CN111990166A - Method for preparing agaricus bisporus compost by using wheat straws - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing agaricus bisporus compost by using wheat straws, which comprises the steps of pre-wetting the wheat straws, mixing raw materials, performing primary fermentation, performing secondary fermentation and performing tertiary fermentation. The process of mixing the raw materials comprises the following steps: mixing the pre-wetted wheat straw with dry chicken manure, wet chicken manure, gypsum and calcium superphosphate. The process of primary fermentation is as follows: feeding the mixture into a fermentation tank for fermentation, and turning the mixture once every 2-4 days after the mixture is fed into a bin; the process of the secondary fermentation is as follows: feeding the material subjected to primary fermentation into a secondary fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the fermentation sequentially passes through a temperature equalizing stage, a heating stage, a pasteurization stage, a cooling stage, a temperature control stage and a cooling stage; the process of the third fermentation is as follows: adding peat 4-6 wt% into the material after the second fermentation, sowing strains, and finally feeding into a third fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the temperature of the fermented material is 24-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 88-92%, and the fermentation time is 13-15 d. The method can be used for shortening mushroom cultivation period, improving culture material quality, and reducing labor intensity in material distribution stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an agaricus bisporus culture material by using wheat straws.
Background
Agaricus bisporus is a typical saprophytic fungus, and wild mushrooms in nature tend to grow on decomposed organic matter of manure grass; therefore, agaricus bisporus is also commonly referred to as straw rot. The artificial cultivation of agaricus bisporus still grows on the culture material containing manure and grass until now, not only the mycelium directly grows in the culture material, but also the nutrition required by the growth and development of the fruiting body after fruiting comes from the culture material. Therefore, the culture material is a material basis for the growth and development of the agaricus bisporus. The quality of the culture material in the production and the quantity of the culture material directly influence the yield and the quality of the agaricus bisporus.
Because hypha has poor capability of decomposing cellulose and lignin, the direct decomposition and utilization of the compost are difficult, so the compost needs to be piled up in advance for fermentation, a large number of beneficial microorganisms such as cellulose decomposing bacteria and the like are propagated, and straws, excrement and the like in the compost are fermented and decomposed to become nutrient substances which have simple structures and are easy to be absorbed and utilized by agaricus bisporus; meanwhile, metabolites and mycoprotein of the microorganisms are nutrients required for growth of the microorganisms. The culture medium can kill pests and mixed bacteria in the culture medium through composting and high-temperature fermentation, and then a culture medium which is suitable for the growth of the agaricus bisporus and has good physicochemical properties is prepared through biological and chemical reactions in the fermentation process of the culture medium.
At present, in the industrialized production process of agaricus bisporus, a secondary fermentation process is adopted in many fermentation technologies of culture materials. The secondary fermentation technology is that the culture material is pasteurized and cooled, and then the secondary fermentation material is filled into a mushroom house and inoculated in the mushroom house. In the actual production process, the secondary fermentation technology is adopted, so that the situations of long mushroom cultivation period, more sundry fungi, low mushroom yield and the like generally exist, and the benefit is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing an agaricus bisporus culture material by using wheat straws, which is used for shortening the mushroom culture period, improving the quality of the culture material, improving the unit yield of the agaricus bisporus and reducing the labor intensity in the feeding stage.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing agaricus bisporus compost by using wheat straws comprises the steps of prewetting the wheat straws, mixing raw materials, performing primary fermentation, performing secondary fermentation and performing tertiary fermentation. Wherein:
the wheat straw pre-wetting process comprises the following steps: soaking wheat straw in water to obtain pre-wetted wheat straw.
The process of mixing the raw materials comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the pre-wetted wheat straw, the dry chicken manure, the wet chicken manure, the gypsum and the calcium superphosphate to obtain a mixture, wherein the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 70-75%.
The primary fermentation process comprises the following steps: and feeding the mixture into a fermentation tank for fermentation, and turning the mixture once every 2-4 days after the mixture is fed into a bin.
The secondary fermentation process comprises the following steps: feeding the material after primary fermentation into a secondary fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the fermentation sequentially passes through a temperature equalizing stage, a temperature raising stage, a pasteurization stage, a cooling stage, a temperature control stage and a temperature reduction stage, the material temperature in the temperature equalizing stage is 45-47 ℃, the temperature raising stage is to raise the temperature to 56 ℃, the pasteurization stage is to control the temperature to be 56-62 ℃ and last for 7.5-8.5h, the cooling stage is to reduce the temperature to 47-49 ℃ within 12h, the temperature control stage is to control the temperature to be 46-48 ℃ and last for 2-3d, and the temperature reduction stage is to reduce the temperature to 24-26 ℃.
The process of the third fermentation is as follows: adding peat 4-6 wt% into the material after the second fermentation, then sowing strains, and finally sending into a third fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the temperature of the fermented material is 24-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 88-92%, and the fermentation time is 13-15 d.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the weight ratio of the wheat straw to the chicken manure to the gypsum to the calcium superphosphate is as follows: 180-220 tons of wheat straw, 90-110 tons of wet chicken manure, 100-120 tons of dry chicken manure, 18-22 tons of gypsum and 18-22 tons of calcium superphosphate.
The weight ratio of the wheat straw to the chicken manure, the gypsum and the calcium superphosphate is preferably as follows: 200 tons of wheat straws, 100 tons of wet chicken manure, 110 tons of dry chicken manure, 20 tons of gypsum and 20 tons of calcium superphosphate.
The nitrogen content of the wheat straw is more than 0.35 percent, and the water content is less than 18 percent; the nitrogen content of the wet chicken manure is more than 4.0 percent, and the water content is less than 75 percent; the nitrogen content of the dry chicken manure is more than 3.5 percent, and the water content is less than 30 percent.
In the process of prewetting the wheat straws:
soaking in water for 10-20min, and shoveling the soaked wheat straw and water together until no dry material is seen.
The raw material mixing process comprises the following steps:
the uniformly mixing steps are as follows: firstly, piling up the pre-wetted wheat straws, and scattering dry chicken manure, wet chicken manure, gypsum and calcium superphosphate on a pile body; then, turning over the materials by using a loader; and finally, throwing the material on the ground by using a throwing machine. After the wheat straws are piled up, the rotary spray heads can be used for further spraying moisture to the wheat straws according to the moisture condition of the wheat straws, so that the wheat straws are fully pre-wetted.
In the process of the primary fermentation:
the ventilation is controlled according to the material temperature during the fermentation, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the temperature is less than 65 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 15min and then stopping for 15 min; when the temperature is 65-75 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 8min and then stopping for 22 min; when the temperature is higher than 75 ℃, the ventilation mode is selected to be 4min and then stopped for 26 min. Generally, a temperature probe is inserted into a material pile to a depth of about 1m, and an operator observes the conditions of the material temperature and the material and adjusts the frequency and the start-stop time of a fan in time.
The turning time is divided into: the materials stay for three days after entering the bin, and the first pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is turned for two days after the first pile turning, and the second pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is kept for two days after the second pile turning, and the third pile turning is carried out on the second day; and (4) staying for two days after the third pile turning, building piles on the site on the next day, and feeding the piles into a secondary fermentation tunnel on the next day after the piles are built.
In the process of the three-time fermentation:
the peat is preferably incorporated in an amount of 5 wt%. The materials are conveyed to a tertiary fermentation tunnel by a conveyer, and peat and strains are added on a conveyer belt of the conveyer.
The purpose of the primary fermentation is as follows: fully pre-wetting and uniformly mixing the raw materials, and generating heat by utilizing the fermentation of natural microorganisms in a material pile to generate high-temperature softened wheat and rice straws so as to promote the reproduction of thermophilic microbial cells; degrading organic matters and accumulating high molecular substances.
The purpose of the secondary fermentation is as follows: harmful organisms remained in the compost which is not completely decomposed are killed by pasteurization, appropriate conditions for activity and propagation of beneficial microbial floras (the optimal temperature of high-temperature bacteria is 50-60 ℃, the optimal temperature of actinomycetes is 50-55 ℃ and the optimal temperature of filamentous fungi is 45-53 ℃) are created, and selective nutrient sources suitable for the utilization of agaricus bisporus hyphae are accumulated.
The purpose of the three fermentations is as follows: the purified fermentation tunnel system is used for carrying out centralized agaricus bisporus mycelium removal, the temperature is controlled to be 24-26 ℃, and the moisture content of compost and the content of carbon dioxide in the fermentation environment can be well controlled due to fungus development in the closed environment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. pasteurization under high temperature and high humidity conditions is not necessary in the cultivation room, and therefore, damage to building facilities, accessory machines, and power systems is reduced.
2. Can effectively utilize the heat of stockpile fermentation, saves energy and has high efficiency.
3. The three times of fermentation can be carried out in the tunnel, namely, the fungus is grown intensively, and the piled materials with grown fungus are directly paved, covered with soil and grown.
4. The number of times of cultivation can be increased without increasing the building area of the cultivation room.
5. The mushroom growing in the air-conditioning mushroom house is transferred to the tunnel for growing the mushrooms in a word fermentation mode, the turnover period of the air-conditioning mushroom house can be shortened from 60 days to 45 days, and can be increased to 8 rounds from 6 rounds of cultivation per year, so that the yield of the agaricus bisporus and the economic benefit of a factory are obviously improved.
6. Peat is added during the third fermentation, and then direct inoculation can be carried out, and the rapid growth of mycelium is realized through the control of conditions such as temperature, humidity, gas and the like.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided only for illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A method for preparing an agaricus bisporus culture material by using wheat straws comprises the following steps:
1) preparing raw materials: preparing 220 tons of wheat straws, 100 tons of wet chicken manure (layer chicken manure), 110 tons of dry chicken manure (rice hull chicken manure), 20 tons of gypsum and 20 tons of calcium superphosphate; the nitrogen content of the wheat straw is more than 0.35 percent, and the water content is less than 18 percent; the nitrogen content of the wet chicken manure is more than 4.0 percent, and the water content is less than 75 percent; the nitrogen content of the dried chicken manure is more than 3.5 percent, and the water content is less than 30 percent.
2) Pre-wetting the wheat straws: soaking wheat straws in water for 15min, shoveling the soaked wheat straws and the water together, throwing the shoveled wheat straws and the water until dry materials cannot be seen, piling the pre-wetted wheat straws, and further wetting the wheat straws by using a rotary spray head according to the water content of the straws to fully pre-wet the wheat straws.
3) Mixing raw materials: spreading dry chicken manure, wet chicken manure, gypsum and calcium superphosphate on the pile body, then turning the materials by using a loader, and finally throwing the materials on the field by using a throwing machine; after the raw materials are mixed, the water content is controlled to be 70-75%.
4) Primary fermentation: feeding the stockpile into a fermentation tank by using a feeding machine for fermentation, after the feeding is finished, inserting a temperature probe into the stockpile to a depth of about 1m, observing the conditions of the temperature of the stockpile and the temperature of the material, and adjusting the frequency and the start-stop time of a ventilation fan in time; and turning the piles in the fermentation process.
The time of pile turning is divided into: the materials stay for three days after entering the bin, and the first pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is turned for two days after the first pile turning, and the second pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is kept for two days after the second pile turning, and the third pile turning is carried out on the second day; and (3) staying for two days after the third pile turning, building piles on the site the next day, and feeding the piles into a secondary fermentation tunnel the next day after building piles, wherein the fermentation time is about 14 d.
The requirements for controlling the ventilation are: when the temperature is less than 65 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 15min and then stopping for 15 min; when the temperature is 65-75 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 8min and then stopping for 22 min; when the temperature is higher than 75 ℃, the ventilation mode is selected to be 4min and then stopped for 26 min. Generally, a temperature probe is inserted into a material pile to a depth of about 1m, and an operator observes the conditions of the material temperature and the material and adjusts the frequency and the start-stop time of a fan in time.
5) And (3) secondary fermentation: feeding the material after primary fermentation into a secondary fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the fermentation sequentially passes through a temperature equalizing stage, a temperature raising stage, a pasteurization stage, a cooling stage, a temperature control stage and a temperature reduction stage, the material temperature in the temperature equalizing stage is 45-47 ℃, the temperature raising stage is to raise the temperature to 56 ℃, the pasteurization stage is to control the temperature to be 56-62 ℃ and last for 8 hours, the cooling stage is to lower the temperature to 47-49 ℃ within 12 hours, the temperature control stage is to control the temperature to be 46-48 ℃ and last for 2.5 days, and the temperature reduction stage is to reduce the temperature to 24-26 ℃.
6) And (3) fermenting for the third time: removing the secondary fermented material out of the tunnel by using a conveyer, scattering the material on a conveying belt, then adding 5 wt% of peat, spraying the strain on the fermented material by using a seeder, uniformly mixing, and finally feeding the material into a tertiary fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the temperature of the fermented material is 24-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 88-92%, the fermentation time is 14 days, the whole process is kept naturally ventilated and not anaerobic, and the material can be fed into a mushroom house after the fermentation is finished.
Example 2
A method for preparing an agaricus bisporus culture material by using wheat straws comprises the following steps:
1) preparing raw materials: preparing 180 tons of wheat straws, 110 tons of wet chicken manure (layer chicken manure), 100 tons of dry chicken manure (rice hull chicken manure), 22 tons of gypsum and 18 tons of calcium superphosphate; the nitrogen content of the wheat straw is more than 0.35 percent, and the water content is less than 18 percent; the nitrogen content of the wet chicken manure is more than 4.0 percent, and the water content is less than 75 percent; the nitrogen content of the dried chicken manure is more than 3.5 percent, and the water content is less than 30 percent.
2) Pre-wetting the wheat straws: soaking wheat straws in water for 10min, shoveling the soaked wheat straws and the water together, throwing the shoveled wheat straws and the water until dry materials cannot be seen, piling the pre-wetted wheat straws, and further wetting the wheat straws by using a rotary spray head according to the water-containing condition of the straws to fully pre-wet the wheat straws.
3) Mixing raw materials: spreading dry chicken manure, wet chicken manure, gypsum and calcium superphosphate on the pile body, then turning the materials by using a loader, and finally throwing the materials on the field by using a throwing machine; after the raw materials are mixed, the water content is controlled to be 70-75%.
4) Primary fermentation: feeding the stockpile into a fermentation tank by using a feeding machine for fermentation, after the feeding is finished, inserting a temperature probe into the stockpile to a depth of about 1m, observing the conditions of the temperature of the stockpile and the temperature of the material, and adjusting the frequency and the start-stop time of a ventilation fan in time; and turning the piles in the fermentation process.
The time of pile turning is divided into: the materials stay for three days after entering the bin, and the first pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is turned for two days after the first pile turning, and the second pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is kept for two days after the second pile turning, and the third pile turning is carried out on the second day; and (3) staying for two days after the third pile turning, building piles on the site the next day, and feeding the piles into a secondary fermentation tunnel the next day after building piles, wherein the fermentation time is about 14 d.
The requirements for controlling the ventilation are: when the temperature is less than 65 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 15min and then stopping for 15 min; when the temperature is 65-75 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 8min and then stopping for 22 min; when the temperature is higher than 75 ℃, the ventilation mode is selected to be 4min and then stopped for 26 min. Generally, a temperature probe is inserted into a material pile to a depth of about 1m, and an operator observes the conditions of the material temperature and the material and adjusts the frequency and the start-stop time of a fan in time.
5) And (3) secondary fermentation: feeding the material after primary fermentation into a secondary fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the fermentation sequentially passes through a temperature equalizing stage, a temperature raising stage, a pasteurization stage, a cooling stage, a temperature control stage and a temperature reduction stage, the material temperature in the temperature equalizing stage is 45-47 ℃, the temperature raising stage is to raise the temperature to 56 ℃, the pasteurization stage is to control the temperature to be 56-62 ℃ and last for 8.5 hours, the cooling stage is to lower the temperature to 47-49 ℃ within 12 hours, the temperature control stage is to control the temperature to be 46-48 ℃ and last for 2 days, and the temperature reduction stage is to reduce the temperature to 24-26 ℃.
6) And (3) fermenting for the third time: removing the secondary fermented material out of the tunnel by using a conveyer, scattering the material when the material is conveyed on a belt, then adding 4-6 wt% of peat, scattering the strain on the fermented material by using a seeder, uniformly mixing, and finally feeding the material into a tertiary fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the temperature of the fermented material is 24-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 88-92%, the fermentation time is 15d, the whole process is kept to be naturally ventilated and not anaerobic, and the material can be fed into a mushroom house after the fermentation is finished.
Example 3
A method for preparing an agaricus bisporus culture material by using wheat straws comprises the following steps:
1) preparing raw materials: preparing 220 tons of wheat straws, 90 tons of wet chicken manure (layer chicken manure), 120 tons of dry chicken manure (rice hull chicken manure), 18 tons of gypsum and 22 tons of calcium superphosphate; the nitrogen content of the wheat straw is more than 0.35 percent, and the water content is less than 18 percent; the nitrogen content of the wet chicken manure is more than 4.0 percent, and the water content is less than 75 percent; the nitrogen content of the dried chicken manure is more than 3.5 percent, and the water content is less than 30 percent.
2) Pre-wetting the wheat straws: soaking wheat straws in water for 20min, shoveling the soaked wheat straws and the water together, throwing the shoveled wheat straws and the water until dry materials cannot be seen, piling the pre-wetted wheat straws, and further wetting the wheat straws by using a rotary spray head according to the water content of the straws to fully pre-wet the wheat straws.
3) Mixing raw materials: spreading dry chicken manure, wet chicken manure, gypsum and calcium superphosphate on the pile body, then turning the materials by using a loader, and finally throwing the materials on the field by using a throwing machine; after the raw materials are mixed, the water content is controlled to be 70-75%.
4) Primary fermentation: feeding the stockpile into a fermentation tank by using a feeding machine for fermentation, after the feeding is finished, inserting a temperature probe into the stockpile to a depth of about 1m, observing the conditions of the temperature of the stockpile and the temperature of the material, and adjusting the frequency and the start-stop time of a ventilation fan in time; and turning the piles in the fermentation process.
The time of pile turning is divided into: the materials stay for three days after entering the bin, and the first pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is turned for two days after the first pile turning, and the second pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is kept for two days after the second pile turning, and the third pile turning is carried out on the second day; and (3) staying for two days after the third pile turning, building piles on the site the next day, and feeding the piles into a secondary fermentation tunnel the next day after building piles, wherein the fermentation time is about 14 d.
The requirements for controlling the ventilation are: when the temperature is less than 65 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 15min and then stopping for 15 min; when the temperature is 65-75 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 8min and then stopping for 22 min; when the temperature is higher than 75 ℃, the ventilation mode is selected to be 4min and then stopped for 26 min. Generally, a temperature probe is inserted into a material pile to a depth of about 1m, and an operator observes the conditions of the material temperature and the material and adjusts the frequency and the start-stop time of a fan in time.
5) And (3) secondary fermentation: feeding the material after primary fermentation into a secondary fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the fermentation sequentially passes through a temperature equalizing stage, a temperature raising stage, a pasteurization stage, a cooling stage, a temperature control stage and a temperature reduction stage, the material temperature in the temperature equalizing stage is 45-47 ℃, the temperature raising stage is to raise the temperature to 56 ℃, the pasteurization stage is to control the temperature to be 56-62 ℃ and last for 7.5 hours, the cooling stage is to lower the temperature to 47-49 ℃ within 12 hours, the temperature control stage is to control the temperature to be 46-48 ℃ and last for 3 days, and the temperature reduction stage is to reduce the temperature to 24-26 ℃.
6) And (3) fermenting for the third time: removing the secondary fermented material out of the tunnel by using a conveyer, scattering the material when the material is conveyed on a belt, then adding 4-6 wt% of peat, scattering the strain on the fermented material by using a seeder, uniformly mixing, and finally feeding the material into a tertiary fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the temperature of the fermented material is 24-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 88-92%, the fermentation time is 13d, the whole process is kept to be naturally ventilated and not anaerobic, and the material can be fed into a mushroom house after the fermentation is finished.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing an agaricus bisporus culture material by using wheat straws is characterized by comprising the following steps: includes the steps of pre-wetting the wheat straw, mixing the raw materials, primary fermentation, secondary fermentation and tertiary fermentation;
the wheat straw pre-wetting process comprises the following steps: soaking wheat straws in water to obtain pre-wetted wheat straws;
the process of mixing the raw materials comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the pre-wetted wheat straw, dry chicken manure, wet chicken manure, gypsum and calcium superphosphate to obtain a mixture, wherein the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 70-75%;
the primary fermentation process comprises the following steps: feeding the mixture into a fermentation tank for fermentation, and turning the mixture once every 2-4 days after the mixture is fed into a bin;
the secondary fermentation process comprises the following steps: feeding the material after primary fermentation into a secondary fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the fermentation sequentially passes through a temperature equalizing stage, a temperature raising stage, a pasteurization stage, a cooling stage, a temperature control stage and a temperature reduction stage, the material temperature in the temperature equalizing stage is 45-47 ℃, the temperature raising stage is to raise the temperature to 56 ℃, the pasteurization stage is to control the temperature to be 56-62 ℃ and last for 7.5-8.5h, the cooling stage is to reduce the temperature to 47-49 ℃ within 12h, the temperature control stage is to control the temperature to be 46-48 ℃ and last for 2-3d, and the temperature reduction stage is to reduce the temperature to 24-26 ℃;
the process of the third fermentation is as follows: adding peat 4-6 wt% into the material after the second fermentation, then sowing strains, and finally sending into a third fermentation tunnel for fermentation, wherein the temperature of the fermented material is 24-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 88-92%, and the fermentation time is 13-15 d.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the prewetting of the wheat straw: soaking in water for 10-20min, and shoveling the soaked wheat straw and water together until no dry material is seen.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the wheat straw to the chicken manure, the gypsum and the calcium superphosphate is as follows: 180-220 tons of wheat straw, 90-110 tons of wet chicken manure, 100-120 tons of dry chicken manure, 18-22 tons of gypsum and 18-22 tons of calcium superphosphate.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the wheat straw to the chicken manure, the gypsum and the calcium superphosphate is as follows: 200 tons of wheat straws, 100 tons of wet chicken manure, 110 tons of dry chicken manure, 20 tons of gypsum and 20 tons of calcium superphosphate.
5. The method of claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein: the nitrogen content of the wheat straw is more than 0.35 percent, and the water content is less than 18 percent; the nitrogen content of the wet chicken manure is more than 4.0 percent, and the water content is less than 75 percent; the nitrogen content of the dry chicken manure is more than 3.5 percent, and the water content is less than 30 percent.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in the raw material mixing process, the uniformly mixing step is as follows: firstly, piling up the pre-wetted wheat straws, and scattering dry chicken manure, wet chicken manure, gypsum and calcium superphosphate on a pile body; then, turning over the materials by using a loader; and finally, throwing the material on the ground by using a throwing machine.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the primary fermentation, the ventilation is controlled according to the temperature of the material, specifically: when the temperature is less than 65 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 15min and then stopping for 15 min; when the temperature is 65-75 ℃, selecting a mode of ventilating for 8min and then stopping for 22 min; when the temperature is higher than 75 ℃, the ventilation mode is selected to be 4min and then stopped for 26 min.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the time distribution of turning during the primary fermentation is as follows: the materials stay for three days after entering the bin, and the first pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is turned for two days after the first pile turning, and the second pile turning is carried out on the next day; the pile is kept for two days after the second pile turning, and the third pile turning is carried out on the second day; and (4) staying for two days after the third pile turning, building piles on the site on the next day, and feeding the piles into a secondary fermentation tunnel on the next day after the piles are built.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mixing amount of the peat is 5 wt%.
10. The method according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: in the process of the third fermentation, materials are conveyed to a third fermentation tunnel through a conveyer, and peat and strains are added on a conveyer belt of the conveyer; the fermentation process of the third fermentation is kept aerated.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112889580A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-04 | 安徽众兴菌业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of pre-fermented chicken manure for agaricus bisporus culture medium |
| CN113303170A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-08-27 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for preparing agaricus bisporus compost by taking rice straws as raw materials through three-time fermentation |
| CN113330983A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-09-03 | 上海大学 | Industrialized cultivation method of agaricus bisporus |
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| CN112889580A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-04 | 安徽众兴菌业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of pre-fermented chicken manure for agaricus bisporus culture medium |
| CN113330983A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-09-03 | 上海大学 | Industrialized cultivation method of agaricus bisporus |
| CN113303170A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-08-27 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for preparing agaricus bisporus compost by taking rice straws as raw materials through three-time fermentation |
| CN113303170B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-02-21 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for preparing agaricus bisporus compost by taking rice straws as raw materials through three-time fermentation |
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