CN112279753A - 一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112279753A
CN112279753A CN202011178976.XA CN202011178976A CN112279753A CN 112279753 A CN112279753 A CN 112279753A CN 202011178976 A CN202011178976 A CN 202011178976A CN 112279753 A CN112279753 A CN 112279753A
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吴范宏
任洁
吴晶晶
付晓艺
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种γ‑溴‑β,γ‑烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,该方法为:将式(IV)所示的化合物和对应的炔烃溶解在丙酮中,加入双三苯基膦二氯化钴、1,2‑双(二苯基膦基)苯、锌粉和水在N2保护下进行反应,得到的反应液经过滤、浓缩、分离后得到式(V)所示化合物,即γ‑溴‑β,γ‑烯基氟代酮衍生物;
Figure DDA0002749547480000011
其中,R1为苯基,取代苯基,杂环,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,氟,溴,三氟甲基,甲基或甲氧基中的一种或几种;R2为苯基或取代苯基,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,溴,氯,甲基或乙基中的一种或几种。与现有技术相比,本发明产率高,经济适用性强,制备方法简便,易于操作,反应条件温和,且适用于工业生产,可应用于药物的设计合成。

Description

一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成领域,具体涉及一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法。
背景技术
在化合物分子结构中引入氟原子通常会引起其物理、化学性能以及药理生理活性的改变,基于氟原子的特殊性质,在化合物中引入氟原子一直是药物合成的研究热点。炔烃的加成来获取含氟烯烃化合物是常见的方法,且研究发现多取代含氟烯烃类化合物都具备一定的生物活性。因此发现新的和更有效的引发剂体系及其在有机合成中的应用是很有必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种钴催化的由炔烃制备γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的简单方法。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,该方法为:将式(IV)所示的化合物和对应的炔烃溶解在丙酮中,加入双三苯基膦二氯化钴、1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯、锌粉和水在N2保护下进行反应,得到的反应液经过滤、浓缩、分离后得到式(V)所示化合物,即γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮衍生物;
Figure BDA0002749547470000011
其中,R1为苯基,取代苯基,杂环,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,氟,溴,三氟甲基,甲基或甲氧基中的一种或几种;R2为苯基或取代苯基,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,溴,氯,甲基或乙基中的一种或几种。
进一步地,所述的化合物(IV)、炔烃、双三苯基膦二氯化钴、1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯的摩尔比为1:(1.2-1.5):0.05:0.05。
进一步地,所述的反应温度为室温,反应时间为1-2h。
进一步地,浓缩后,将所得的浓缩物以体积比石油醚/乙酸乙酯=(300-100): 1为洗脱剂,进行柱层析分离。
进一步地,所述的化合物(IV)采用以下方法制备:将式(III)所示的化合物置于反应容器中,加入LiBr、Selectfluor和Et3N的THF溶液,进行反应,将所得的反应液经萃取,浓缩,分离,得到式(IV)所示的化合物;
Figure BDA0002749547470000021
其中,R1为苯基,取代苯基,杂环,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,氟,溴,三氟甲基,甲基或甲氧基中的一种或几种。
进一步地,所述的反应温度为室温,反应时间为0.5-1h。
进一步地,所述的浓缩后,将浓缩物以体积比石油醚/乙酸乙酯=(300-200): 1为洗脱剂,进行柱层析分离。
进一步地,所述的化合物(III)、LiBr、Selectfluor和Et3N的摩尔比为1: (6.0-6.4):2.0:2.0。
进一步地,所述的式(III)所示的化合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)以式(I)所示的含甲基酮类化合物和三氟乙酸乙酯为原料,以无水THF 为溶剂,NaH为引发剂,在室温下进行反应,将得到的反应液经萃取,干燥,浓缩得到式(II)所示的化合物;
(2)以式(II)所示的化合物为原料加入三水合硝酸铜,以乙腈为溶剂,反应后,再在-20℃环境下加入Selectfluor,将得到的反应液经萃取,干燥,浓缩,提纯得到式(III)所示的化合物;
Figure BDA0002749547470000031
其中:R1为苯基,取代苯基,杂环,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,氟,溴,三氟甲基,甲基或甲氧基中的一种或几种。
进一步地,步骤(2)中所述的反应时间为2h。
与现有技术相比,本发明产率高,经济适用性强,制备方法简便,易于操作,反应条件温和,且适用于工业生产,可应用于药物的设计合成。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
化合物(IV):2-氟-2-溴-1-苯基乙烷-1-酮的制备
Figure BDA0002749547470000032
(1)重要中间体化合物(II)的合成
在干燥的250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入60%的NaH 4.0g(0.1mol),加入干燥适量的无水乙醚,并且均匀搅拌,之后称取苯乙4.8g(40mmol)和7.1g (50mmol)三氟乙酸乙酯,用适量的无水乙醚进行稀释,稀释完毕后,用恒压滴液漏斗,逐滴加入上述溶液,滴加完毕后,在室温下反应2h,用层析板跟踪检测,直到反应完全。反应完之后经过冷却,淬灭,萃取,洗涤、干燥和过滤等后处理,用旋转蒸发仪旋干滤液得到产品粗品。
(2)重要中间体化合物(III)的合成
将上述粗品化合物(II)加入干燥的250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入三水合硝酸铜 1.9g(8mmol),加入适量的乙腈并溶解,在室温下搅拌2h,将烧瓶放入冷井中搅拌,称取选择性氟化试剂selectfluor(48mmol,17g)溶解在50mL乙腈和4mL水的溶剂中,用恒压滴液漏斗加入上述烧瓶内,加料完毕后,在-20℃下反应6h,用层析板跟踪检测,直到反应完全,反应完之后温热至室温,经过滤,萃取,洗涤、干燥等后处理,用旋转蒸发仪旋干滤液得到产品粗品。
(3)化合物(IV)的合成
将上述粗品(III)加入干燥的250mL圆底烧瓶中,再加入干燥的四氢呋喃,搅拌至充分溶解,后加入无水溴化锂(256mmol,22.2g,6equiv),搅拌均匀后,接着加入selectfluor(80mmol,28.3g,2equiv),加料完毕后继续搅拌10min后,逐滴滴加三乙胺(80mmol,8g,2equiv),加料完毕后,室温下搅拌反应30min,用层析板跟踪检测,直到反应完全,反应完之后经过过滤,萃取,洗涤、干燥等后处理,用旋转蒸发仪旋干滤液得到产品粗品,旋干滤液得粗品,用体积比 PE:EA=100:1的洗脱液经柱层析进行分离,最终得到白色固体,即化合物(IV) (收率60%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.96(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.31(d,J=7.9Hz, 2H),7.18(d,J=51.1Hz,1H),2.44(s,3H)ppm,19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3):δ -152.0(d,J=48.9Hz,1F)ppm.
实施例1
2-氟-4-溴-1,4-二苯基丁-3-烯-1-酮的制备
Figure BDA0002749547470000041
称取2-氟-2-溴-1-苯基乙烷-1-酮(2.17g,0.01mol)置于250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入苯乙炔(1.23g,0.012mol),双二苯基膦二氯化钴(33mg,0.1mmol), 1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯(22mg,0.1mmol),锌粉(0.65g,0.01mol)以及30ml 丙酮1mL水,抽真空氮气回填三次后,在常温搅拌1小时后,TLC监测反应完全。抽滤,所得混合物分别用50mL,40mL,40mL的乙酸乙酯萃取三次,收集合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥30分钟。过滤,减压蒸馏浓缩后的有机相用石油醚:乙酸乙酯=(200-100):1的洗脱剂进行柱层析分离,最后得到淡黄色油状液体(收率81%,Z/E=0.6:1)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ7.80(d,J=7.80Hz,2H),7.56–7.63(m, 1H),7.5–7.53(m,2H),7.24–7.46(m,3H),7.35–7.36(m,2H),6.48–6.52(m, 1H),5.81(dd,J=10,45Hz,1H);(Z):δ8.07(d,J=8.07Hz,2H),7.56–7.63(m,3 H),7.5–7.53(m,2H),7.24–7.46(m,3H),6.57(dd,J=10,50Hz,1H),6.48– 6.52(m,1H);
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ193.30(d,J=22Hz),137.09(d,J=3 Hz),134.23(d,J=12Hz),133.78,133.34(d,J=15Hz),130.05,129.03(d,J=3 Hz),129.03(d,J=3Hz),128.92,128.92,128.75(d,J=4Hz),128.75(d,J=4Hz), 127.91(d,J=2Hz),127.91(d,J=2Hz),126.09(d,J=20Hz),89.32(d,J=180 Hz);(Z):δ193.22(d,J=21Hz),138.23(d,J=2Hz),134.72(d,J=13Hz),134.29, 133.95,130.05,129.03(d,J=3Hz),129.03(d,J=3Hz),128.75(d,J=4Hz), 128.75(d,J=4Hz),128.53,128.53,127.91(d,J=2Hz),127.91(d,J=2Hz), 123.23(d,J=21Hz),91.57(d,J=178Hz);
19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ-170.55(dd,J=48.1,6.1Hz);(Z):δ -178.37(dd,J=46.9,9.2Hz).
实施例2
2-氟-4-溴-1-对甲苯基-4-苯基丁-3-烯-1-酮的制备
Figure BDA0002749547470000051
称取2-氟-2-溴-1-对甲苯基乙烷-1-酮(2.31g,0.01mol)置于250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入苯乙炔(1.23g,0.012mol),双二苯基膦二氯化钴(33mg, 0.1mmol),1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯(22mg,0.1mmol),锌粉(0.65g,0.01mol) 以及30ml丙酮1mL水,抽真空氮气回填三次后,在常温搅拌1小时后,TLC 监测反应完全。抽滤,所得混合物分别用50mL,40mL,40mL的乙酸乙酯萃取三次,收集合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥30分钟。过滤,减压蒸馏浓缩后的有机相用石油醚:乙酸乙酯=(200-100):1的洗脱剂进行柱层析分离,最后得到淡黄色油状液体(收率72%,Z/E=0.65:1)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ7.69(d,J=5Hz,2H),7.51–7.52(m, 2H),7.44–7.48(m,3H),7.23(d,J=5Hz,2H),6.45–6.49(m,1H),5.79(dd,J= 10,50Hz,1H),2.40(s,3H);(Z):δ7.98(d,J=10Hz,2H),7.55–7.57(m,2H),7.33 –7.36(m,3H),7.23(d,J=5Hz,2H),6.55(dd,J=5,45Hz,1H),6.45–6.49(m, 1H),2.42(s,3H);
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ192.87(d,J=21.25Hz),145.32, 137.13(d,J=2.5Hz),133.13(d,J=15Hz),131.26,130.03,129.49,129.49, 129.14(d,J=2.5Hz),129.14(d,J=2.5Hz),128.92(d,J=2.5Hz),128.92(d,J =2.5Hz),128.73,128.73,126.35(d,J=21.25Hz),89.24(d,J=180Hz),21.80;(Z): δ192.77(d,J=21.25Hz),145.42,138.26(d,J=2.5Hz),134.51(d,J=12.5Hz), 131.48,130.06,129.63,129.63,129.04(d,J=2.5Hz),129.04(d,J=2.5Hz), 128.53,128.53,127.91(d,J=2.5Hz),127.91(d,J=2.5Hz),123.47(d,J=21.25 Hz),91.49(d,J=102.5Hz),21.80;
19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ-178.43(dd,J=48.88,7.52Hz);(Z):δ -170.69(dd,J=48.88,7.52Hz);
实施例3
2-氟-4-溴-1-(4-(甲氧基)苯基)-4-苯基丁-3-烯-1-酮的制备
Figure BDA0002749547470000061
称取2-氟-2-溴-1-(4-(甲氧基)苯基)乙烷-1-酮(2.47g,0.01mol)置于250mL 圆底烧瓶中,加入苯乙炔(1.23g,0.012mol),双二苯基膦二氯化钴(33mg, 0.1mmol),1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯(22mg,0.1mmol),锌粉(0.65g,0.01mol) 以及30ml丙酮1mL水,抽真空氮气回填三次后,在常温搅拌1小时后,TLC 监测反应完全。抽滤,所得混合物分别用50mL,40mL,40mL的乙酸乙酯萃取三次,收集合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥30分钟。过滤,减压蒸馏浓缩后的有机相用石油醚:乙酸乙酯=(200-100):1的洗脱剂进行柱层析分离,最后得到淡黄色油状液体(收率78%,Z/E=1:1)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ7.77–7.81(m,2H),7.50–7.53(m, 2H),7.34–7.36(m,3H),6.87–6.91(m,2H),6.46–6.50(m,1H),5.75(dd,J= 10,50Hz,1H),3.86(s,3H);(Z):δ8.05–8.07(m,2H),7.55–7.59(m,2H),7.44 –7.47(m,3H),6.96–6.99(m,2H),6.55(dd,J=8,28Hz,1H),6.46–6.50(m, 1H),3.88(s,3H);
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ191.59(d,J=22Hz),145.30,137.10(d,J =3Hz),132.93(d,J=14Hz),132.93(d,J=14Hz),131.32(d,J=2Hz),128.92(d, J=2Hz),128.49,128.49,127.88(d,J=1Hz),126.68,126.68,123.61(d,J=20 Hz),113.99,113.99,89.22(d,J=179Hz),55.56;(Z):δ191.54(d,J=20Hz), 145.42,138.24(d,J=3Hz),134.30(d,J=13Hz),134.30(d,J=13Hz),131.45(d, J=4Hz),129.99(d,J=3Hz),128.68,128.68,127.88(d,J=1Hz),126.67,126.67, 126.47(d,J=19Hz),114.14,114.14,91.36(d,J=177Hz),55.56;
19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ-169.90(dd,J=48.88,7.52Hz);(Z):δ -177.88–-178.03(m);
实施例4
2-氟-4-溴-1-苯基-4-(对甲苯基)丁-3-烯-1-酮的制备
Figure BDA0002749547470000071
称取2-氟-2-溴-1-苯基乙烷-1-酮(2.17g,0.01mol)置于250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入4-甲基苯乙炔(1.39g,0.012mol),双二苯基膦二氯化钴(33mg, 0.1mmol),1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯(22mg,0.1mmol),锌粉(0.65g,0.01mol) 以及30ml丙酮1mL水,抽真空氮气回填三次后,在常温搅拌1小时后,TLC 监测反应完全。抽滤,所得混合物分别用50mL,40mL,40mL的乙酸乙酯萃取三次,收集合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥30分钟。过滤,减压蒸馏浓缩后的有机相用石油醚:乙酸乙酯=(200-100):1的洗脱剂进行柱层析分离,最后得到淡黄色油状液体(收率66%,Z/E=0.72:1)
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ7.83(d,J=10Hz,2H),7.60–7.66(m, 2H),7.43–7.46(m,3H),7.28–7.29(m,2H),6.45–6.51(m,1H),5.85(dd,J= 10,50Hz,1H),2.44(S,3H);(Z):δ8.09(d,J=5Hz,2H),7.51–7.55(m,2H), 7.47–7.49(m,3H),7.18(d,J=10Hz),6.60(dd,J=10,45Hz,1H),6.45–6.51 (m,1H),2.38(S,3H);
13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ193.34(d,J=22.5Hz),140.37,134.15, 133.93(d,J=16.25Hz),133.77(d,J=6.25Hz),129.41,129.04(d,J=3.75Hz), 129.04(d,J=3.75Hz),128.90(d,J=2.5Hz),128.90(d,J=2.5Hz),128.77, 128.77,127.84(d,J=2.5Hz),127.84(d,J=2.5Hz),125.68(d,J=18.75Hz), 91.66(d,J=177.5Hz),21.41;(Z):δ193.31(d,J=20Hz),140.46,135.41(d,J= 2.5Hz),135.02(d,J=12.5Hz),134.26,129.21,129.04(d,J=3.75Hz),129.04(d, J=3.75Hz),128.93(d,J=3.75Hz),128.93(d,J=3.75Hz),128.87,128.87, 127.84(d,J=2.5Hz),127.84(d,J=2.5Hz),122.26(d,J=20Hz),89.40(d,J= 178.75Hz),21.23;
19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ-169.90(dd,J=48.88,7.52Hz);(Z):δ -178.03–-177.88(m);
实施例5
2-氟-4-溴-1-苯基-4-(4-氯苯基)丁-3-烯-1-酮的制备
Figure BDA0002749547470000081
称取2-氟-2-溴-1-苯基乙烷-1-酮(2.17g,0.01mol)置于250mL圆底烧瓶中,加入4-氯苯乙炔(1.64g,0.012mol),双二苯基膦二氯化钴(33mg, 0.1mmol),1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯(22mg,0.1mmol),锌粉(0.65g,0.01mol) 以及30ml丙酮1mL水,抽真空氮气回填三次后,在常温搅拌1小时后,TLC 监测反应完全。抽滤,所得混合物分别用50mL,40mL,40mL的乙酸乙酯萃取三次,收集合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥30分钟。过滤,减压蒸馏浓缩后的有机相用石油醚:乙酸乙酯=(200-100):1的洗脱剂进行柱层析分离,最后得到淡黄色油状液体(收率62%,Z/E=1.2:1)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ7.82(d,J=8Hz,2H),7.26–7.66(m, 7H),6.46–6.55(m,1H),5.73(dd,J=12,48Hz,1H);(Z):δ8.06(d,J=8Hz,2H), 7.26–7.66(m,7H),6.52(dd,J=8,44Hz,1H),6.46–6.55(m,1H);
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ193.23(d,J=22Hz),136.18,135.48(d, J=3Hz),134.28,133.73(d,J=2Hz),131.80(d,J=14Hz),130.31(d,J=2Hz), 130.31(d,J=2Hz),129.10,129.10,128.99(d,J=1Hz),128.99(d,J=1Hz), 128.83,128.83,126.69(d,J=20Hz),89.27(d,J=181Hz);(Z):δ193.06(d,J=21 Hz),136.67(d,J=3Hz),136.18,134.37,133.92(d,J=1Hz),133.13(d,J=13 Hz),129.16(d,J=2Hz),129.16(d,J=2Hz),129.06,129.06,128.95(d,J=2Hz), 128.95(d,J=2Hz),128.73,128.73,123.75(d,J=21Hz),91.42(d,J=178Hz);
19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3):(E):δ-169.60(dd,J=48.88,7.52Hz);(Z):δ -178.13–-177.98(m)。

Claims (10)

1.一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法为:将式(IV)所示的化合物和对应的炔烃溶解在丙酮中,加入双三苯基膦二氯化钴、1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯、锌粉和水在N2保护下进行反应,得到的反应液经过滤、浓缩、分离后得到式(V)所示化合物,即γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮衍生物;
Figure FDA0002749547460000011
其中,R1为苯基,取代苯基,杂环,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,氟,溴,三氟甲基,甲基或甲氧基中的一种或几种;R2为苯基或取代苯基,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,溴,氯,甲基或乙基中的一种或几种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的化合物(IV)、炔烃、双三苯基膦二氯化钴、1,2-双(二苯基膦基)苯的摩尔比为1:(1.2-1.5):0.05:0.05。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的反应温度为室温,反应时间为1-2h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,浓缩后,将所得的浓缩物以体积比石油醚/乙酸乙酯=(300-100):1为洗脱剂,进行柱层析分离。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的化合物(IV)采用以下方法制备:将式(III)所示的化合物置于反应容器中,加入LiBr、Selectfluor和Et3N的THF溶液,进行反应,将所得的反应液经萃取,浓缩,分离,得到式(IV)所示的化合物;
Figure FDA0002749547460000012
其中,R1为苯基,取代苯基,杂环,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,氟,溴,三氟甲基,甲基或甲氧基中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的反应温度为室温,反应时间为0.5-1h。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的浓缩后,将浓缩物以体积比石油醚/乙酸乙酯=(300-200):1为洗脱剂,进行柱层析分离。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的化合物(III)、LiBr、Selectfluor和Et3N的摩尔比为1:(6.0-6.4):2.0:2.0。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的式(III)所示的化合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)以式(I)所示的含甲基酮类化合物和三氟乙酸乙酯为原料,以无水THF为溶剂,NaH为引发剂,在室温下进行反应,将得到的反应液经萃取,干燥,浓缩得到式(II)所示的化合物;
(2)以式(II)所示的化合物为原料加入三水合硝酸铜,以乙腈为溶剂,反应后,再在-20℃环境下加入Selectfluor,将得到的反应液经萃取,干燥,浓缩,提纯得到式(III)所示的化合物;
Figure FDA0002749547460000021
其中:R1为苯基,取代苯基,杂环,取代苯基中的取代基选自氢,氟,溴,三氟甲基,甲基或甲氧基中的一种或几种。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种γ-溴-β,γ-烯基氟代酮类衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述的反应时间为2h。
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