CN214257130U

CN214257130U - Pneumatic precision seeder for corn belt-shaped clean areas

Info

Publication number: CN214257130U
Application number: CN202022345696.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史嵩; 位国建; 周纪磊; 刘虎; 张荣芳; 朱鹏
Original assignee: Shandong Dahua Mechanical Co ltd; Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences
Current assignee: Shandong Dahua Mechanical Co ltd; Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences
Priority date: 2020-10-20
Filing date: 2020-10-20
Publication date: 2021-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a clean district pneumatic precision planter of banding shape of maize has solved the problem that can't realize the seeding of the maize in the banding clean district among the prior art, has the seeding of the clean district of realization banding, has improved the seeding quality, is favorable to the beneficial effect that maize grows, and concrete scheme is as follows: a pneumatic precision seeder for corn belt-shaped clean areas comprises a field returning machine and a seeder, wherein the field returning machine is connected with the seeder, and the seeder is arranged at the rear side of the field returning machine and can be connected with walking equipment; the seeder includes be used for with the girder that still field machine is connected, the tip of seeder profiling mechanism is gone into to girder one end card, and the other end is connected with the frame of still field machine.

Description

Pneumatic precision seeder for corn belt-shaped clean areas

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural seeding machinery research and specifically relates to a pneumatic precision planter in clean district of banded maize.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

The traditional full-width straw returning cultivation often causes wind erosion and soil moisture loss of surface soil, is not beneficial to the growth of crops such as corn, and can reduce water and soil loss, store water and preserve soil moisture and fertility of soil fertility by covering with straw. However, sowing under straw mulching conditions easily affects the emergence of seeds.

Under the condition of seeding in a belt-shaped clean area, the straw cover can increase the soil moisture, provide favorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms and soil animals, improve the operation efficiency, save the labor cost and reduce the fuel consumption. The strip-shaped clean area is sowed to form a loose seedling strip without straw coverage, which is beneficial to sowing, improves the sowing quality and the emergence rate.

However, the inventor finds that the prior art needs a separate returning machine for straw treatment, then sowing is carried out by separate sowing equipment, and the straw enters the field for cultivation for multiple times, so that the problem of being not beneficial to soil protection exists.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Not enough to prior art exists, the utility model aims at providing a pneumatic smart volume seeder in clean district of banded maize, still field machine is connected with the seeder, and still field machine sends into the field with the straw decomposition of seeding line, realizes that straw clearance separately goes on with the seeding, can realize the seeding in clean district of banding by the seeder, has improved the seeding quality.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical solution:

the utility model provides a clean district's pneumatic smart volume seeder of banded maize, includes still field machine and seeder, and still field machine and seeder are connected, and the rear side of still field machine is located to the seeder, and still field machine can be connected with the walking equipment, the seeder including be used for with the girder that still field machine is connected, girder one end card go into the tip of profiling mechanism, and the other end is connected with the frame of still field machine, and still field machine handles the field straw, and the follow-up seeding operation of being convenient for goes on smoothly, guarantees the bud ratio of agricultural crop, reduces the farming number of times to soil simultaneously, protects soil.

The pneumatic precision seeder for the corn belt-shaped clean areas is provided with a plurality of seeders, the adjacent seeders are arranged at intervals with set distances, the field returning machine is provided with a plurality of plowing bins for processing straws of seeding rows, and each plowing bin is arranged corresponding to each seeder in the front and back.

As above, the end part of the profiling mechanism is provided with a clamping groove, the clamping groove comprises a first clamping groove and a second clamping groove which are vertically arranged, and the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove are oppositely arranged.

The pneumatic precision seeder for the corn belt-shaped clean area is characterized in that the field returning machine is a deep-loosening seedling belt field returning machine, the deep-loosening seedling belt field returning machine comprises a plurality of plowing bins arranged through the rack, a transverse stubble cleaning cutter shaft penetrates through the plowing bins to be connected with side plates on two sides of the rack, a plurality of stubble cleaning cutters are arranged on the overlapping parts of the stubble cleaning cutter shaft and the plowing bins, a deep-loosening shovel arranged on the rack is arranged behind the stubble cleaning cutter shaft, and a press roller is arranged behind the deep-loosening shovel through the rack.

According to the pneumatic precision seeder for the corn belt-shaped clean area, the plowing bins are semi-closed chambers covered by the cover plates, each plowing bin is formed by the plowing plates on the two side surfaces, and the cover plates are arranged above the front sides of the plowing plates, so that when the field returning machine works, each plowing bin is in contact with the ground to form a closed chamber, the treatment of straws in the plowing bins is facilitated, and the straws in adjacent non-sowing areas are not interfered.

According to the pneumatic precision seeder for the corn belt-shaped clean area, a plurality of groups of stubble-cleaning knives are arranged in the ploughing bin along the circumferential direction of the stubble-cleaning knife shaft;

each group of stubble cleaning knives comprises a left bent knife and a right bent knife which are arranged in opposite directions, the left bent knife and the right bent knife are 7-shaped, and the stubble cleaning knife shaft is provided with a knife handle which is used for being connected with the left bent knife and the right bent knife.

As above, the pneumatic precision planter for the belt-shaped clean areas of the corn is characterized in that a plurality of rings of pressing parts are annularly arranged on each pressing roller, a set distance is reserved between every two adjacent rings of pressing parts, and each pressing part comprises a plurality of bosses which are spaced and welded on the pressing rollers.

A banding clean district pneumatic precision planter of maize, the seeder is the air suction seeder, and the air suction seeder sets up the fertilizer applicator, the discharging pipe of fertilizer applicator is connected to subsoiler, when loosening soil deeply, carry out the fertilization of soil.

According to the pneumatic precision seeder for the corn belt-shaped clean areas, the main beam is connected with the rack through the U-shaped bolts, and the end part of the main beam and the profiling mechanism are also provided with the U-shaped bolts.

When the pneumatic precision seeder for the corn belt-shaped clean areas works on the field operation machinery, the lowest part of the subsoiler is lower than the lowest part of the land wheel.

The cleaning of the straws and the stubbles in the belt is finished by adopting a compound operation technology of 'seedling belt finishing and deep scarification fertilization', so that the sowing in a belt-shaped clean area is realized; soil compaction after the seedling zone is cleared and ground straw covering outside the seedling zone are finished by adopting a mode of 'independent closed plowing bin + heavy roller pressing', so that water evaporation is prevented, and effective soil moisture conservation is realized while the seedbed is efficiently prepared.

Above-mentioned the utility model has the advantages as follows:

1) the utility model discloses a structure setting of equipping realizes the seeding of banded clean area gas-suction, realizes high-speed, high-quality seeding, and it is high to improve the operating efficiency, saves labour's cost, reduces fuel consumption, and equipment can realize the seeding of banded clean area of maize, is a mode of protective farming minimum tillage technique, is favorable to later stage crop like maize to grow, is favorable to protecting soil simultaneously, optimizes ecological environment.

2) The utility model discloses a still field machine sets up the compression roller, realizes the suppression before broadcasting, and the closely knit degree of multiplicable soil forms neat seedbed, is favorable to the seeding of follow-up maize, improves the seeding rate, and the setting of compression roller in the seeder realizes sowing back secondary suppression, and soil is compacted, and the soil moisture content is protected, does benefit to the normal growth of follow-up maize.

3) The utility model discloses a setting in storehouse is ploughed to a plurality of independent semi-sealings, the contact of multiplicable straw and curb plate and apron makes the straw in small, broken bits more easily, can smash still field processing with the straw of seeding seedling in-band, form the clean district of suitable seeding, do not disturb adjacent non-seeding regional straw again, the setting of cooperation compression roller, the soil compaction after accomplishing the seedling area clearance and the outside ground straw of seedling area cover, prevent the evaporation of water, when high-efficient preparation seedbed, realize effectively preserving soil moisture.

4) The utility model discloses a setting of 7 style of calligraphy blend knives, the stubble-cleaning sword of can being convenient for is cutting the processing along with the stubble-cleaning arbor rotates the in-process to the straw, and the straw is cut up more easily in the setting of the left blend knife that sets up in pairs and right blend knife, and area coverage is great, realizes the effect of ideal with less sword, guarantees the treatment effect of stubble-cleaning sword to the straw.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without unduly limiting the scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a pneumatic precision corn planter in a belt-like clean area according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic precision seeder returning machine for corn belt-shaped clean areas according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic precision seeder for corn belt-shaped clean areas according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a left curved knife of a pneumatic precision seeder for corn belt-shaped clean areas according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a right curved blade of a pneumatic precision seeder for corn belt-shaped clean areas according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic side transmission gear structure of a pneumatic precision seeder for corn belt-shaped clean areas according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

In the figure: the spacing or dimensions between each other are exaggerated to show the location of the various parts, and the schematic is shown only schematically.

Wherein: 1. the device comprises a field returning machine 101, a traction connection suspension frame 102, a frame 103, a ploughing bin 104, a side transmission box 105, a press roller 1051, a boss 106, a side plate 107, a stubble cleaning cutter shaft 108, a stubble cleaning cutter 1081, a left bent cutter 1082, a right bent cutter 109, a subsoiler 110, a cover plate 111, a gear I, a gear II, a gear III, a seeder 2, a fan 201, a profiling mechanism 202, a seed box 203, a seed metering device 204, a seed sowing device 205, a furrow opener 206, a press roller 207, a fertilizer box 208, a main beam 209, a land wheel 210, a hydraulic motor and a U-shaped bolt 3.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;

for convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the present application, if any, merely indicate correspondence with the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Just as the background art introduces, there is the problem that can't sow the banded clean district of maize through machinery among the prior art, in order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides a banded clean district pneumatic precision planter of maize.

The utility model discloses an among the typical embodiment, refer to fig. 1 and show, a clean district pneumatic precision planter of banded maize, including returning field machine and seeder, returning field machine and seeder are connected, set up around the two, accomplish the clearance of taking straw and stubble by returning field machine like this, carry out the seeding in the clean district of banded by the seeder, can carry out the seeding of maize, and a farming need not to plough the field many times, protects soil.

Referring to fig. 2, the field returning machine includes a traction connection suspension frame 101, a frame 102, a plowing bin 103, a side transmission case 104, a pressing roller 105, and the like, wherein side plates 106 are welded to both sides of the frame, a plurality of plowing bins 103 are uniformly distributed between the side plates 106, a horizontal stubble cleaning cutter shaft 107 penetrates through the plowing bins and is connected with the side plates on both sides of the frame, and a plurality of stubble cleaning cutters 108 are arranged at the overlapping portions of the stubble cleaning cutter shaft and the plowing bins, that is, the stubble cleaning cutters are arranged in the plowing bins and used for processing straws at the positions of the plowing bins.

Be equipped with the subsoiler 109 of installing in the frame in one side of stubble-cleaning arbor and be used for the subsoiling field, the top of subsoiler is located the rear side of stubble-cleaning arbor, the front side setting that the lower of subsoiler surpassed the stubble-cleaning arbor is crossed, side transmission case 104 is installed on curb plate 106, connect gearbox output shaft and stubble-cleaning arbor respectively, the compression roller is as still field tail portion, the compression roller central axis is less than stubble-cleaning arbor the central axis slightly and sets up, setting through the compression roller, realize sowing preceding compression, multiplicable soil compactness, form neat seedbed, realize effectively preserving soil moisture.

It is easy to understand that the towing attachment suspension 101 is used for connecting with a tractor, the towing attachment suspension 101 includes a gantry connected with a frame 102, the gantry is arranged above the frame, two lifting lugs are arranged on the top side of the gantry, and the two lifting lugs are connected with the tractor through bolts.

The plowing bin is a semi-closed cavity covered by a cover plate 110, the plowing bins are in contact with the ground to form a closed cavity when in work, each plowing bin is formed by plowing plates on two side faces, the cover plate 110 is arranged above the front side of each plowing plate, the straw can enter the field through the arrangement of the cover plate, the semi-closed cavity can increase the contact of the straw with the side plates and the cover plate, the straw is more easily crushed, in addition, the state of the straw between two adjacent plowing bins can be freely ensured between the two adjacent plowing bins, a free area is formed between the two adjacent plowing bins, and a stubble cleaning cutter shaft in the area is an optical axis.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the stubble ploughing knife is used for decomposing straws, the stubble ploughing knife comprises a 7-shaped left bent knife and a 7-shaped right bent knife, a plurality of groups of stubble ploughing knives are arranged in the ploughing bin along the circumferential direction of a stubble ploughing cutter shaft, the left bent knife 1081 and the right bent knife 1082 are symmetrically arranged in the same ploughing bin, the left bent knife and the right bent knife in each pair of stubble ploughing knives are oppositely arranged and spaced by a set distance, the stubble ploughing knives also rotate together with the rotation of the stubble ploughing cutter shaft, the longer sides of the left bent knife and the right bent knife are fixed with the stubble ploughing cutter shaft, the left bent knife and the right bent knife move from a high position to a low position to cut and decompose the straws in the rotary process of the stubble ploughing cutter shaft, and the decomposed straws are sent to the field with the deep loosening shovel.

The side transmission box 104 and the side plate 106 are hermetically installed, a space is formed between the side transmission box and the side plate, a group of transmission gears are arranged in the space, as shown in fig. 6, each transmission gear comprises a gear I111, a gear II 112 and a gear III 113, the rotation directions of the gear I and the gear II are opposite, the rotation directions of the gear I and the gear III are the same, the gear I is connected with an output shaft of a gearbox, the gearbox is connected with a motor or a hydraulic motor 210 or other power devices, and the gear III is fixed on the stubble-cleaning cutter shaft and drives the stubble-cleaning cutter shaft to rotate through the transmission gears.

Further, in the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, the compression roller width equals with still field machine width, the compression roller is cylindrical heavy type roller, the compression roller hoop is equipped with many rings of suppressing pieces, there is the distance of settlement between the adjacent two rings of suppressing pieces in the interval, each suppressing piece includes that a plurality of intervals are set for the distance and are welded in the boss of compression roller, the boss is the cockscomb structure, the soil compaction after clearing up the seedling zone has been guaranteed in the setting of compression roller, but the boss dislocation set of adjacent two rings of suppressing pieces, it floats in soil surface to have the part after the straw is smashed, increase the boss and impress the straw soil for the suppression, form clean and tidy seedbed, the surfacing, realize preserving soil moisture.

Referring to fig. 3, the seeder 2 includes girder 208, fan 201, profiling mechanism 202, seed case 203, seed metering device 204, furrow opener 205 and press wheel 206, the fan is installed on seeder girder front end, fertile case 207 is installed to the fan both sides, profiling mechanism fixes on the girder, profiling mechanism upper portion is equipped with seed case, seed case sub-unit connection seed metering device, the profiling mechanism afterbody is equipped with V type press wheel, land wheel 209 distributes in the girder 208 left and right sides, fertilizer discharging device and seed metering device are connected respectively to the land wheel of both sides, the setting of press wheel, realize sowing back secondary suppression, soil is compacted, the soil moisture content is protected, do benefit to the normal growth of follow-up maize.

Moreover, in order to guarantee the work of seeder, at the during operation, the lowest of subsoiler is less than the lowest setting of land wheel (the sketch map when still field machine is not connected with the tractor is shown in fig. 1), and the press wheel central axis is less than the central axis setting of land wheel, and the central axis of land wheel is less than the central axis setting of press roller.

The profiling mechanism is of a parallelogram structure, the principle of the profiling mechanism is that under the condition of walking and bumping in the field, the seeding single bodies can be guaranteed to vertically float along the ground, so that the seeding depth can be guaranteed to be consistent after seeds enter the soil, and the profiling mechanism is in the prior art and is not repeated.

It should be noted that one end of the main beam is clamped into the end of the profiling mechanism, and the end of the profiling mechanism is provided with a clamping groove, so that the end of the main beam is clamped into the clamping groove of the profiling mechanism; the other end of girder and the frame of still field machine are connected, specifically through U type bolted connection, and in addition, the tip of girder sets up U type bolt 3 with the profiling mechanism equally, and U type bolt here can set up a plurality ofly from top to bottom, and U type bolt passes profiling mechanism and fixes, and the tip of girder sets up the end plate, and the end plate laminates with the frame to carry out fixed connection through U type bolt.

Further, the fan is used for realizing the seeding, and the fan is connected with the seed metering ware, and the fan sets up hydraulic drive spare, and this hydraulic drive spare provides power by tractor hydraulic output. The fan is rotated to generate negative pressure, the negative pressure is generated, the seeding device is connected with the seed sowing device through the hose, the seed sowing device is provided with a molded hole, under the action of the negative pressure, seeds are adsorbed on the molded hole, and the seeds fall and are sown along with the rotation to a non-pressure area. Seed metering and fertilizer discharging all need the axle to drive the fertilizer wheel and the seed metering dish rotates, and this power comes from the land wheel, through calculating drive ratio, realizes that seeding volume and fertilizer discharging volume discharge as required, and the fertilizer pipe connection of fertilizer discharging ware is to subsoiler department, when the soil that loosens deeply, fertilizies.

In order to cooperate the action of returning the field machine, the profiling mechanism of seeder aligns with each front and back of ploughing the storehouse, and quantity is unanimous, all sets up one set of seeding mechanism in the rear of each storehouse promptly, realizes returning the field machine like this and returning the straw still field in the front side, is sowed and is fertilized by the seeder in the rear side.

In addition, it should be noted that the subsoiler, the seed sowing device and the fertilizing box mentioned in the present embodiment are all existing structural members, and are not described in detail.

A pneumatic precision seeder for corn belt-shaped clean areas adopts a double operation technology of seedling belt finishing and deep scarification fertilization to finish the cleaning of the belt straws and stubble and realize belt-shaped clean area seeding; soil compaction after cleaning of the seedling zone and ground straw coverage outside the seedling zone are finished in a mode of independent semi-closed plowing bin and heavy roller pressing, so that water evaporation is prevented, and effective soil moisture conservation is realized while the seedbed is prepared efficiently; the technology of 'orthotopic profiling and air suction precision seeding' is adopted to finish the precise regulation and control of the seeding depth and the precise seeding of single seeds, and the consistency of the plant spacing and the seeding depth, the uniform and strong seedlings are realized.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a clean district pneumatic precision planter of banded maize, its characterized in that, includes still field machine and seeder, still field machine and seeder are connected, and the rear side of still field machine is located to the seeder, and still field machine can be connected with the walking equipment, seeder including be used for with the girder that still field machine is connected, girder one end card is gone into seeder copy mechanism's tip, and the other end is connected with the frame of still field machine.

2. The pneumatic precision seeder of claim 1, wherein the seeder comprises a plurality of seeders, adjacent seeders are spaced apart by a predetermined distance, and the returning machine comprises a plurality of plowing chambers for processing the straws in the seeding rows, each plowing chamber corresponding to each of the seeders.

3. The pneumatic precision seeder of claim 1, wherein the profiling mechanism has a slot at its end, the slot comprising a first slot and a second slot, the first slot and the second slot being opposite.

4. The pneumatic precision seeder of claim 1, wherein the field returning machine is a deep scarification seedling belt field returning machine, the deep scarification seedling belt field returning machine comprises a plurality of ploughing bins arranged through the frame, transverse stubble cleaning cutter shafts penetrate through the ploughing bins and are connected with side plates on two sides of the frame, a plurality of stubble cleaning cutters are arranged on the parts where the stubble cleaning cutter shafts coincide with the ploughing bins, a deep scarification shovel arranged on the frame is arranged behind the stubble cleaning cutter shafts, and a press roller is arranged behind the deep scarification shovel through the frame.

5. The pneumatic precision seeder of claim 4, wherein the cultivation bins are semi-closed chambers covered by a cover plate, each cultivation bin is formed by cultivation plates on both sides, and the cover plate is provided above the front side of the cultivation plate.

6. The pneumatic precision seeder with corn belt-shaped clean area as claimed in claim 4, wherein a plurality of groups of stubble-cleaning knives are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stubble-cleaning knife shaft in the tilling bin;

7. The pneumatic precision seeder for corn belt-shaped clean areas as claimed in claim 4, wherein the press roller is circumferentially provided with a plurality of rings of press members, the adjacent rings of press members are spaced at a set distance, each press member comprises a plurality of bosses welded to the press roller at a set distance.

8. The pneumatic precision seeder of claim 4, wherein the seeder is a pneumatic seeder provided with a fertilizer applicator, and a discharge pipe of the fertilizer applicator is connected to the subsoiler.

9. The pneumatic precision seeder of claim 8, wherein the main beam is connected to the frame by a U-bolt, and the end of the main beam is provided with a U-bolt in the same way as the profiling mechanism.

10. The pneumatic precision seeder of claim 8, wherein the subsoiler is positioned lower than the ground wheel at its lowest point during the operation of the field work machine; the land wheels are distributed on the left side and the right side of the main beam.