CN112293323B - Paddy field-based lobster breeding method - Google Patents
Paddy field-based lobster breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112293323B CN112293323B CN202011388485.8A CN202011388485A CN112293323B CN 112293323 B CN112293323 B CN 112293323B CN 202011388485 A CN202011388485 A CN 202011388485A CN 112293323 B CN112293323 B CN 112293323B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a paddy field-based lobster breeding method, which comprises the following steps: modifying a rice field, sterilizing a pond, planting aquatic weeds, putting seedlings, throwing baits, managing water quality, preventing and treating diseases, fishing and remaining seed shrimps, co-culturing shrimp and rice, planting rice, putting seed shrimps, preventing at high temperature, secondarily fishing lobsters, preventing at low temperature and fishing lobsters and shrimp seedlings. According to the lobster breeding method, the greenhouse is arranged, the sunshade net can be arranged in summer to reduce the temperature in the greenhouse, so that the crayfish is prevented from being holed in summer and kept warm by arranging the film in winter, and the crayfish is prevented from sleeping in winter and not being eaten; by prolonging the ingestion period of the crayfishes in summer and winter, the growth period of the crayfishes is shortened, and the crayfishes and the rice in three seasons are raised in one year, so that the yield is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of paddy field shrimps, in particular to a paddy field-based lobster breeding method.
Background
The paddy field cultivation is an ecological cultivation mode for virtuous circle in a paddy field ecological system according to the ecological economic principle, and the famous aquatic organism expert Niddy book indicates that the paddy field cultivation can harvest a considerable amount of aquatic products under the conditions of labor saving, labor saving and bait saving, and can promote the rice to be more than one-half of the yield without increasing the investment.
However, the existing paddy field breeding method and mode are not proper, and the produced crayfishes generally have the defects of smaller individuals, poorer colors and more diseases, so that the survival rate and the yield of the crayfishes are affected, and the farmers cannot be guaranteed to obtain corresponding economic benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a lobster breeding method based on a rice field, wherein a greenhouse is arranged, a sunshade net can be arranged in summer to reduce the temperature in the greenhouse, so that the crayfish is prevented from being holed in summer and kept warm by arranging a film in winter, and the crayfish is prevented from hibernation and is not eaten; by prolonging the ingestion period of the crayfishes in summer and winter, the growth period of the crayfishes is shortened, and the crayfishes and the rice in three seasons are raised in one year, so that the yield is increased.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a paddy field-based lobster breeding method comprises the following steps:
s10: rice field transformation:
s11: foundation transformation: the shrimp culture ditches are excavated at the positions, 0.7-1.2 meters away from ridges, of the rice field periphery of each 20-30 mu, the width of each ditch is 1.8-3 meters, the depth of each ditch is 0.8-1.5 meters, and the slope ratio is 1: 1-1.6: 1; planting escape-proof nets inside the ridges, and building escape-proof nets at the water inlet and outlet of the rice field;
s12: yield increase modification: building a greenhouse frame, wherein the greenhouse frame is square and covers the rice field and the shrimp culture ditch;
s20: sterilizing the pond: sterilizing each mu of quicklime dry pond by 40-80 kg;
s30: planting aquatic weeds: sterilizing the pond for 6-8 days, adding water, and transplanting waterweeds with a plant spacing and a row spacing of 1.3-1.5 m and 3-5 branches per plant on the surface of the shrimp culture ditch and the field;
s40: seed putting: selecting 4-6 g/crayfish seedlings with strong physique and strong vigor at the water temperature of 10-15 ℃ in the rice field, and breeding 30-50 kg/mu;
s50: bait feeding: selecting complete feed with 26-30% of protein content, mixing soybeans according to a proportion and feeding;
s60: water quality management: the water depth of the field surface is kept to be 30-40cm, and the water depth in the shrimp culture ditch is kept to be 60-100 cm;
s70: disease control: spraying quicklime to sterilize every 13-15 days in the first month after putting the offspring seeds; splashing quicklime for disinfection every 6-8 days in the second to fourth months after the offspring seeds are put in;
s80: fishing and seed shrimp retention: putting the fries in the fifth month, fishing 30-35 g/crayfish, gradually reducing the water level of the Tiantian to gather the crayfish on the field surface into the crayfish raising ditch, intensively fishing the rest crayfish, and putting the residual crayfish into a temporary raising pond to be reserved as seed crayfish, wherein the area of the temporary raising pond accounts for 5-10% of the total area of the rice field;
s90: co-culturing shrimp and rice:
s91: planting rice: after the crayfishes are caught to the temporary culture pond, rice seedlings with lodging resistance and strong disease resistance are selected for transplanting;
s92: feeding the breeding shrimps: performing primary rice clump leaf roller prevention before heading of the rice, fishing strong and complete freshwater shrimps with the weight of 20-30 g/shrimp from the temporary culture pond after 4-6 days as seed shrimps, and putting the seed shrimps into the rice field, wherein 8-12kg of seed shrimps are put into each mu of rice field; when the water depth of the field surface is 15-20cm, 30-50kg of shrimp seeds with 4-6 g/per mu of rice field are bred;
s93: high temperature prevention: the water temperature of the rice field is higher than 30 ℃, and a sun-shading net is covered on the greenhouse frame;
s94: secondarily catching lobsters: putting the seed shrimps in the field for the fourth month, removing the sun-shading net, gradually reducing the water level in the field until the field surface is free of water, drying the field to prepare for harvesting the rice, simultaneously starting the second catching of the lobsters, and stocking 4-6 g of each shrimp seedling in each mu of the rice field after the lobsters are caught; the seed shrimps are thrown for the fifth month, the rice is harvested and then watered to the depth of 20-30cm,
s95: low-temperature prevention: the water temperature of the rice field is lower than 10 ℃, a film is covered on a greenhouse frame, and the water temperature of the seed shrimps in the sixth month to the second year is 10-15 ℃, and the depth of the field surface water is increased to 40-50 cm;
s96: catching lobsters and shrimp seedlings: and (4) fishing the lobsters at the water temperature of 10-15 ℃ in the next year, completely fishing 20-40 g/lobsters, and putting the rest lobsters as seeds.
Further, the planting of the escape-proof net in the step S10 includes the following steps:
s11: and (3) digging a groove around the shrimp culture ditch on the ridge, arranging a fixed rod in every 25-35cm of the groove, arranging an anti-escape net on the fixed rod, enabling the anti-escape net 1/6-1-4 to be positioned in the groove, and finally tamping the buried soil.
Further, the step S50 includes the following steps:
s51: and (3) putting the seedlings in the way of 4: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans in proportion; the second month to the fishing, the ratio of 1: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans.
Further, in step S51: the feeding amount of the complete feed and the soybeans is reduced 1/4 on the concentrated molting period of the crayfish, continuous rainy days and days using disinfectants.
Further, the step S60 includes the following steps:
s61: changing water once every 7-10 days after the seedlings are put in the first month, changing water 1/4 every time, and changing water once every 3-5 days after the seedlings are put in the second month, changing water 1/3 every time;
s62: and removing rotten waterweeds once from the second month to 7-12 days after the fingerlings are put in.
Further, in step S61, water is changed once a day on a continuous rainy day, each time changing water 1/4.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the lobster breeding method, the greenhouse is arranged, the sunshade net can be arranged in summer to reduce the temperature in the greenhouse, so that the crayfish is prevented from being holed in summer and kept warm by arranging the film in winter, and the crayfish is prevented from sleeping in winter and not being eaten; by prolonging the ingestion period of the crayfishes in summer and winter, the growth period of the crayfishes is shortened, and the crayfishes and rice are raised for three seasons in one year, so that the yield is increased.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
example 1:
a paddy field-based lobster breeding method comprises the following steps:
s10: rice field transformation:
s11: foundation transformation: shrimp culture ditches are excavated at the position 0.7 m away from ridges around each 20 mu of rice field, the width of each ditch is 1.8 m, the depth of each ditch is 0.8-m, and the slope ratio is 1: 1; planting escape-proof nets inside the ridges, and building escape-proof nets at the water inlet and outlet of the rice field;
s12: yield increase modification: building a greenhouse frame, wherein the greenhouse frame is square and covers the rice field and the shrimp culture ditch;
s20: sterilizing the pond: sterilizing each mu of quicklime dry pond in the ditch by 40 kg;
s30: planting aquatic weeds: feeding water after 6 days of pond sterilization, and transplanting waterweeds with the plant spacing and the row spacing of 1.3 meters and 3 branches per plant on the surface of the shrimp culture ditch and the field;
s40: seed putting: selecting 4 g/crayfish seedlings with strong physique and strong vitality, breeding 30 kg/mu of the crayfish seedlings at the water temperature of the rice field of 10 ℃;
s50: feeding baits: selecting complete feed with 26% of protein content, mixing soybeans according to a proportion, and feeding;
s60: water quality management: the water depth of the field surface is kept at 30cm, and the water depth in the shrimp culture ditch is kept at 60 cm;
s70: disease control: spraying 5kg of quicklime to the water surface of 1 meter per mu once in the first month at intervals of 13 days after seed putting; spraying 5kg of quicklime to the water surface of 1 meter per mu every 6 days after the seedlings are put in the pond for disinfection every 6 days;
s80: fishing and seed shrimp retention: putting the seedlings in the pond for the fifth month, fishing all 30 g/more crayfishes, gradually reducing the water level of the Tiantian to gather the crayfishes on the field surface into the crayfish raising ditch, intensively fishing the rest crayfishes, putting the residual crayfishes into the temporary raising pond to be reserved as seed crayfishes, wherein the area of the temporary raising pond accounts for 5 percent of the total area of the rice field;
s90: co-culturing shrimp and rice:
s91: planting rice: after the crayfishes are caught to the temporary culture pond, rice seedlings with lodging resistance and strong disease resistance are selected for transplanting;
s92: seed shrimp throwing: before the ear emergence of the rice, the rice cluster leaf roller is prevented for one time, and after 4 days, robust and complete freshwater shrimps with the weight of 20 g/shrimp are caught from the temporary culture pond and put into the rice field as seed shrimps, and 8kg of seed shrimps are put into the rice field per mu of the rice field; when the depth of the field surface water is 15cm, 50kg of shrimp seedlings with 4 g/per mu of the field are bred;
s93: high temperature prevention: the water temperature of the rice field is higher than 30 ℃, and a sun-shading net is covered on the greenhouse frame;
s94: secondarily catching lobsters: putting the seed shrimps in the field for the fourth month, dismantling the sunshade net, gradually reducing the water level in the field until the field surface is free of water, drying the field to prepare for harvesting the rice, simultaneously starting the second catching of the lobsters, and stocking 4 g of each shrimp seedling in each mu of the rice field after the lobsters are caught; the seed shrimps are thrown for the fifth month, the rice is harvested and then watered to the depth of 20cm above the field surface,
s95: low-temperature prevention: the water temperature of the rice field is lower than 10 ℃, a film is covered on a greenhouse frame, and the water temperature of the seed shrimps in the sixth month to the second year is 10 ℃, and the depth of the surface water of the field is increased to 40 cm;
s96: catching lobsters and shrimp seedlings: and (4) fishing the lobsters at the water temperature of 10 ℃ in the next year, completely fishing more than 20 g of lobsters, and putting the rest lobsters as seeds.
Further, the planting of the escape-proof net in the step S10 includes the following steps:
s11: the method is characterized in that a groove is dug on a ridge around a shrimp culture groove, a fixing rod is arranged in every 25cm of the groove, an escape-proof net is arranged on the fixing rod, the escape-proof net 1/6 is positioned in the groove, and finally soil is buried and tamped.
Further, the step S50 includes the following steps:
s51: and (4) putting the seedlings in the culture medium in a ratio of 4: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans in proportion; the second month to the fishing, the ratio of 1: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans.
Further, in step S51: the feeding amount of the complete feed and the soybeans is reduced 1/4 in the concentrated molting period of the crayfish, continuous rainy days and days using disinfectants.
Further, the step S60 includes the following steps:
s61: changing water once 7 days in the first month after putting the seedlings, wherein the water is changed 1/4 every time, and changing water once every 3 days after putting the seedlings in the second month to catch the seedlings, wherein the water is changed 1/3 every time;
s62: and removing the rotten waterweeds once from the second month to 7 days after the fingerlings are put in.
Example 2:
a paddy field-based lobster breeding method comprises the following steps:
s10: rice field transformation:
s11: foundation transformation: the shrimp culture ditches are excavated at the position, 1.0 meter away from ridges, of the rice field periphery of each 20-30 mu, the width of each ditch is 2.4 meters, the depth of each ditch is 1.2 meters, and the slope ratio is 1.3: 1; planting escape-proof nets inside the ridges, and building escape-proof nets at the water inlet and outlet of the rice field;
s12: yield increase modification: building a greenhouse frame, wherein the greenhouse frame is square and covers the rice field and the shrimp culture ditch;
s20: sterilizing the pond: sterilizing the dry pond with 60kg of quicklime per mu in the ditch;
s30: planting aquatic weeds: feeding water 7 days after disinfection, and transplanting waterweeds with a plant spacing and a row spacing of 1.4 m and 4 branches per plant on the surface of the shrimp culture ditch and the field;
s40: seed putting: selecting 5 g/crayfish seedlings with strong physique and strong vigor for breeding at the water temperature of the rice field of 12 ℃, wherein 40kg of crayfish seedlings are bred per mu;
s50: feeding baits: selecting complete feed with 28% of protein content, mixing soybeans according to a proportion, and feeding;
s60: water quality management: the water depth of the field surface is kept 35cm, and the water depth in the shrimp culture ditch is kept 80 cm;
s70: disease control: after the seedlings are put in the pond, 5kg of quicklime is splashed to the water surface of each mu for sterilization once every 14 days in the first month; spraying 5kg of quicklime to the water surface of 1 meter per mu every 7 days after the seedlings are put in the pond for disinfection every 7 days;
s80: fishing and seed shrimp retention: putting the seedlings in the pond for the fifth month, fishing all 30 g/more crayfishes, gradually reducing the water level of the Tiantian to gather the crayfishes on the field surface into the crayfish raising ditch, intensively fishing the rest crayfishes, putting the residual crayfishes into the temporary raising pond to be reserved as seed crayfishes, wherein the area of the temporary raising pond accounts for 8 percent of the total area of the rice field;
s90: co-culturing shrimp and rice:
s91: planting rice: after the crayfishes are caught to the temporary culture pond, rice seedlings with lodging resistance and strong disease resistance are selected for transplanting;
s92: seed shrimp throwing: before the ear emergence of the rice, the rice cluster leaf roller is prevented for one time, and after 5 days, robust and complete freshwater shrimps with the weight of 25 g/shrimp are caught from the temporary culture pond and put into the rice field as seed shrimps, wherein 10kg of seed shrimps are put into the rice field per mu of rice field; when the depth of the field surface water is 18cm, 40kg of shrimp seedlings are bred in each mu of the rice field by 5 g;
s93: high temperature prevention: covering a sun-shading net on the greenhouse frame when the water temperature of the rice field is higher than 30 ℃;
s94: and (3) secondary catching of lobsters: the seed shrimps are put in for the fourth month, the sunshade net is removed, the water level in the field is gradually reduced until no water exists on the field surface, the field is sunned to prepare for harvesting the rice, the secondary catching of the lobsters is started, and after the catching of the lobsters, 5 g of the seed shrimps are put in each mu of the rice field for breeding 40kg of the lobsters; the seed shrimps are thrown for the fifth month, the rice is harvested and then watered till the water depth of the field surface is 28cm,
s95: low-temperature prevention: the water temperature of the rice field is lower than 10 ℃, a film is covered on a greenhouse frame, and the water temperature of the seed shrimps in the sixth month to the second year is 12 ℃, and the depth of the field surface water is increased to 45 cm;
s96: catching lobsters and shrimp seedlings: and (4) fishing the lobsters at the water temperature of 12 ℃ in the next year, completely fishing more than 20 g of lobsters, and putting the rest lobsters as seeds.
Further, the planting of the escape-proof net in the step S10 includes the following steps:
s11: the method is characterized in that a groove is dug on a ridge around a shrimp culture groove, a fixed rod is arranged in each 30cm groove, an escape-proof net is arranged on the fixed rod, the escape-proof net 1/5 is positioned in the groove, and finally soil is buried and tamped.
Further, the step S50 includes the following steps:
s51: and (3) putting the seedlings in the way of 4: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans in proportion; the second month to the fishing, the ratio of 1: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans.
Further, in step S51: the feeding amount of the complete feed and the soybeans is reduced 1/4 in the concentrated molting period of the crayfish, continuous rainy days and days using disinfectants.
Further, the step S60 includes the following steps:
s61: changing water once 8 days in the first month after the seedlings are put in, wherein the water is changed 1/4 every time, and changing water once every time from the second month to 4 days after the seedlings are caught, wherein the water is changed 1/3 every time;
s62: and removing the rotten waterweeds once from the second month to 10 days after the fingerlings are put in.
Example 3:
a paddy field-based lobster breeding method comprises the following steps:
s10: rice field transformation:
s11: foundation transformation: shrimp culture ditches are excavated at the positions, 1.2 meters away from ridges, of the four sides of each 30 mu of rice field, the width of each ditch is 3 meters, the depth of each ditch is 1.5 meters, and the slope ratio is 1.6: 1; planting escape-proof nets inside the ridges, and building escape-proof nets at the water inlet and outlet of the rice field;
s12: yield increase modification: building a greenhouse frame, wherein the greenhouse frame is square and covers the rice field and the shrimp culture ditch; the specific position and construction of the greenhouse frame are common knowledge and will not be described herein.
S20: pool disinfection: sterilizing the dry pond with 80kg of quicklime per mu in the ditch;
s30: planting aquatic weeds: sterilizing the pond for 8 days, adding water, and transplanting waterweeds with plant spacing and row spacing of 1.5 meters and 5 branches per plant in the shrimp culture ditch and the field surface;
s40: seed putting: selecting 6 g/crayfish seedlings with strong physique and strong vigor for breeding at the water temperature of 15 ℃ in the rice field, wherein 50kg of crayfish seedlings are bred per mu;
s50: feeding baits: selecting complete feed with 30% of protein content, mixing soybeans according to a proportion, and feeding;
s60: water quality management: the water depth of the field surface is kept at 40cm, and the water depth in the shrimp culture ditch is kept at 100 cm;
s70: disease control: spraying 5kg of quicklime to disinfect the water surface of each mu once in 1 m water depth every 15 days in the first month after the seedlings are put in; spraying 5kg of quicklime to the water surface of 1 meter per mu every 8 days after the seedlings are put in the pond for disinfection every second to fourth months;
s80: fishing and seed shrimp retention: putting the seedlings in the pond for the fifth month, fishing out all 35 g/crayfish, gradually reducing the water level of the Tiantian to gather the crayfish on the field surface into the crayfish raising ditch, intensively fishing out the rest crayfish, putting the residual crayfish into the temporary raising pond to be reserved as seed crayfish, wherein the area of the temporary raising pond accounts for 10 percent of the total area of the rice field;
s90: co-culturing shrimp and rice:
s91: planting rice: after the crayfishes are caught to the temporary culture pond, rice seedlings with lodging resistance and strong disease resistance are selected for transplanting;
s92: seed shrimp throwing: before the ear emergence of the rice, the rice cluster leaf roller is prevented for one time, and after 6 days, robust and complete freshwater shrimps with the weight of 30 g/shrimp are caught from the temporary culture pond and put into the rice field as seed shrimps, wherein 8kg of seed shrimps are put into each mu of the rice field; when the water depth of the field surface is 15-20cm, 50kg of 6 g/shrimp seedlings are bred in each mu of rice field;
s93: high temperature prevention: the water temperature of the rice field is higher than 30 ℃, and a sun-shading net is covered on the greenhouse frame;
s94: and (3) secondary catching of lobsters: putting the seed shrimps in the field for the fourth month, removing the sunshade net, gradually reducing the water level in the field until the field surface is free of water, drying the field to prepare for harvesting the rice, simultaneously starting the second catching of the lobsters, and stocking 6 g of each shrimp seedling in each mu of the rice field after the lobsters are caught; the breeding shrimps are thrown for the fifth month, the rice is fed with water to the depth of 30cm above the surface of the field after being harvested,
s95: low-temperature prevention: the water temperature of the rice field is lower than 10 ℃, a film is covered on a greenhouse frame, and the water temperature of the seed shrimps in the sixth month to the second year is 15 ℃, and the depth of the surface water of the rice field is increased to 50 cm;
s96: catching lobsters and shrimp seedlings: and (4) fishing the lobsters at the water temperature of 15 ℃ in the next year, completely fishing more than 20 g of lobsters, and putting the rest lobsters as seeds.
Further, the planting of the escape-proof net in the step S10 includes the following steps:
s11: and (3) digging a groove around the shrimp culture ditch on the ridge, arranging a fixed rod in every 35cm of the groove, arranging an escape-proof net on the fixed rod, positioning the escape-proof net 1-4 in the groove, and finally burying soil and tamping.
Further, the step S50 includes the following steps:
s51: and (3) putting the seedlings in the way of 4: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans in proportion; the second month to the fishing, the ratio of 1: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans.
Further, in step S51: the feeding amount of the complete feed and the soybeans is reduced 1/4 on the concentrated molting period of the crayfish, continuous rainy days and days using disinfectants.
Further, the step S60 includes the following steps:
s61: changing water once 10 days in the first month after the seedlings are put in, wherein the water is changed 1/4 every time, and changing water once every time from the second month to 5 days after the seedlings are put in, wherein the water is changed 1/3 every time;
s62: and removing the rotten waterweeds once from the second month to 12 days after the fingerlings are put in.
Wherein the water temperature is exemplified for 2 months at 10-15 ℃: and (3) putting seeds for the first time in 2 months, naturally growing the crayfishes at the moment, maturing the crayfishes after the growth period of 5 months, fishing for the first time in the late 6 months, fishing and keeping the crayfishes in a step S80 mode, and selling the caught commercial crayfishes for the first time.
After the lobsters are caught for the first time in 6 months, beginning to plant rice, wherein the rice is late rice; before the heading of the rice, the rice is prevented by the rice leaf roller for the first time, and then the seed shrimps are caught from the temporary rearing pond and put into the rice field. And then, in summer, covering a sunshade net on the greenhouse frame, reducing the temperature of the rice field and the shrimp culture ditch through sunlight, further keeping the temperature in the greenhouse at a constant temperature suitable for the growth of the crayfish, and simultaneously avoiding the situation that the crayfish is damaged by punching and sunstroke prevention due to overhigh temperature. The temperature in the greenhouse is reduced, and the crayfish is prevented from being summer-prone, so that the feeding growth period of the crayfish in summer can be prolonged, the growth period of the crayfish in summer is greatly shortened, and the crayfish is accelerated to ripen.
In 10 th of the middle of the month, the crayfishes mature after three and a half of the growth period, the sunshade net is removed and the crayfishes are caught for the second time, and the caught commercial crayfishes are sold for the second time. And finishing the second catching of the crayfishes, and putting the crayfishes again.
And in 11 months, the temperature is reduced, and at the moment, a film is arranged outside the greenhouse frame for keeping warm, so that the temperature inside the greenhouse frame and in the water environment is constant, and the temperature is kept at a temperature suitable for the growth of the crayfish, the hibernation period of the crayfish is shortened, the ingestion period of the crayfish in winter is prolonged, the growth period of the crayfish in winter is greatly shortened, and the crayfish is accelerated to ripen.
In late 1 month of the second year, the crayfishes mature after the growth period of three and a half months, the crayfishes are harvested for the third time, and the harvested commercial crayfishes are sold for the third time.
Wherein, the sunshade net that sets up in summer can also prevent locust, birds when the rice is ripe to the harm of paddy, is favorable to improving the paddy output. Normal lobsters come into the market in May and 6-9 months are in the tripod stage. The lobsters caught for the second time are put into the market after being struck by normal lobsters, so that the selling price is greatly improved, and the income is increased. The third batch of crayfish is earlier than normal crayfish and staggers the peak time of the crayfish appearing on the market, which is beneficial to improving the selling price of the crayfish and further increasing the income.
According to the lobster breeding method, the greenhouse is arranged, the sunshade net can be arranged in summer to reduce the temperature in the greenhouse, so that the crayfish is prevented from being holed in summer and kept warm by arranging the film in winter, and the crayfish is prevented from sleeping in winter and not being eaten; by prolonging the ingestion period of the crayfishes in summer and winter, the growth period of the crayfishes is shortened, and the crayfishes and rice are raised for three seasons in one year, so that the yield is increased.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A paddy field-based lobster breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s10: rice field transformation:
s11: foundation transformation: the shrimp culture ditches are excavated at the positions, 0.7-1.2 meters away from ridges, of the rice field periphery of each 20-30 mu, the width of each ditch is 1.8-3 meters, the depth of each ditch is 0.8-1.5 meters, and the slope ratio is 1: 1-1.6: 1; planting escape-proof nets inside the ridges, and building escape-proof nets at the water inlet and outlet of the rice field;
s12: yield increase modification: building a greenhouse frame, wherein the greenhouse frame is square and covers the rice field and the shrimp culture ditch;
s20: sterilizing the pond: sterilizing the ditch with 40-80kg of quicklime dry pond per mu;
s30: planting aquatic weeds: sterilizing the pond for 6-8 days, adding water, and transplanting waterweeds with a plant spacing and a row spacing of 1.3-1.5 m and 3-5 branches per plant on the surface of the shrimp culture ditch and the field;
s40: seed putting: 2 months, putting the crayfish seeds for the first time, and breeding 4-6 g/crayfish seeds with strong physique and strong vitality 30-50 kg/mu when the water temperature of the rice field is 10-15 ℃;
s50: feeding baits: selecting complete feed with 26% -30% of protein content, mixing soybeans according to a proportion and feeding;
s60: water quality management: the water depth of the field surface is kept to be 30-40cm, and the water depth in the shrimp culture ditch is kept to be 60-100 cm;
s70: disease control: spraying quicklime to sterilize every 13-15 days in the first month after putting the offspring seeds; splashing quicklime for disinfection every 6-8 days in the second to fourth months after the offspring seeds are put in;
s80: fishing and seed shrimp retention: in the fifth month, 30-35 g/crayfish are all caught, the water level in the field is gradually reduced, the crayfish on the field surface is gathered in the crayfish culturing ditch, the rest crayfish is intensively caught and then placed in a temporary culture pond to be reserved as seed crayfish, and the area of the temporary culture pond accounts for 5-10% of the total area of the rice field;
s90: co-culturing shrimp and rice:
s91: planting rice: after the crayfishes are caught to the temporary culture pond, rice seedlings with lodging resistance and strong disease resistance are selected for transplanting;
s92: feeding the breeding shrimps: performing primary rice clump leaf roller prevention before heading of the rice, fishing strong and complete freshwater shrimps with the weight of 20-30 g/shrimp from the temporary culture pond after 4-6 days as seed shrimps, and putting the seed shrimps into the rice field, wherein 8-12kg of seed shrimps are put into each mu of rice field; when the water depth of the field surface is 15-20cm, 30-50kg of shrimp seeds with 4-6 g/per mu of rice field are bred;
s93: high temperature prevention: covering a sun-shading net on the greenhouse frame when the water temperature of the rice field is higher than 30 ℃;
s94: and (3) secondary catching of lobsters: putting the seed shrimps in the field for the fourth month, removing the sun-shading net, gradually reducing the water level in the field until the field surface is free of water, drying the field to prepare for harvesting the rice, simultaneously starting the second catching of the lobsters, and stocking 4-6 g of each shrimp seedling in each mu of the rice field after the lobsters are caught; the seed shrimps are thrown for the fifth month, the rice is harvested and then watered to the depth of 20-30cm,
s95: low-temperature prevention: the water temperature of the rice field is lower than 10 ℃, a film is covered on a greenhouse frame, and the water temperature of the seed shrimps in the sixth month and the second year is 10-15 ℃, and the depth of the field surface water is increased to 40-50 cm;
s96: catching lobsters and shrimp seedlings: and (4) fishing the lobsters at the water temperature of 10-15 ℃ in the next year, completely fishing 20-40 g/lobsters, and putting the rest lobsters as seeds.
2. The paddy-field-based lobster breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the planting of the escape prevention net in the step S11 includes the following steps:
s11: and (3) digging a groove around the shrimp culture ditch on the ridge, arranging a fixed rod in each 25-35cm of the groove, arranging an anti-escape net on the fixed rod, positioning the anti-escape nets 1/6-1/4 in the groove, and finally tamping the buried soil.
3. The paddy-field-based lobster breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step S50 includes the following steps:
s51: and (3) putting the seedlings in the way of 4: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans in proportion; the second month to the fishing, the ratio of 1: 1, putting complete feed and soybeans.
4. The paddy-based lobster breeding method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step S51: the feeding amount of the complete feed and the soybeans is reduced 1/4 in the concentrated molting period of the crayfish, continuous rainy days and days using disinfectants.
5. The paddy-field-based lobster breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step S60 includes the following steps:
s61: changing water once in 7-10 days of the first month after the seedlings are put in, changing water 1/4 every time, changing water once in 3-5 days after the seedlings are put in the second month, and changing water 1/3 every time;
s62: and removing rotten waterweeds once from the second month to 7-12 days after the fingerlings are put in.
6. The paddy-based lobster breeding method as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the step S61, water is changed once a day in the rainy day, 1/4 water is changed each time.
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