CN112136594B - Method for improving low-yield garden soil of kiwi fruits - Google Patents

Method for improving low-yield garden soil of kiwi fruits Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112136594B
CN112136594B CN202011105049.5A CN202011105049A CN112136594B CN 112136594 B CN112136594 B CN 112136594B CN 202011105049 A CN202011105049 A CN 202011105049A CN 112136594 B CN112136594 B CN 112136594B
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ditch
soil
chicken manure
fruit
yield
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CN112136594A (en
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莫权辉
李洁维
王发明
刘平平
叶开玉
蒋桥生
龚弘娟
齐贝贝
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Guangxi Institute of Botany of CAS
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Guangxi Institute of Botany of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving soil of a kiwi fruit low-yield garden, which comprises the following steps: digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch 0.8-1.0 m away from the main trunk of the kiwi fruit, wherein the bottom surface of the fertilizing ditch is obliquely arranged, the depth of the inner ditch is slightly higher than the respiratory roots of the fruit trees, the depth of the outer ditch is 5cm higher than that of the inner ditch, and the width of the ditch is 30-40 cm; applying a layer of milk vetch powder with the thickness of 2cm in the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 2 cm; then inserting a plurality of chicken manure rods into the backfilled planting soil and the inner side surface of the fertilizing ditch; laying a layer of L-shaped degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh, and sleeving the degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh on the chicken manure rod; applying a layer of orchard waste powder of 2cm, filling with planting soil, and applying polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium. The fertilizer can improve the soil aggregate structure, activate nutrient elements, improve the utilization rate of soil nutrients and fertilizers, effectively promote the absorption of the root system of the fruit tree on the nutrients and promote the growth of the fruit tree, thereby obviously improving the fruit yield and quality of the kiwi fruit low-yield garden.

Description

Kiwi fruit low-yield garden soil improvement method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a method for improving soil of a kiwi fruit low-yield garden.
Background
The kiwi fruit is a perennial vine fruit tree with fallen leaves, belongs to the genus Actinidia of Actinidiaceae, belongs to semi-negative plants, has strong adaptability, avoids strong sunshine, is native to Yangtze river basin in China, and mostly grows below the altitude of 2000 m. The kiwi fruit is rich in nutrition, and the total sugar content is 8% -14%, wherein glucose is mainly used, and fructose is used secondarily. It also contains abundant vitamin C, 17 amino acids, abundant protein, and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and ferrum. Because the kiwi fruit has comprehensive and rich nutrition and contains some important substances indispensable to human bodies, the kiwi fruit has important functions of keeping human health and preventing and treating diseases, and is popular with consumers. Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the quality requirement of kiwi fruit products is higher and higher.
The production of kiwi fruits requires loose and fertile soil to produce high-quality products. In the production practice, the soil which can completely meet the planting requirement of high-quality kiwifruit is little, the kiwifruit needs to grow in the same place for decades, after the time is long, the kiwifruit garden is uneven in height and easy to accumulate water, the soil is seriously hardened to weaken the tree vigor which is not air-permeable to the root system, the fertility is reduced, various trace elements are reduced, the plant absorbs less nutrition, the fruit quality and the yield are reduced year by year, the tree vigor is weak, the phenomenon troubles growers for a long time are caused, the existing method is generally only to treat according to a common fertilizing and topdressing method, but the effect on crops which grow for many years, particularly bear fruits for long years is very little.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for improving soil of a low-yield kiwi fruit garden, which can effectively improve the fruit yield and quality of the low-yield kiwi fruit garden.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for improving the soil of a low-yield kiwi fruit garden comprises the following steps:
s1, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch 0.8-1.0 m away from the main trunk of the kiwi fruit, wherein the bottom surface of the fertilizing ditch is obliquely arranged, the depth of the inner ditch is slightly higher than the respiratory roots of the fruit trees, the depth of the outer ditch is about 5cm higher than that of the inner ditch, and the width of the ditch is 30-40 cm;
s2, applying a layer of milk vetch powder with the thickness of 2cm in the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 2 cm; then inserting a plurality of chicken manure rods into the backfilled planting soil and the inner side surface of the fertilizing ditch;
s3, laying a layer of L-shaped degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh, and sleeving the degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh on the chicken manure rod; applying a layer of orchard waste powder of 2cm, filling with planting soil, and applying polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium.
Further, in the step S1, stones on the bottom and the side of the fertilizing ditch need to be removed to avoid affecting the insertion of the subsequent chicken manure rod.
Further, in the step S2, the chicken manure rod is cylindrical, the length of the chicken manure rod is about 5cm, the length of the exposed section is about 1cm, and the diameter of the exposed section is about 8 mm.
Further, the chicken manure stick is prepared by the following steps:
placing fresh chicken manure in a drying oven at 200 ℃, treating for 45 minutes, and quickly dehydrating until the water content is lower than 1% to obtain dried chicken manure for later use;
weighing the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of dried chicken manure; 2-5 parts of carbohydrase; 1-3 parts of poly (aspartic acid); 3-6 parts of magnesium glucitol, introducing into a planetary ball mill, taking zircon as a grinding ball, performing ball milling for 60min at a revolution speed of 200 r/min, and fully mixing to ensure that the particle size is below 200 microns to prepare mixed powder;
putting the obtained mixed powder into a die, and pressing into a cylinder structure with the diameter of about 8mm and the length of about 5 cm.
Further, the orchard waste powder is prepared by the following steps:
placing the orchard waste in a steam explosion tank, firstly introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 0.8-1.8 MPa, and carrying out explosion treatment for 10-20 min; and then, rapidly introducing steam until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 1.8-2.4 MPa, carrying out steam explosion treatment for 3-6 min, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain the product.
Furthermore, the dosage of the polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium is 5-10 kg per mu.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the soil aggregate structure can be improved, the nutrient elements can be activated, and the utilization rate of soil nutrients and fertilizers can be improved; can also effectively promote the absorption of the root system of the fruit tree to nutrients and promote the growth of the fruit tree, thereby obviously improving the fruit yield and quality of the kiwi fruit low-yield garden.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A method for improving soil of a kiwi fruit low-yield garden comprises the following steps:
s1, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch at a crown position 0.8m to 1.0m away from the main trunk of the kiwi fruit, removing stones on the bottom surface and the side surface of the fertilizing ditch to avoid influencing the subsequent insertion of chicken manure sticks, wherein the bottom surface of the fertilizing ditch is obliquely arranged, the depth of the inner ditch is slightly higher than the respiratory roots of the fruit trees, the depth of the outer ditch is about 5cm higher than that of the inner ditch, and the width of the ditch is 30-40 cm;
s2, applying a layer of milk vetch powder with the thickness of 2cm in the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 2 cm; then inserting a plurality of chicken manure rods into the backfilled planting soil and the inner side surface of the fertilizing ditch, wherein the using amount of the chicken manure rods is adjusted according to the detection of soil nutrients, and the chicken manure rods are generally arranged at intervals of about 5cm, and can be properly increased if the soil nutrients are seriously barren;
s3, laying a layer of L-shaped degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh, and sleeving the degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh on the chicken manure rod; applying a layer of orchard waste powder of 2cm, then filling the orchard waste powder with planting soil, and applying 7.5kg of polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium per mu.
Further, in the step S2, the chicken manure rod is cylindrical, the length of the chicken manure rod is about 5cm, the length of the exposed section is about 1cm, and the diameter of the exposed section is about 8 mm.
In this example, the chicken manure bar was prepared by the following steps:
placing fresh chicken manure in a drying oven at 200 ℃, treating for 45 minutes, and quickly dehydrating until the water content is lower than 1% to obtain dried chicken manure for later use;
weighing the following components in parts by weight: drying 25 parts of chicken manure; 3.5 parts of carbohydrase; 2 parts of poly (aspartic acid); 4.5 parts of magnesium glucitol, introducing into a planetary ball mill, taking zircon as a grinding ball, performing ball milling for 60min at the revolution speed of 200 r/min, and fully mixing to ensure that the particle size is below 200 microns to prepare mixed powder;
putting the obtained mixed powder into a die, and pressing into a cylinder structure with the diameter of about 8mm and the length of about 5 cm.
In this embodiment, the orchard waste powder is prepared by the following steps:
placing the orchard waste in a steam explosion tank, firstly introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 0.8-1.8 MPa, and carrying out explosion treatment for 10-20 min; and then, rapidly introducing steam until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 1.8-2.4 MPa, carrying out steam explosion treatment for 3-6 min, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain the product.
In this embodiment, the milk vetch powder is obtained by micronizing milk vetch, and has a particle size of about 200 meshes.
Example 2
A method for improving soil of a kiwi fruit low-yield garden comprises the following steps:
s1, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch at a position 0.8m to 1.0m away from the main trunk of the kiwi fruit, removing stones on the bottom surface and the side surfaces of the fertilizing ditch to avoid influencing the subsequent insertion of chicken manure sticks, wherein the bottom surface of the fertilizing ditch is obliquely arranged, the depth of the inner ditch is slightly higher than the respiratory roots of fruit trees, the depth of the outer ditch is about 5cm higher than that of the inner ditch, and the width of the ditch is 30-40 cm;
s2, applying a layer of milk vetch powder with the thickness of 2cm in the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 2 cm; then inserting a plurality of chicken manure rods into the backfilled planting soil and the inner side surface of the fertilizing ditch;
s3, laying a layer of L-shaped degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh, and sleeving the degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh on the chicken manure rod; applying a layer of orchard waste powder of 2cm, then filling the orchard waste powder with planting soil, and applying 5kg of polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium per mu.
Further, in the step S2, the chicken manure rod is cylindrical, the length of the chicken manure rod is about 5cm, the length of the exposed section is about 1cm, and the diameter of the exposed section is about 8 mm.
In this example, the chicken manure bar was prepared by the following steps:
placing fresh chicken manure in an oven at 200 ℃, treating for 45 minutes, and rapidly dehydrating until the water content is lower than 1% to obtain dried chicken manure for later use;
weighing the following components in parts by weight: drying 20 parts of chicken manure; 2 parts of carbohydrase; 1 part of poly (aspartic acid); 3 parts of magnesium glucitol, introducing into a planetary ball mill, taking zircon as a grinding ball, performing ball milling for 60min at the revolution speed of 200 r/min, and fully mixing to ensure that the particle size is below 200 microns to prepare mixed powder;
putting the obtained mixed powder into a die, and pressing into a cylinder structure with the diameter of about 8mm and the length of about 5 cm.
In this embodiment, the orchard waste powder is prepared by the following steps:
placing the orchard waste in a steam explosion tank, firstly introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 0.8-1.8 MPa, and carrying out explosion treatment for 10-20 min; and then, rapidly introducing steam until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 1.8-2.4 MPa, carrying out steam explosion treatment for 3-6 min, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain the product.
In this embodiment, the milk vetch powder is obtained by micronizing milk vetch, and has a particle size of about 200 meshes.
Example 3
A method for improving soil of a kiwi fruit low-yield garden comprises the following steps:
s1, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch at a position 0.8m to 1.0m away from the main trunk of the kiwi fruit, removing stones on the bottom surface and the side surfaces of the fertilizing ditch to avoid influencing the subsequent insertion of chicken manure sticks, wherein the bottom surface of the fertilizing ditch is obliquely arranged, the depth of the inner ditch is slightly higher than the respiratory roots of fruit trees, the depth of the outer ditch is about 5cm higher than that of the inner ditch, and the width of the ditch is 30-40 cm;
s2, applying a layer of milk vetch powder with the thickness of 2cm in the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 2 cm; then inserting a plurality of chicken manure rods into the backfilled planting soil and the inner side surface of the fertilizing ditch;
s3, laying a layer of L-shaped degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh, and sleeving the degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh on the chicken manure rod; applying a layer of orchard waste powder of 2cm, then filling the orchard waste powder with planting soil, and applying 10kg of polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium per mu.
Further, in the step S2, the chicken manure rod is cylindrical, the length of the chicken manure rod is about 5cm, the length of the exposed section is about 1cm, and the diameter of the exposed section is about 8 mm.
In this example, the chicken manure bar was prepared by the following steps:
placing fresh chicken manure in a drying oven at 200 ℃, treating for 45 minutes, and quickly dehydrating until the water content is lower than 1% to obtain dried chicken manure for later use;
weighing the following components in parts by weight: drying 30 parts of chicken manure; 5 parts of carbohydrase; 3 parts of poly aspartic acid; 6 parts of magnesium glucitol, introducing into a planetary ball mill, taking zircon as a grinding ball, performing ball milling for 60min at the revolution speed of 200 r/min, and fully mixing to ensure that the particle size is below 200 microns to prepare mixed powder;
putting the obtained mixed powder into a die, and pressing into a cylinder structure with the diameter of about 8mm and the length of about 5 cm.
In this embodiment, the orchard waste powder is prepared through the following steps:
placing the orchard waste in a steam explosion tank, firstly introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 0.8-1.8 MPa, and carrying out explosion treatment for 10-20 min; and then, rapidly introducing steam until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 1.8-2.4 MPa, carrying out steam explosion treatment for 3-6 min, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain the product.
In this embodiment, the milk vetch powder is obtained by micronizing milk vetch, and has a particle size of about 200 meshes.
Comparative example 1
S1, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch 0.8-1.0 m away from the main trunk of the kiwi fruit, wherein the bottom surface of the fertilizing ditch is obliquely arranged, the depth of the inner ditch is slightly higher than the respiratory roots of the fruit trees, the depth of the outer ditch is about 5cm higher than that of the inner ditch, and the width of the ditch is 30-40 cm;
s2, applying a layer of milk vetch powder with the thickness of 2cm in the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 2 cm; then applying a layer of orchard waste powder of 2cm, then filling the orchard waste powder with planting soil, and applying 7.5kg of polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium per mu.
Comparative example 2
S1, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch at a position 0.8m to 1.0m away from the main trunk of the kiwi fruit, wherein the bottom surface of the fertilizing ditch is horizontally arranged, the depth of the fertilizing ditch is slightly higher than the respiratory roots of the fruit trees, and the width of the fertilizing ditch is 30-40 cm;
s2, applying a layer of milk vetch powder with the thickness of 2cm in the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 2 cm; then a layer of orchard waste powder of 2cm is applied, then the orchard waste powder is filled with planting soil, and the application amount of the polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium is 7.5kg per mu.
Comparative example 3
Directly applying polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium at a position 0.8-1.0 m away from the main trunk of the kiwi fruit, wherein the dosage is 7.5kg per mu.
As a result: the yield and quality of the kiwi fruits of the examples 1, 2 and 3 are significantly higher than those of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, the yield and quality of the kiwi fruits of the comparative example 1 are higher than those of the comparative example 2, and the yield and quality of the kiwi fruits of the comparative example 3 are the lowest.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The method for improving the soil of the kiwi fruit low-yield garden is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, digging a circle of annular fertilizing ditch at a position 0.8m to 1.0m away from the main trunk of the kiwi fruit, wherein the bottom surface of the fertilizing ditch is obliquely arranged, the depth of the inner side ditch is slightly higher than the respiratory roots of the fruit trees, the depth of the outer side ditch is 5cm higher than that of the inner side ditch, and the width of the ditch is 30-40 cm;
s2, applying a layer of milk vetch powder with the thickness of 2cm in the fertilizing ditch, and backfilling planting soil with the thickness of 2 cm; then inserting a plurality of chicken manure rods into the backfilled planting soil and the inner side surface of the fertilizing ditch; the chicken manure bar is prepared by the following steps:
placing fresh chicken manure in a drying oven at 200 ℃, treating for 45 minutes, and quickly dehydrating until the water content is lower than 1% to obtain dried chicken manure for later use;
weighing the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of dried chicken manure; 2-5 parts of carbohydrase; 1-3 parts of poly (aspartic acid); 3-6 parts of magnesium glucitol, introducing into a planetary ball mill, taking zircon as a grinding ball, performing ball milling for 60min at a revolution speed of 200 r/min, and fully mixing to ensure that the particle size is below 200 microns to prepare mixed powder;
putting the obtained mixed powder into a die, and pressing into a cylinder structure with the diameter of 8mm and the length of 5 cm;
s3, laying a layer of L-shaped degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh, and sleeving the degradable water-absorbing fiber woven mesh on the chicken manure rod; applying a layer of orchard waste powder of 2cm, filling with planting soil, and applying polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium.
2. The method for improving soil in a low-yield garden of kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, stones on the bottom and side surfaces of the fertilizing ditch are removed to avoid affecting the insertion of the following chicken manure bar.
3. The method for improving soil of a low-yield garden of kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein in said step S2, said stick of chicken droppings is cylindrical in shape and has a length of 5cm, a length of 1cm of exposed segment and a diameter of 8 mm.
4. The method for improving the low-yield kiwi fruit garden soil according to claim 1, wherein the orchard waste powder is prepared by the following steps:
placing the orchard waste in a steam explosion tank, firstly introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 0.8-1.8 MPa, and carrying out explosion treatment for 10-20 min; and then, rapidly introducing steam until the pressure in the steam explosion tank is 1.8-2.4 MPa, carrying out steam explosion treatment for 3-6 min, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain the product.
5. The method for improving the soil of the kiwi low-yield garden as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dosage of the polysaccharide polypeptide biological potassium is 5-10 kg per mu.
CN202011105049.5A 2020-10-15 2020-10-15 Method for improving low-yield garden soil of kiwi fruits Active CN112136594B (en)

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CN112552926A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-03-26 张二芳 Loess plateau soil conditioner and preparation method thereof
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CN102893743A (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-01-30 青岛嘉禾丰肥业有限公司 Method for using organic fertilizers
CN104541644A (en) * 2013-10-22 2015-04-29 朱全顺 Ecological improvement method of orchard soil fertility
CN106966838A (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-07-21 南宁学院 A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107155772A (en) * 2017-05-27 2017-09-15 金寨县果兴果业农业科技开发有限公司 Chestnut wood Cultivate administration method
CN108865170A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-11-23 中国海洋大学 A kind of charcoal base soil structure conditioner preparation method and method of administration
CN110054530A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-07-26 塔里木大学 A kind of compound organic green manure of apple tree and preparation method thereof
CN110511101A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-29 塔里木大学 A kind of compound green manure in orchard and preparation method thereof
CN110423167A (en) * 2019-09-10 2019-11-08 塔里木大学 A kind of orchard green manure and preparation method thereof
CN111295965A (en) * 2020-03-18 2020-06-19 四川华胜农业股份有限公司 Kiwi fruit low-yield garden soil improvement method

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