CN112442559A - 一种高效皮革脱脂剂 - Google Patents

一种高效皮革脱脂剂 Download PDF

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CN112442559A
CN112442559A CN201910835441.6A CN201910835441A CN112442559A CN 112442559 A CN112442559 A CN 112442559A CN 201910835441 A CN201910835441 A CN 201910835441A CN 112442559 A CN112442559 A CN 112442559A
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degreasing agent
percent
sorbitan monooleate
leather
degreasing
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武文洁
李雅林
刘雪梅
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Tianjin University of Science and Technology
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Tianjin University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C5/00—Degreasing leather
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/046—Salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C11D3/33—Amino carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/008—Polymeric surface-active agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种高效皮革脱脂剂，该皮革脱脂剂主要有：失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、失水山梨醇单油酸酯、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、油酸钠、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、氯化钠、去离子水。该脱脂剂呈无色透明液体，稳定性好，乳化力强，可以用于牛皮、猪皮、绵羊皮等皮革生产加工过程中，是一种清洁高效，使用方便，成本低廉的脱脂剂，具有很大的经济效益和环境效益。

Description

一种高效皮革脱脂剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高效皮革脱脂剂，属皮革制造加工领域。
背景技术
在制革或毛皮制造过程中，脱脂是一道极为关键和重要的工序。在制革过程中，由于在皮纤维周围存在的脂肪，妨碍了碱液透入皮纤维内部使生皮在浸碱时，膨胀和分离得不好，影响了鞣制。油脂与鞣液反应生成铬皂，使蓝皮颜色不均匀，更会引染色不均。因此在皮革湿加工中，如果不能很好地除去这些脂肪，将对成革的丰满性、弹性、染色均匀度、鲜艳度以及涂层的坚牢度都有很大的影响。
脱脂的目的有三：除去皮内外的脂肪，以保证前处理各工序化工材料对皮的作用以及成品革的品质；脱脂的同时可除去部分纤维间质，适当的分散胶原纤维，为后序化工材料的渗透和作用打好基础，并有一定的补充浸水和清洁皮张的作用；由于制革的脱脂常常使用碱性物质，因此脱脂可以削弱表皮、毛囊等皮组织与皮的联系，为拔毛和脱毛等最终除去这些与制革无关的无用物做好准备。
脱脂分为机械去脂和化学脱脂，对含脂量高的皮张既采取机械去脂，又采取化学脱脂才有可能将皮上的脂肪去除干净。机械脱脂是指生皮通过去肉等机械操作，除去皮下组织的脂肪并使皮内脂肪腺体和脂肪细胞受机械挤压作用被破坏，使油脂分子更容易被脱脂材料作用而去除；化学脱脂主要除去皮内脂肪，如脂肪锥脂肪、脂肪细胞的脂肪、以及脂腺内的脂类物质，化学脱脂有乳化法、水解法、乳化-皂化法以及溶剂法四种主要的脱脂方法。
国内脱脂产品良莠不齐，在质量、性能、价钱等方面存在较大差异。本发明提供了一种高效皮革脱脂剂，该脱脂剂具有稳定性良好，脱脂力强，清洁高效，容易保存，使用方便等优良特点。
发明内容
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的，其特征在于该皮革脱脂剂主要由失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、失水山梨醇单油酸酯、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、油酸钠、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、氯化钠、去离子水组成。
按其重量份数配比为：失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚0％～20％；失水山梨醇单油酸酯0％～20％；乙二胺四乙酸二钠0％～20％；油酸钠0％～20％；十六烷基三甲基氯化铵0％～20％；氯化钠0％～20％；去离子水30％～95％。
具体实施方式
取失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚1％、失水山梨醇单油酸酯2％、乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.5％、油酸钠0.5％、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵1％、氯化钠4％倒入91％的去离子水中搅拌均匀，放入容器中保存。
脱脂前先用水对浸水后的皮进行预洗，然后按照皮重的0.5％左右加入脱脂剂，液比1.5～3为宜，用SHA-82A型数显水浴恒温振荡器进行恒温振荡，温度40℃，90分钟后取出，清水冲洗。

Claims (2)

1.一种高效皮革脱脂剂，其特征在于：该皮革脱脂剂主要由失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、失水山梨醇单油酸酯、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、油酸钠、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、氯化钠、去离子水组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效皮革脱脂剂，按其重量份数配比为：失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚0％～20％；失水山梨醇单油酸酯0％～20％；乙二胺四乙酸二钠0％～20％；油酸钠0％～20％；十六烷基三甲基氯化铵0％～20％；氯化钠0％～20％；去离子水30％～95％。
CN201910835441.6A 2019-09-05 2019-09-05 一种高效皮革脱脂剂 Pending CN112442559A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20210305