CN112010640A - 注射用粉料、塑基粘结剂、工艺及陶瓷滤波器 - Google Patents

注射用粉料、塑基粘结剂、工艺及陶瓷滤波器 Download PDF

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CN112010640A
CN112010640A CN202010915413.8A CN202010915413A CN112010640A CN 112010640 A CN112010640 A CN 112010640A CN 202010915413 A CN202010915413 A CN 202010915413A CN 112010640 A CN112010640 A CN 112010640A
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吴国亮
刘锋
袁云波
兰剑
蒋金瑞
何岳平
彭朝阳
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Dongguan CSG Ceramics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及陶瓷滤波器技术领域,具体公开一种注射用粉料、塑基粘结剂、工艺及陶瓷滤波器,所述注射用粉料由Mg、Ca、Ti、O四种元素组成,其中,Mg、Ca、Ti这三种元素摩尔百分比范围分别为45mol%~55mol%的Mg、45mol%~55%mol的Ca和0mol%~10mol%的Ti;所述注射用粉料的尺寸为D50粒径0.2μm~1μm。本发明提供一种注射用粉料、塑基粘结剂、工艺及陶瓷滤波器,所制得喂料流动性好,方便注射;可制得形状复杂的滤波器产品。注射坯体结构完整且注射后生坯收缩小、外观良好、断面无肉眼可见气孔和孔洞。对应滤波器烧坯产品密度均匀、变形小,尺寸精度高。

Description

注射用粉料、塑基粘结剂、工艺及陶瓷滤波器
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷滤波器技术领域,提供一种5G陶瓷滤波器用注射喂料及其制备方法,主要涉及一种注射用粉料、塑基粘结剂、工艺及陶瓷滤波器。
背景技术
陶瓷滤波器是由锆钛酸铅陶瓷材料制成的,把这种陶瓷材料制成片状,两面涂银作为电极,经过直流高压极化后就具有压电效应,可以起滤波的作用。其具有稳定和抗干扰性能良好等特点,故被广泛应用于电视机、录像机、收音机等各种电子产品。
随着通信频率的升高,陶瓷滤波器在小型化、轻量化、低成本和高性能方面有着明显的优势(相较于金属腔体滤波器和塑料滤波器),可以预见,陶瓷滤波器将占据未来5G滤波器的主要市场。
目前主要采用干压成型工艺制造陶瓷滤波器,该工艺相对简单,成本低廉,但制得的产品精度较低,也无法制造出形状复杂的产品,已然无法满足5G滤波器高尺寸精度的要求。因此,业内研究出了注射成型工艺,注射成型工艺在产品尺寸精度和形状复杂性上有着较大的优势。常规的蜡基喂料在溶剂萃取脱脂时易发生变形(个别甚至发生开裂现象),导致产品尺寸精度差,同时降低了产品良率。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于,提供一种注射用粉料、塑基粘结剂、工艺及陶瓷滤波器,能解决注射成型工艺得到的产品经常会出现气孔和裂纹等瑕疵的问题。
为达以上目的,一方面,本发明提供一种注射用粉料,由Mg、Ca、Ti、O四种元素组成;
所述注射用粉料的尺寸为D50粒径0.2μm~1μm。
优选的,Mg、Ca、Ti这三种元素摩尔百分比范围分别为:45mol%~55mol%的Mg、45mol%~55%mol的Ca和0mol%~10mol%的Ti。
另一方面,本发明提供一种塑基粘结剂,用于与上述的注射用粉料进行密炼,其包括:
POM:65重量份~82重量份;
PP:5重量份~15重量份;
EVA:5重量份~15重量份;
POE:5重量份~15重量份;
环氧大豆油:1重量份~5重量份;
DOP:1重量份~5重量份;
SA:1重量份~5重量份;
所述塑基粘结剂不包含石蜡。
又一方面,本发明提供一种密炼造粒工艺,使用上述的注射用粉料和塑基粘结剂,其包括:
将所述注射用粉料和塑基粘结剂投入密炼机进行密炼,得到软质胶料;
趁热将所述软质胶料进行塑化造粒,得到注射用喂料。
优选的,所述注射用粉料的用量为70质量份~90质量份;所述塑基粘结剂的用量为10质量份~30质量份。
优选的,所述将所述注射用粉料和塑基粘结剂投入密炼机进行密炼,得到软质胶料包括:
将所述注射用粉料放入密炼机,预热至160℃~180℃;
将所述塑基粘结剂放入密炼机,混合加热。
优选的,所述将所述塑基粘结剂放入密炼机,混合加热之后,还包括:
使密炼机的转速在30min内由10r/min~15r/min逐渐提升至25r/min~35r/min;
设定密炼温度为180℃~200℃;
持续均匀密炼60min~120min后卸料,得到所述软质胶料。
又一方面,本发明提供一种滤波器制备工艺,包括:
使用上述的注射用喂料注射成型,得到产品;
使用草酸于145℃~165℃对所述产品进行脱脂;
于1300℃~1390℃对所述产品进行烧结,最后保温1h~4h。
再一方面,本发明提供一种陶瓷滤波器,由上述的密炼造粒工艺制成。
本发明的有益效果在于:提供一种注射用粉料、塑基粘结剂、工艺及陶瓷滤波器,从注射用粉料的组成、粘结剂的组成以及二者的炼制方式等方面着手进行改进,最终解决注射成型工艺得到的产品经常会出现气孔和裂纹等瑕疵的问题。同时,所制得喂料流动性好,方便注射;可制得形状复杂的滤波器产品。注射坯体结构完整且注射后生坯收缩小、外观良好、断面无肉眼可见气孔和孔洞。对应滤波器烧坯产品密度均匀、变形小,尺寸精度高(尺寸极差在10um以内)。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为实施例提供的滤波器制备工艺的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使得本发明的目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,下面所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而非全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,当一个组件被认为是“连接”另一个组件,它可以是直接连接到另一个组件或者可能同时存在居中设置的组件。当一个组件被认为是“设置在”另一个组件,它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中设置的组件。
此外,术语“长”“短”“内”“外”等指示方位或位置关系为基于附图所展示的方位或者位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或原件必须具有此特定的方位、以特定的方位构造进行操作,以此不能理解为本发明的限制。
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
经过大量的研究和对比后,发明人发现,传统注射成型工艺制得的产品常出现气孔和裂纹等瑕疵,主要是因为现有的注射用喂料流动性能较差,流动性能较差的注射用喂料难以在重力作用下自动有效地填平凹陷区域,最终就会形成气孔和裂纹等瑕疵。因此,要消除气孔和裂纹等瑕疵,就必须先研制出流动性能较好的注射用喂料。
注射用喂料主要由注射用粉料和粘结剂混合炼制而成,若要改善注射用喂料的流动性,就要从注射用粉料的组成、粘结剂的组成以及二者的炼制方式等方面着手进行改进。
为解决注射成型产品的气孔和裂纹等问题,参见图1,本实施例提供一种滤波器制备工艺(步骤S10~S60),其包括一种密炼造粒工艺(步骤S10~S40),滤波器制备工艺包括以下步骤:
S10:配置注射用粉料。
其中,所述注射用粉料由Mg、Ca、Ti、O四种元素组成,其中,Mg、Ca、Ti这三种元素摩尔百分比范围分别为:45mol%~55mol%的Mg(镁)、45mol%~55%mol的Ca(钙)和0mol%~10mol%的Ti(钛);进一步地,所述注射用粉料的尺寸为D50粒径0.2μm~1μm。
需要说明的是,各元素的摩尔比例与注射用粉料的尺寸之间存在协同作用,且规律难寻,经大量试验总结后发现,上述元素摩尔占比配合上述注射用粉料尺寸时,注射用粉料后续制成的注射用喂料流动性最佳,最有利于解决注射成型产品的气孔和裂纹等问题。
S20:配置塑基粘结剂。
常规的蜡基粘结剂制成的蜡基喂料在溶剂萃取脱脂时,容易发生变形(个别甚至发生开裂现象),导致产品尺寸精度差。因此,本实施例提供一种塑基粘结剂,包括:
POM(聚甲醛):65重量份~82重量份;
PP(聚丙烯):5重量份~15重量份;
EVA(乙烯醋酸乙烯共聚物):5重量份~15重量份;
POE(聚烯烃弹性体):5重量份~15重量份;
环氧大豆油:1重量份~5重量份;
DOP(邻苯二甲酸二辛酯):1重量份~5重量份;
SA(硬脂酸):1重量份~5重量份;
本实施例中,所述塑基粘结剂不包含石蜡,故能有效避免溶剂萃取脱脂时发生变形情况。具体地,石蜡又称晶形蜡,碳原子数约为18~30的烃类混合物,主要组分为直链烷烃(约为80%~95%),还有少量带个别支链的烷烃和带长侧链的单环环烷烃(两者合计含量20%以下)。石蜡是从原油蒸馏所得的润滑油馏分经溶剂精制、溶剂脱蜡或经蜡冷冻结晶、压榨脱蜡制得蜡膏,再经脱油,并补充精制制得的片状或针状结晶。根据加工精制程度不同,可分为全精炼石蜡、半精炼石蜡和粗石蜡3种。
需要说明的是,本实施例中的塑基粘结剂,能与注射用粉料有效混合,经过多次试验后发现,这样的质量配比能最大程度地与注射用粉料发生协同作用,使得后续炼制得到的注射用喂料具有良好的流动性。
S30:将所述注射用粉料和塑基粘结剂投入密炼机进行密炼,得到软质胶料。具体包括:
取70质量份~90质量份注射用粉料,将其放入密炼机,预热至160℃~180℃;
取10质量份~30质量份塑基粘结剂,将其放入密炼机,与已经完成预热的注射用粉料混合加热;
使密炼机的转速在30min内由10r/min~15r/min逐渐提升至25r/min~35r/min;
设定密炼温度为180℃~200℃;
持续均匀密炼60min~120min后卸料,得到所述软质胶料。
具体地,注射用粉料与塑基粘结剂这样的质量配比,结合上述加热和旋转参数,可以最大程度地混合注射用粉料和塑基粘结剂,使后续制备得到的所述注射用喂料具有良好的流动性。若加热温度过高或者加热时间过程,均容易导致注射用粉料或者塑基粘结剂中的成分发生分解或者变性。
S40:趁热将所述软质胶料进行塑化造粒,得到注射用喂料。
具体地,将软质胶料投入螺杆造粒机,即可得到塑化造粒的注射用喂料。
S50:使用所述注射用喂料注射成型,得到产品。
具体地,经过步骤S10~S40制备得到的注射用喂料具有良好的流动性,故用其生产得到的注射成型产品不容易出现气孔或者裂纹。
S60:使用草酸于145℃~165℃对所述产品进行脱脂,然后于1300℃~1390℃对所述产品进行烧结,最终保温1h~4h。
可以理解的是,脱脂、烧结和保温均是常规的后处理措施,上述温度和时间参数主要与本申请中的注射用喂料适配,使得用该注射用喂料制成的产品批次稳定、易于控制且过程良率高,降低了产品的成本。
优选的,上述密炼造粒工艺用于生产陶瓷滤波器,尤其是5G陶瓷滤波器,经上述密炼造粒工艺制备得到的5G陶瓷滤波器结构完整无缩水、尺寸误差小,敲开断面观察无肉眼可见气孔或孔洞,烧坯尺寸极差为10μm以内,完全能满足5G通信的要求。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种注射用粉料,其特征在于,由Mg、Ca、Ti、O四种元素组成;
所述注射用粉料的尺寸为D50粒径0.2μm~1μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的注射用粉料,其特征在于,Mg、Ca、Ti这三种元素摩尔百分比范围分别为:45mol%~55mol%的Mg、45mol%~55%mol的Ca和0mol%~10mol%的Ti。
3.一种塑基粘结剂,用于与权利要求1或2所述的注射用粉料进行密炼,其特征在于,包括:
POM:65重量份~82重量份;
PP:5重量份~15重量份;
EVA:5重量份~15重量份;
POE:5重量份~15重量份;
环氧大豆油:1重量份~5重量份;
DOP:1重量份~5重量份;
SA:1重量份~5重量份;
所述塑基粘结剂不包含石蜡。
4.一种密炼造粒工艺,使用权利要求1或2所述的注射用粉料和权利要求3所述的塑基粘结剂,其特征在于,包括:
将所述注射用粉料和塑基粘结剂投入密炼机进行密炼,得到软质胶料;
趁热将所述软质胶料进行塑化造粒,得到注射用喂料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的密炼造粒工艺,其特征在于,所述注射用粉料的用量为70质量份~90质量份;所述塑基粘结剂的用量为10质量份~30质量份。
6.根据权利要求4所述的密炼造粒工艺,其特征在于,所述将所述注射用粉料和塑基粘结剂投入密炼机进行密炼,得到软质胶料包括:
将所述注射用粉料放入密炼机,预热至160℃~180℃;
将所述塑基粘结剂放入密炼机,混合加热。
7.根据权利要求6所述的密炼造粒工艺,其特征在于,将所述塑基粘结剂放入密炼机,混合加热之后,还包括:
使密炼机的转速在30min内由10r/min~15r/min逐渐提升至25r/min~35r/min;
设定密炼温度为180℃~200℃;
持续均匀密炼60min~120min后卸料,得到所述软质胶料。
8.一种滤波器制备工艺,其特征在于,包括:
使用权利要求4~7任一项所述的注射用喂料注射成型,得到产品;
使用草酸于145℃~165℃对所述产品进行脱脂;
于1300℃~1390℃对所述产品进行烧结,最后保温1h~4h。
9.一种陶瓷滤波器,其特征在于,由权利要求8所述的滤波器制备工艺制成。
CN202010915413.8A 2020-09-03 2020-09-03 注射用粉料、塑基粘结剂、工艺及陶瓷滤波器 Pending CN112010640A (zh)

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