CN103931529A - Method for ecologically cultivating freshwater shrimps in paddy - Google Patents

Method for ecologically cultivating freshwater shrimps in paddy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103931529A
CN103931529A CN201410150228.9A CN201410150228A CN103931529A CN 103931529 A CN103931529 A CN 103931529A CN 201410150228 A CN201410150228 A CN 201410150228A CN 103931529 A CN103931529 A CN 103931529A
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China
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rice
freshwater shrimp
water
shrimp
paddy
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CN201410150228.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103931529B (en
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庄应强
吴殿星
屠娟丽
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嘉兴职业技术学院
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for ecologically cultivating freshwater shrimps in a paddy. The method includes the following steps that the paddy is fertilized and then raked, a communicated cultivating ditch is excavated in the raked paddy, a field ridge is built around the cultivating ditch with excavated soil, the height of the field ridge ranges from 45 cm to 70 cm, and the width of the field ridge ranges from 60 cm to 90 cm; the cultivating ditch is provided with a water inlet and a drainage opening, the water inlet and the drainage opening are respectively provided with a device preventing the freshwater shrimps from escaping, a pond occupying 5%-8% of the area of the whole paddy is excavated on the water inlet, and the depth of the pond ranges from 80 cm to 110 cm; the paddy is sterilized through calcium oxide; seedlings of a rice variety are inserted into the sterilized paddy, wherein the stalks of the seedlings are thick and strong, the seedlings are resistant to lodging, diseases and fertility and grow in deep water, and the yield is high; the freshwater shrimps are fed after the seedlings turn green; bait is thrown during cultivating according to the freshwater shrimps in different growth stages, and meanwhile water keeps clean. The freshwater shrimps cultivated in the method are natural and free of pollution and are pure green food.

Description

The method of rice field ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp

Technical field

The present invention relates to aquaculture field, in particular to the method for a kind of rice field ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp.

Background technology

Freshwater shrimp, formal name used at school Japanese macrobrachium supernbum, is the traditional breed variety of China, because of its delicious flavour, nutritious, is deeply subject to market and consumers in general's favor.With respect to seeds such as Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Penaeus Vannmeis, freshwater shrimp less investment, price steadiness, cultivation risk is little, and therefore, shrimp culture industry is relatively stable.

And existing paddy field aquaculture aquatic livestock, the general plant of common rice of employing is 1 meter of left and right, and during paddy growth, field water level generally can only remain on 10-20cm, and the aquatic livestock living space cultivating is restricted, thereby affects the output of aquatic livestock.Meanwhile, if more than field water level remains on 40cm, rice plant very easily lodges, and affects rice yield always.In addition, because the ability of its preventing disease and pest of common rice is poor, in the process of plantation, also must carry out diseases prevention and deinsectization work, generally use agricultural chemicals, can affect aquatic animal to grow like this, so not only can affect the output of aquatic livestock, also can cause certain pesticide pollution to aquatic livestock.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of rice field ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, to solve the above problems.

The method that a kind of rice field ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

To Paddy fields, then rake, in the described rice field of raking, excavate the cultivation ditch communicating, and with the earth excavating, build up the ridge of high 45-70cm, wide 60-90cm in the surrounding of described cultivation ditch;

Described cultivation ditch is provided with water inlet and discharge outlet, and described water inlet and described discharge outlet are respectively arranged with the device that prevents freshwater shrimp flight, the swag of the 5%-8% that is whole rice field area at described water inlet excavated area, and the degree of depth of described swag is 80-110cm;

Adopt quicklime to sterilize to described rice field;

Described rice field after sterilization inserts that stem stalk is sturdy, resistant to lodging, the rice shoot of disease resistance, resistance to fertility, Growth and yield is high in deep water rice varieties;

Described rice shoot is put freshwater shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed after turning green;

During cultivation, press the freshwater shrimp of different growing stage and throw in bait, keep the pure and fresh of water quality simultaneously.

Preferably, described cultivation ditch width is 0.5-1.0m, and the degree of depth is 0.8-1.0m.

Preferably, described cultivation ditch is " well " font or " ten " font or sphere of movements for the elephants shape.

Preferably, the consumption of described quicklime is per hectare rice field 450-600kg.

Preferably, by described quicklime water pulping, the whole rice field of evenly splashing.

Preferably, described rice varieties is reed rice.

Preferably, the length of described freshwater shrimp seedling is 1.0-1.2cm, and freshwater shrimp seedling 15.0-22.5 ten thousand tails are put in rice field in a suitable place to breed described in per hectare.

Preferably, during described cultivation, press the freshwater shrimp of different growing stage and throw in bait, be specially:

10-15 days after throwing in described freshwater shrimp seedling, mixes animal bait and vegetal bait in the ratio of 2-4: 6-8, water is splashed and thrown something and fed in described rice field surrounding after mixing thoroughly, and feeding volume is per hectare 14-16kg; After freshwater shrimp grows to average length and is 2cm, the artificial granular bait for fish that coordinates of the Prawn phase of throwing something and feeding, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day is the heavy 2%-3% of total shrimp; Become the shrimp phase to throw something and feed into the artificial particle that coordinates of shrimp phase, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day is the heavy 5%-8% of total shrimp;

Daily ration, feeding quantity is all as the criterion to eat up in 2-3 after throwing something and feeding hour.

Preferably, described animal bait is one or more in pig blood, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, fish meal; Described vegetal bait is one or more in beancake powder, soybean curb residue, barley meal.

Preferably, in described freshwater shrimp fast growing period, more than water level in paddy field remains on 60cm.

The method of a kind of rice field ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp that the embodiment of the present invention provides, adopt that stem stalk is sturdy, resistant to lodging, disease resistance, resistance to fertility, in deep water the high rice varieties of Growth and yield, stem stalk paddy rice sturdy, resistant to lodging provide the enough ground of having a rest can to the freshwater shrimp of cultivation; The paddy disease-resistant worm ability adopting is strong, can reduce deinsectization work, has also prevented the pollution to freshwater shrimp of the medicine that sprays, and in addition, when spraying insecticide, the ditch pool that excavate water inlet, for the temporary ground of freshwater shrimp, prevents the impact that freshwater shrimp is sprayed insecticide; The rice varieties that adopts deep water growth, deep water refers to that in the depth of water be in water more than 0.6m, can prevent the rice lodging in rice field, and deep water gives the living space that freshwater shrimp is larger, is beneficial to freshwater shrimp growth.In a word, the freshwater shrimp that adopts method cultivation of the present invention to obtain, natural pollution-free, be pure pollution-free food.

Embodiment

Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.

The method that a kind of rice field ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp is provided in the embodiment of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

To Paddy fields, then rake, in the described rice field of raking, excavate the cultivation ditch communicating, and with the earth excavating, build up the ridge of high 45-70cm, wide 60-90cm in the surrounding of described cultivation ditch;

Described cultivation ditch is provided with water inlet and discharge outlet, and described water inlet and described discharge outlet are respectively arranged with the device that prevents freshwater shrimp flight, the swag of the 5%-8% that is whole rice field area at described water inlet excavated area, and the degree of depth of described swag is 80-110cm;

Adopt quicklime to sterilize to described rice field;

Described rice field after sterilization inserts that stem stalk is sturdy, resistant to lodging, the rice shoot of disease resistance, resistance to fertility, Growth and yield is high in deep water rice varieties;

Described rice shoot is put freshwater shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed after turning green;

During cultivation, press the freshwater shrimp of different growing stage and throw in bait, keep the pure and fresh of water quality simultaneously.

The method of a kind of rice field ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp that the embodiment of the present invention provides, adopt that stem stalk is sturdy, resistant to lodging, disease resistance, resistance to fertility, in deep water the high rice varieties of Growth and yield, stem stalk paddy rice sturdy, resistant to lodging provide the enough ground of having a rest can to the freshwater shrimp of cultivation; The paddy disease-resistant worm ability adopting is strong, can reduce deinsectization work, has also prevented the pollution to freshwater shrimp of the medicine that sprays, and in addition, when spraying insecticide, the ditch pool that excavate water inlet, for the temporary ground of freshwater shrimp, prevents the impact that freshwater shrimp is sprayed insecticide; The rice varieties that adopts deep water growth, deep water refers to that in the depth of water be in water more than 0.6m, can prevent the rice lodging in rice field, and deep water gives the living space that freshwater shrimp is larger, is beneficial to freshwater shrimp growth.In a word, the freshwater shrimp that adopts method cultivation of the present invention to obtain, natural pollution-free, be pure pollution-free food.

Raked and require field top layer smooth in rice field, height differs and is no more than 5cm, soil particle lower thick upper thin.The heavy phosphorus potassium of the light nitrogen that applies fertilizer, disposable using sufficient do not impose, and take fertilizer as main, and every mu reaches purity nitrogen 10-11kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5-6kg, potassium oxide 10-11kg.Paddy field weeding is in principle without chemical herbicide, if desired, selects that drug effect is short, the medicine of noresidue, carries out field sealing weeding before rice transplanting, and dosage is few, guarantees not to be subject to poisoning after shrimp seedling drops into.

Paddy rice does single cropping rice cultivation, and sowing time should be before and after 1-10 day in May.Require with 1.5% really 500 times of spirits soak seed 24 hours, and be with the vernalization of medicine heat and moisture preserving." reed rice " tillers medium, and rice seedling bed will enrich a certain amount of azophoska.Mu rice seedling bed seeding quantity 5kg, mu Honda kind amount 0.5kg left and right.Mud collapses after paddy, and every mu of young standing grain of use 17.2% preserves 200g to be watered 40-50kg, evenly sprays the weeding of seedling plate.On rich water quality management, 15% composite fertilizer 10kg for base manure, two leaves wholeheartedly its mu are executed urea 6kg, stand up fertile in rice transplanting first 3 days, and mu is executed urea 6kg.One one heart stage of leaf, kept seedling ditch-water, the high short tiller of available 300mg/kg paclobutrazol control, two one heart stages of leaf the upper seedling plate of pouring water, during carry out even seedling, after tri-leaf period, keep that shoaling layer is short early to be sent out.Thrips, rice fulgorid, snout moth's larva etc. will be prevented curing in sick worm aspect.The suitable leaf age 4 leaf left and right of transplanting, length of time rice seedlings grow 22-28 days.

Reed Oryza large-spike cultivar, colony is larger, for giving full play to individual dominance, coordinates group's individual growth, and field-transplanting density is 50-70 * 50-70cm, and mu is inserted several 0.4 ten thousand clumps of clump.Strive for that every clump becomes fringe more than 20, mu is fringe 80,000 effectively, and every total grain panicle is striven for 300 left and right, and real grain more than 200, is finally realized high yield.No longer plant at cultivation ditch place, guarantees the demand of shrimp seedling growth to oxygen.

After inserting, fill with deep water seedling-protection, survive after turning green that suitably shallow irrigation is short tillers, reed rice can grow in 0.8-1.5 rice water, but tillers in order to promote, it is also necessary suitably putting field.In late June to early July, put field in good time.Before results, within 15-20 days, start progressively to reduce water level, shrimp is progressively migrated in cultivation ditch, until cut off the water supply, be conducive to mechanical harvesting.Preferably, in described freshwater shrimp fast growing period, more than water level in paddy field remains on 60cm, to be conducive to the growth of freshwater shrimp, the selection of water level also needs to consider the growth of reed rice, generally selects 60-70cm.Freshwater shrimp fast growing period is generally the Prawn after date phase to becoming the shrimp phase.

In the process of growth of paddy rice, freshwater shrimp and paddy rice symbiosis are supported altogether, and paddy rice provides that freshwater shrimp perches, shell and sheltered situation; Rice Photosynthesis also can increase dissolved oxygen in water, and the excreta of freshwater shrimp also can provide certain fertility to paddy rice, thereby water quality is purified, and cultivate water improves, and has prevented water quality deterioration, is conducive to freshwater shrimp growth, improves freshwater shrimp quality.

Water quality of paddy field is the key factor that determines to support shrimp success or failure, will prevent water quality overfertilization anoxic and pesticide pollution especially.First to adhere to refreshing the water periodically, make to cultivate water in ditch and keep pure and fresh, the new water 1 time of generally annotating every 3-5 days; Take rich water as main early stage, rich water generally adopts animal wastes, animal wastes are first fermented, then via hole diameter is that sieve water that length and width are 0.5-1.0cm is rushed in row and filtered, discard the bulk impurity of staying above sieve, the ight soil of water punching is for rich water, and the transparency that makes to cultivate water in ditch is 25cm, and the middle and later periods makes the transparency of water reach 30-40cm.Within every 10-15 days, can spill quicklime and carry out regulating water quality 1 time, usage amount is per hectare 75-150kg.At high temperature season, more want duty to change water, even if also will keep cultivating stable level in ditch when paddy rice is put field, have miniflow water better, can be freshwater shrimp a good ecotope is provided.Secondly, avoid as far as possible using agricultural chemicals, especially forbid to use deinsectization essence and pyrethrin pesticide, really need to use the agricultural chemicals that should select high-efficiency low-toxicity; In the evening before that day of pesticide, lure collection in swag shrimp, and cut off the water supply, within the 2nd day, get final product pesticide; Unsuitable pesticide of rainy day, in case agricultural chemicals, by rain drop erosion, flows into shrimp ditch along stems and leaves of rice.

At water inlet and discharge outlet setting, prevent the device that freshwater shrimp is fled, as flashboard and 60-80 order plastics bolting silk are installed.Water inlet and discharge outlet with can current unimpeded, can prevent that the principle that cultivates freshwater shrimp flight from designing again., suit measures to local conditions as far as possible meanwhile, utilize local resources condition, do the anti-work of escaping well.

According to demand, preferably, described cultivation ditch width is 0.5-1.0m, and the degree of depth is 0.8-1.0m.

Preferably, described cultivation ditch is " well " font or " ten " font or sphere of movements for the elephants shape.The cultivation ditch of " well " font or " ten " font or sphere of movements for the elephants shape makes to interconnect between raceway groove, is easy to water flowing or discharges water, convenient management.

Empirical tests, the consumption of described quicklime is per hectare rice field 450-600kg.Particularly, by described quicklime water pulping, the whole rice field of evenly splashing.Use quicklime to carry out the harmful organisms that rice field sterilization both can have been killed the freshwater shrimps such as swamp eel in rice field, loach, leech, again can sweetening of the soil acid, in the time of can also increasing freshwater shrimp and cast off a skin required calcareous simultaneously.After using 7-10 days, quicklime can put freshwater shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed.

Preferably, described rice varieties is reed rice.The plant type of rice of reed rice varieties is tall and big, and plant is up to 160-180cm, and likeness in form " reed ", is commonly called as reed rice.The thick stalk of reed rice stem is strong, and leaf sheath is thick and heavy, and clasping power is strong, and clasping face is large, and lodging resistance is extremely strong; Well developed root system, can grow and form flourishing water root on each joint while growing in water, and suction is fertile and resistance to fertility is strong, has excellent water body purification ability; Blade is long, thick, very, leaf color depth, annesl is smooth and easy, ripe mutually splendid, resistant to diseases and insects is strong.And this paddy rice can grow at deep water, generally, in the depth of water growth of 0.6-1m, deep water growth is not easy to the advantage that damaged by vermin occurs in addition.

In rice field, the cultivation of freshwater shrimp is to have the restriction of certain number, empirical tests, and preferably, the length of described freshwater shrimp seedling is 1.0-1.2cm, freshwater shrimp seedling 15.0-22.5 ten thousand tails are put in rice field in a suitable place to breed described in per hectare.The freshwater shrimp of cultivation and the paddy rice growth of mutually promoting like this.

The cultivation of shrimp seedling can adopt soya-bean milk rear the fry in fertile pond method, specific as follows:

(1) freshwater shrimp Magna zoea larva is hatched rear 2-3 days, and use 1.5-2.5kg soya bean defibrination every mu of every day, filtered through gauze, and full pool spilling head after removing slag, every day 2-3 time, be 5-6 hour each interval time.

The soya-bean milk that (2) one Zhou Houke throw something and feed and do not filter.

(3) fifth phase Magna zoea larva progressively mixes the feeds such as No. four powder, fish meal and silkworm chrysalises in soya-bean milk, sees after young shrimp, can add a small amount of manufactured feed broken material.

(4) grow seedlings 7 days initial stages, pool water level 80cm, the new water after filtration of annotating every 2-3 days once, adds 15cm at every turn; Between nursery stage, use quicklime one time, concentration is every liter of 10mg.

(5) during shrimp seedling 1.0-1.2cm, the skewer that can dip net is caught (mid or late June is to July), should be chosen in and carry out morning, adopts the close net skewer collection seedling of catching or discharge water of surrounding and seize, dip net.

Empirical tests, presses the freshwater shrimp of different growing stage and throws in bait during described cultivation, be specially:

10-15 days after throwing in described freshwater shrimp seedling, mixes animal bait and vegetal bait in the ratio of 2-4: 6-8, water is splashed and thrown something and fed in described rice field surrounding after mixing thoroughly, and feeding volume is per hectare 14-16kg; After freshwater shrimp grows to average length and is 2cm, the artificial granular bait for fish that coordinates of the Prawn phase of throwing something and feeding, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day is the heavy 2%-3% of total shrimp; Become the shrimp phase to throw something and feed into the artificial particle that coordinates of shrimp phase, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day is the heavy 5%-8% of total shrimp; Daily ration, feeding quantity is all as the criterion to eat up in 2-3 after throwing something and feeding hour.Artificial cooperation granular bait for fish is the feed for shrimp aquaculture that sell in common market, has the artificial cooperation granular bait for fish of different times.As the Prawn phase in the present invention with become the artificial cooperation granular bait for fish of shrimp phase to buy to Zhejiang joyful feed limited company and Zhejiang boxing champion Industrial Co., Ltd..

Particularly, described animal bait is one or more in pig blood, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, fish meal; Described vegetal bait is one or more in beancake powder, soybean curb residue, barley meal.

In the cultivation later stage, be generally into the shrimp phase, and in order to improve feeding effect, the fresh bait feeding of can arranging in pairs or groups, as trash fish, freshwater mussel, spiral shell etc., throws something and feeds 2 times every day, 8:00-9:00 1/3rd of the daily ration of feeding of throwing something and feeding; 16:00-18:00 2/3rds of the daily ration of feeding of throwing something and feeding; In the growth busy season, 22:00 adds throwing 1 time later again, and adding throwing amount is 1/3rd of daily ration of feeding.

Preferably, described rice field be positioned at have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage position easily.Support shrimp rice field, running check water inlet and draining, water level and have or not the situation such as leak; Observe shrimp food, cast off a skin, grow and the situation such as movable, adhere to sooner or later respectively patrolling field 1 time, and carry out and patrol field record, when discovery ridge is leaky, should fills out and repair immediately.Meet when raining heavyly, prevent that flood from overflowing the ridge, ridge diabrosis or the phenomenon such as collapse, in order to avoid freshwater shrimp runs away.Often skim the dirts such as careless slag that assemble water inlet.In mid-August, to by the end of September, be the season that in shrimp 1 year, the easiest anoxic is raised the nose above water to breathe, now shrimp individuality is larger, and food, growth are all more vigorous, must increase at night and patrol the field number of times new water of regularly annotating, and prevents shrimp floating head.In addition, note to remove harmful animal, often drive and catch the freshwater shrimp harmful animals such as birds, water snake, kyllinga brevifolia, frog, swamp eel, water rat, forbid to tend ducks in field, the bird such as goose.

Freshwater shrimp can be before paddy rice harvesting harvesting, the freshwater shrimp that specification is little can be stayed Tanaka and be continued to raise.During harvesting, be generally the method by slowly discharging water, shrimp is driven in hole, then adopt the harvestings such as diddle-net, cage.

The disease of freshwater shrimp mainly contains fin rot, kwashiorkor, blue-green alge disease, black spot and crisp shell disease.

(1) fin rot claims again the black gill sick, and cardinal symptom is disease shrimp gill filament blackout, and part has mildew and rot.The cause of disease is because shrimp gill portion is corroded by mould, bacterium, causes gill portion impaired; At the bottom of pond, heavy metal is as copper too high levels, and copper poisoning can occur shrimp, and gill portion presents melanin deposition, and impact is breathed; Long-term lacking vitamin C, cannot carry out biochemical reaction in shrimp body, causes the thin and weak death of shrimp body.The sick available bleaching powder of the mould microbial black gill, the consumption by every cubic metre of breeding water body 2g, is dissolved in the water, full pool spilling head; The bacillary black gill disease causing can be used chlorine dioxide, by every cubic metre of breeding water body 0.5g, splashes; The black gill that heavy metal poisoning causes will change water in a large number, and the multicomponent organic acid of splashing during especially severe adds vitamin C and vitamin K in feed.

(2) cardinal symptom of kwashiorkor is that their early stage freshwater shrimp caudal peduncle color and luster reddens, and red color range is extended to whole belly gradually subsequently, finally has influence on cephalothorax and death.Mostly pathogenesis is to operate is not good at causing, this sick majority occurs in and throws seedling, removes open country, selects and catch rear 1-3 days.Main prevention method has: the one, and in throwing seedling, catching operation except wild, choosing, action wants light, and submersible, does not make shrimp laminate, roll and move; The 2nd, except wild, choosing, catch operation full pool spilling head the previous day stress spirit, except full pool spilling head disinfecting drug after operation is caught in wild, choosing.

(3) symptom of blue-green alge disease and the cause of disease are mainly the blue green algaes dwelling at some ends, when shrimps growths is slower water quality is not good, transparency is too high, are attached to shrimp surface, affects the feeding activity of shrimp, make the shrimp can not shell and death in the time of seriously.The conventional method of preventing and treating is: water transparency remains on 30-35cm, will select the fine day bio-bacterial manure breeding plankton of splashing the morning when transparency is high, reduces water transparence.Can be with the algae clever algae that goes out during especially severe, then the removing toxic substances of splashing is precious, water transfer training water again.

(4) symptom of black spot is: their early stage, the focus of freshwater shrimp is less foxiness, festers gradually later, finally becomes black.Conventionally at gill portion and belly, comprise step and pedes natatorii, be all with black or blackspot.Sick shrimp vigor subtracts greatly, or crouches in pool side in moribund condition.Mainly, because serious reduction zone is formed on bottom, shrimp culture pond, make some decompose the bacterium amount reproduction of crust and detritus and cause.To keep at ordinary times water quality good, execute if desired quicklime or improver of water quality.Careful operation while putting in a suitable place to breed, prevents the damage of freshwater shrimp crust, and notes breeding density, the feed of rationally throwing something and feeding.

(5) symptom of crisp shell disease is that shrimp shell is extremely coarse, is mainly that water quality, malnutrition cause calcium deficiency element in calcium deficiency or feed and cause.To strengthen at ordinary times shrimp pond water quality management, regularly use lime disinfection, and suitably in feed, increase the composition of calcium.

Embodiment 1

Rice field be positioned at have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage position easily, to after the Paddy fields of rice cultivation not, rake, in the rice field of raking, excavate the cultivation ditch communicating, cultivation ditch is " well " font, cultivation ditch width is 0.5m, the degree of depth is 0.8m, and with the earth excavating, builds up the ridge of high 45cm, wide 60cm in the surrounding of cultivation ditch;

Cultivation ditch is provided with water inlet and discharge outlet, and water inlet and described discharge outlet are respectively arranged with the device that prevents freshwater shrimp flight, be whole rice field area at water inlet excavated area 5% swag, and the degree of depth of swag is 110cm;

Adopt quicklime to sterilize to rice field, by quicklime water pulping, the whole rice field of evenly splashing, the consumption of quicklime is per hectare rice field 450kg;

The rice shoot of the reed rice varieties of 22 days is inserted in rice field after sterilization, and the density of rice shoot is 50 * 50cm;

Rice shoot is put freshwater shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed after turning green, the length of freshwater shrimp seedling is 1.0-1.2cm, and freshwater shrimp seedling 15.0 ten thousand tails are put in per hectare rice field in a suitable place to breed;

The freshwater shrimp of different growing stage is thrown in bait, and daily ration, feeding quantity is all as the criterion to eat up in 2-3 after throwing something and feeding hour, is specially:

After throwing in freshwater shrimp seedling 10 days, the ratio mixing by animal bait pig blood and vegetal bait beancake powder by 2: 8, water is splashed and is thrown something and fed in rice field surrounding after mixing thoroughly, and feeding volume is per hectare 14kg; After freshwater shrimp grows to average length and is 2cm, the artificial granular bait for fish that coordinates of the Prawn phase of throwing something and feeding, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day be total shrimp heavy 2%; Become the shrimp phase to throw something and feed into the artificial particle that coordinates of shrimp phase, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day be total shrimp heavy 5%.

In freshwater shrimp fast growing period, water level in paddy field remains on 60-70cm, keeps the pure and fresh of water quality simultaneously, first will adhere to refreshing the water periodically, and makes to cultivate water in ditch and keeps pure and fresh, the new water 1 time of generally annotating every 3 days; Take rich water as main early stage, rich water generally adopts animal wastes, animal wastes are first fermented, then via hole diameter is that sieve water that length and width are 0.5cm is rushed in row and filtered, discard the bulk impurity of staying above sieve, the ight soil of water punching is for rich water, and the transparency that makes to cultivate water in ditch is 25cm, and the middle and later periods makes the transparency of water reach 30cm; Also need can spill for every 10 days quicklime and carry out regulating water quality 1 time, usage amount is per hectare 75kg; In addition, at high temperature season, more want duty to change water, even if also will keep cultivating stable level in ditch when paddy rice is put field, have miniflow water better, can be freshwater shrimp a good ecotope is provided.

Embodiment 2

Rice field be positioned at have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage position easily, to after the Paddy fields of rice cultivation not, rake, in the rice field of raking, excavate the cultivation ditch communicating, cultivation ditch is " ten " font, cultivation ditch width is 0.7m, the degree of depth is 0.9m, and with the earth excavating, builds up the ridge of high 55cm, wide 75cm in the surrounding of cultivation ditch;

Cultivation ditch is provided with water inlet and discharge outlet, and water inlet and described discharge outlet are respectively arranged with the device that prevents freshwater shrimp flight, be whole rice field area at water inlet excavated area 7% swag, and the degree of depth of swag is 90cm;

Adopt quicklime to sterilize to rice field, by quicklime water pulping, the whole rice field of evenly splashing, the consumption of quicklime is per hectare rice field 520kg;

The rice shoot of the reed rice varieties of 25 days is inserted in rice field after sterilization, and the density of rice shoot is 60 * 60cm;

Rice shoot is put freshwater shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed after turning green, the length of freshwater shrimp seedling is 1.0-1.2cm, and freshwater shrimp seedling 200,000 tails are put in per hectare rice field in a suitable place to breed;

The freshwater shrimp of different growing stage is thrown in bait, and daily ration, feeding quantity is all as the criterion to eat up in 2-3 after throwing something and feeding hour, is specially:

After throwing in freshwater shrimp seedling 15 days, the ratio mixing by animal bait dried silkworm chrysalis meal and vegetal bait soybean curb residue by 3: 7, water is splashed and is thrown something and fed in rice field surrounding after mixing thoroughly, and feeding volume is per hectare 15kg; After freshwater shrimp grows to average length and is 2cm, the artificial granular bait for fish that coordinates of the Prawn phase of throwing something and feeding, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day be total shrimp heavy 3%; Become the shrimp phase to throw something and feed into the artificial particle that coordinates of shrimp phase, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day be total shrimp heavy 7%.

In freshwater shrimp fast growing period, water level in paddy field remains on 80-90cm, keeps the pure and fresh of water quality simultaneously, first will adhere to refreshing the water periodically, and makes to cultivate water in ditch and keeps pure and fresh, the new water 1 time of generally annotating every 4 days; Take rich water as main early stage, rich water generally adopts animal wastes, animal wastes are first fermented, then via hole diameter is that sieve water that length and width are 1cm is rushed in row and filtered, discard the bulk impurity of staying above sieve, the ight soil of water punching is for rich water, and the transparency that makes to cultivate water in ditch is 25cm, and the middle and later periods makes the transparency of water reach 35cm; Also need can spill for every 12 days quicklime and carry out regulating water quality 1 time, usage amount is per hectare 110kg; In addition, at high temperature season, more want duty to change water, even if also will keep cultivating stable level in ditch when paddy rice is put field, have miniflow water better, can be freshwater shrimp a good ecotope is provided.

Embodiment 3

Rice field be positioned at have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage position easily, to after the Paddy fields of rice cultivation not, rake, in the rice field of raking, excavate the cultivation ditch communicating, cultivation ditch is sphere of movements for the elephants shape, cultivation ditch width is 1.0m, the degree of depth is 1.0m, and with the earth excavating, builds up the ridge of high 70cm, wide 90cm in the surrounding of cultivation ditch;

Cultivation ditch is provided with water inlet and discharge outlet, and water inlet and described discharge outlet are respectively arranged with the device that prevents freshwater shrimp flight, be whole rice field area at water inlet excavated area 8% swag, and the degree of depth of swag is 110cm;

Adopt quicklime to sterilize to rice field, by quicklime water pulping, the whole rice field of evenly splashing, the consumption of quicklime is per hectare rice field 600kg;

The rice shoot of the reed rice varieties of 28 days is inserted in rice field after sterilization, and the density of rice shoot is 70 * 70cm;

Rice shoot is put freshwater shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed after turning green, the length of freshwater shrimp seedling is 1.0-1.2cm, and freshwater shrimp seedling 22.5 ten thousand tails are put in per hectare rice field in a suitable place to breed;

The freshwater shrimp of different growing stage is thrown in bait, and daily ration, feeding quantity is all as the criterion to eat up in 2-3 after throwing something and feeding hour, is specially:

After throwing in freshwater shrimp seedling 12 days, the ratio mixing by animal bait fish meal and vegetal bait barley meal by 4: 6, water is splashed and is thrown something and fed in rice field surrounding after mixing thoroughly, and feeding volume is per hectare 16kg; After freshwater shrimp grows to average length and is 2cm, the artificial granular bait for fish that coordinates of the Prawn phase of throwing something and feeding, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day be total shrimp heavy 2.5%; Become the shrimp phase to throw something and feed into the artificial particle that coordinates of shrimp phase, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day be total shrimp heavy 8%.

In freshwater shrimp fast growing period, water level in paddy field remains on 70-80cm, keeps the pure and fresh of water quality simultaneously, first will adhere to refreshing the water periodically, and makes to cultivate water in ditch and keeps pure and fresh, the new water 1 time of generally annotating every 5 days; Take rich water as main early stage, rich water generally adopts animal wastes, animal wastes are first fermented, then via hole diameter is that sieve water that length and width are 1.0cm is rushed in row and filtered, discard the bulk impurity of staying above sieve, the ight soil of water punching is for rich water, and the transparency that makes to cultivate water in ditch is 25cm, and the middle and later periods makes the transparency of water reach 40cm; Also need can spill for every 15 days quicklime and carry out regulating water quality 1 time, usage amount is per hectare 150kg; In addition, at high temperature season, more want duty to change water, even if also will keep cultivating stable level in ditch when paddy rice is put field, have miniflow water better, can be freshwater shrimp a good ecotope is provided.

Adopt above embodiment paddy field aquaculture freshwater shrimp, freshwater shrimp and paddy rice symbiosis are supported altogether, and paddy growth can be perched for freshwater shrimp, shell and sheltered situation; Rice Photosynthesis also can increase dissolved oxygen in water; Purify water, prevent water quality deterioration, improve cultivate water, be conducive to freshwater shrimp growth, improve freshwater shrimp quality; The insect pest of paddy rice obviously alleviates, and especially can use light trap to lure insect.The plant type of rice adopting is tall and big, and whole process can grow among the deep water of 1 meter, the original ecology cultivating pattern that basic employing is not sprayed medicine, do not applied fertilizer.Per mu yield freshwater shrimp 50-60kg, although freshwater shrimp is used artificial compound feed to raise,, the freshwater shrimp obtaining is the wild shrimp of pure natural, nutritive value is far above the freshwater shrimp of propagating artificially separately; The rice quality obtaining improves, and rice is of fine quality, appearance transparent, and glue denseness 70mm, amylose content 16.3%, the soft delicate fragrance of rice, is green natural paddy rice, paddy rice per mu yield 500kg left and right, brings very large income.

The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a method for rice field ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
To Paddy fields, then rake, in the described rice field of raking, excavate the cultivation ditch communicating, and with the earth excavating, build up the ridge of high 45-70cm, wide 60-90cm in the surrounding of described cultivation ditch;
Described cultivation ditch is provided with water inlet and discharge outlet, and described water inlet and described discharge outlet are respectively arranged with the device that prevents freshwater shrimp flight, the swag of the 5%-8% that is whole rice field area at described water inlet excavated area, and the degree of depth of described swag is 80-110cm;
Adopt quicklime to sterilize to described rice field;
Described rice field after sterilization inserts that stem stalk is sturdy, resistant to lodging, the rice shoot of disease resistance, resistance to fertility, Growth and yield is high in deep water rice varieties;
Described rice shoot is put freshwater shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed after turning green;
During cultivation, press the freshwater shrimp of different growing stage and throw in bait, keep the pure and fresh of water quality simultaneously.
2. the method for rice field according to claim 1 ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, is characterized in that, described cultivation ditch width is 0.5-1.0m, and the degree of depth is 0.8-1.0m.
3. the method for rice field according to claim 1 ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, is characterized in that, described cultivation ditch is " well " font or " ten " font or sphere of movements for the elephants shape.
4. the method for rice field according to claim 1 ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, is characterized in that, the consumption of described quicklime is per hectare rice field 450-600kg.
5. the method for rice field according to claim 4 ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, is characterized in that, by described quicklime water pulping, the whole rice field of evenly splashing.
6. the method for rice field according to claim 1 ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, is characterized in that, described rice varieties is reed rice.
7. the method for rice field according to claim 1 ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, is characterized in that, the length of described freshwater shrimp seedling is 1.0-1.2cm, and freshwater shrimp seedling 15.0-22.5 ten thousand tails are put in rice field in a suitable place to breed described in per hectare.
8. the method for rice field according to claim 6 ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, is characterized in that, presses the freshwater shrimp of different growing stage and throw in bait during described cultivation, is specially:
10-15 days after throwing in described freshwater shrimp seedling, mixes animal bait and vegetal bait in the ratio of 2-4: 6-8, water is splashed and thrown something and fed in described rice field surrounding after mixing thoroughly, and feeding volume is per hectare 14-16kg; After freshwater shrimp grows to average length and is 2cm, the artificial granular bait for fish that coordinates of the Prawn phase of throwing something and feeding, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day is the heavy 2%-3% of total shrimp; Become the shrimp phase to throw something and feed into the artificial particle that coordinates of shrimp phase, the daily ration, feeding quantity of every day is the heavy 5%-8% of total shrimp;
Daily ration, feeding quantity is all as the criterion to eat up in 2-3 after throwing something and feeding hour.
9. the method for rice field according to claim 8 ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp, is characterized in that, described animal bait is one or more in pig blood, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, fish meal; Described vegetal bait is one or more in beancake powder, soybean curb residue, barley meal.
10. according to the method for the rice field ecologic breeding freshwater shrimp described in claim 1-9 any one, it is characterized in that, in described freshwater shrimp fast growing period, more than water level in paddy field remains on 60cm.
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CN106069908A (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-11-09 苏州市金荒田农业科技有限公司 The cultural method of rice field astacus
CN106386603A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 陈冬林 One-season early rice and two-season freshwater shrimp rotation planting and breeding method capable of stabilizing grain income and increasing fishery income
CN106386303A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 陈冬林 One-season late rice and two-season freshwater shrimp mixing integral planting and breeding method capable of stabilizing grain income and increasing fishery income
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CN107211786A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-09-29 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 The construction method for the zoology breeding system that a kind of paddy rice and freshwater shrimp make altogether
CN107258411A (en) * 2017-06-20 2017-10-20 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 The method for supporting freshwater shrimp is covered in a kind of rice terrace

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CN104082253A (en) * 2014-07-24 2014-10-08 上海能淦水产专业合作社 Leech, snail and aquatic-plant mutualism barricading-fence high-yield breeding method
CN104521652A (en) * 2014-12-22 2015-04-22 安徽裕农生态农业发展有限公司 Paddy field for mixed culture
CN104885975A (en) * 2015-03-20 2015-09-09 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 Inner-periphery ridge building method for shrimp and rice joint culturing mode
CN104814328A (en) * 2015-05-14 2015-08-05 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑美水产生态养殖专业合作社 Organic freshwater shrimp bait
CN105145474A (en) * 2015-08-11 2015-12-16 皖西学院 Grass-fish-duck stereoscopic ecological culturing method
CN106069908A (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-11-09 苏州市金荒田农业科技有限公司 The cultural method of rice field astacus
CN106386603A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 陈冬林 One-season early rice and two-season freshwater shrimp rotation planting and breeding method capable of stabilizing grain income and increasing fishery income
CN106386303A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 陈冬林 One-season late rice and two-season freshwater shrimp mixing integral planting and breeding method capable of stabilizing grain income and increasing fishery income
CN106386308A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 陈冬林 One-season late rice and one-season freshwater shrimp rotation integral planting and breeding method capable of stabilizing grain income and increasing fishery income
CN106386604A (en) * 2016-09-06 2017-02-15 六安市裕安区康之源芡实种植专业合作社 Special aquaculture method for ecological freshwater shrimps
CN106386609A (en) * 2016-10-13 2017-02-15 盘锦光合蟹业有限公司 Rice and palaemonetes sinensis breeding method
CN107258411A (en) * 2017-06-20 2017-10-20 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 The method for supporting freshwater shrimp is covered in a kind of rice terrace
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