectively connected with the gear box input shaft of one rotary tillage assembly through one telescopic coupling.
3. A multi-functional, driven sugarcane cultivation hiller according to claim 1, wherein in each hilling mechanism, the second driving mechanism comprises two sprockets and a chain, a second gear box output shaft is further provided at the upper end of the gear box, one of the sprockets is fixedly mounted on the second gear box output shaft, the other sprocket is mounted on the driving shaft of the fertilizer apparatus, and the chain is wound between the two sprockets.
4. The multi-functional, driven sugarcane cultivation hiller according to claim 1, wherein the number of the rotary tillage cutter groups is two, the number of the first gear box output shafts is also two, the two first gear box output shafts are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the gear box, and the two rotary tillage cutter groups are respectively connected with one first gear box output shaft.
5. The multi-functional driving sugarcane cultivation hiller according to claim 1, wherein the soil control assembly comprises two soil control plates symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the gear box, the inner side of each soil control plate is connected with the gear box in a manner of being capable of swinging up and down, and each soil control plate swings up and down driven by the angle adjusting mechanism.
6. The multi-functional, driven sugarcane cultivation hiller according to claim 5, wherein the soil control plate comprises a top plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate and an outer side plate, the upper end of the front side plate is connected with the front end of the top plate, and the front side plate is inclined forward from top to bottom; the upper end of the rear side plate is connected with the rear end of the top plate, and the rear side plate is inclined backwards from top to bottom; the upper end of the outer side plate is connected with the outer end of the top plate, and the outer side plate is inclined outwards from top to bottom.
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| CN113179686A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-30 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Sugarcane inter-row fertilizing, weeding and banking machine |
| CN113273333B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2023-06-30 | 华南农业大学 | Sugarcane intertillage hiller |
| CN114568049B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-06-20 | 湖南农业大学 | Intertillage ridging device for tobacco planting |
| CN114793496B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-11-17 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Soil throwing and ridging mechanism and layered ridging device |
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