CN111883832A - 一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件 - Google Patents
一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111883832A CN111883832A CN202010725900.8A CN202010725900A CN111883832A CN 111883832 A CN111883832 A CN 111883832A CN 202010725900 A CN202010725900 A CN 202010725900A CN 111883832 A CN111883832 A CN 111883832A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- lithium ion
- ion battery
- carbonate
- lithium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 sulfate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MLBWTXHUVGBPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyridin-4-ylheptan-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 MLBWTXHUVGBPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-3-ylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCCN1C1CNCC1 HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IJMWOMHMDSDKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(C)C IJMWOMHMDSDKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WLLOZRDOFANZMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F WLLOZRDOFANZMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LEGITHRSIRNTQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound OC(O)=O.FC(F)(F)C=C LEGITHRSIRNTQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- PSRZMXNNQTWAGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4,4,4-trifluorobutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC(F)(F)F PSRZMXNNQTWAGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GBPVMEKUJUKTBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F GBPVMEKUJUKTBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JLCAMDSWNZBTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(F)(F)F JLCAMDSWNZBTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PMGBATZKLCISOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(F)(F)F PMGBATZKLCISOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOWSJJBOQDKOHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F ZOWSJJBOQDKOHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FPBJCOIQZLWHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-difluoro-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)OC1(F)F FPBJCOIQZLWHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910002991 LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XHXAYHNORALWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CO1)OC1=O.F.F Chemical compound CC(CO1)OC1=O.F.F XHXAYHNORALWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetonitrile Substances CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PQLFROTZSIMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC=C PQLFROTZSIMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M isovalerate Chemical compound CC(C)CC([O-])=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/46—Metal oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/64—Liquid electrolytes characterised by additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件,所述锂离子电池电解液包括功能性电解液添加剂,所述功能性电解液添加剂包括如式Ⅰ所示的硫酸脂类化合物。本发明的锂离子电池电解液应用到锂离子电池中,会在负极材料表面形成一层稳定性极高的保护膜,从而对负极材料进行保护,达到提高锂离子电池的充放电循环性能目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于锂电池技术领域,尤其涉及一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件。
背景技术
随着新能源汽车、动力储能及高性能数码产品的发展,人们对电池的性能及适用范围有了更易高的要求,这就需要开发能满足需求日益增长的锂离子电池。对于提高电池的循环寿命和温度适用性显得尤其重要。
锂离子电池因其高理论能量密度而受到广泛关注。目前为止,锂离子电池性能的改善已经取得伟大成就,但是,随着科技的进步,社会发展,人们对电能的需求提出了更为严峻的考验。例如更宽广的温度适用范围、更高的倍率能力和更长循环寿命。为了应对这些挑战,有必要构建一个高效的电解液体系,电解液的性质会显著影响锂离子电池的性能。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件,该电解液浸泡负极材料后,可在负极材料表面形成保护膜,从而提高锂离子电池的循环性能、倍率性能和高温存储性能。
为达此目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一方面,本发明提供一种锂离子电池电解液,所述锂离子电池电解液包括功能性电解液添加剂,所述功能性电解液添加剂包括如式Ⅰ所示的硫酸脂类化合物:
其中R选自氢原子、氟原子、未取代的C1~C10的烃基、含氧C1~C10的烃基、含硅C1~C10的烃基或氰基取代的C1~C10的烃基。
在本发明中,所述C1~C10即指所述基团中碳原子个数为1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个。
合成路径如下列公式:
在本发明中,含硫酸酯类的电解液中电池总电阻明显要比不含硫酸酯类的电解液中的小,硫酸酯类添加剂的加入有利于改善电极/电解液界面反应的动力学性质。MCMB电极表面形成了一层薄而稳定的SEI膜,从而减小了电极过程中Li迁移过程的阻力,有利于可逆嵌脱锂过程的进行。
优选地,所述锂离子电池电解液中所述功能性电解液添加剂的质量百分含量为0.5-3.0%,例如0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、2.5%或3.0%等。
优选地,所述锂离子电池电解液中包括锂盐电解质,所述锂盐电解质为六氟磷酸锂、双氟磺酸亚胺锂或双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺锂的至少一种。
优选地,所述锂离子电池电解液中锂盐电解质的质量百分含量为12-15%,例如12.5%、13.75%或15%。
优选地,所述锂离子电池电解液中包括非水性有机溶剂。
优选地,所述非水性有机溶剂为碳酸酯、卤代碳酸酯、羧酸酯、丙酸酯、氟醚、芳香烃及卤代芳烃中的至少一种。
优选地,所述碳酸酯为碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸丙烯酯(PC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)、碳酸二甲酯(DMC)或碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)中的至少一种。
优选地,所述非水性有机溶剂为碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)和碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)的组合,所述组合中,碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸二乙酯和碳酸甲乙酯的体积比为3:2:5。
优选地,所述卤代碳酸酯为氟代碳酸乙烯酯(FEC)、二氟代碳酸乙烯酯(DFEC)、双氟碳酸丙烯酯、三氟代乙酸乙酯、三氟乙基甲基碳酸酯、三氟甲基碳酸乙烯酯、4-三氟代甲基碳酸乙烯酯、氯代碳酸乙烯酯、二(2,2,2-三氟乙基)碳酸酯、三氟丙酸甲酯、3,3,3-三氟代乙酸乙酯、2-(三氟甲基)苯甲酸甲酯、4,4,4-三氟丁酸乙酯、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基丙烯酸酯中的至少一种。
优选地,所述羧酸酯为丁酸丙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸异丙酯、丙酸丁酯、丙酸异丙酯或丁酸乙酯中的至少一种。
优选地,所述丙酸酯为丙酸甲酯(EM)、丙酸乙酯(EP)或丙酸丙酯(PP)中的至少一种。
本发明电解液的溶剂对SEI膜有着举足轻重的作用,不同的溶剂在形成SEI膜中的作用不同。例如,在PC溶液中,形成的SEI膜不能完全覆盖表面,电解液很容易在石墨表面反应,产生不可逆容量。在纯EC做溶剂时,生成的SEI膜主要成分是(CH2OCOOLi)2,而加入DEC或DMC后,形成的SEI膜的主要成分分别为C2H5COOLi和Li2CO3。显然,后二者形成的SEI膜更稳定。碳酸酯、卤代碳酸酯、羧酸酯、丙酸酯、芳香烃及其卤代芳烃等非水性有机溶剂对于SEI膜的形成和稳定有着不同程度的作用,一般都会将几种溶剂采用不同配比组成不同混合体系的溶剂,优选EC:DEC:EMC的比例为3:2:5,再此基础上加入所述添加剂可提高电池的循环寿命。
优选地,所述锂离子电池电解液中非水性有机溶剂的质量百分含量为5-70%,例如5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、40%、50%、60%或70%。
优选地,所述锂离子电池电解液还包括电解液稳定剂。
优选地,所述电解液稳定剂为六甲基二硅胺烷、乙醇胺或亚磷酸三苯酯中的至少一种。
优选地,所述锂离子电池电解液中电解液稳定剂的质量百分含量为0.5-3.0%,例如0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、2.5%或3.0%,进一步优选1-3%。
另一方面,本发明提供一种电池负极,所述电池负极包括如上所述的锂离子电池电解液。
负极电极浸没在本发明的锂离子电池电解液中,会在负极材料表面形成一层稳定性极高的保护膜,从而对负极材料进行保护,达到提高锂离子电池的充放电循环性能目的。
优选地,所述电池负极的材料为石墨,或单晶硅与石墨的复合材料,或氧化亚硅与石墨的复合材料。
另一方面,本发明提供一种电化学储能器件,所述电化学储能器件包括如上所述电池负极。
优选地,所述电化学储能器件包括硫基锂电池、金属离子电池、金属空气电池或超级电容。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明的电解液通过采用所述功能性电解液添加剂,使得当由金属锂、石墨或者硅碳复合材料制备的负极电极浸没在电解液中时,会在负极材料表面形成一层稳定性极高的保护膜,从而对负极材料进行保护,进一步起到提高锂离子电池的充放电循环和高温存储性能的作用。
通过对本发明的电解液制备出的锂电池进行常温循环测试、高温45℃循环测试和高温60℃存储测试,证明本发明的电解液可以提高锂离子电池的长循环和高温存储性能。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了,所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本发明,不应视为对本发明的具体限制。
实施例中使用的材料如下:
本实验正极采用粘结剂PVDF-S5130、复合导电剂Super-P/KS-6(质量比Super-P:KS-6=2:1)、622镍钴锰三元正极材料或钴酸锂正极材料、溶剂NMP(N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,N-甲基吡咯烷酮),负极采用C-P15、导电剂Super-P溶剂CMC、H2O、粘结剂SBR为原材料,分别采用湿法制浆工艺制备浆料,正极调节黏度11000mPa·s,负极调节黏度2000mPa·s,设计N/P比为1.12,容量为1671mAh,通过涂布、切片、辊压、分条、140℃干燥8h、贴胶带、卷电芯、80℃干燥48h,然后按着下述不同的电解液配方对锂离子电池注液封口、搁置24h、化成、一次终封、老化、二次终封制备出锂离子软包电池,然后对电池进行循环性能和安全性能的测试。
实施例1
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、PE隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1实施例1所示质量百分含量的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
实施例2
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1实施例2所示质量百分含量的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
实施例3
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1实施例3所示质量百分含量的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
实施例4
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1实施例4所示质量百分含量的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
实施例5
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1实施例5所示质量百分含量的的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
实施例6
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1实施例6所示质量百分含量的的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
实施例7
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1实施例7所示质量百分含量的的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
对比例1
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1对比例1所示质量百分含量的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
对比例2
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1对比例2所示质量百分含量的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
对比例3
一种LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨电池,包括正极,负极、隔膜,以及电解液,其中所述电解液为非水电解液,且所述非水电解液的总重量为100%,含有有表1对比例3所示质量百分含量的组分以及20%LiPF6盐。
表1
表2为实施例1-7以及对比例1-3电解液制备的锂离子电池的高温存储(60℃存储7天)性能,表3为实施例1-7以及对比例1-3的电解液制备的锂离子电池的常温(25℃)循环性能容量保持率。表4为实施例1-7以及对比例1-3的电解液制备的锂离子电池的高温(45℃)循环性能容量保持率。
表2
表3
表4
由表2-4的结果可以看出,2-甲腈亚硫酸酯、氟代2-甲腈亚硫酸酯和三氟2-乙腈亚硫酸酯可以显著提高电池的高温循环、常温循环和高温存储性能。
申请人声明,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件,但本发明并不局限于上述实施例,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述实施例才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
Claims (10)
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的锂离子电池电解液,其特征在于,所述锂离子电池电解液中所述功能性电解液添加剂的质量百分含量为0.5-3.0%,优选1-3%。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的锂离子电池电解液,其特征在于,所述锂离子电池电解液中包括锂盐电解质,所述锂盐电解质为六氟磷酸锂、双氟磺酸亚胺锂或双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺锂的至少一种;
优选地,所述锂离子电池电解液中锂盐电解质的质量百分含量为12-15%。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的锂离子电池电解液,其特征在于,所述锂离子电池电解液中包括非水性有机溶剂;
优选地,所述非水性有机溶剂为碳酸酯、卤代碳酸酯、羧酸酯、丙酸酯、氟醚、芳香烃及卤代芳烃中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的锂离子电池电解液,其特征在于,所述碳酸酯为碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸丙烯酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸二甲酯或碳酸甲乙酯中的至少一种;
优选地,所述卤代碳酸酯为氟代碳酸乙烯酯、二氟代碳酸乙烯酯、双氟碳酸丙烯酯、三氟代乙酸乙酯、三氟乙基甲基碳酸酯、三氟甲基碳酸乙烯酯、4-三氟代甲基碳酸乙烯酯、氯代碳酸乙烯酯、二(2,2,2-三氟乙基)碳酸酯、三氟丙酸甲酯、3,3,3-三氟代乙酸乙酯、2-(三氟甲基)苯甲酸甲酯、4,4,4-三氟丁酸乙酯、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基丙烯酸酯中的至少一种。
优选地,所述羧酸酯为丁酸丙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸异丙酯、丙酸丁酯、丙酸异丙酯、丁酸乙酯中的至少一种;
优选地,所述丙酸酯为丙酸甲酯、丙酸乙酯或丙酸丙酯中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的锂离子电池电解液,其特征在于,所述锂离子电池电解液中非水性有机溶剂的质量百分含量为5-70%,例如5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、40%、50%、60%或70%。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的锂离子电池电解液,其特征在于,所述锂离子电池电解液还包括电解液稳定剂;
优选地,所述电解液稳定剂为六甲基二硅胺烷、乙醇胺或亚磷酸三苯酯中的至少一种;
优选地,所述锂离子电池电解液中电解液稳定剂的质量百分含量为0.5-3.0%。
9.一种电池负极,其特征在于,所述电池负极包括如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的锂离子电池电解液;
优选地,所述电池负极的材料为石墨,或单晶硅与石墨的复合材料,或氧化亚硅与石墨的复合材料。
10.一种电化学储能器件,其特征在于,所述电化学储能器件包括如上所述电池负极;
优选地,所述电化学储能器件包括硫基锂电池、金属离子电池、金属空气电池或超级电容。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010725900.8A CN111883832A (zh) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | 一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010725900.8A CN111883832A (zh) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | 一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111883832A true CN111883832A (zh) | 2020-11-03 |
Family
ID=73200440
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010725900.8A Pending CN111883832A (zh) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | 一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111883832A (zh) |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1118781A (zh) * | 1994-04-11 | 1996-03-20 | 三共株式会社 | 具有抗糖尿病活性的杂环化合物及其制备和用途 |
KR20170038538A (ko) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비수성 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
CN108258311A (zh) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池非水电解液及锂离子电池 |
CN108847501A (zh) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-20 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 一种锂离子电池非水电解液及锂离子电池 |
CN108933292A (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-12-04 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池非水电解液和锂离子电池 |
KR20190080040A (ko) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-08 | 파낙스 이텍(주) | 이차전지용 비수성 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
CN110416613A (zh) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-05 | 湖州昆仑动力电池材料有限公司 | 一种提升锂离子电池循环性能和安全性能的电解液 |
CN110911753A (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-24 | 东莞东阳光科研发有限公司 | 非水电解液及锂离子电池 |
-
2020
- 2020-07-24 CN CN202010725900.8A patent/CN111883832A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1118781A (zh) * | 1994-04-11 | 1996-03-20 | 三共株式会社 | 具有抗糖尿病活性的杂环化合物及其制备和用途 |
KR20170038538A (ko) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비수성 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
CN108258311A (zh) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池非水电解液及锂离子电池 |
CN108933292A (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-12-04 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池非水电解液和锂离子电池 |
KR20190080040A (ko) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-08 | 파낙스 이텍(주) | 이차전지용 비수성 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
CN108847501A (zh) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-20 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 一种锂离子电池非水电解液及锂离子电池 |
CN110416613A (zh) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-05 | 湖州昆仑动力电池材料有限公司 | 一种提升锂离子电池循环性能和安全性能的电解液 |
CN110911753A (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-24 | 东莞东阳光科研发有限公司 | 非水电解液及锂离子电池 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN111430796B (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液及含有该电解液的锂离子电池 | |
CN111883830B (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件 | |
US20190214680A1 (en) | Lithium ion battery and electrolytic soluton thereof | |
CN105895958A (zh) | 一种电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN109888384B (zh) | 电解液和含有电解液的电池 | |
CN113140796B (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液及含有该电解液的锂离子电池 | |
CN113161615B (zh) | 一种锂离子电池非水电解液和锂离子电池 | |
CN111463485B (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN111029655A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液及含有该电解液的锂离子电池 | |
CN111883831A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件 | |
CN112701349B (zh) | 电解液及包含其的电化学装置和电子设备 | |
CN111834665B (zh) | 一种高镍三元锂离子电池电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN113809401A (zh) | 锂离子电池非水电解液及其应用 | |
CN115863759A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池非水性电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN113130990A (zh) | 一种电解液及使用该电解液的二次电池 | |
CN114583268A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液及其应用 | |
CN114156535A (zh) | 一种电解液、锂离子电池及动力车辆 | |
CN111900474A (zh) | 用于天然石墨负极锂离子电池的电解液 | |
CN115579523A (zh) | 一种提升锂离子电池循环和高温存储性能的电解液 | |
CN114447428B (zh) | 一种非水电解液及锂电池 | |
CN116154281A (zh) | 非水电解液及含有该非水电解液的高电压锂电池 | |
CN113328144A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液及使用该电解液的锂离子电池 | |
CN113675471A (zh) | 一种电池电解液以及包含其的电池 | |
CN111883832A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液以及电池负极和电化学储能器件 | |
CN111883842A (zh) | 一种非水电解液用功能非水性有机添加剂 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20201103 |