CN104431624A - Traditional Chinese medicine composition for freshwater shrimp feed - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the technical scheme adopted by the invention, the traditional Chinese medicine composition for the freshwater shrimp feed is characterized by being prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 20%-25% of astragalus, 10%-15% of Chinese yam, 5%-10% of Chinese angelica, 5%-10% of honeysuckles, 10%-15% of codonopsis pilosula, 10%-15% of radix ophiopogonis, 10%-15% of hawthorns, 5%-10% of dried tangerine or orange peel and 10%-15% of isatis roots. The selected Chinese herbal medicine contains various immune active substances, can be used for promoting the freshwater shrimps to feed, increasing the feed utilization efficiency, strengthening the disease resistance of the freshwater shrimps and improving the survival rate of the freshwater shrimp breeding; the traditional Chinese medicine composition is added into the feed, free of toxic and side effect, free of drug resistance and drug residue, and capable of providing the freshwater shrimps which can improve the safety and the health of people. The traditional Chinese medicine composition adopts easily available raw materials, is convenient to manufacture, good in using effect and has a popularization value.

Description

A kind of blue or green Chinese medicine composition used for shrimp feed

Technical field

The present invention relates to fish production field, specifically a kind of blue or green Chinese medicine composition used for shrimp feed.

Background technology

Freshwater shrimp is the Freshwater shrimps of the unusual eating of a kind of people, and freshwater shrimp formal name used at school is Macrobrachium nipponensis, is mainly distributed in China and Japan freshwater, have reproductive capacity high, strong adaptability, feeding habits are wide, meat flavour is delicious, the advantage such as can throughout the year to go on the market. and its life habit has following characteristics:

1. pond crayfish belongs to omnivorousness aquatic livestock, partial eclipse animal fodder, propagates artificially based on commercial pellet forage feed, its the most suitable growth water temperature is 18-30 DEG C, when water temperature drop enters Wintering Period to when 4 DEG C, when water temperature is raised to more than 10 DEG C, vigor is strengthened, and ingests and progressively strengthens.

2. dwell life in the freshwater shrimp battalion end, likes perching the unhurried current place of growing thickly in pasture and water, and perch the depth of water from 1-2 rice to 6-7 rice not etc., summer and autumn, freshwater shrimp sought food and breeding at bank shoal, and then moving on to darker pool winter survives the winter, and seldom ingested and activity.

3., when water temperature is at about 18 DEG C, sexually matured male and female freshwater shrimp starts mate and oviposit, and the mating of freshwater shrimp is often just carried out when closing on and laying eggs.

4. freshwater shrimp tool negative phototropism, daytime is latent in the dark, and night is out movable, and breeding season is but changed all of a sudden, and daytime also out can carry out mating activity; Propagate artificially when feeding intake, daytime also out can strive food.

Freshwater shrimp is Omnivore, and the juvenile prawn stage take planktonic organism as food, and the main foodstuff of one-tenth shrimp in natural water area is dwell at the various end corpse, sessile algae, multiple thread algae, organic debris, phytoclasts etc. of minibeast, aquatic animal; The freshwater shrimp propagated artificially can ingest extensive stock feed, as vinasse, soybean residue, soya-bean cake, silkworm chrysalis, freshwater mussel meat, flour, fish powder, rice, spiral shell, especially likes food maggot to bend forward.

Freshwater shrimp is mainly by sense of smell or feeler search of food, and when looking for food, the feeler of freshwater shrimp is ceaselessly explored in water, when finding food, namely to be risen by food pincers with the first, the 7th pair of step and making a gift to someone in mouth; The alimentary canal of freshwater shrimp is straight and short, thus usually needs ceaselessly to take food.When ravenous hunger, also there will be the situation that food is carried off in cannibalism.

Freshwater shrimp is liked at ordinary times and occupy quiet corner, or hides oneself in cave, or perches in pasture and water therefrom, it to the occupying of food, space occupy and the contention of spouse has territorial behavior, do not allow his shrimp invasion, once find invader, namely lift the 2nd pair of step and do all one can to drive.

Freshwater shrimp perches usually in pasture and water clump, thus must plant appropriate pasture and water in shrimp-cultivation pool or arrange artificial shrimp nest, generally can gather materials on the spot, and utilizes ready-made tree root or with things such as plastic wires.

Its daytime hides at shady place, and night is out movable, and when only having searching spouse, its daytime is just out movable.

Freshwater shrimp happiness is moved about against the current, first with the 2nd pair of step defence when meeting enemy, time facing death or deadly peril, then bends and stretches by belly, tail fan drying and shrink back rapidly and keep away enemy.

Freshwater shrimp Burden-Swimming Ability of KM is poor, can only do short-range travelling, climb and creep in water-bed thick grass of being everlasting, and frightened or when being subject to harmful animal, sharply can shrink with belly, tail fan drying retreats, and then health stretches suddenly a bullet and just flees from water.

Freshwater shrimp has eurysalinity, and can move in fresh water and waters, Low-salinity river mouth, many clusters are grown thickly in pasture and water, the nearshore waters of sluggish flow, generally ingest and activity at littoral shoal summer and autumn, winter-spring season moves to darker waters and survives the winter, and suitable temperature range is comparatively wide, can naturally pass the winter.

The Burden-Swimming Ability of KM of freshwater shrimp is more weak, and can only do short-range travelling, most time is sought connections with on pasture and water or other object in water, when meeting harmful animal, relying on abdominal muscle suddenly to contract and bouncing backward.

The intensity of feeding of freshwater shrimp depends primarily on water temperature, and general March starts to ingest when water temperature rises to about 14 DEG C, and the 4-10 month intensity of feeding is maximum, and hypothermic phase entered people and survived the winter the stage December, seldom ingested, just ingested on a small quantity when only having temperature slightly to go up.

Because natural water area freshwater shrimp quantity is fewer and feweri, propagate the main source that freshwater shrimp becomes freshwater shrimp artificially, when propagating freshwater shrimp artificially, because freshwater shrimp increase in density, free space are little, feed nutrition supplies the impact of unequal factor, there will be the phenomenons such as freshwater shrimp food ration is low, survival rate is not high, gain in weight is little, reduce shrimp culture effect.

Summary of the invention

For overcoming above-mentioned defect, the present invention devises a kind of blue or green Chinese medicine composition used for shrimp feed.

Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of blue or green Chinese medicine composition used for shrimp feed, it is characterized in that, each component weight percentage of Chinese medicine composition is as follows: the Radix Astragali 20%-25%, Chinese yam 10%-15%, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 5%-10%, honeysuckle 5%-10%, Radix Codonopsis 10%-15%, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 10%-15%, hawthorn 10%-15%, dried orange peel 5%-10%, Radix Isatidis 10%-15%.

Chinese medicine composition preparation method of the present invention: said medicine is weighed respectively, crosses 200 mesh sieves through ultramicro grinding, stirs 40 minutes, puddle and be evenly this product, make an addition in feed during use in the ratio of 1%-3% of freshwater shrimp feed in mixer.

The each component pharmacological action of described Chinese medicine composition.

The Radix Astragali: mainly containing glycoside, polysaccharide, flavones, amino acid, trace element etc., can promote the renewal of organism metabolism, antifatigue, promotion serum and hepatic protein; The Radix Astragali has obvious diuresis, can eliminate Jishengshenqiwan Urine proteins, improves anaemia animal phenomenon; Can hypoglycemia be raised, reduce hyperglycaemia; The Radix Astragali can excitedly be breathed; Can strengthen and conditioner body immunity function, have facilitation to interferon system, the premunition of body can be improved; There is slight inhibitory action to multiple viral institute cytopathogenic effect, have antibacterial action more widely; The Radix Astragali is in cell chulture, and can make cell number showed increased, Growth of Cells is vigorous, life; Myocardial contractive power can be strengthened, protection cardiovascular system; Also have reducing blood lipid, anti anoxia, the effect such as to protect the liver.

Chinese yam: be the block root of Dioscoreaceae plant Chinese yam, the effect of there is tonifying spleen nourishing the stomach, invigorating the lung and the kidney; Chinese yam contains the material such as amylase, polyphenol oxidase, is conducive to taste digestion and absorption function; Containing various nutrients, there is strong body, the effect of nourishing kidney and replenishing pneuma; Containing saponin, lymphatic temperament, there is lubrication, moist effect; Chinese yam contains a large amount of mucus albumen, electrolytes and minerals, blood fat effectively can be stoped in the precipitation of vascular wall, stimulate circulation, and promotes the metabolism of freshwater shrimp body.

Radix Angelicae Sinensis: be the root of the perennial Radix Angelicae Sinensis of Umbelliferae, containing neutral oil compositions such as nopinene, australene, amphenes, containing acid-soluble oil composition, organic acids such as p-methylbenzyl alcohol, 5-methoxyl group-2,3-xylenols and newly return lactone, palmitic acid, folic acid, henbane Roripa, umbelliferone and choline carbohydrate; Also containing multiple propylhomoserin, vitamin and mineral matter etc., slight inhibitory action is had to Escherichia coli, typhoid fever and paratyphosum Bacterium, shigella dysenteriae, proteus, corynebacterium diphtheriae etc., ferulic acid from Chinese angelica has lipoid peroxidization resistant, directly can eliminate free radical, suppress oxidation reaction and radical reaction, and can be combined with biological film phospholipid, the infringement of diaphragm lipid antagonism radical pair tissue; Strengthen freshwater shrimp immunologic function, the immunosupress that saccharic hormone causes can be resisted, protect the liver, strengthen the function of detoxification of liver.

Radix Codonopsis: containing Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide composition, also containing sterols, sugar and glucoside, alkaloid and nitrogen containing component and triterpenes etc., in addition, also iron content, zinc, copper, 14 kinds of inorganic elements such as manganese and aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid etc. 17 seed amino acid, there is tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi, effect of invigorating the spleen benefit lung, can enhanced machine body immunity function, strengthen hematopoiesis function, resisting stress, cardiac stimulant, Hemorrhagic shock, regulate blood pressure, resist myocardial ischemia and the effect such as Antiaggregating activity on platelet, Radix Codonopsis also has intelligence development, calm, hypnosis, effect such as anticonvulsion grade, Radix Codonopsis can improve the resistivity of body to destructive stimulus, Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide can strengthen the heat-resisting ability of body, hypoxia-bearing capability and anti-cold service, animal dis motility rate can be improved, promote lymphocytic conversion, strengthen the function of antibody produced cell, promote that freshwater shrimp physique is healthy and strong.

The tuber of dwarf lilyturf: the tuber of dwarf lilyturf cold nature, sweet and slightly bitter taste; The tuber of dwarf lilyturf is containing compositions such as multiple steroid saponin, carrotene, mucilaginous substance, carbohydrate, stigmasterol; Pharmacological evaluation proves, there is increasing leukocyte the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, extends the effect of antibody life period, improves immunologic function and nucleic acid synthetic ratio, and the immune substances such as enhancing antibody, complement, interferon, lysozyme produce; Therefore the tuber of dwarf lilyturf has enhancing healthy tendency, strengthens anti-heresy effect, thus reduces the generation of disease; In pharmacology, there is nourishing Yin and promoting production of body fluid the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, effect that moistening lung clears away heart-fire; Also there is inhibitory action the tuber of dwarf lilyturf to various bacteria, can strengthen pituitary adrenal system function, improves organism adaptation ability, can improve freshwater shrimp body's hypoxia tolerance.

Hawthorn: containing multivitamin, crataegolic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid etc., also containing the mineral matter such as flavonoids, lactone, carbohydrate, protein, fat and calcium, phosphorus, iron, contained lipolytic enzyme can promote the digestion of fat food, promotes gastric secretion and increases the functions such as stomach endoenzyme element; , hawthorn has the effects such as long-pendingization that disappear is stagnant, convergence stops dysentery, activate blood circulation and disperse blood clots; Cure mainly the diseases such as eating accumulation, chest diaphragm spleen are full, the amenorrhoea of hernia blood stasis; Containing the drug ingedient such as mountain terpene and flavonoids in hawthorn, there is significant hemangiectasis and hypotensive effect, have the function strengthening cardiac muscle, arrhythmia, adjusting blood lipid and cholesterol level, the composition also containing anti-bacteria, treatment diarrhoea in hawthorn, is conducive to the resistance against diseases improving freshwater shrimp.

Dried orange peel: the maturate peel being rutaceae orange and variety thereof, when often to 10 to December, fruit tangerine reality was ripe, takes fruit, strips pericarp, dry in the shade or aeration-drying; Pericarp is with Chen Zheliang, therefore named; Dried orange peel taste is arduous, warm in nature, has effect of warming stomach for dispelling cold, regulating qi-flowing for strengthening spleen, high-quality dried orange peel sheet is large, look fresh, glossy, matter is soft, fragrance is dense, taste sweetness and bitterness are pungent; Dried orange peel taste is arduous, warm in nature, there is the invigorating the spleen of ventilation, eliminating dampness and eliminating phlegm, the effect of separating greasy lasting, stopping nausea and vomiting by lowering the adverse flow of QI, because dried orange peel contains limonoid, so contribute to digestion, in addition, dried orange peel contains the compositions such as volatile oil, hesperidine, Cobastab, C, contained volatile oil has gentle spread effect to intestines and stomach, can promote the secretion of digestive juice, gets rid of pneumatosis in intestinal tube, increase animal appetite, promote ingesting of freshwater shrimp.

Radix Isatidis: be the dry root of plant woaded blue, Radix Isatidis is elongated cylindrical, is about 10 ~ 20 ~ 30 centimetres, diameter 3 ~ 8 millimeters, surperficial ecru is coarse, have vertical wrinkle and horizontal spot, Radix Isatidis matter is solid and crisp, and section skin zone yellow-white is to light brown, xylem is yellow, gas is faint, and taste is micro-sweet, has inhibitory action to various bacteria, resisting gram-positive and negative bacteria, can improve the resistance against diseases of freshwater shrimp.

Beneficial effect: Chinese herbal medicine selected by the present invention contains panimmunity active material, can promote that freshwater shrimp ingests, improve food utilization efficiency, strengthen freshwater shrimp resistance against diseases, improve shrimp culture survival rate, use herbal composite to make an addition in feed, there is no toxic and side effect, there is not generation drug resistance problems, there is not medicament residue problem, the freshwater shrimp of safety and Health can be improved for people; Raw material of the present invention is easy to get, easy to make, result of use good, has promotional value.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1: get the Radix Astragali 20 grams, Chinese yam 15 grams, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 10 grams, honeysuckle 5 grams, Radix Codonopsis 15 grams, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 10 grams, hawthorn 10 grams, dried orange peel 5 grams, Radix Isatidis 10 grams; Said medicine is weighed respectively, 200 mesh sieves are crossed through ultramicro grinding, stir 40 minutes in mixer, puddle and be evenly this product, make an addition in feed in the ratio of 1% of freshwater shrimp feed during use, use freshwater shrimp feedstuff feeding freshwater shrimp of the present invention, improve shrimp culture survival rate 20%, freshwater shrimp individual weight gain improves 15%.

Embodiment 2: get the Radix Astragali 25 grams, Chinese yam 10 grams, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 5 grams, honeysuckle 7 grams, Radix Codonopsis 13 grams, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 15 grams, hawthorn 10 grams, dried orange peel 5 grams, Radix Isatidis 10 grams; Said medicine is weighed respectively, 200 mesh sieves are crossed through ultramicro grinding, stir 40 minutes in mixer, puddle and be evenly this product, make an addition in feed in the ratio of 2% of freshwater shrimp feed during use, use freshwater shrimp feedstuff feeding freshwater shrimp of the present invention, improve shrimp culture survival rate 23%, freshwater shrimp individual weight gain improves 18%.

Embodiment 3: get the Radix Astragali 22 grams, Chinese yam 10 grams, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 5 grams, honeysuckle 10 grams, Radix Codonopsis 10 grams, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 11 grams, hawthorn 12 grams, dried orange peel 10 grams, Radix Isatidis 10 grams; Said medicine is weighed respectively, 200 mesh sieves are crossed through ultramicro grinding, stir 40 minutes in mixer, puddle and be evenly this product, make an addition in feed in the ratio of 3% of freshwater shrimp feed during use, use freshwater shrimp feedstuff feeding freshwater shrimp of the present invention, improve shrimp culture survival rate 24%, freshwater shrimp individual weight gain improves 17%.

Claims (1)

1. a green grass or young crops Chinese medicine composition used for shrimp feed, it is characterized in that, each component weight percentage of Chinese medicine composition is as follows: the Radix Astragali 20%-25%, Chinese yam 10%-15%, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 5%-10%, honeysuckle 5%-10%, Radix Codonopsis 10%-15%, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf 10%-15%, hawthorn 10%-15%, dried orange peel 5%-10%, Radix Isatidis 10%-15%.