CN112166847A - Efficient propagation method of snow fruits - Google Patents
Efficient propagation method of snow fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN112166847A CN112166847A CN202011095876.0A CN202011095876A CN112166847A CN 112166847 A CN112166847 A CN 112166847A CN 202011095876 A CN202011095876 A CN 202011095876A CN 112166847 A CN112166847 A CN 112166847A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient reproduction method of snow fruits, and belongs to the technical field of cultivation of the snow fruits. According to the method, the branch selection, the branch treatment, the matrix proportion, the hormone treatment and the later management are researched, and through a comparison test in the aspects of the branch selection, the matrix proportion and the hormone treatment, the method for carrying out annual high-efficiency propagation on the snow fruits by selecting the tender branches of the tip sections of the snow fruits as the cuttings, the proper matrix proportion and the proper hormone treatment is invented in a breakthrough manner, the rooting rate can reach 100% at most, and the defect that the selection of the traditional propagation materials of the snow fruits can only select hard branches and is limited by seasons is overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of snow fruits, and particularly relates to an efficient snow fruit propagation method.
Background
Fructus Mali Asiaticae (Symphocarpus sinensis Rehd.), upright shrub of genus Thamnolia of family Caprifoliaceae with height of 2.5m, tender and slender tender branches, short villus, reddish brown, full-edged leaves, rhombus egg-shaped to egg-shaped, length of 1.5-2.5cm, width of 1.2-1.8cm, upper green, lower gray, white flower, and length of 5-7 mm. The fruits are oval, 7-10 mm long, white frost, and the fruit period is 9-11 months. The snow fruit is a fruit-viewing plant with great ornamental value, the main ornamental value is fruit viewing, the branches of the plant are full of ginkgo in each fruit period, and the snow fruit can be used as an excellent fruit-viewing potted plant and branch cutting material in gardening production, thereby enriching the variety of the fruit-viewing plant.
At present, the propagation rooting rate of the snow fruits is low, and the selection of the hard branches is generally limited by seasons, so that an efficient propagation method which is not influenced by the seasons is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-efficiency propagation method of the snow fruits. According to the method, the high-efficiency propagation method most suitable for the snow fruits is explored through research on snow fruit branch material selection, branch treatment, matrix proportioning, hormone treatment and later management, and basic conditions are provided for horticultural and commercial application of the snow fruits.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an efficient reproduction method of snow fruits comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: collecting tender branch tips of the snow fruits;
(2) preparing ears;
(3) preparing a matrix: vermiculite and perlite in a volume ratio of 3:2 are used as substrates;
(4) hormone treatment: soaking the tender branch tip section cut for 0.5-1h by using 50-100mg/L NAA +100-150mg/L IAA;
(5) cutting;
(6) and (3) post-insertion treatment: irrigating the cutting and the nearby matrix with more than 30ml of 50-100mg/L NAA +100-150mg/L IAA solution every 3-4 days after cutting, and irrigating for 2-4 times;
(7) and (5) performing post-management.
Further, before picking the spikes at the tender branch tips of the snow fruits in the step (1), performing black covering treatment for 24-48 h.
Further, in the step (2), leaves below 3-4cm of the tail end of the collected tip section are removed, terminal buds and surrounding leaves are reserved, and 2-3 nodes of the whole cutting shoot are reserved.
Furthermore, the pruned cutting slips are put into water for moisture preservation, then are soaked in a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 800-.
Further, the substrate prepared in the step (3) is placed in a cuttage container.
Furthermore, the cuttage container is evenly sprayed and disinfected on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hole tray by adopting 800-.
Furthermore, the concentration of NAA is 50mg/L, and the concentration of IAA is 100 mg/L.
Further, the conditions of the post-management in the step (7) are as follows: the temperature is 22-28 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 2000-.
The invention also provides application of the efficient propagation method in the technical field of snow fruit cultivation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the branch selection, the branch treatment, the matrix proportion, the hormone treatment and the later management are researched, and through a comparison test in the aspects of the branch selection, the matrix proportion and the hormone treatment, the method for carrying out annual high-efficiency propagation on the snow fruits by selecting the tender branches of the tip sections of the snow fruits as the cuttings, the proper matrix proportion and the proper hormone treatment is invented in a breakthrough manner, the rooting rate can reach 100% at most, and the defect that the selection of the traditional propagation of the snow fruits is limited by seasons is overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the shoot section of the cutting in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a graph of E2 groups of cuttings in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph of E3 groups of cuttings in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph of E2 groups of cuttings in example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for efficiently propagating snow fruits, which comprises the following steps:
(1) test materials
Collecting strong-growing tender branches of the snow fruits without diseases and insect pests as cutting slips. The watering frequency and the watering amount are gradually reduced 1 month before the collection of the cuttings, and the watering is stopped 7-10 days before the collection of the cuttings, so that the pot soil is slightly dried, the lengthening and the growth of the branches are facilitated to be slowed down, and the branches are stronger.
(2) Cuttage container
A special plug tray for cuttage of 50-hole forest trees is used as a cuttage container, and 800-fold 1000-time potassium permanganate solution is uniformly sprayed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the plug tray for disinfection.
(3) Base material proportion
According to the different cuttage substrate ratios in the table 1, cuttage is found, tender branch tip segments are adopted, vermiculite and perlite in a volume ratio of 3:2 are used as substrates, and a hormone treatment mode is as follows: the cut is soaked for 0.5h by using NAA (50mg/L) + IAA (100mg/L), then cuttage is carried out, 30ml of NAA (50mg/L) + IAA (100mg/L) solution is poured into the cutting slips and the nearby matrix every 3d after the cuttage, the watering is carried out for 2 times totally, the rooting rate of the test number A3 is 100%, and the rooting rate is obviously superior to that of the cuttage matrix prepared from other proportions.
TABLE 1 Effect of different cutting substrates on rooting of snow fruit cuttings
(4) Substrate preparation
Spraying 800-powered 1000-time potassium permanganate solution on the surface of the substrate, filling the substrate into a hole tray one day before cuttage, compacting, fully watering and fully watering for later use.
(5) Ear plucker
Before picking the ears, shading for 24-48h to promote the secretion of endogenous hormones in the shoot tips of the young branches. When picking ears, the hands and the ear picking knives are disinfected by using 75% alcohol, then ear picking is carried out, and the hands and the ear picking knives are disinfected by using 75% alcohol for 1 time every half an hour.
The concentration ranges of the NAA and the IAA selected in the first pre-test are respectively NAA:0-300mg/L + IAA:0-300mg/L, vermiculite and perlite in a volume ratio of 3:2 are used as matrixes, the hormone treatment mode is that NAA + IAA is used for soaking cuts for 0.5h, then the cutting of the snow fruit shoot segments is carried out, 30ml of NAA + IAA solution with the same concentration is irrigated to the cutting slips and the nearby matrixes every 3d after cutting, the irrigating is carried out for 2 times, the test results are shown in table 2, and finally the concentration ranges of the NAA and the IAA are respectively determined to be NAA:0-100mg/L + IAA:100 and 200 mg/L.
TABLE 2 Effect of different hormone concentrations on rooting of the cuttings of snow fruits
| Test number | NAA(mg/L) | IAA(mg/L) | Rooting percentage (%) |
| B1 | 0 | 0 | 10.08 |
| B2 | 0 | 100 | 76.32 |
| B3 | 0 | 200 | 78.85 |
| B4 | 0 | 300 | 72.47 |
| B5 | 100 | 0 | 72.70 |
| B6 | 100 | 100 | 87.63 |
| B7 | 100 | 200 | 85.50 |
| B8 | 100 | 300 | 83.19 |
| B9 | 200 | 0 | 69.50 |
| B10 | 200 | 100 | 70.15 |
| B11 | 200 | 200 | 66.37 |
| B12 | 200 | 300 | 68.21 |
| B13 | 300 | 0 | 66.28 |
| B14 | 300 | 100 | 68.72 |
| B15 | 300 | 200 | 59.21 |
| B16 | 300 | 300 | 56.77 |
The concentration ranges of the NAA and the IAA selected in the second preliminary test are respectively 0-100mg/L of NAA +100 IAA + 200mg/L of IAA, the operation is the same as the first preliminary test, the result is shown in Table 3, and the NAA of 50mg/L +100 mg/L of IAA is shown in Table 3, so that the rooting effect is best and can reach 100%.
TABLE 3 Effect of different hormone concentrations on rooting of the cuttings of snow fruits
| Test number | NAA(mg/L) | IAA(mg/L) | Rooting percentage (%) |
| C1 | 0 | 100 | 78.32 |
| C2 | 0 | 150 | 79.31 |
| C3 | 0 | 200 | 78.85 |
| C4 | 50 | 100 | 100 |
| C5 | 50 | 150 | 97.23 |
| C6 | 50 | 200 | 93.65 |
| C7 | 100 | 100 | 90.53 |
| C8 | 100 | 150 | 88.83 |
| C9 | 100 | 200 | 87.37 |
Vermiculite and perlite in a volume ratio of 3:2 are used as substrates, the hormone treatment mode is that NAA (50mg/L) + IAA (100mg/L) is used for soaking the cut for 0.5h, then cuttage is carried out, 30ml of NAA (50mg/L) + IAA (100mg/L) solution is poured into the cutting slips and the nearby substrates every 3d after the cuttage, the watering is carried out for 2 times, and the test results are shown in table 2. As can be seen from table 4, the selected positions of the cuttings are different, and the rooting rates of the shoots are different, respectively, 65% of the middle-section rooting rate, 50% of the basal-section rooting rate, and 100% of the highest-section rooting rate (test No. D1).
TABLE 4 influence of different scion positions on rooting of the cutting of the snow fruits
(6) Ear-making
Leaves 3-4cm below the end of the collected tip are removed, the terminal bud and surrounding leaves are retained, and 2-3 nodes of the whole cutting are retained, as shown in figure 1. And putting the pruned cutting slips into water for moisturizing, then soaking the cut parts with 800-fold and 1000-fold potassium permanganate solution for disinfection and sterilization for 30min, and then cleaning with clear water.
(7) Hormone treatment
On the basis of tests of different scion picking positions and different cutting matrix ratios in the early stage, tender branch tip segments are used as cutting shoots, and vermiculite and perlite with a matrix volume ratio of 3:2 are used as matrixes for tests. After treatment with different hormones, the cells were inserted at a depth of 3-4cm into a matrix prepared one day in advance. In the test, 20 cuttings are processed for each time and are repeated for 3 times, and the rooting conditions including rooting rate, average root number and average root length are counted after 40 days of all processing. In a contrast test, the modes of removing cutting shoots are different, the material source and position, cutting matrix, post management and the like are kept consistent, wherein the cut of the E1 group and the E2 group is soaked for 0.5h by using NAA (50mg/L) + IAA (100mg/L) before cutting, and the cut of the E3 group is soaked for 0.5h by using clear water; after the E2 group and the E3 group were inserted, 30ml of NAA (50mg/L) + IAA (100mg/L) solution was poured into the cutting and the neighboring medium every 3 days for a total of 2 times. Table 5 the test results show that: the rooting rate, average root number and average root length of the E2 group are all better than those of the E1 group and the E3 group, wherein the cutting seedlings of the E2 group are shown in figure 2, and the cutting seedlings of the E3 group are shown in figure 3.
TABLE 5 Effect of different hormone treatment modes on rooting of snow fruit cuttings
(8) Post management
After hormone treatment and cuttage are finished, the seedlings are placed in a greenhouse for daily management for high-efficiency production, the temperature is 22-28 ℃, the illumination intensity is 2000-. About 15 days after cutting, root tips began to appear, and after 40 days, the roots of all the snowberries in the E2 group could cluster the matrix, as shown in FIG. 4. Then transplanting and potting to obtain a snow fruit potted plant, and performing daily maintenance, wherein the survival rate can reach 100%.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The efficient propagation method of the snow fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: collecting tender branch tips of the snow fruits;
(2) preparing ears;
(3) preparing a matrix: vermiculite and perlite in a volume ratio of 3:2 are used as substrates;
(4) hormone treatment: soaking the tender branch tip section cut for 0.5-1h by using 50-100mg/LNAA +100-150mg/L IAA;
(5) cutting;
(6) and (3) post-insertion treatment: irrigating the cutting and the nearby matrix with more than 30ml of 50-100mg/LNAA +100-150mg/L IAA solution every 3-4 days after cutting, and irrigating for 2-4 times in total;
(7) and (5) performing post-management.
2. The efficient propagation method of the snow fruits as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), before the tender branch tips of the snow fruits are harvested, the snow fruits are subjected to black covering treatment for 24-48 h.
3. The efficient fruit propagation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the collected leaves below 3-4cm away from the end of the tip section are removed, the terminal bud and the surrounding leaves are retained, and 2-3 knots of the whole cutting shoot are retained.
4. The efficient propagation method of snow fruits as recited in claim 3, wherein the pruned cutting slips are placed in water for moisture preservation, then soaked in 800-fold 1000-fold potassium permanganate solution for disinfection and sterilization for 30min, and then washed with clear water.
5. The efficient snowfruit propagation method according to claim 1, wherein the substrate prepared in the step (3) is placed in a cutting container.
6. The efficient propagation method of the snow fruits as recited in claim 5, wherein the potassium permanganate solution of 800-1000 times is uniformly sprayed on the upper and lower surfaces of the plug for disinfection before the use of the cuttage container.
7. The efficient fruit propagation method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of NAA in the step (4) is 50mg/L, and the concentration of IAA is 100 mg/L.
8. The efficient fruit propagation method of claim 1, wherein the conditions of the post-management in the step (7) are as follows: the temperature is 22-28 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 2000-.
9. The application of the efficient propagation method according to any one of claims 1-8 in the technical field of cultivation of the snow fruits.
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