CN112335450A - Method for repairing trunk of big tree - Google Patents
Method for repairing trunk of big tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN112335450A CN112335450A CN202011218805.5A CN202011218805A CN112335450A CN 112335450 A CN112335450 A CN 112335450A CN 202011218805 A CN202011218805 A CN 202011218805A CN 112335450 A CN112335450 A CN 112335450A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a trunk repairing method for a big tree, which comprises the following steps: rejuvenating big trees, cleaning damaged parts of trunks, killing insects and sterilizing, constructing internal support structures of the trunks, filling the trunks, sealing holes, beautifying barks, and maintaining and managing. The invention has the advantages of stopping damage in time and obviously enhancing the growth potential of the big tree; the cost is saved, and valuable ancient trees and big trees are protected; a supporting structure is added, so that potential safety hazards are eliminated; convenient operation, wide application range and no limitation of tree species.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landscaping, in particular to a trunk repairing method for a big tree.
Background
In garden green land, there are many adult big trees and ancient trees, and these big trees are the main force army that improves city ecological environment, and the dust absorption is fallen the noise and is fallen, and fresh air provides the outdoor enjoyment of resing for city resident. However, in urban living environments, some big trees and ancient trees are damaged locally on trunks of the big trees due to diseases, insect pests, mechanical damage and the like, wounds are not healed for a long time, xylem exposed for a long time is damaged by rain wash, germ infection, pests gnaw and the like, some trunks are hollow, outer barks are broken, and if abnormal weather occurs, the big trees shake and fall down, and even the lives or property safety of residents can be threatened. Some precious trees grow for decades or even hundreds of years and are precious heritages of symbols and historical culture of a city, and damage of the trees needs to be repaired as soon as possible to prevent the damage in the bud.
Chinese patent application CN108738829A discloses a method for repairing ancient tree damaged by disease and injury, which comprises thoroughly scraping the rotten tree hole caused by rain water, brushing the rotten wood chips with iron until the isolation layer of rotten and healthy parts is exposed, thoroughly cleaning the rotten part with pretreatment liquid, sterilizing the tree body, especially the part with scraped dead tissue, with chlorothalonil wettable 800-, and the tree structure is maintained to the maximum extent by fixing the tree structure back to the original position again. However, the filler wood flour in the method is soft in structure, and cannot provide firm supporting effect for the conditions of serious decay and large tree holes, so that the potential safety hazard that the big trees are likely to topple over is not solved actually.
Chinese patent application CN107509598B discloses a method for repairing tree decay holes, which comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning rotten wood and foreign matters in the tree rotting hole, disinfecting the hole by using a bactericide, scratching the skin part at the edge of the hole, spraying Jiuyan 0 or rooting powder into the wound and the hole, and mixing the materials in a weight ratio of (15-20): 100-120 perlite, cement and a proper amount of water are stirred to prepare a filling material, the filling material is filled in a tree hole, the filling material in the tree hole is bundled by a plastic film, after solidification, the plastic film and the bundling material are removed, the surface of the filling material is cut into a trunk shape by a knife, cement and Chinese ink or green pigment are stirred to prepare slurry, the slurry is smeared on the surface of the filling material to form simulated barks and is fixed on the surface of the filling material, and then small holes are punched on the surface of the simulated barks at intervals by iron nails. However, when the mixed slurry of perlite, cement and water as the filler in the method is used for treating the tree hole, cracks are easy to occur, and then the cement falls off, so that the speed of saprophytic bacteria for corroding the tree in the tree hole is increased; and the cement is difficult to combine with living cells of surrounding trees, which has the function of hindering the self-repair and healing of the trees and influences the growth and development of the trees.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in the traditional tree repairing method, part of methods do not have the process of directly supporting the tree hole, so that the large crown can not be stably supported when the tree hole is large, and the tree is easy to topple and break; the filling materials used in part of the methods are soil, bricks and tiles and the like, but the expansion and contraction of the filling materials are small after the filling materials are fixed by cement and mortar, so that the tree body still grows, the tree body and the filling materials are difficult to combine together, the effect of effective repair cannot be achieved, and even the normal growth and development of the tree are hindered.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for repairing a trunk of a big tree, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out big tree rejuvenation: loosening root soil within the range of 2-5m of the peripheral radius of the damaged big tree, removing stones, garbage and other substances which are not beneficial to the growth of the big tree, digging a groove with the width of 30-50cm and the depth of 20-35cm at the periphery of the root crown of the big tree, adding a root-promoting mixed fertilizer into the groove, backfilling permeable and breathable soil after fertilizing, and irrigating once every 3 days to ensure that the root-promoting mixed fertilizer is fully absorbed and help the damaged big tree to recover the growth vigor.
(2) Clearing the damaged part of the trunk: after 7-15 days of big tree rejuvenation, cleaning rotten and wormy xylem at the damaged part of the trunk, carefully cleaning with a cleaning tool from outside to inside, coating with a callus coating agent to protect the cambium in time when the cutting shaped cortex tender tissue is around the wound in the cleaning process, wherein the coating amount is 0.02-0.1g/cm2The thickness of the coating should not be too thick.
(3) Disinsection and disinfection: after the damaged part of the trunk is cleaned, spraying systemic insecticide with a proper proportion for 3-5 times; spraying sterilizing liquid after the pesticide is dried, and repeating the steps for 3-5 times; applying callus coating agent after 1 day to promote regeneration of callus; the film coating agent is dried and then sprayed with a layer of varnish, and the spraying amount is 2-5g/cm2And the trunk is prevented from being damaged by diseases and insect pests.
(4) Constructing a trunk internal support: the trunk with the larger damaged hole needs to take a supporting measure, the upper, middle and lower diameters of the trunk at the damaged part, the vertical height and the horizontal width of the hole are measured before supporting, and the hole outline is drawn; after the varnish and the callus coating agent in the hole are air-dried, the hole is vertically supported by a steel pipe, the upper end and the lower end of the steel pipe are wound by tree wrapping cloth, then a steel pipe support frame shaped like a Chinese character 'jing' is made according to the measured size of the hole, then a net structure which can be attached to the inner wall of the hole of the trunk is made by iron wires according to the shape and the thickness of the trunk, and the iron wire net is fixed on the inner wall of the trunk by appropriate materials such as iron nails and screws. No support measures are needed for the trunks with smaller damaged holes.
(5) Filling the trunk: after the trunk holes are supported and fixed, the holes are filled with charcoal, the charcoal is cut according to the size and the shape of the holes, the particle size of the charcoal is 2-5cm, the charcoal is irregular and not too large, gaps between the charcoal and the charcoal are reduced, and then the gaps are filled with wood chips which are boiled and air-dried.
(6) Hole sealing: after the holes are filled, selecting a big tree with similar age and thickness, manufacturing a soft film at the position similar to the damaged big tree, manufacturing a wire netting with the same shape and arc shape according to the shape of the soft film, covering the wire netting outside the charcoal filler, connecting the wire netting with the wire netting inside the bark, and sealing the wire netting at the position 1-3cm away from the outer bark of the tree; filling small gaps with wood chips again; then a layer of non-woven fabric is covered on the wire netting, and the non-woven fabric is tightened and fixed by a small iron nail.
(7) Bark beautification treatment: after the holes are sealed, making imitation barks according to the shape and radian of the previously made soft film, paying attention to repair the bark lines of the big tree, making the imitation barks into small blocks according to the size of the damaged area, then splicing the small blocks onto the trunk, and fixing the connecting parts by adhesives such as phenolic resin and the like; after the fixation is stable, blending pigment according to the color of healthy bark, then manually coloring, after the pigment is air-dried, grinding according to the texture of the whole tree, making the pigment be close to real bark in appearance, then spraying uvioresistant varnish, and coating the uvioresistant varnish with the coating amount of 0.05-1g/cm2And finishing the beautifying treatment of the bark of the big tree.
(8) Maintenance management: and performing daily maintenance management on the big tree, and adjusting a maintenance plan suitable for the tree species according to the environment of the big tree.
Preferably, the preparation method of the root-promoting mixed fertilizer in the step (1) is as follows: is prepared by mixing plant ash and calcium superphosphate according to the mass ratio of 3: 1.
Preferably, the method for preparing the water-permeable and air-permeable soil in the step (1) is as follows: the loess and the fine sand are mixed according to the volume ratio of 4: 1.
Preferably, the cleaning tools in the step (2) are chisels, electric chisels and cutters with different specifications.
Preferably, the callus coating agent in the step (2) is one of a big tree wound coating agent, a big tree wound healing paste and a big tree callus coating agent, and the main component of the callus coating agent is composed of cytokinin, a high-activity bactericide, a water-retaining agent, a plurality of trace elements chelated by amino acid and the like.
Preferably, the systemic insecticide in the step (3) is one or a mixture of two insecticides of amitraz, imidacloprid, flufenoxuron, nitenpyram and thiacloprid; the sterilizing disinfectant is chlorothalonil, carbendazim or Bordeaux mixture.
Preferably, in the step (4), the trunk with the larger hole is that the transverse maximum width of the hole exceeds more than one third of the diameter of the damaged trunk part, i.e. an internal support structure is required.
Preferably, the filler charcoal in the step (5) has a neutral pH and has a shrinkage property approximately the same as that of wood.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method not only avoids the death and the economic loss of big trees and ancient trees caused by hollow re-corrosion of the trunk, but also secondarily reinforces the hollow structure through the supporting structure, thereby eliminating the potential safety hazard; the method restores the tree holes of the big trees, simultaneously restores the growth vigor of the big trees, optimizes the landscape effect of urban green lands, saves the cost compared with transplanting and transplanting new big trees with full canopy, reserves the valuable big trees and has more inheritance significance; the repair materials adopted in the method are all maintenance materials and finished products commonly used in gardens, and the method is reasonable, convenient to operate and good in repair effect; the method is suitable for most big trees and ancient trees, is not limited by plant varieties, and has wide application range.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific examples in order to make the technical means, the technical features, the technical objectives and the effects of the present invention easier to understand, but the following examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A trunk repairing method for a big tree comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out big tree rejuvenation: loosening root soil within 3m of the peripheral radius of the damaged big tree according to field conditions, removing stones, garbage and other substances which are not beneficial to the growth of the big tree, digging a groove with the width of 40cm and the depth of 30cm at the periphery of the root crown of the big tree, adding 10kg of mixed fertilizer for promoting root into the groove, backfilling soil with good water permeability and air permeability after fertilizing, watering, and irrigating once every 3 days.
The root promoting mixed fertilizer is formed by mixing plant ash and calcium superphosphate according to the mass ratio of 3: 1; the soil with good water and air permeability is formed by mixing loess and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 4: 1.
(2) Clearing the damaged part of the trunk: cleaning rotten and wormy xylem at the damaged part of the trunk after 7 days of big tree rejuvenation, cleaning most rotten garbage by using a pneumatic chisel from outside to inside, leaving 2cm rotten garbage close to the healthy xylem, carefully cleaning the rotten garbage to the surface of the healthy xylem by using a large-size chisel, then cleaning places which cannot be cleaned by using a small-size chisel, such as gaps, small holes and the like, and coating the young and tender cortex tissues cut and shaped around the wound in the cleaning process by using a callus coating agent to protect the cambium in time, wherein the coating amount of the callus coating agent is 0.05g/cm2。
The callus coating agent is a paste coating callus coating agent produced by Guguang, and the main components of the callus coating agent comprise cytokinin, high-activity bactericide, water-retaining agent, amino acid chelated multiple trace elements and the like.
(3) Disinsection and disinfection: after the damaged part of the trunk is cleaned, spraying 2000 times of systemic insecticide thiacloprid solution for 3 times; spraying carbendazim bactericide in 1500 times amount after the pesticide is dried, repeating the same for 3 times, coating callus film-coating agent after 1 day to promote regeneration of callus, and spraying a layer of varnish after the film-coating agent is dried, wherein the spraying amount is 4g/cm2And the trunk is prevented from being damaged by diseases and insect pests.
The used pesticide thiacloprid is a systemic pesticide, is effective on stem borers and has the functions of killing insects and preventing insects; the bactericide carbendazim is a systemic bactericide with high efficiency and low toxicity, has systemic treatment and protection effects, and can effectively prevent and treat various diseases caused by fungi.
(4) Constructing an internal support structure of the trunk: measuring the damaged part of the trunk to be repaired between 150 and 200cm away from the ground, measuring the transverse maximum width of a hole to be 26cm, the height of the hole to be 50cm and the diameter of the trunk to be 62cm, drawing the approximate outline of the hole according to the on-site measurement size, firstly supporting two steel pipes with the diameter of 5cm and the thickness of 4mm in the hole, wrapping the upper end and the lower end of each steel pipe by tree wrapping cloth, then fixing a transverse steel pipe support, fixing a connecting cross part by using 12# iron wires to form a # -shaped support main structure, then using 12# iron wires to form a net-shaped structure which can be attached to the inner wall of the hole of the trunk according to the shape of the hole, fixing an iron wire net on the inner wall of the trunk by using iron nails, wherein the length of.
(5) Filling the trunk: after the trunk holes are supported and fixed, filling the holes with charcoal, cutting the charcoal according to the size and shape of the holes, wherein the average particle size of the charcoal is 2-5cm, the charcoal is irregular and not too large, so that gaps between the charcoal and the charcoal are reduced, and then filling the gaps with wood chips which are boiled and air-dried.
The filler used, charcoal, has a neutral pH and a shrinkage of about the same as wood.
(6) Hole sealing: after the holes are filled, a big tree with the diameter at breast height of about 62cm is selected, a soft film is manufactured between the distance from the ground to 150 and 200cm, then a wire mesh with the same shape and radian is manufactured by using a 12# wire according to the shape of the soft film, the wire mesh is covered outside a charcoal filler of the tree to be repaired and is connected with a wire mesh on the inner side of a bark, the wire mesh is sealed at a position 2cm away from the outer bark of the tree, small gaps are sealed by using wood chips again, then a layer of non-woven fabric is covered on the wire mesh, and the non-woven fabric is tightened and fixed by using small iron nails.
(7) Bark beautification treatment: after the holes are sealed, making imitation barks according to the shape and radian of the previously made soft film, paying attention to repair the bark lines of the big tree, making the imitation barks into small blocks of 10 multiplied by 10cm according to the size of the damaged area, then splicing the small blocks onto the trunk, and fixing the connecting parts by using a phenolic resin adhesive; after the fixation is stable, blending pigment according to the color of healthy bark, then manually coloring, after the pigment is air-dried, grinding according to the texture of the whole tree to be close to the real bark in appearance, and then spraying ultraviolet-resistant varnish with the coating amount of 0.08g/cm2And finishing the beautifying treatment of the bark of the big tree.
(8) Maintenance management: and performing daily maintenance management on the big trees, watering once every 7 days, applying nitrogen fertilizer every three months or so, continuously rejuvenating and keeping a healthy state.
Example 2
A trunk repairing method for a big tree comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out big tree rejuvenation: loosening root soil within 4m of the peripheral radius of the damaged big tree according to field conditions, removing soil which is not beneficial to the growth of the big tree, such as stones, garbage and the like, digging a groove with the width of 45cm and the depth of 25cm at the periphery of the root crown of the big tree, adding 8kg of mixed fertilizer for promoting root into the groove, backfilling soil with good water permeability and air permeability after fertilizing, watering, and irrigating once every 3 days.
The root promoting mixed fertilizer is formed by mixing plant ash and calcium superphosphate according to the mass ratio of 3: 1; the soil with good water and air permeability is formed by mixing loess and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 4: 1.
(2) Clearing the damaged part of the trunk: cleaning rotten and wormy xylem at the damaged part of the trunk after the big tree is rejuvenated for 12 days, cleaning most rotten garbage by using a pneumatic chisel from outside to inside, leaving 2cm rotten garbage close to the healthy xylem, carefully cleaning the rotten garbage to the surface of the healthy xylem by using a large-specification chisel, then cleaning places which cannot be cleaned by using a small-specification chisel, such as gaps, small holes and the like, and cleaning the places which are not cleaned by using a large-specification chisel, wherein the skin layer tender tissue cut and shaped is arranged around the wound in the cleaning process, coating a callus film coating agent produced by using Chinese light to protect a cambium in time, wherein the coating amount of the callus film coating agent is 0.04g/cm2。
The callus coating agent is a paste coating callus coating agent produced by Guguang, and the main components of the callus coating agent comprise cytokinin, high-activity bactericide, water-retaining agent, amino acid chelated multiple trace elements and the like.
(3) Disinsection and disinfection: after the damaged part of the trunk is cleaned, spraying 2000 times of systemic insecticide imidacloprid solution for 3 times; spraying 1500 times of chlorothalonil bactericide after the pesticide is dried in the air, repeating the same for 3 times, coating callus film-coating agent after 1 day to promote the regeneration of callus, and spraying a layer of varnish after the film-coating agent is dried in the air, wherein the coating amount is 4g/cm2And the trunk is prevented from being damaged by diseases and insect pests.
The used insecticide imidacloprid is a systemic insecticide and has the advantages of high efficiency and low toxicity; the chlorothalonil bactericide is a systemic bactericide with high efficiency and low toxicity, and has the advantages of good adhesion and long pesticide effect period.
(4) Constructing an internal support structure of the trunk: measuring the damaged part of the trunk to be repaired between 150-200cm away from the ground, measuring the transverse maximum width of a hole to be 26cm, the height of the hole to be 50cm and the diameter of the trunk to be 57cm, drawing the approximate outline of the hole according to the on-site measurement size, firstly supporting two steel pipes with the diameter of 5cm and the thickness of 4mm in the hole, wrapping the upper end and the lower end of each steel pipe by tree wrapping cloth, fixing a transverse steel pipe support, fixing a connecting cross part by using 12# iron wires to form a # -shaped supporting main structure, then using 12# iron wires to form a net-shaped structure which can be attached to the inner wall of the hole of the trunk according to the shape of the hole, fixing an iron wire net on the inner wall of the trunk by using iron nails, and measuring the.
(5) Filling the trunk: after the trunk holes are supported and fixed, filling the holes with charcoal, cutting the charcoal according to the size and shape of the holes, wherein the average particle size of the charcoal is 2-5cm, the charcoal is irregular and not too large, so that gaps between the charcoal and the charcoal are reduced, and then filling the gaps with wood chips which are boiled and air-dried.
The filler used, charcoal, has a neutral pH and a shrinkage of about the same as wood.
(6) Hole sealing: after the holes are filled, selecting a big tree with the age close to that of the big tree to be repaired and the thickness close to that of the big tree to be repaired, namely the big tree with the diameter at breast height of about 57cm, manufacturing a soft film between the big tree and the ground by 150 cm, manufacturing a wire netting with the same shape and radian according to the shape of the soft film by using a No. 12 wire, covering the wire netting outside a charcoal filler of the tree to be repaired, connecting the wire netting with a wire netting on the inner side of a bark, sealing the wire netting at a position 2cm away from the outer surface of the tree, sealing small gaps by using wood chips again, covering a layer of non-woven fabric on the wire netting, and tightening and fixing the non-woven fabric by using small iron.
(7) Bark beautification treatment: after the holes are sealed, making imitation barks according to the shape and radian of the previously made soft film, paying attention to repair the bark lines of the big tree, making the imitation barks into small blocks of 10 multiplied by 10cm according to the size of the damaged area, then splicing the small blocks onto the trunk, and fixing the connecting parts by using a phenolic resin adhesive; fixingAfter the tree bark is stabilized, blending pigment according to the color of healthy bark, then manually coloring, after the pigment is air-dried, grinding according to the texture of the whole tree, making the pigment be close to the real bark in appearance, then spraying anti-ultraviolet varnish, and coating the anti-ultraviolet varnish with the coating amount of 0.07g/cm2And finishing the beautifying treatment of the bark of the big tree.
(8) Maintenance management: and performing daily maintenance management on the big trees, watering once every 7 days, applying nitrogen fertilizer every three months or so, continuously rejuvenating and keeping a healthy state.
Example 3
A trunk repairing method for a big tree comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out big tree rejuvenation: loosening root soil within 3m of the peripheral radius of the damaged big tree according to field conditions, removing stones, garbage and other substances which are not beneficial to the growth of the big tree, digging a groove with the width of 30cm and the depth of 25cm at the periphery of the root crown of the big tree, adding 5kg of mixed fertilizer for promoting root into the groove, backfilling soil with good water permeability and air permeability after fertilizing, watering, and irrigating once every 3 days.
The root promoting mixed fertilizer is formed by mixing plant ash and calcium superphosphate according to the mass ratio of 3: 1; the soil with good water and air permeability is formed by mixing loess and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 4: 1.
(2) Clearing the damaged part of the trunk: cleaning rotten and wormy xylem at the damaged part of the trunk after 7 days of big tree rejuvenation, cleaning most rotten garbage by using a pneumatic chisel from outside to inside, leaving 2cm rotten garbage close to the healthy xylem, carefully cleaning the rotten garbage to the surface of the healthy xylem by using a large-size chisel, then cleaning places which cannot be cleaned by using a small-size chisel, such as gaps, small holes and the like, and coating the young and tender cortex tissues cut and shaped around the wound in the cleaning process by using a callus coating agent to protect the cambium in time, wherein the coating amount of the callus coating agent is 0.05g/cm2。
The callus coating agent is a paste coating callus coating agent produced by Guguang, and the main components of the callus coating agent comprise cytokinin, high-activity bactericide, water-retaining agent, amino acid chelated multiple trace elements and the like.
(3) Disinsection and disinfection: after the damaged part of the trunk is cleaned, the internal suction type is firstly usedSpraying 2000 times of thiacloprid pesticide solution for 3 times; spraying carbendazim bactericide in 1500 times amount after the pesticide is dried, repeating the same for 3 times, coating callus film-coating agent after 1 day to promote regeneration of callus, and spraying a layer of varnish after the film-coating agent is dried, wherein the spraying amount is 4g/cm2And the trunk is prevented from being damaged by diseases and insect pests.
The used pesticide thiacloprid is a systemic pesticide, is effective on stem borers and has the functions of killing insects and preventing insects; the bactericide carbendazim is a systemic bactericide with high efficiency and low toxicity, has systemic treatment and protection effects, and can effectively prevent and treat various diseases caused by fungi.
(4) Filling the trunk: filling holes with charcoal, cutting charcoal according to the size and shape of the holes, wherein the average particle diameter of the charcoal is 2-5cm, the charcoal is irregular and not too large, so that gaps between the charcoal and the charcoal are reduced, and filling the gaps with wood chips after boiling and air drying.
The filler used, charcoal, has a neutral pH and a shrinkage of about the same as wood.
(5) Hole sealing: after the holes are filled, selecting a big tree with the age close to that of the big tree to be repaired and the thickness close to that of the big tree to be repaired, manufacturing a soft film at the similar part of the big tree, then manufacturing a wire gauze with the same shape and radian according to the shape of the soft film by using a No. 12 wire, covering the wire gauze outside a charcoal filler of the tree to be repaired, and sealing the wire gauze at a position 2cm away from the outer surface of the tree; and the small gaps are sealed and supplemented by the wood chips again, then a layer of non-woven fabric is covered on the wire netting, and the non-woven fabric is tightened and fixed by small iron nails.
(6) Bark beautification treatment: after the holes are sealed, making imitation barks according to the shape and radian of the previously made soft film, paying attention to repair the bark lines of the big tree, making the imitation barks into small blocks of 5 multiplied by 5cm according to the size of the damaged area, then splicing the small blocks onto the trunk, and fixing the connecting parts by using a phenolic resin adhesive; after the fixation is stable, blending pigment according to the color of healthy bark, then manually coloring, after the pigment is air-dried, grinding according to the texture of the whole tree to be close to the real bark in appearance, and then spraying ultraviolet-resistant varnish with the coating amount of 0.08g/cm2To finishAnd (5) beautifying the bark of the big tree.
(7) Maintenance management: and performing daily maintenance management on the big trees, watering once every 10 days, applying nitrogen fertilizer every three months or so, continuously rejuvenating and keeping a healthy state.
Comparative example 1
A trunk repairing method of a big tree is based on the embodiment 1 and lacks the step (1).
Comparative example 2
A method for repairing a trunk of a big tree is based on the embodiment 1 and lacks the step (4).
Comparative example 3
A trunk repairing method of a big tree is based on the embodiment 3 and lacks the step (1).
Test example
In 2019, Australia flame wood is invaded by a trunk pest anoplophora chinensis, a large number of trunks are gnawed, and the tree vigor is weakened.
1. In the same time, 70 damaged holes exceeding one third of the trunk of the Australian flame wood with equivalent damage degree are searched in a nursery garden, the tree age of the Australian flame wood is tested to be 8 years, the chest diameter is 12-15cm, the 70 trees in the test are watered with 50 times of 22% of winged insect and high chlorine and are subjected to insect killing, then 10 of the trees are randomly selected and repaired by the method of example 1, 10 of the trees are repaired by the method of example 2, 10 of the trees are repaired by the method of comparative example 1, 10 of the trees are repaired by the method of CN108738829A in example 1, 10 of the trees are repaired by the method of CN107509598B in example 1, 10 of the trees are not repaired as a control, the test results are observed in 2020 and 8 months, and the results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Through test comparison, 20 Australia flame trees using the method disclosed by the invention are luxuriant in tree vigor after one year, all the flame trees survive, and the survival rate of the trees is 100%; on the basis of the method, when important steps of rejuvenation or a support structure are lacked, the effect of the method is greatly reduced, and the survival rate of trees is only 80% and 70% respectively corresponding to comparative examples 1 and 2; the survival rate of big trees in the CN108738829A group is only 60 percent, mainly because of no support, 3 dead trees are poured; the filling materials in the CN107509598B group have cement components and have a reinforcing and supporting effect, compared with the CN108738829A group, the number of trees which die after being poured is relatively less, but the filling materials have an influence on the growth and development of big trees, so that more big trees which die due to the weak tree vigor exist, and the survival rate is only 60%; and only the control group which kills the insects and does not repair the trunk is adopted, 8 trees die completely after one year, 2 trees survive, the tree vigor is weak, the wound holes of protozoa are corroded and increased, and if the trunk repair is not carried out, the trees can be converted into death.
2. In the same time, 30 damaged holes of Australian flame trees with the damage degree not more than one third of the trunk of the Australian flame trees are searched in a nursery garden, the damage degree is equivalent, the tree age of the Australian flame trees is 8 years, the chest diameter is 12-15cm, 30 trees in the experiment are irrigated with 22% of a solution which is 50 times that of the 22% of a thiacloprid and high-chlorine fluoride for disinsection, then 10 trees are randomly selected for repairing by adopting the method of example 3, 10 trees are repaired by adopting the method of comparative example 3, 10 trees are not repaired as a control, the test results are observed in 8 months in 2020, and the results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
Through test comparison, the 10 Australia flame trees using the method can survive completely after one year, the tree vigor is recovered well, the growth is vigorous, and yellow leaves do not exist; in comparative example 3, the procedure for rejuvenating the big trees was omitted, 1 australian flame tree died due to weak tree vigor, and the 9 surviving big trees had weaker tree vigor, fewer new branches and yellow leaves on old branches compared with the group of example 3; in the control group which only had been subjected to the insecticidal treatment, the survival rate was only 50% after one year, and the survival Australian flame wood was weak in tree vigor, and the holes were eroded by rainwater, so that the rottenness increased, and if the trunk was not repaired in time, the tree may be dead.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned contents are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and that the simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A trunk repairing method of a big tree is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out big tree rejuvenation: loosening soil of the peripheral root system of the damaged big tree, digging a groove at the periphery of the root crown of the big tree, adding a root promoting mixed fertilizer, backfilling the soil, and irrigating;
(2) clearing the damaged part of the trunk: cleaning the rotten and worm-eaten xylem of the trunk, and coating a callus coating agent for protection;
(3) disinsection and disinfection: spraying insecticide on the damaged part, and repeating for 3-5 times; spraying sterilizing liquid after the pesticide is dried, and repeating for 3-5 times; applying callus coating agent after 1 day; after the film coating agent is dried, spraying varnish;
(4) constructing an internal support structure of the trunk: taking a support measure for the trunk with large damaged holes, cutting a steel pipe according to the size of the holes, vertically or horizontally placing the cut steel pipe in the holes to obtain a steel pipe support frame shaped like a Chinese character 'jing', arranging a net structure tightly attached to the inner walls of the holes by using iron wires, and fixing; the trunk with small damaged holes does not need to be treated in the step;
(5) filling the trunk: sequentially filling charcoal and wood chips;
(6) hole sealing: selecting a big tree with similar age and thickness, manufacturing a soft film at the similar part, manufacturing wire nets with the same shape and arc shape according to the shape of the soft film, covering the wire nets on the outer side of the filler, connecting the wire nets with the wire nets on the inner side of the bark, sealing, filling gaps with wood chips, covering non-woven fabrics, and tightening and fixing;
(7) bark beautification treatment: making imitation bark; splicing the imitated bark on the damaged trunk, fixing, coloring and spraying varnish;
(8) and (5) maintenance management.
2. The trunk repair method of a big tree according to claim 1, wherein the size of the groove in step (1) is 30-50cm wide and 20-35cm deep; the irrigation operation is as follows: irrigating once every 3 days, and treating for 7-15 days.
3. The trunk repairing method of the big tree according to claim 1, wherein the root promoting mixed fertilizer in the step (1) is prepared by the following steps: is prepared by mixing plant ash and calcium superphosphate according to the mass ratio of 3: 1; the preparation method of the backfilled soil comprises the following steps: the loess and the fine sand are mixed according to the volume ratio of 4: 1.
4. The trunk repairing method of the big tree according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning method in the step (2) is: and cleaning the workpiece from outside to inside by using cleaning tools, wherein the cleaning tools are chisels, electric chisels and cutters with different specifications.
5. The method for repairing a trunk of a big tree according to claim 1, wherein the callus coating agent in the step (2) and the step (3) comprises a big tree wound coating agent, a big tree wound healing paste and a big tree callus coating agent; the application amount of the callus coating agent is 0.02-0.1g/cm2。
6. The method for repairing the trunk of the big tree according to claim 1, wherein the pesticide in the step (3) is one or more selected from amitraz, imidacloprid, chlorfenapyr, nitenpyram and thiacloprid; the sterilizing disinfectant is chlorothalonil, carbendazim or bordeaux mixture; the spraying amount of the varnish is 2-5g/cm2。
7. The method for repairing a trunk of a big tree according to claim 1, wherein the trunk with a large hole in the step (4) is a trunk with a maximum width of the hole in the transverse direction exceeding one third of the diameter of the damaged trunk part; the trunk with the small hole is the trunk with the maximum transverse width of the hole not more than one third of the diameter of the damaged trunk part.
8. The method for repairing a trunk of a big tree according to claim 1, wherein the charcoal particle size in step (5) is 2-5cm, irregular, and the pH is neutral; the sawdust is boiled and air-dried.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the seal wire in step (6) is 1-3cm from the outer bark of the tree.
10. The trunk repair method according to claim 1, wherein the fixing in step (7) is performed by using an adhesive.
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| CN117432240A (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-01-23 | 华侨大学 | Repairing method of ancient building girder |
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