CN112314481A - Internal circulation high-density grass carp breeding method - Google Patents
Internal circulation high-density grass carp breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112314481A CN112314481A CN202011276460.9A CN202011276460A CN112314481A CN 112314481 A CN112314481 A CN 112314481A CN 202011276460 A CN202011276460 A CN 202011276460A CN 112314481 A CN112314481 A CN 112314481A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an internal circulation high-density grass carp breeding method, which comprises the following steps: establishing a pond: building a plurality of rectangular culture ponds with water inlets and water outlets; oxygenation is carried out on the pond; putting the fry; feeding management; managing aquatic weeds: planting ryegrass on the ridges of the culture pond, gradually raising the water level to submerge the ryegrass for grass carp to eat in the culture process; fishing a finished product: the grass carp is caught and marketed at the end of 6 months, the novel bait is used in the breeding method, the immunopotentiator in the bait adopts a pure traditional Chinese medicine extract, the bait has multiple effects of preventing, protecting health, treating and adjusting the immunity function of the grass carp, is effective bait for replacing antibiotic drugs to prevent and treat the disease of the grass carp, is mainly improved or prevented from two aspects, has the effects of detoxifying, sterilizing, relieving pain, diminishing inflammation, replenishing blood, enhancing immunity mechanism and the like, is extracted to obtain extract powder, replaces antibiotics, and has high absorption and utilization rate of the grass carp.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses an internal circulation high-density grass carp breeding method, and belongs to the technical field of grass carp breeding.
Background
The grass carp is fish of Cyprinus of Cyprinaceae. Common names of grass carps are: wan fish, grass carp root (northeast), and the like. The body length is 3.4-4.0 times of the body height, 3.6-4.3 times of the head length, 7.3-9.5 times of the tail handle length and 6.8-8.8 times of the tail handle height. Long, blunt, 2 rows of teeth in the lower pharynx, in comb shape. The dorsal fin has no spine, the outer edge is straight and is positioned above the ventral fin, and the distance from the starting point to the tail fin base is shorter than that from the osculating end. The gill rake is short and small in number. The body is dark yellow, the abdomen is grey white, the edges of the body side scales are grey black, the pectoral fin and the ventral fin are grey yellow, and other fins are light-colored. Grass carp is a typical herbivorous fish, inhabits rivers and lakes in plain areas, and is generally favored in the middle and lower layers of water and near-shore multi-water grass areas. It is lively, swims rapidly, and often finds food in groups. The young grass carp eats larvae, algae and the like, and the grass carp eats some meat foods, such as earthworm, dragonfly and the like. Wide distribution, and is distributed from Heilongjiang to Yunnan Yuanjiang in China (except Tibet and Xinjiang areas). Has been transplanted to countries of Asia, Europe, America, Nonasea, etc.
At present, the grass carps artificially cultured by adopting the feed at high density have low immunity, are difficult to cure by using common medicines after suffering from diseases, and are extremely sensitive to the common medicines. For example, the common septicemia of grass carp in high-density culture is mainly caused by aeromonas hydrophila, which belongs to the genus aeromonas in the family vibrionaceae, is gram-negative brevibacterium, is extremely single flagellum, has no spore and capsule, can generate exotoxin with very strong toxicity, and the grass carp infected with septicemia has small food intake, weak constitution and high mortality, so that the problem to be solved urgently in high-density artificial culture of the grass carp is solved. The immunity of the grass carp is improved, so that the probability of septicemia infection can be greatly reduced, and high-density culture can be healthily carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an internal circulation high-density grass carp breeding method to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an internal circulation high-density grass carp breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a pond: building a plurality of rectangular culture ponds with water inlets and water outlets, keeping away from pollution and being convenient to drain and irrigate, sequentially arranging the rectangular culture ponds from left to right to form culture pond groups, arranging oxygen increasing equipment in each culture pond, wherein the pond walls of the culture ponds are made of cement materials, the pond bottoms are made of mud, the water depth is 1-1.5m, the thickness of the mud is 0.15-0.2m, the water temperature is 16-21 ℃, the transparency is controlled to be 20-35cm, the initial salinity is 2-3%, disinfecting each culture pond before culture, and opening the water inlets and the water outlets after disinfection to wash pond water in the culture ponds for multiple times;
(2) oxygenation in the pond: the outer pond culture area is provided with more than 2 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, the culture pond is provided with 3 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, and the culture pond is additionally provided with 1 Roots blower of 2.3 kilowatts for increasing oxygen;
(3) fry placing: starting an aerator, enabling the dissolved oxygen in the water to reach 5mg/L, then putting the grass carp into the aerator for culture, selecting 0.5-1.5kg of fingerlings which are uniform, uniform and disease-free fingerlings, starting stocking before and after 2 months, controlling stocking density to be 2-3 tails per square meter, controlling the dissolved oxygen in the water to be 6-8mg/L in the culture process, and controlling the dissolved oxygen in the water to be 10-12mg/L half an hour before and after bait replenishment;
(4) feeding management: in the culture period, adding a water quality modifier to make the water quality light green, controlling the transparency to be 30-35cm, increasing oxygen for 2-3h in the afternoon every day, timely filling fresh water into the culture pond, filling 1 time of fresh water every 3-5 days, wherein the filling amount is 3-4% of the original water amount, splashing 1 time of the whole pond with the EM biological bacteria preparation every 15-20 days, feeding the grass carp bait in particles, feeding the grass carp bait for 2 times every day when the fish fries are cultured for 1-3 months, and completely changing water every month when the fish fries are cultured for 2-6 months;
(5) managing aquatic weeds: planting ryegrass on the ridges of the culture pond, gradually raising the water level to submerge the ryegrass for grass carp to eat in the culture process;
(6) fishing a finished product: at the end of 6 months, the grass carp is caught and marketed.
Further, the grass carp bait is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 12-20 parts of maltodextrin; 25-30 parts of fish meal; 35-50 parts of earthworm powder; 8-10 parts of bread yeast autolysis powder; 5-10 parts of rice bran polypeptide; 0.5-1 part of compound vitamin; 10-15 parts of an immunopotentiator; the immunopotentiator is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of common andrographis herb, 5-10 parts of weeping forsythia, 5-10 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 5-10 parts of Chinese mugwort leaf, 5-10 parts of pilose asiabell root, 5-10 parts of astragalus root, 5-10 parts of honeysuckle flower, 5-10 parts of Chinese wolfberry, 5-10 parts of indigowoad root and 5-10 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
Further, the grass carp bait is processed according to the following steps:
(1) preparing an immunopotentiator: pulverizing herba Andrographitis, fructus forsythiae, bupleuri radix, folium Artemisiae Argyi, radix Codonopsis, radix astragali, flos Lonicerae, fructus Lycii, radix Isatidis and herba Houttuyniae, mixing, adding appropriate amount of water, decocting, filtering to remove residue, vacuum concentrating the filtrate to water content below 50%, and freezing or spray drying to obtain immunopotentiator;
(2) and (2) fully and uniformly mixing maltodextrin, fish meal, earthworm powder, bread yeast autolysis powder, rice bran polypeptide, multivitamins and the immunopotentiator in the step (1), adding a proper amount of water for wetting, and granulating and drying to obtain the granular bait for high-density culture of the grass carp.
Furthermore, the content of beta-glucan in the bread yeast autolysate is not less than 1.2%, the content of oxidized glutathione is not less than 0.5%, and the total nitrogen content of the bread yeast autolysate is not less than 8.0%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the novel bait is used in the breeding method, the immunopotentiator in the bait adopts pure traditional Chinese medicine extracts, has multiple effects of preventing, protecting health, treating and adjusting the immunologic function of the grass carp, is effective bait for replacing antibiotic medicines to prevent and treat the disease of the grass carp, and mainly improves or prevents the grass carp from two aspects: firstly: the raw materials of the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprise andrographis paniculata, fructus forsythiae, radix bupleuri, folium artemisiae argyi, codonopsis pilosula, astragalus membranaceus, honeysuckle, medlar, isatis root and honeysuckle, and have the effects of detoxifying, sterilizing, relieving pain, diminishing inflammation, enriching blood, enhancing immunity mechanism and the like, and the raw materials are extracted to obtain extract powder to replace antibiotics, so that the absorption and utilization rate of grass carp is high;
(2) the fish meal, the earthworm powder, the bread yeast autolyzed powder and the rice bran polypeptide are mixed, so that the feed is rich in nutrition, high in palatability and feeding attraction, high in absorption and utilization rate and low in metabolic waste, contains small molecular polypeptides and amino acids, is not easy to pollute the water quality of a culture pond, supplements nutrition for the grass carp together with the compound vitamins, strengthens the physique of the grass carp, and further improves the immunity of the grass carp; the two have mutual promotion and synergistic effect, so that the bait has good palatability and high absorption and utilization rate, and can effectively enhance the immunity of the grass carp.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1: an internal circulation high-density grass carp breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a pond: building a plurality of rectangular culture ponds with water inlets and water outlets, keeping away from pollution and facilitating drainage and irrigation, sequentially arranging the rectangular culture ponds from left to right to form culture pond groups, arranging oxygen increasing equipment in each culture pond, wherein the pond walls of the culture ponds are made of cement, the pond bottoms are made of mud, the water depth is 1m, the thickness of the mud is 0.15m, the water temperature is 16 ℃, the transparency is controlled to be 20cm, the initial salinity is 2%, disinfecting each culture pond before culture, and opening the water inlets and the water outlets after disinfection to enable pond water to be washed in the culture ponds for a plurality of times;
(2) oxygenation in the pond: the outer pond culture area is provided with more than 2 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, the culture pond is provided with 3 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, and the culture pond is additionally provided with 1 Roots blower of 2.3 kilowatts for increasing oxygen;
(3) fry placing: starting an aerator, enabling the water dissolved oxygen to reach 5mg/L, then putting the grass carp into the aerator for culture, selecting 0.5kg of fingerlings which are uniform, uniform and disease-free seedlings, starting stocking before and after 2 months, controlling stocking density to be 2 tails/square meter, controlling the water dissolved oxygen to be 6mg/L in the culture process, and controlling the water dissolved oxygen to be 10mg/L half an hour before and after bait replenishment;
(4) feeding management: in the culture period, adding a water quality modifier to enable the water quality to be light green, controlling the transparency to be 30cm, carrying out oxygenation for 2 hours every afternoon, timely filling fresh water into the culture pond, filling 1 time of fresh water every 3 days, wherein the filling amount is 3% of the original water amount, carrying out splashing on the whole pond with the EM biological bacteria preparation for 1 time every 15-20 days, feeding the granular grass carp baits, carrying out stocking for the fry in the 1 st month, feeding the grass carp baits 2 times every day, carrying out daily feeding for 2% of the total weight of the fry, carrying out stocking in the 2 nd month, and completely changing water every month;
(5) managing aquatic weeds: planting ryegrass on the ridges of the culture pond, gradually raising the water level to submerge the ryegrass for grass carp to eat in the culture process;
(6) fishing a finished product: at the end of 6 months, the grass carp is caught and marketed.
In this embodiment: the grass carp bait is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of maltodextrin; 25 parts of fish meal; 35 parts of earthworm powder; 8 parts of bread yeast autolysis powder; 5 parts of rice bran polypeptide; 0.5 part of compound vitamin; 10 parts of an immunopotentiator; the immunopotentiator is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of common andrographis herb, 5 parts of weeping forsythia, 5 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 5 parts of Chinese mugwort leaf, 5 parts of pilose asiabell root, 5 parts of astragalus root, 5 parts of honeysuckle flower, 5 parts of Chinese wolfberry, 5 parts of indigowoad root and 5 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
In this embodiment: the grass carp bait is processed according to the following steps:
(1) preparing an immunopotentiator: pulverizing herba Andrographitis, fructus forsythiae, bupleuri radix, folium Artemisiae Argyi, radix Codonopsis, radix astragali, flos Lonicerae, fructus Lycii, radix Isatidis and herba Houttuyniae, mixing, adding appropriate amount of water, decocting, filtering to remove residue, vacuum concentrating the filtrate to water content below 50%, and freezing or spray drying to obtain immunopotentiator;
(2) and (2) fully and uniformly mixing maltodextrin, fish meal, earthworm powder, bread yeast autolysis powder, rice bran polypeptide, multivitamins and the immunopotentiator in the step (1), adding a proper amount of water for wetting, and granulating and drying to obtain the granular bait for high-density culture of the grass carp.
Example 2: an internal circulation high-density grass carp breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a pond: building a plurality of rectangular culture ponds with water inlets and water outlets, keeping away from pollution and facilitating drainage and irrigation, sequentially arranging the rectangular culture ponds from left to right to form culture pond groups, arranging oxygen increasing equipment in each culture pond, wherein the pond walls of the culture ponds are made of cement, the pond bottoms are made of mud, the water depth is 1m, the thickness of the mud is 0.15m, the water temperature is 16 ℃, the transparency is controlled to be 20cm, the initial salinity is 2%, disinfecting each culture pond before culture, and opening the water inlets and the water outlets after disinfection to enable pond water to be washed in the culture ponds for a plurality of times;
(2) oxygenation in the pond: the outer pond culture area is provided with more than 2 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, the culture pond is provided with 3 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, and the culture pond is additionally provided with 1 Roots blower of 2.3 kilowatts for increasing oxygen;
(3) fry placing: starting an aerator, enabling the water dissolved oxygen to reach 5mg/L, then putting the grass carp into the aerator for culture, selecting 0.5kg of fingerlings which are uniform, uniform and disease-free seedlings, starting stocking before and after 2 months, controlling stocking density to be 2 tails/square meter, controlling the water dissolved oxygen to be 6mg/L in the culture process, and controlling the water dissolved oxygen to be 10mg/L half an hour before and after bait replenishment;
(4) feeding management: in the culture period, adding a water quality modifier to enable the water quality to be light green, controlling the transparency to be 30cm, carrying out oxygenation for 2 hours every afternoon, timely filling fresh water into the culture pond, filling 1 time of fresh water every 3 days, wherein the filling amount is 3% of the original water amount, carrying out splashing on the whole pond with the EM biological bacteria preparation for 1 time every 15-20 days, feeding the granular grass carp baits, carrying out stocking for the fry in the 1 st month, feeding the grass carp baits 2 times every day, carrying out daily feeding for 2% of the total weight of the fry, carrying out stocking in the 2 nd month, and completely changing water every month;
(5) managing aquatic weeds: planting ryegrass on the ridges of the culture pond, gradually raising the water level to submerge the ryegrass for grass carp to eat in the culture process;
(6) fishing a finished product: at the end of 6 months, the grass carp is caught and marketed.
In this embodiment: the grass carp bait is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of maltodextrin; 30 parts of fish meal; 50 parts of earthworm powder; 10 parts of bread yeast autolysis powder; 10 parts of rice bran polypeptide; 1 part of compound vitamin; 15 parts of an immunopotentiator; the immunopotentiator is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of common andrographis herb, 10 parts of weeping forsythia capsule, 10 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 10 parts of Chinese mugwort leaf, 10 parts of pilose asiabell root, 10 parts of astragalus root, 10 parts of honeysuckle flower, 10 parts of medlar, 10 parts of indigowoad root and 10 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
In this embodiment: the grass carp bait is processed according to the following steps:
(1) preparing an immunopotentiator: pulverizing herba Andrographitis, fructus forsythiae, bupleuri radix, folium Artemisiae Argyi, radix Codonopsis, radix astragali, flos Lonicerae, fructus Lycii, radix Isatidis and herba Houttuyniae, mixing, adding appropriate amount of water, decocting, filtering to remove residue, vacuum concentrating the filtrate to water content below 50%, and freezing or spray drying to obtain immunopotentiator;
(2) and (2) fully and uniformly mixing maltodextrin, fish meal, earthworm powder, bread yeast autolysis powder, rice bran polypeptide, multivitamins and the immunopotentiator in the step (1), adding a proper amount of water for wetting, and granulating and drying to obtain the granular bait for high-density culture of the grass carp.
Example 3: an internal circulation high-density grass carp breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a pond: building a plurality of rectangular culture ponds with water inlets and water outlets, keeping away from pollution and facilitating drainage and irrigation, sequentially arranging the rectangular culture ponds from left to right to form culture pond groups, arranging oxygen increasing equipment in each culture pond, wherein the pond walls of the culture ponds are made of cement, the pond bottoms are made of mud, the water depth is 1m, the thickness of the mud is 0.15m, the water temperature is 16 ℃, the transparency is controlled to be 20cm, the initial salinity is 2%, disinfecting each culture pond before culture, and opening the water inlets and the water outlets after disinfection to enable pond water to be washed in the culture ponds for a plurality of times;
(2) oxygenation in the pond: the outer pond culture area is provided with more than 2 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, the culture pond is provided with 3 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, and the culture pond is additionally provided with 1 Roots blower of 2.3 kilowatts for increasing oxygen;
(3) fry placing: starting an aerator, enabling the water dissolved oxygen to reach 5mg/L, then putting the grass carp into the aerator for culture, selecting 0.5kg of fingerlings which are uniform, uniform and disease-free seedlings, starting stocking before and after 2 months, controlling stocking density to be 2 tails/square meter, controlling the water dissolved oxygen to be 6mg/L in the culture process, and controlling the water dissolved oxygen to be 10mg/L half an hour before and after bait replenishment;
(4) feeding management: in the culture period, adding a water quality modifier to enable the water quality to be light green, controlling the transparency to be 30cm, carrying out oxygenation for 2 hours every afternoon, timely filling fresh water into the culture pond, filling 1 time of fresh water every 3 days, wherein the filling amount is 3% of the original water amount, carrying out splashing on the whole pond with the EM biological bacteria preparation for 1 time every 15-20 days, feeding the granular grass carp baits, carrying out stocking for the fry in the 1 st month, feeding the grass carp baits 2 times every day, carrying out daily feeding for 2% of the total weight of the fry, carrying out stocking in the 2 nd month, and completely changing water every month;
(5) managing aquatic weeds: planting ryegrass on the ridges of the culture pond, gradually raising the water level to submerge the ryegrass for grass carp to eat in the culture process;
(6) fishing a finished product: at the end of 6 months, the grass carp is caught and marketed.
In this embodiment: the grass carp bait is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 16 parts of maltodextrin; 28 parts of fish meal; 40 parts of earthworm powder; 9 parts of bread yeast autolyzed powder; 8 parts of rice bran polypeptide; 0.8 part of compound vitamin; 13 parts of an immunopotentiator; the immunopotentiator is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of common andrographis herb, 8 parts of weeping forsythia, 8 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 8 parts of Chinese mugwort leaf, 8 parts of pilose asiabell root, 8 parts of astragalus root, 8 parts of honeysuckle flower, 8 parts of Chinese wolfberry, 8 parts of indigowoad root and 8 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
In this embodiment: the grass carp bait is processed according to the following steps:
(1) preparing an immunopotentiator: pulverizing herba Andrographitis, fructus forsythiae, bupleuri radix, folium Artemisiae Argyi, radix Codonopsis, radix astragali, flos Lonicerae, fructus Lycii, radix Isatidis and herba Houttuyniae, mixing, adding appropriate amount of water, decocting, filtering to remove residue, vacuum concentrating the filtrate to water content below 50%, and freezing or spray drying to obtain immunopotentiator;
(2) and (2) fully and uniformly mixing maltodextrin, fish meal, earthworm powder, bread yeast autolysis powder, rice bran polypeptide, multivitamins and the immunopotentiator in the step (1), adding a proper amount of water for wetting, and granulating and drying to obtain the granular bait for high-density culture of the grass carp.
The breeding test of examples 1-3, specifically a certain grass carp farm, comparative example: the conventional breeding method is adopted, the bait is the conventional bait sold in the market, and the breeding result is as follows:
the results show that the method has high grass carp survival rate, high weight gain rate, high quality of the selected bait and low bait coefficient.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. An internal circulation high-density grass carp culture method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a pond: building a plurality of rectangular culture ponds with water inlets and water outlets, keeping away from pollution and being convenient to drain and irrigate, sequentially arranging the rectangular culture ponds from left to right to form culture pond groups, arranging oxygen increasing equipment in each culture pond, wherein the pond walls of the culture ponds are made of cement materials, the pond bottoms are made of mud, the water depth is 1-1.5m, the thickness of the mud is 0.15-0.2m, the water temperature is 16-21 ℃, the transparency is controlled to be 20-35cm, the initial salinity is 2-3%, disinfecting each culture pond before culture, and opening the water inlets and the water outlets after disinfection to wash pond water in the culture ponds for multiple times;
(2) oxygenation in the pond: the outer pond culture area is provided with more than 2 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, the culture pond is provided with 3 gas-stripping water-pushing oxygen-increasing machines of 2.3 kilowatts, and the culture pond is additionally provided with 1 Roots blower of 2.3 kilowatts for increasing oxygen;
(3) fry placing: starting an aerator, enabling the dissolved oxygen in the water to reach 5mg/L, then putting the grass carp into the aerator for culture, selecting 0.5-1.5kg of fingerlings which are uniform, uniform and disease-free fingerlings, starting stocking before and after 2 months, controlling stocking density to be 2-3 tails per square meter, controlling the dissolved oxygen in the water to be 6-8mg/L in the culture process, and controlling the dissolved oxygen in the water to be 10-12mg/L half an hour before and after bait replenishment;
(4) feeding management: in the culture period, adding a water quality modifier to make the water quality light green, controlling the transparency to be 30-35cm, increasing oxygen for 2-3h in the afternoon every day, timely filling fresh water into the culture pond, filling 1 time of fresh water every 3-5 days, wherein the filling amount is 3-4% of the original water amount, splashing 1 time of the whole pond with the EM biological bacteria preparation every 15-20 days, feeding the grass carp bait in particles, feeding the grass carp bait for 2 times every day when the fish fries are cultured for 1-3 months, and completely changing water every month when the fish fries are cultured for 2-6 months;
(5) managing aquatic weeds: planting ryegrass on the ridges of the culture pond, gradually raising the water level to submerge the ryegrass for grass carp to eat in the culture process;
(6) fishing a finished product: at the end of 6 months, the grass carp is caught and marketed.
2. The internal circulation high-density grass carp culture method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grass carp bait is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 12-20 parts of maltodextrin; 25-30 parts of fish meal; 35-50 parts of earthworm powder; 8-10 parts of bread yeast autolysis powder; 5-10 parts of rice bran polypeptide; 0.5-1 part of compound vitamin; 10-15 parts of an immunopotentiator; the immunopotentiator is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of common andrographis herb, 5-10 parts of weeping forsythia, 5-10 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 5-10 parts of Chinese mugwort leaf, 5-10 parts of pilose asiabell root, 5-10 parts of astragalus root, 5-10 parts of honeysuckle flower, 5-10 parts of Chinese wolfberry, 5-10 parts of indigowoad root and 5-10 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb.
3. The internal circulation high-density grass carp culture method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grass carp bait is processed according to the following steps:
(1) preparing an immunopotentiator: pulverizing herba Andrographitis, fructus forsythiae, bupleuri radix, folium Artemisiae Argyi, radix Codonopsis, radix astragali, flos Lonicerae, fructus Lycii, radix Isatidis and herba Houttuyniae, mixing, adding appropriate amount of water, decocting, filtering to remove residue, vacuum concentrating the filtrate to water content below 50%, and freezing or spray drying to obtain immunopotentiator;
(2) and (2) fully and uniformly mixing maltodextrin, fish meal, earthworm powder, bread yeast autolysis powder, rice bran polypeptide, multivitamins and the immunopotentiator in the step (1), adding a proper amount of water for wetting, and granulating and drying to obtain the granular bait for high-density culture of the grass carp.
4. The internal circulation high-density grass carp culture method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the content of beta-glucan in the bread yeast autolysate is not less than 1.2%, the content of oxidized glutathione is not less than 0.5%, and the total nitrogen content of the bread yeast autolysate is not less than 8.0%.
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| CN106071401A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 温州雏鹰科技有限公司 | Acipenser Sinensis high-density breeding bait and preparation method thereof |
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