CN112106915A - 一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及发酵饮料技术领域，本发明公开了一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料，包括：药食同源中草药、显齿蛇葡萄叶、青钱柳叶、狭基线纹香茶菜、果蔬、复合乳酸菌、茶多酚、红糖、食用香精和纯化水。本发明还公开了一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料的制备方法，包括以下制备步骤：S1、称重；S2、臭氧清洗；S3、破碎；S4、乳酸发酵；S5、离心；S6、调配灌装；S7、灭菌。本发明通过对人体心血管、大脑等综合调理，安神定惊、养心开郁，可有效促进睡眠，提高人的睡眠质量，并引入高效的复合乳酸菌进行发酵，其发酵产物对肠道微生态的调节，增强了人体对营养成分和功效成分的吸收效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发酵饮料技术领域，具体为一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
发酵饮料是指饮品原料经国家允许使用的菌种发酵后调配而成的饮品统称，根据发酵菌种的不同细分，发酵饮料可分为乳酸菌发酵饮料、醋酸菌发酵饮料、酵母菌发酵饮料、食用真菌发酵饮料和混合菌共生发酵饮料等。
随着我国经济的快速增长，人们生活方式和生活节奏都在不断变化，生活质量和身体健康意识不断增强，但同时高压力、高强度、长时间的不健康工作和生活方式带来的身体过度透支引起的体虚、疲惫、机体免疫力弱及常伴有不同程度的失眠等问题，一直困扰着较多的人群。纵观目前市场上在售的各型各色、功能繁多的药品及保健品，虽有一定效果，但短时间只能治其表而不能固其本，长期食用可能对身体机能产生负担引发副作用且价格昂贵、食用普遍不方便。
国家推行中医“治未病”理论，提倡“药补不如食补”的健康养生方式，但一般家用基本上都是一种或少数几种中药或药食同源原料搭配煲汤或用做配料食用，食用次数和加工方式简单、有限，很难起到食补效果。而现在市场上的绝大多数功能性食品，基本都是采用中草药提取物粉，喷粉过程易导致部分营养成分流失且需添加较多糊精或其他食品添加剂方可喷粉，导致有效成分含量降低，功效不明显。
为此，我们提出了一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料及其制备方法以良好的解决上述弊端。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料及其制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，一方面，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料，包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：药食同源中草药7～12份、显齿蛇葡萄叶2～4份、青钱柳叶2～4份、狭基线纹香茶菜2～4份、果蔬15～20份、复合乳酸菌0.01～0.05份、茶多酚0.1～0.2份、红糖8～10份、食用香精0.1～0.5份和纯化水50～70份。
可选的，所述药食同源中草药包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：酸枣仁3～6份、决明子2～4份、枸杞2～4份、菊花2～4份。
可选的，所述狭基线纹香茶菜中迷迭香酸含量为其干重的0.50％～0.75％。
可选的，所述果蔬包括蓝莓、葡萄、苹果、菠萝、番茄、黑豆、胡萝卜、韭菜、芋头、雪梨、柠檬中的一种或多种。
可选的，所述复合乳酸菌包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：嗜酸乳杆菌2份、植物乳杆菌2份、乳双歧杆菌2份、干酪乳杆菌2份、鼠李糖乳杆菌2份。
可选的，所述食用香精包括芒果香精、蜜桃香精、百香果香精、荔枝香精、草莓香精、蓝莓香精、玫瑰香精、苹果香精、红枣香精、金桔香精、绿茶香精中的一种或多种。
另一方面，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料的制备方法，包括以下制备步骤：
S1、称重：按要求称取各重量份的原料；
S2、臭氧清洗：将药食同源中草药、显齿蛇葡萄叶、狭基线纹香茶菜、果蔬浸泡在50～60℃水中5～10min后，用臭氧清洗机清洗5～10min；
S3、破碎：将药食同源中草药、显齿蛇葡萄叶、狭基线纹香茶菜、果蔬用万能破碎机破碎，并添加纯化水，搅拌均匀，得到混合物料；
S4、乳酸发酵：将混合物料、复合乳酸菌、红糖和纯化水投入发酵釜中，连续乳酸发酵6～8d，得到发酵原液；
S5、离心：将发酵原液先投入卧螺离心机进行粗分离，再投入碟片离心机进行精细分离，得到浆液；
S6、调配灌装：向浆液中投入食用香精、茶多酚和纯化水，混合均匀后，进行无氧灌装，得到灌装饮料；
S7、灭菌：将灌装饮料放入水浴式杀菌锅中，于105℃恒温条件下连续灭菌40min，冷却至常温，即得到最终产品。
可选的，S3中，所述万能破碎机的破碎粒度为0.5～1.0cm。
可选的，S4中，所述发酵釜的控制温度在15～28℃。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料及其制备方法，具备以下有益效果：
1.本发明通过对人体心血管、大脑等综合调理，安神定惊、养心开郁，可有效促进睡眠，提高人的睡眠质量，并引入高效的复合乳酸菌进行发酵，其发酵产物对肠道微生态的调节，增强了人体对营养成分和功效成分的吸收效果；
2.本发明通过狭基线纹香茶菜中迷迭香酸、茶多酚和二氢杨梅素之间的协同作用，提高二氢杨梅素的抗氧化能力，有助于防止自由基造成的细胞受损，可以保护大脑不受自由基氧化损害，提高神经递质释放，治疗睡眠障碍，迷迭香酸具有广谱抗微生物活性，对细菌和真菌均有抑制作用，可以延长乳酸菌发酵饮料的保质日期。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：本申请实施例1提供的乳酸菌发酵饮料，包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：药食同源中草药7份、显齿蛇葡萄叶2份、青钱柳叶2份、狭基线纹香茶菜4份、果蔬20份、复合乳酸菌0.01份、茶多酚0.1份、红糖8份、食用香精0.1份和纯化水70份。
实施例2：本申请实施例2提供的乳酸菌发酵饮料，包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：药食同源中草药9份、显齿蛇葡萄叶3份、青钱柳叶3份、狭基线纹香茶菜3份、果蔬16份、复合乳酸菌0.03份、茶多酚0.2份、红糖9份、食用香精0.2份和纯化水60份。
实施例3：本申请实施例3提供的乳酸菌发酵饮料，包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：药食同源中草药10份、显齿蛇葡萄叶3份、青钱柳叶3份、狭基线纹香茶菜3份、果蔬18份、复合乳酸菌0.04份、茶多酚0.1份、红糖9份、食用香精0.3份和纯化水60份。
实施例4：本申请实施例4提供的乳酸菌发酵饮料，包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：药食同源中草药12份、显齿蛇葡萄叶4份、青钱柳叶4份、狭基线纹香茶菜4份、果蔬15份、复合乳酸菌0.05份、茶多酚0.2份、红糖10份、食用香精0.4份和纯化水50份。
上述四个实施例中：药食同源中草药包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：酸枣仁5份、决明子2份、枸杞4份、菊花4份；狭基线纹香茶菜中迷迭香酸含量为其干重的0.50％～0.75％；果蔬包括蓝莓、葡萄、苹果、芋头、雪梨、柠檬。复合乳酸菌包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：嗜酸乳杆菌2份、植物乳杆菌2份、乳双歧杆菌2份、干酪乳杆菌2份、鼠李糖乳杆菌2份；食用香精包括百香果香精、玫瑰香精、金桔香精、绿茶香精。
本发明的乳酸菌发酵饮料由药食同源中草药、显齿蛇葡萄叶、青钱柳叶、狭基线纹香茶菜、果蔬、复合乳酸菌、茶多酚、红糖、食用香精和纯化水组成，将这些成分组合使其发酵生成发酵饮料。
其中，药食同源中草药包括酸枣仁、决明子、枸杞、菊花。选用酸枣仁是因为其养心补肝，宁心安神，敛汗，生津之功效，常用于虚烦不眠，惊悸多梦，体虚多汗，津伤口渴。选用决明子是因为其降脂明目，降血压降血脂。选用枸杞是因为其用于肝肾阴虚证本品甘平质润，平补肝肾，有滋补强壮作用，凡肝肾阴虚诸证均可应用。选用菊花是因为其散风清热，平肝明目，清热解毒。
选用显齿蛇葡萄叶是因为其有效成分二氢杨梅素具有抗氧自由基的作用，能抑制体内血栓的形成，对降血脂具有独特效果，并且其有效成分总黄酮具有降血脂、抗动脉粥样硬化和抑制脂肪肝形成。通过降低血脂，避免身体血液流速减慢，保证身体有足够的氧气支持，维护身体稳定。显齿蛇葡萄叶中还含有含量较高的锌，锌具有抑制脂质过氧化过程的作用，因此锌具有防衰老之功效，此外，锌可以提高酶类的活性，例如胃蛋白酶，从而促进肠道吸收。
选用青钱柳叶是因为其富含丰富的皂苷、黄酮、多糖等有机营养成分，能够有效平衡人体糖代谢，从而达到降血糖，并且其含有大量的铁、锌、硒、铬、锗、镁、钙等无机营养成分，还含有锰、铁、铜、铬、锌、硒、钒、锗等微量元素，与糖代谢和胰岛素作用密切相关的元素Ni、Cr、V、Se的含量较高，能够协助胰岛素发挥降血糖作用，并能改善糖耐量。
用狭基线纹香茶菜是其含有迷迭香酸、熊果酸和黄酮类物质，迷迭香酸具有较强的抗氧化活性，有助于防止自由基造成的细胞受损，因此降低了癌症和动脉硬化的风险；熊果酸临床表现有显著而迅速降低谷丙转氨酶、血清转氨酶、消退黄疽、增进食欲、抗纤维化和恢复肝功能的作用，具有见效快、疗程短、效果稳定的特点。熊果酸类成分及迷迭香酸为狭基线纹香茶菜保肝活性成分，保肝可以维护人体心血管健康。
选用茶多酚是因为其成分黄烷醇类化合物能够促进肾血管舒张，增加肾脏的血流量，从而增加肾小球的滤过率，使身体中多余的乳酸通过尿液获得排除，达到缓解疲劳，改善睡眠的作用。
迷迭香酸、茶多酚和二氢杨梅素之间具有协同作用，添加迷迭香酸和茶多酚的二氢杨梅素的抗氧化能力更强，有助于防止自由基造成的细胞受损，保护大脑不受自由基氧化损害，提高神经递质释放，治疗睡眠障碍。此外，迷迭香酸具有广谱抗微生物活性，对细菌和真菌均有抑制作用，可以延长乳酸菌发酵饮料的保质日期。狭基线纹香茶菜中黄酮类物质和茶多酚中的黄酮类物质与锌具有协同作用，在氧自由基存在时，黄酮类物质和锌从各自游离态形成两者结合态，可以显著提高黄酮类物质原本的抗氧化能力，进一步提高迷迭香酸、茶多酚和二氢杨梅素之间的协同作用。
本发明的乳酸菌发酵饮料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、称重：对每种药食同源中草药随机抽样，参照《中华人民共和国药典(2015版)》和新食品原料检测方法对抽取的样品进行标志性成分含量检测，以确定原料真假，再筛选出发霉、变质等不符合要求的原料，按要求称取各重量份的原料；
S2、臭氧清洗：将药食同源中草药、显齿蛇葡萄叶、狭基线纹香茶菜、果蔬浸泡在56℃水中10min后，用臭氧清洗机清洗10min；
S3、破碎：将药食同源中草药、显齿蛇葡萄叶、狭基线纹香茶菜、果蔬用万能破碎机破碎，破碎成粒度为0.5～1.0cm的颗粒，相颗粒中添加纯化水，搅拌均匀，得到混合物料；
S4、乳酸发酵：将混合物料、复合乳酸菌、红糖和纯化水投入发酵釜中，发酵釜的控制温度在15～28℃，连续乳酸发酵7d，得到发酵原液；
S5、离心：将发酵原液先投入卧螺离心机进行粗分离，再投入碟片离心机进行精细分离，得到浆液；
S6、调配灌装：向浆液中投入食用香精、茶多酚和纯化水，混合均匀后，进行无氧灌装，得到灌装饮料；
S7、灭菌：将灌装饮料放入水浴式杀菌锅中，于105℃恒温条件下连续灭菌40min，冷却至常温，即得到最终产品。
实施例1～4采用上述制备方法，均可以制备出本发明的乳酸菌发酵饮料。
试验例
试验目的：研究本发明的乳酸菌发酵饮料对睡眠的改善效果。
试验材料：实施例1～4制备出的乳酸菌发酵饮料。
试验对象：睡眠门诊科就诊者，以无严重躯体及精神疾病，并以入睡困难、夜醒次数多或醒后再入睡困难、醒后疲劳为主要表现的成年人群为研究对象，人数为60人。
干预方法：由临床营养师对试验对象食用实施例1～4制备出的乳酸菌发酵饮料进行指导，每日1次，1次2瓶(1瓶50g)。午饭后或晚饭前30min食用，不改变平时的饮食习惯，干预时间为60d。在进行大量动物试验及相关研究基础上，确定每日最佳食用量为100g。
试验评价流程及方法：采用匹兹堡量表进行睡眠状况评估，知情同意后，由试验对象填写睡眠状况自测表，录入睡眠状况智能评估系统，临床营养师进行统计分析。
其中，睡眠质量按照：一般(或较好)得1分，较差得2分，很差得3分进行睡眠质量主观评分。得到的分值越低，代表睡眠质量越好。
试验结果：对试验对象食用产品前和食用产品60d后的睡眠质量进行了统计。结果显示，食用产品60d后，试验对象入睡时间明显缩短，平均入睡时间由50.4min缩短到25.3min；总睡眠时间延长，平均睡眠时间由5.1h延长至6.1h；夜醒次数减少，平均夜醒次数由1.9次减少至1.3次；醒后再入睡时间明显减少，平均时间由46.5min减少至19.5min。
根据上述结果分析，实施例1～4制备出的乳酸菌发酵饮料可明显缩短入睡时间，尤其对长时间入睡困难的人更加明显；可增加试验对象的有效睡眠时间；对减少夜醒次数具有一定的作用；可明显减少醒后再入睡时间。差异具有统计学意义，差异显著(P<0.05)。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (9)
1.一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料，其特征在于，包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：药食同源中草药7～12份、显齿蛇葡萄叶2～4份、青钱柳叶2～4份、狭基线纹香茶菜2～4份、果蔬15～20份、复合乳酸菌0.01～0.05份、茶多酚0.1～0.2份、红糖8～10份、食用香精0.1～0.5份和纯化水50～70份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料，其特征在于，所述药食同源中草药包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：酸枣仁3～6份、决明子2～4份、枸杞2～4份、菊花2～4份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料，其特征在于，所述狭基线纹香茶菜中迷迭香酸含量为其干重的0.50％～0.75％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料，其特征在于，所述果蔬包括蓝莓、葡萄、苹果、菠萝、番茄、黑豆、胡萝卜、韭菜、芋头、雪梨、柠檬中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料，其特征在于，所述复合乳酸菌包括由以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：嗜酸乳杆菌2份、植物乳杆菌2份、乳双歧杆菌2份、干酪乳杆菌2份、鼠李糖乳杆菌2份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料，其特征在于，所述食用香精包括芒果香精、蜜桃香精、百香果香精、荔枝香精、草莓香精、蓝莓香精、玫瑰香精、苹果香精、红枣香精、金桔香精、绿茶香精中的一种或多种。
7.一种如权利要求1～6任意一条所述的改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下制备步骤：
S1、称重：按要求称取各重量份的原料；
S2、臭氧清洗：将药食同源中草药、显齿蛇葡萄叶、狭基线纹香茶菜、果蔬浸泡在50～60℃水中5～10min后，用臭氧清洗机清洗5～10min；
S3、破碎：将药食同源中草药、显齿蛇葡萄叶、狭基线纹香茶菜、果蔬用万能破碎机破碎，并添加纯化水，搅拌均匀，得到混合物料；
S4、乳酸发酵：将混合物料、复合乳酸菌、红糖和纯化水投入发酵釜中，连续乳酸发酵6～8d，得到发酵原液；
S5、离心：将发酵原液先投入卧螺离心机进行粗分离，再投入碟片离心机进行精细分离，得到浆液；
S6、调配灌装：向浆液中投入食用香精、茶多酚和纯化水，混合均匀后，进行无氧灌装，得到灌装饮料；
S7、灭菌：将灌装饮料放入水浴式杀菌锅中，于105℃恒温条件下连续灭菌40min，冷却至常温，即得到最终产品。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，S3中，所述万能破碎机的破碎粒度为0.5～1.0cm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善睡眠的乳酸菌发酵饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，S4中，所述发酵釜的控制温度在15～28℃。
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