CN111848504A - 一种锰催化剂及其催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的应用 - Google Patents

一种锰催化剂及其催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的应用 Download PDF

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CN111848504A
CN111848504A CN201910354468.3A CN201910354468A CN111848504A CN 111848504 A CN111848504 A CN 111848504A CN 201910354468 A CN201910354468 A CN 201910354468A CN 111848504 A CN111848504 A CN 111848504A
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epoxiconazole
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manganese
hydrogen peroxide
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姜鹏
王嫱
于海波
杨浩
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Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及农药领域,具体地讲是涉及一种锰催化剂及其催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的应用。锰催化剂,由通式(I)的吡啶‑2‑甲酸衍生物作为配体与锰盐在反应溶剂中生成催化剂体系;所述催化剂体系可应用于催化三唑烯合成氟环唑,即在催化剂存在下,三唑烯和浓度为10‑30%的过氧化氢水溶液在溶剂中的环氧化反应。本发明的催化剂现场制备、操作简单,价廉,应用于催化三唑烯合成氟环唑时,底物转化率高,所需双氧水浓度低,收率高、稳定性好,反应条件温和。

Description

一种锰催化剂及其催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的应用
技术领域
本发明涉及农药领域,具体地讲是涉及一种锰催化剂及其催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的应用。
背景技术
氟环唑是一种高效、低毒、低残留的广谱性三唑类杀菌剂,由德国巴斯夫公司1983年开发。文献报道氟环唑原药有六条合成路线,工业生产中采用三唑烯合成氟环唑。专利U.S.5245042采用马来酸酐与双氧水原位形成单过氧马来酸对三唑烯进行环氧化,该工艺方法采用三唑烯摩尔量的10倍马来酸酐,相当于生产1吨氟环唑产生3.52吨马来酸,大量费酸的产生增加了后处理步骤,也给环境带来了巨大压力;同时该工艺路线采用质量浓度为50%的双氧水,高浓度双氧水的使用在生产中存在巨大的安全隐患;而且此工艺路线采用环境不友好的二氯乙烷作为溶剂。所以开发一种安全、高效的催化三唑烯合成氟环唑原药的方法,以取代现有工艺路线,成为了当代化学家们所攻克的一个难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种锰催化剂及其催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用技术方案为:
一种锰催化剂,由通式(I)的吡啶-2-甲酸衍生物作为配体与锰盐在反应溶剂中生成催化剂体系;
Figure BDA0002044957820000011
通式(I)中,R1,R2,R3,R4可相同或不同的选自氢、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、羟基或硝基。
一种锰催化剂的应用,所述催化剂在催化三唑烯合成氟环唑中的应用。
进一步的说,在催化剂存在下,三唑烯和双氧水在溶剂中进行还原环氧化反应,催化三唑烯合成氟环唑。
再进一步的说,向溶液加入催化量的配体(吡啶-2-甲酸)与锰盐形成催化剂,向催化剂体系内加入三唑烯,搅拌下待溶解后加入二酮和碱,在-10-30℃(优选温度0-25℃)温度下滴加双氧水,并在-10-30℃(优选温度0-25℃)下搅拌反应催化三唑烯合成氟环唑。
上述反应中催化剂为可为配体(吡啶-2-甲酸)与锰盐在反应溶剂中就地生成催化剂体系;配体与锰盐的加入无先后顺序。
所述锰盐的用量为三唑烯摩尔量的0.001-0.1mol%;吡啶-2-甲酸的用量为三唑烯摩尔量的0.01-1.0mol%;二酮的用量为0.3-1.0当量(相对三唑烯);碱的用量为三唑烯摩尔量的0.5-5mol%。
所述溶剂为非质子性极性乙腈或丙腈;所述锰盐为硫酸锰、氯化锰或乙酸锰,优选乙酸锰;所述碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、乙酸钠或乙酸钾,优选乙酸钠;所述二酮可为丁二酮、戊二酮或己二酮,优选丁二酮。
所述双氧水质量浓度为10-30%;优选25-30%;双氧水的用量1-3.5当量,优选2-3.5当量;进一步的说,双氧水在浴温为-10℃-30℃下在1-8小时内滴加双氧水。
一种催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的方法,在催化剂存在下,三唑烯和双氧水在溶剂中进行还原环氧化反应,催化三唑烯合成氟环唑。
进一步的说,向溶液加入催化量的配体(吡啶-2-甲酸)与锰盐形成催化剂,向催化剂体系内加入三唑烯,搅拌下待溶解后加入二酮和碱,在-10-30℃(优选温度0-25℃)温度下滴加双氧水,并在-10-30℃(优选温度0-25℃)下搅拌反应催化三唑烯合成氟环唑;
反应式为:
Figure BDA0002044957820000021
所述锰盐的用量为0.001-0.1mol%;吡啶-2-甲酸的用量为0.01-1.0mol%;二酮的用量为0.3-1.0当量(相对三唑烯);碱的用量0.5-5mol%。
所述双氧水质量浓度为10-30%;优选25-30%;双氧水的用量1-3.5当量,优选2-3.5当量;进一步的说,双氧水在浴温为-10℃-30℃下在1-8小时内滴加双氧水。
本发明所具有的优点是:
本发明催化剂体系成本低、可以原位现场制备,工艺简单,催化剂催化效率高,催化反应条件温和;
本发明利用催化剂催化三唑烯合成氟环唑,以杜绝大大过量废酸的产生;同时简化后处理步骤直接浓缩即可,减小环境压力;并且采用小于等于30%的双氧水替代现有过氧酸氧化中使用的50%的双氧水,解决实际生产过程中的安全隐患问题,所用溶剂回收简单。
具体实施方式
以下结合实例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步说明,应当指出的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式只是为了说明和解释本发明,并不局限于本发明。
在下述实施例中,除非有特殊声明,所用吡啶-2-甲酸、锰盐、三唑烯均已毫摩尔(mmol)计量,乙腈、丙腈以毫升(mL)计量,以原料转化率%判定催化剂效率。
利用本发明催化剂催化三唑烯合成氟环唑的反应过程:
Figure BDA0002044957820000031
实施例1:
室温下将7.4mg(0.03mmol)四水合乙酸锰加入100mL单口烧瓶中,加入5mL乙腈,及22.2mg(0.18mmol)吡啶甲酸,开动搅拌。搅拌下,加入3.14g(10.0mmol,含量99.68%)经重结晶三唑烯,0.43g(5.0mmol)蒸馏过的2,3-丁二酮,24.6mg乙酸钠分散于15mL乙腈溶液,继续搅拌。冰浴冷却烧瓶并在2℃以下滴加30%双氧水,5.0hrs内加入3.40g双氧水,期间应控制滴加速度使反应液温度不高于5℃。双氧水加毕后,冷浴下搅拌1.0hr。移出冰/水浴,并在室温下搅拌2.0hrs,减压浓缩即得目标物氟环唑,物料转化率为99%,氟环唑收率65%(HPLC检测)
实施例2:
室温下将7.4mg(0.03mmol)四水合乙酸锰加入100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL乙腈,及22.2mg(0.18mmol)吡啶甲酸,开动搅拌。搅拌下,依次加入3.14g(10.0mmol,含量99.68%)经重结晶三唑烯,及0.43g(5.0mmol)蒸馏过的2,3-丁二酮,室温搅拌15min后,加入24.6mg乙酸钠,继续搅拌。冰浴冷却烧瓶并在2℃以下,滴加30%双氧水。5.0hrs内加入3.40g双氧水,期间应控制滴加速度使反应液温度不高于5℃。双氧水加毕后,冷浴下搅拌1.0hr。移出冰/水浴,并在室温下搅拌2.0hrs。物料转化率为99%氟环唑收率66%(HPLC检测)。
实施例3:室温下将6.9mg(0.028mmol)四水合乙酸锰加入100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL乙腈,及20.9mg(0.17mmol)吡啶甲酸,开动搅拌。搅拌下,依次加入3.14g(10.0mmol,含量99.68%)经重结晶三唑烯,0.43g(5.0mmol)蒸馏过的2,3-丁二酮,室温搅拌15min后,加入23.0mg乙酸钠,继续搅拌。冰浴冷却烧瓶并在2℃以下滴加30%双氧水,5.0hrs内加入3.40g双氧水,期间应控制滴加速度使反应液温度不高于5℃。双氧水加毕后,冷浴下搅拌1.0hr。移出冰/水浴,并在室温下搅拌2.0hrs,减压浓缩即得目标物氟环唑。物料转化率为98%,氟环唑收率63%(HPLC检测)。
实施例4:室温下将6.4mg(0.026mmol)四水合乙酸锰加入100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL乙腈,及19.2mg(0.156mmol)吡啶甲酸,开动搅拌。搅拌下,依次加入3.14g(10.0mmol,含量99.68%)经重结晶三唑烯,0.36g(4.24mmol)蒸馏过的2,3-丁二酮,室温搅拌15min后,加入21.3mg乙酸钠,继续搅拌。冰浴冷却烧瓶并在2℃以下滴加30%双氧水,3.5hrs内加入3.40g双氧水,期间应控制滴加速度使反应液温度不高于5℃。双氧水加毕后,冷浴下搅拌1.0hr。移出冰/水浴,并在室温下搅拌5.0hrs,减压浓缩即得目标物氟环唑,物料转化率为100%,氟环唑收率65%(HPLC检测)。
实施例5:室温下将6.86mg(0.028mmol)四水合乙酸锰加入100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL乙腈,及20.9mg(0.17mmol)吡啶甲酸,开动搅拌。搅拌下,依次加入3.14g(10.0mmol,含量99.68%)经重结晶三唑烯,0.36g(4.2mmol)蒸馏过的2,3-丁二酮,室温搅拌15min后,加入23.0mg乙酸钠,继续搅拌。冰浴冷却烧瓶并在2℃以下滴加30%双氧水,5.0hrs内加入2.95g双氧水,期间应控制滴加速度使反应液温度不高于5℃。双氧水加毕后,冷浴下搅拌1.0hr。移出冰/水浴,并在室温下搅拌3.0hrs,减压浓缩即得目标物氟环唑,物料转化率为95%,氟环唑收率63%(HPLC检测)。
实施例6:
室温下将7.4mg(0.03mmol)四水合乙酸锰加入100mL单口烧瓶中,加入20mL丙腈,及22.2mg(0.18mmol)吡啶甲酸,开动搅拌。搅拌下,依次加入3.14g(10.0mmol,含量99.68%)经重结晶三唑烯,及0.43g(5.0mmol)蒸馏过的2,3-丁二酮,室温搅拌15min后,加入24.6mg乙酸钠,继续搅拌。冰浴冷却烧瓶并在2℃以下,滴加30%双氧水。5.0hrs内加入3.40g双氧水,期间应控制滴加速度使反应液温度不高于5℃。双氧水加毕后,冷浴下搅拌1.0hr。移出冰/水浴,并在室温下搅拌2.0hrs,减压浓缩即得目标物氟环唑,物料转化率为97%,氟环唑收率64%(HPLC检测)。

Claims (10)

1.一种锰催化剂,其特征在于:由通式(I)的吡啶-2-甲酸衍生物作为配体与锰盐在反应溶剂中生成催化剂体系;
Figure FDA0002044957810000011
通式(I)中,R1,R2,R3,R4可相同或不同的选自氢、卤素、烷基、烷氧基、羟基或硝基。
2.一种权利要求1所述的锰催化剂的应用,其特征在于:所述催化剂在催化三唑烯合成氟环唑中的应用。
3.按权利要求2所述的锰催化剂的应用,其特征在于:在催化剂存在下,三唑烯和双氧水在溶剂中进行还原环氧化反应,催化三唑烯合成氟环唑。
4.按权利要求3所述的锰催化剂的应用,其特征在于:向溶液加入催化量的配体(吡啶-2-甲酸)与锰盐形成催化剂,向催化剂体系内加入三唑烯,搅拌下待溶解后加入二酮和碱,在-10-30℃温度下滴加双氧水,并在-10-30℃下搅拌反应催化三唑烯合成氟环唑。
5.按权利要求3或4所述的锰催化剂的应用,其特征在于:所述锰盐的用量为三唑烯摩尔量的0.001-0.1mol%;吡啶-2-甲酸的用量为三唑烯摩尔量的0.01-1.0mol%;二酮的用量为0.3-1.0当量(相对三唑烯);碱的用量为三唑烯摩尔量的0.5-5mol%;所述双氧水质量浓度为10-30%;双氧水的用量1-3.5当量。
6.按权利要求4所述的锰催化剂的应用,其特征在于:所述溶液为非质子性极性乙腈或丙腈;所述锰盐为硫酸锰、氯化锰或乙酸锰;所述碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、乙酸钠或乙酸钾;所述二酮可为丁二酮、戊二酮或己二酮。
7.一种催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的方法,其特征在于:在催化剂存在下,三唑烯和双氧水在溶剂中进行还原环氧化反应,催化三唑烯合成氟环唑。
8.按权利要求7催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的方法,其特征在于:向溶液加入催化量的配体(吡啶-2-甲酸)与锰盐形成催化剂,向催化剂体系内加入三唑烯,搅拌下待溶解后加入二酮和碱,在-10-30℃温度下滴加双氧水,并在-10-30℃下搅拌反应催化三唑烯合成氟环唑;
反应式为:
Figure FDA0002044957810000021
9.按权利要求8催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的方法,其特征在于:所述锰盐的用量为三唑烯摩尔量的0.001-0.1mol%;吡啶-2-甲酸的用量为三唑烯摩尔量的0.01-1.0mol%;二酮的用量为0.3-1.0当量(相对三唑烯);碱的用量为三唑烯摩尔量的0.5-5mol%。
10.按权利要求7催化三唑烯环氧化制备氟环唑的方法,其特征在于:所述双氧水质量浓度为10-30%;双氧水的用量1-3.5当量。
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