CN111972267A - Sowing method for improving transplanting survival rate and growth amount of carya illinoensis bud seedlings - Google Patents
Sowing method for improving transplanting survival rate and growth amount of carya illinoensis bud seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN111972267A CN111972267A CN202010883847.4A CN202010883847A CN111972267A CN 111972267 A CN111972267 A CN 111972267A CN 202010883847 A CN202010883847 A CN 202010883847A CN 111972267 A CN111972267 A CN 111972267A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sowing method for improving transplanting survival rate and growth amount of carya illinoensis bud seedlings, and belongs to the technical field of forest seedling cultivation. Selecting healthy, full and mechanically-injury-free seeds, soaking the seeds, and then carrying out sand storage treatment; the container bags are placed in the seeding and germination accelerating pond, reasonable close planting is carried out on the container bags, a large number of fibrous roots are promoted in the growth process of the seedling root systems, the root systems in the container bags are completely stored during transplanting, the seedling is not damaged during lifting, and the transplanting survival rate of the seedlings is high. Meanwhile, partial fibrous roots are kept in the container bag, so that the seedling revival period can be reduced, and the annual growth amount of the transplanted bud seedlings is obvious; solves the problems of low survival rate and small growth amount in the current cultivation process of apocarya seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forest seedling cultivation, and particularly relates to a sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth amount of carya illinoensis bud seedlings.
Background
Apocarya, also known as pecan, belongs to the genus hickory of the family juglandaceae and is an ecological and economical tree species integrating high-grade dry fruits, landscaping and high-grade wood. The sowing and cultivation of the apocarya mainly comprises the following modes:
1. after being treated, the seeds are directly sown in a field, and the specific method comprises the following steps: scattering organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer to soil in autumn and rainy season, crushing the soil, and ridging; immediately covering a film after the rainwater passes; the seeds are soaked in a potassium permanganate solution for a short time and then soaked in a gibberellin solution for 24 hours. And sowing the seeds into a field seedbed. Distributing seeds by using the treated seeds, and then covering a film; when the seeds germinate, removing the upper layer membrane; and (3) when the seedlings grow to 15-20 cm, sowing urea, wherein the amount of urea is 15 kg/mu. The planting method has the following problems: (1) the seedling raising environment has poor temperature increasing effect and low seed germination rate; (2) the bud seedlings are directly cultivated in the field, the bud seedlings are transplanted without a root breaking link, and the survival rate of the grafted seedlings is low; (3) the field sowing has high difficulty in controlling temperature and moisture, and the seedling growth amount is small.
2. Seedbed seeding in the greenhouse comprises the following specific steps: a seedbed with the width of 3m and the depth of 20cm is excavated in the steel frame greenhouse, and a seedling culture substrate is filled in the seedbed. The seeds stored in the sand are sown into a seedbed, the upper layer is covered by a matrix for 3-5cm, and a small arched shed is additionally covered on the upper layer to form a heating mode of a double-layer film of an external steel frame greenhouse film and an internal small arched shed film. When the seeds bud by about 50%, the small arched shed film is removed, and when 3-5 leaves are spread by the seedlings, the seedlings can be transplanted. The method has the following problems: (1) water is easy to accumulate at the bottom of the seedbed, and the germination rate is influenced by rotting of seeds; (2) the root system of the bud seedling is pricked into the soil, the transplanting difficulty of the bud seedling is high, and the transplanting survival rate is low; (3) when the bud seedlings are transplanted, the root systems are too tender and are easy to be injured, the transplanted bud seedlings have a seedling revival stage, and the annual growth quantity is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of carya illinoensis bud seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) building a seeding and germination accelerating pool in the seedling raising greenhouse, building the bottom of the seeding and germination accelerating pool into a V shape, placing a PVC pipe at the V-shaped bottom, and reserving a water seepage hole on the upward surface of the V-shaped bottom and covering the V-shaped bottom with water seepage anvil cloth; then laying a layer of stones, and laying a layer of mixed matrix on the upper layer; container bags are closely arranged on the upper layer of the mixed matrix, the container bags are filled with the mixed matrix for seedling cultivation, and the container bags are watered thoroughly;
(2) placing the pecan seeds on a container bag, placing one end of the embryo of the seeds to the right center of the container bag, and lightly pressing; covering the seeds with 3-5cm of mixed matrix; the seeding density of the apocarya seeds is 250-350 grains/m2；
(3) Scraping the mixed matrix, watering, and additionally installing a small arch shed, wherein the water content of the matrix is controlled to be 40-50%; keeping the temperature of the substrate in the arched shed at 20-25 ℃.
The sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth amount of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings comprises the following steps of pretreating seeds before sowing: selecting healthy, full and mechanically-damaged-free seeds, soaking the seeds, and then carrying out sand storage treatment.
The sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth amount of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings comprises the steps of soaking the carya illinoensis bud seedlings for 5-7 days by using 800-time liquid of 50% carbendazim before sowing, taking out the carya illinoensis bud seedlings and then carrying out laminated sand storage treatment, wherein each layer of seeds is suitable for being not laminated, the periphery of each layer of seeds is fully contacted with wet sand, the thickness of each layer of seeds is 3-4cm, and the sand storage is carried out for 20-30 days.
According to the sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of the bud seedlings of the carya illinoensis, the width of the seedling raising pool is 80-100cm, the depth of the seedling raising pool is 30cm, the diameter of a PVC pipe is 6-8cm, and the density of water seepage holes is 15-25 holes/m.
The seeding method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth amount of the bud seedlings of the carya illinoensis is characterized in that the particle size of stones is 1-2 cm; the thickness of the stone is 5cm, and the thickness of the mixed matrix is 20-25 cm.
According to the sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings, the mixed matrix is a mixture of turfy soil and perlite, and the volume ratio of the turfy soil to the perlite is 3: 2.
According to the sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings, the size of the container bag is 6cm multiplied by 10 cm.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the sowing method of the carya illinoensis provided by the invention has the advantages of high seed germination rate, uniform and regular germination and the like.
(2) The invention uses container bags (also called sausage bags) to sow and grow seedlings, so that the root systems of the seedlings are promoted to grow a great amount of fibrous roots in the growth process, the root systems in the container bags are completely preserved in the transplanting process, the seedlings are not damaged in the lifting process, and the transplanting survival rate of the seedlings is high. Meanwhile, partial fibrous roots are kept in the container bag, the seedling revival period can be reduced, and the annual growth amount after the bud seedlings are transplanted is obvious.
(3) The method provided by the invention is more beneficial to the selection process of the bud seedlings when transplanting and lifting the seedlings. The adjacent seedlings can not be influenced in the seedling lifting process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with examples are described in detail below.
Example 1
A sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of carya illinoensis bud seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection and treatment
Selecting healthy, full and mechanically-damaged-free seeds, soaking the seeds in 800 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 5-7 days, taking out the seeds, and then carrying out lamination sand storage treatment, wherein each layer of seeds is suitable for the seeds not to be laminated, the periphery of the seeds is fully contacted with wet sand, the thickness of each layer is 3-4cm, and the sand storage time is 20-30 days.
(2) Construction of seeding germination accelerating pool
A seedling raising pond with the width of 80-100cm and the depth of 30cm is built in a seedling raising greenhouse, the bottom of the seedling raising pond is built into a V shape, a PVC pipe with the diameter of 6-8cm is placed at the bottom of the V shape, a water seepage hole (the density is about 20 holes/m) is reserved on the upward surface of the V-shaped bottom, and the V-shaped bottom is covered by water-permeable anvil cloth. Then paving stones with the thickness of 5cm (the grain diameter is 1-2cm), and paving the mixed matrix with the thickness of about 15cm on the upper layer (the volume ratio of the turfy soil to the perlite is 3: 2).
(3) Use of sausage bag
The upper layer of the mixed matrix is tightly arranged by container bags (also called sausage bags) with the size of 6cm × 10cm and filled with seedling culture matrix, and is watered thoroughly. Placing the seeds of Carya illinoensis in 300 grains/m container bag2. When the container is placed, one end of the embryo bud of the seed is placed at the right center of the container bag, and the container bag is lightly pressed to prevent the seed position from moving when the upper layer is covered with the matrix. The seeds were covered lightly with 3-5cm of mixed matrix.
And scraping the matrix by using a scraper, watering after seeding, additionally arranging a small arch shed, and installing a sprinkling irrigation facility. The water content of the substrate is kept between 40 and 50 percent, and the water replenishing is started when the water content of the substrate is lower than the value in the range. Keeping the temperature of the matrix in the arched shed at 20-25 deg.C for more than 15 days, and germinating.
By adopting the method to improve the seeding and seedling raising of the carya illinoensis, the transplanting survival rate of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings finally reaches 98%, and the average growth amount of the transplanted carya illinoensis seedlings in the current year reaches 65 cm; compared with the sowing and seedling raising mode adopting field direct seeding and seedling raising and seedbed broadcast sowing, the effect is very obvious, and the sowing and seedling raising processes of field direct seeding and seedling raising and seedbed broadcast sowing are elaborated in detail in the background technology; wherein the transplanting survival rate of the sowing mode of direct seeding and seedling raising in the field is only 35 percent, and the average growth quantity of the transplanting in the current year is 25 cm; the transplanting survival rate of the seedbed broadcast sowing mode is only 80%, and the average growth amount of the transplanting in the current year is 50 cm; the sowing and seedling raising mode of the invention has very good effect.
TABLE 1 comparison of transplanting conditions of sprout cultured by different seeding methods of carya illinoensis
| Sowing method | Survival Rate of transplantation (%) | Transplanting the average growth (cm) of the current year |
| Direct seeding and seedling raising in field | 35 | 25 |
| Seedbed broadcast sowing | 80 | 50 |
| Method of the invention | 98 | 65 |
Claims (7)
1. A sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of carya illinoensis bud seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) building a seeding and germination accelerating pool in the seedling raising greenhouse, building the bottom of the seeding and germination accelerating pool into a V shape, placing a PVC pipe at the V-shaped bottom, and reserving a water seepage hole on the upward surface of the V-shaped bottom and covering the V-shaped bottom with water seepage anvil cloth; then laying a layer of stones, and laying a layer of mixed matrix on the upper layer; container bags are closely arranged on the upper layer of the mixed matrix, the container bags are filled with the mixed matrix for seedling cultivation, and the container bags are watered thoroughly;
(2) placing the pecan seeds on a container bag, placing one end of the embryo of the seeds to the right center of the container bag, and lightly pressing; covering the seeds with 3-5cm of mixed matrix; the seeding density of the apocarya seeds is 250-350 grains/m2；
(3) Scraping the mixed matrix, watering, and additionally installing a small arch shed, wherein the water content of the matrix is controlled to be 40-50%; keeping the temperature of the substrate in the arched shed at 20-25 ℃.
2. The sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth amount of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that seeds are pretreated before sowing: selecting healthy, full and mechanically-damaged-free seeds, soaking the seeds, and then carrying out sand storage treatment.
3. The sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carya illinoensis bud seedlings are soaked in 800-fold liquid of 50% carbendazim for 5-7 days before sowing, and then are taken out and subjected to layering sand storage treatment, wherein each layer of seeds is suitable for non-lamination, the periphery of the seeds is fully contacted with wet sand, the thickness of each layer is 3-4cm, and the sand storage is carried out for 20-30 days.
4. The sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the width of the seedling raising pool is 80-100cm, the depth of the seedling raising pool is 30cm, the diameter of a PVC pipe is 6-8cm, and the density of water seepage holes is 15-25 holes/m.
5. The sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth amount of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the stones is 1-2 cm; the thickness of the stone is 5cm, and the thickness of the mixed matrix is 20-25 cm.
6. The sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth quantity of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the mixed matrix is a mixture of turfy soil and perlite, and the volume ratio of the turfy soil to the perlite is 3: 2.
7. The sowing method for improving the transplanting survival rate and the growth amount of the carya illinoensis bud seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the size of the container bag is 6cm x 10 cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010883847.4A CN111972267A (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Sowing method for improving transplanting survival rate and growth amount of carya illinoensis bud seedlings |
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| CN202010883847.4A CN111972267A (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Sowing method for improving transplanting survival rate and growth amount of carya illinoensis bud seedlings |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255367A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 石河子大学 | Amygdalus mongolica nursery land container seedling cultivation method and plastic bowl container bag |
| CN104521577A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 吴中区金庭小美华家庭农场 | Container seedling raising method for torreya grandis |
| CN108770669A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-09 | 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of the excellent container seedling of apocarya |
| CN109906912A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-21 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of matrix formulations of thin shell mountain pecan raising peach tree seedlings in container, preparation method and applications |
-
2020
- 2020-08-28 CN CN202010883847.4A patent/CN111972267A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255367A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 石河子大学 | Amygdalus mongolica nursery land container seedling cultivation method and plastic bowl container bag |
| CN104521577A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 吴中区金庭小美华家庭农场 | Container seedling raising method for torreya grandis |
| CN108770669A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-09 | 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of the excellent container seedling of apocarya |
| CN109906912A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-21 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of matrix formulations of thin shell mountain pecan raising peach tree seedlings in container, preparation method and applications |
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Application publication date: 20201124 |