WO2009110217A1 - 表面銀固定化ハイドロキシアパタイト - Google Patents
表面銀固定化ハイドロキシアパタイト Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009110217A1 WO2009110217A1 PCT/JP2009/000945 JP2009000945W WO2009110217A1 WO 2009110217 A1 WO2009110217 A1 WO 2009110217A1 JP 2009000945 W JP2009000945 W JP 2009000945W WO 2009110217 A1 WO2009110217 A1 WO 2009110217A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydroxyapatite
- group
- immobilized
- catalyst
- reaction
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title abstract description 15
- -1 nitrile compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 51
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
- PMSVVUSIPKHUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanopyrazine Chemical compound N#CC1=CN=CC=N1 PMSVVUSIPKHUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 125000006374 C2-C10 alkenyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 229910052587 fluorapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940100890 silver compound Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 150000003379 silver compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910017745 AgNP Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical group C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Chemical group C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZWKNLRXFUTWSOY-QPJJXVBHSA-N (e)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound N#C\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 ZWKNLRXFUTWSOY-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFNVQNRYTPFDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanopyridine Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=N1 FFNVQNRYTPFDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXDXXGXWFJCXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-furonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CO1 YXDXXGXWFJCXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C#N NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical group C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical group C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical group C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011942 biocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- APEJMQOBVMLION-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnamamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 APEJMQOBVMLION-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
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- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- AILKHAQXUAOOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCC#N AILKHAQXUAOOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- AZKDTTQQTKDXLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C#N)=CC=C21 AZKDTTQQTKDXLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
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- QZZYYBQGTSGDPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C#N)=CN=C21 QZZYYBQGTSGDPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLTDCIWCFCUQCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)N)=CN=C21 BLTDCIWCFCUQCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006647 (C3-C15) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AEKVBBNGWBBYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluorobenzonitrile Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 AEKVBBNGWBBYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCZNNAKNUVJVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 VCZNNAKNUVJVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKJIFDNZPGLLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzonitrile Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 NKJIFDNZPGLLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012448 Lithium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N‐diethylformamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C=O SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- IPEHBUMCGVEMRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazinecarboxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CN=CC=N1 IPEHBUMCGVEMRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- VNXUJPCYZSNXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyran-4-one Chemical group O=C1C=CSC=C1 VNXUJPCYZSNXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
- C07D213/82—Amides; Imides in position 3
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/48—Silver or gold
- B01J23/50—Silver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
- B01J27/18—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
- B01J27/1802—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates
- B01J27/1817—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates with copper, silver or gold
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/393—Metal or metal oxide crystallite size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/06—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from nitriles by transformation of cyano groups into carboxamide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/84—Nitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/84—Nitriles
- C07D213/85—Nitriles in position 3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/48—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
- C07D215/54—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen attached in position 3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
- C07D241/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D241/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D241/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D241/24—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/68—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/38—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite which is a novel compound, and a method for producing an amide compound using the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite.
- an intermediate amide compound can be obtained by selecting appropriate reaction conditions.
- the amide compound thus obtained is useful as a raw material for intermediates such as engineering plastics, synthetic detergents and lubricating oils, and as an intermediate.
- a neutral hydrolysis method for example, a neutral hydrolysis method, an acidic hydrolysis method, an alkaline hydrolysis method, a method using a biocatalyst, and the like are known.
- the neutral hydrolysis method is a method of obtaining an amide compound by stirring a dichloromethane solution of nitrile with active manganese dioxide at room temperature (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the yield was still not fully satisfactory.
- the acidic hydrolysis method is a method for obtaining an amide compound by heating nitrile with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, polyphosphoric acid or the like.
- hydrochloric acid sulfuric acid
- polyphosphoric acid polyphosphoric acid
- the slow hydrolysis reaction of aromatic nitriles has been a problem.
- the alkali hydrolysis method has a problem that the reaction easily proceeds to the carboxylic acid and it is difficult to obtain an intermediate amide compound.
- Examples of the method using a biocatalyst include a method of synthesizing an amide compound using a microorganism having enzyme activity. According to this method, since the reaction conditions are mild, the reaction process can be simplified, or the purity of the reaction product is high due to the small amount of by-products. It is used (for example, Patent Document 2). However, an aqueous solution of an amide compound produced using a microorganism is more likely to foam as the concentration of the amide compound in the reaction solution increases, even though a high-purity reaction solution is obtained. When there is a concentration, distillation, crystallization process, polymerization process, or the like, there is a problem because it may cause trouble. Furthermore, since the reaction conditions of microorganisms are limited, the production of amide compounds using microorganisms is not fully satisfactory in terms of yield. Moreover, the problem is that microorganisms cannot be used over and over again.
- NPs metal nanoparticles
- metal NP catalysts are attracting a great deal of attention for use in organic synthesis under liquid phase conditions.
- gold NP has been shown to promote catalysis in many organic reactions.
- ethylene gas phase epoxidation there was very little research on the superior catalytic activity of Ag NP for other organic reactions.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite which is a novel compound useful as a catalyst.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an amide compound, which uses a surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite to produce an amide compound simply and efficiently.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide hydroxyapatite in which silver, which is a metal nanoparticle, is immobilized.
- Another further object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an amide compound, in which an amide compound is produced easily and efficiently using hydroxyapatite on which silver as metal nanoparticles is immobilized.
- the inventors have focused on the potential of Ag NP as a catalyst, and immobilized Ag NP has high catalytic activity for alcohol dehydrogenation, and from silanes that use water under liquid phase conditions. It has been found that it exhibits selective oxidation to silanol and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention provides a surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite in which zero-valent Ag is immobilized on the hydroxyapatite surface.
- the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite is preferably used as a catalyst.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing an amide compound, wherein a nitrile compound is hydrated to produce a corresponding amide compound in the presence of surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite in which zero-valent Ag is immobilized on the hydroxyapatite surface. .
- the present invention provides surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite in which 0-valent Ag, which is metal nanoparticles, is immobilized on the surface of hydroxyapatite.
- the present invention provides an amide compound for producing a corresponding amide compound by hydrating a nitrile compound in the presence of surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite in which zero-valent Ag as metal nanoparticles is immobilized on the hydroxyapatite surface.
- a method for hydrating a nitrile compound in the presence of surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite in which zero-valent Ag as metal nanoparticles is immobilized on the hydroxyapatite surface.
- the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite of the present invention can be easily produced and exhibits high activity for the reaction of producing a corresponding amide compound by hydrating a nitrile compound. Furthermore, since the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite of the present invention is a solid, it can be easily reused, and can be reused repeatedly while maintaining high activity without particularly needing a regeneration treatment.
- the nitrile compound can be hydrated by a simple operation to obtain the corresponding amide compound in high yield.
- the present invention demonstrates that hydroxyapatite (HAP) -immobilized Ag NP (AgHAP) can catalyze the reaction of nitrile in water to amide with high efficiency. Hydration of nitriles to the corresponding amides is of great importance in organic synthesis. This is because amides are versatile synthetic intermediates used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, polymers, surfactants, lubricants, and drug stabilizers.
- conventional catalyst systems require organic solvents in the presence of strong acid and base catalysts that are homogeneous, which results in excessive hydrolysis of the amide, producing undesirable carboxylic acids, After neutralization, a large amount of salt formation occurs. Therefore, considerable effort has been expended in developing effective metal catalysts for nitrile hydration.
- This hydration method which uses an Ag catalyst that is reusable under neutral conditions using water as a solvent, establishes a process that is better in terms of environmental considerations and industrially acceptable Can contribute enough to do.
- the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite according to the present invention has zero-valent Ag immobilized on the hydroxyapatite surface.
- the hydroxyapatite is, for example, the following formula (1) Ca 10-Z (HPO 4 ) Z (PO 4 ) 6-Z (OH) 2-Z ⁇ nH 2 O (1) (In the formula, Z is a number satisfying 0 ⁇ Z ⁇ 1, and n is a number from 0 to 2.5) It is a compound represented by these.
- Hydroxyapatite can be prepared, for example, by a wet synthesis method. Specifically, in the wet synthesis method, a calcium solution and a phosphoric acid solution are successively dropped over a long period of time into a buffer solution maintaining a pH value of 7.4 or higher at a molar concentration ratio of 10: 6. Thus, hydroxyapatite is precipitated in the buffer solution, and the precipitated hydroxyapatite is collected.
- hydroxyapatite examples include, for example, trade name “tricalcium phosphate” manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- Examples of the method for immobilizing zero-valent Ag on the hydroxyapatite surface include, for example, a method in which a silver compound solution and hydroxyapatite are mixed and stirred to adsorb the silver compound on the hydroxyapatite surface, and a reduction treatment is performed. Is mentioned.
- a silver compound such as a chloride, bromide, iodide, carbonate, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate or the like, or a silver complex can also be used.
- the solvent only needs to dissolve the silver compound, and examples thereof include water, acetone, and alcohols.
- the concentration of the silver compound solution in performing the Ag immobilization treatment is not particularly limited, and can be selected, for example, from a range of 0.1 to 1000 mM.
- the temperature at the time of stirring can be selected from the range of 20 to 150 ° C., for example, but can be usually performed at room temperature.
- the Ag content of the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite is not particularly limited, but can be selected, for example, from 0.01 to 10 mmol, preferably from 0.05 to 0.5 mmol, per 1 g of hydroxyapatite.
- the stirring time varies depending on the temperature during stirring, but can be selected, for example, from 1 to 360 minutes, preferably from 5 to 90 minutes.
- the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite of the present invention can be prepared by washing with water or an organic solvent as necessary, drying, and further reducing treatment.
- Examples of the reducing agent that performs the reduction treatment include borohydride complex compounds such as sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ), lithium borohydride (LiBH 4 ), or potassium borohydride (KBH 4 ), hydrazine, and hydrogen (H 2 ), silane compounds such as trimethylsilane, and hydroxy compounds.
- Examples of the hydroxy compound include alcohol compounds such as primary alcohol and secondary alcohol. The hydroxy compound may have a plurality of hydroxyl groups, and may be any of monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, polyhydric alcohol and the like.
- a borohydride complex compound is preferable, and potassium borohydride (KBH 4 ) is particularly preferable.
- KH 4 potassium borohydride
- Surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite obtained by reduction with potassium borohydride (KBH 4 ) tends to have a smaller average particle size of the immobilized Ag particles, thereby increasing the specific surface area. And the catalytic activity can be significantly improved.
- the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite in the present invention can be used as a catalyst.
- the reaction having catalytic activity include a reaction in which a nitrile compound is hydrated to synthesize a corresponding amide compound, a reaction in which a silanol compound is synthesized by oxidation of a silane compound, and the like.
- the method for producing an amide compound according to the present invention produces a corresponding amide compound by hydrating a nitrile compound in the presence of surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite obtained by immobilizing Ag on the hydroxyapatite surface according to the present invention. It is characterized by that.
- a nitrile compound can be hydrated to produce the corresponding amide compound in high yield.
- the nitrile compound in the present invention has the general formula (2) (Wherein R represents an organic group) It is represented by
- the organic group in R may be a group that does not inhibit this reaction (for example, a group that is non-reactive under the reaction conditions in the present method), and examples thereof include a hydrocarbon group and a heterocyclic group. .
- the hydrocarbon group and the heterocyclic group also include a hydrocarbon group and a heterocyclic group having a substituent.
- the hydrocarbon group in R includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a group in which these are bonded.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, decyl, and dodecyl groups.
- alkyl group having about 10 and more preferably 1 to 3 an alkenyl group having about 2 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 2 to 10 and more preferably 2 to 3) such as vinyl, allyl and 1-butenyl groups; Examples thereof include an alkynyl group having about 2 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 2 to 3) such as a propynyl group.
- Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a cycloalkyl group having about 3 to 20 members (preferably 3 to 15 members, more preferably 5 to 8 members) such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cyclooctyl groups; Cycloalkenyl groups of about 3 to 20 members (preferably 3 to 15 members, more preferably 5 to 8 members) such as pentenyl and cyclohexenyl groups; perhydronaphthalen-1-yl groups, norbornyl, adamantyl, tetracyclo [4 4.0.1, 2,5 .
- a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group such as 1 7,10 ] dodecan-3-yl group.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group include aromatic hydrocarbon groups having about 6 to 14 (preferably 6 to 10) carbon atoms such as phenyl and naphthyl groups.
- the hydrocarbon group in which an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and an alicyclic hydrocarbon group are bonded to each other includes a cycloalkyl-alkyl group such as cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, 2-cyclohexylethyl group (for example, C 3-20 cycloalkyl- C 1-4 alkyl group and the like).
- the hydrocarbon group in which an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and an aromatic hydrocarbon group are bonded includes an aralkyl group (for example, a C 7-18 aralkyl group) and an alkyl-substituted aryl group (for example, about 1 to 4).
- hydrocarbon group for R a C 1-10 alkyl group, a C 2-10 alkenyl group, an aryl-substituted C 2-10 alkenyl group, a C 2-10 alkynyl group, a C 3-15 cycloalkyl group, a C 6-14
- An aromatic hydrocarbon group, a C 3-15 cycloalkyl-C 1-4 alkyl group, a C 7-14 aralkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with about 1 to 4 C 1-4 alkyl groups, or a naphthyl group is preferable. .
- the hydrocarbon group includes various substituents such as halogen atoms, oxo groups, hydroxyl groups, substituted oxy groups (for example, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, aralkyloxy groups, acyloxy groups, etc.), carboxyl groups, substituted oxycarbonyls.
- substituents such as halogen atoms, oxo groups, hydroxyl groups, substituted oxy groups (for example, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, aralkyloxy groups, acyloxy groups, etc.), carboxyl groups, substituted oxycarbonyls.
- Groups alkoxycarbonyl groups, aryloxycarbonyl groups, aralkyloxycarbonyl groups, etc.
- substituted or unsubstituted carbamoyl groups cyano groups, nitro groups, acyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted amino groups, sulfo groups, heterocyclic groups, etc. You may have.
- the hydroxyl group and carboxyl group may be protected with a protective group commonly used in the field of organic synthesis.
- an aromatic or non-aromatic heterocycle may be condensed with the ring of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group or aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- the heterocyclic ring constituting the heterocyclic group for R includes an aromatic heterocyclic ring and a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring.
- a heterocyclic ring include a heterocyclic ring containing an oxygen atom as a hetero atom (for example, a 5-membered ring such as furan, tetrahydrofuran, oxazole, isoxazole, and ⁇ -butyrolactone ring, 4-oxo-4H-pyran, tetrahydro 6-membered ring such as pyran and morpholine ring, condensed ring such as benzofuran, isobenzofuran, 4-oxo-4H-chromene, chroman and isochroman ring, 3-oxatricyclo [4.3.1.1 4,8 ] undecane -2-one ring, a bridged ring such as 3-oxatricyclo [4.2.1.0 4,8 ] nonan-2-one ring), a heterocycle containing
- the heterocyclic group includes an alkyl group (eg, a C 1-4 alkyl group such as a methyl or ethyl group), a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group It may have a substituent such as (for example, phenyl, naphthyl group).
- Preferred R is a hydrocarbon group (C 6-14 aromatic hydrocarbon group, C 7-14 aralkyl group, phenyl group or naphthyl group substituted with about 1 to 4 C 1-4 alkyl groups, aryl-substituted C 2-10 alkenyl groups, C 2-10 alkenyl groups, etc.), aromatic heterocycles containing oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms and nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms.
- C 6-14 aromatic hydrocarbon group, C 7-14 aralkyl group, phenyl group or naphthyl group substituted with about 1 to 4 C 1-4 alkyl groups, aryl-substituted C 2-10 alkenyl groups, C 2-10 alkenyl groups, etc. aromatic heterocycles containing oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms and nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms.
- nitrile compound in the present invention examples include benzonitrile, p-cyanotoluene, m-cyanotoluene, o-cyanotoluene, p-chlorobenzonitrile, m-chlorobenzonitrile, o-chlorobenzonitrile, 3-phenylacrylonitrile.
- the corresponding amide compound can be produced by hydrating the nitrile compound in the presence of surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite.
- the amount of water used for the hydration reaction is, for example, about 1 to 10 mol of water with respect to 1 mol of the nitrile compound. A large excess of water may be used.
- the reaction can be performed, for example, by mixing and stirring the nitrile compound and surface silver-fixed hydroxyapatite.
- the amount of the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite used is not particularly limited.
- silver is 0.001 to 1 mol, preferably 0.001 to 0.1 mol, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0, per 1 mol of the nitrile compound. It can be selected from a range of 1 mol.
- the reaction may be performed in the liquid phase or in the gas phase. In consideration of workability and the like, in the present invention, the reaction is preferably performed in a liquid phase.
- the reaction can be performed in the presence or absence of a solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction, and can be appropriately selected from known and commonly used solvents.
- solvents for example, water; fluorinated solvents such as trifluorotoluene, fluorobenzene and fluorohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene and nitrobenzene; fats such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane Group hydrocarbons; ethers such as 1,2-dioxane, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, diethyl ether, dimethyl ether; acetamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, diethy
- the reaction can be carried out at normal pressure or under pressure.
- the reaction temperature can be selected according to the type of nitrile compound used as a raw material and the type of solvent, and is not particularly limited. For example, 0 to 250 ° C., preferably 60 to 200 ° C., particularly preferably 100 to 200 ° C. You can choose from a range of
- the reaction time can be appropriately selected according to the type of nitrile compound used as a raw material, the type of solvent, the reaction temperature and the like, and is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.1 to 200 hours, preferably 0.1 to 50 hours. You can choose from a range of The reaction can be carried out in a conventional manner such as batch, semi-batch, or continuous. After completion of the reaction, the reaction product can be separated and purified by separation means such as filtration, concentration, distillation, extraction, crystallization, recrystallization, adsorption, column chromatography, etc., or a separation means combining these.
- separation means such as filtration, concentration, distillation, extraction, crystallization, recrystallization, adsorption, column chromatography, etc., or a separation means combining these.
- the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite according to the present invention since silver is firmly immobilized on the surface of the hydroxyapatite, there is no elution of silver into the reaction solution. Therefore, after completion of the reaction, the surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite is recovered by an operation such as filtration or centrifugation, washed as it is or with water or an organic solvent as necessary, and then repeatedly subjected to a nitrile compound hydration reaction. Can be used as Even when the reaction is carried out by repeatedly using surface silver-immobilized hydroxyapatite, the catalytic activity does not decrease, and the corresponding amide compound can be produced in a high yield.
- Example 1 Add 0.1 g (Ag: 0.03 mmol) of Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst obtained in Preparation Example 1, 3 mL of water, and 0.1 g (1.0 mmol) of benzonitrile to a glass pressure-resistant reaction tube. The mixture was stirred at 140 ° C. for 2 hours in an air atmosphere. Benzamide was obtained with a conversion of 93% and a yield of 90%.
- Example 2 Add 0.1 g (Ag: 0.03 mmol) of Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst obtained in Production Example 2, 3 mL of water, and 0.1 g (1.0 mmol) of benzonitrile to a pressure-resistant reaction tube made of glass. The mixture was stirred at 140 ° C. for 2 hours in an air atmosphere. Benzamide was obtained with a conversion of 59% and a yield of 60%.
- Examples 3 to 19 were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the starting material nitrile compound and the reaction temperature were changed. The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 below.
- Example 20 After completion of the reaction in Example 1, the reaction solution was filtered to recover the used Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst, and the recovered Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst was washed with water and regenerated. -Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst was obtained. Benzamide was obtained in a yield of 88% in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the regenerated-Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst was used.
- Example 21 After completion of the reaction of Example 21, the reaction solution was filtered to recover the used regeneration-Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst, and the recovered regeneration-Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst was recovered using water. Washing and re-regeneration—Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst was obtained. Regeneration—Benzamide was obtained in a yield of 87% in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the Ag (0) / hydroxyapatite catalyst was used.
- Comparative Example 2 To a glass pressure-resistant reaction tube, add 0.1 g (Ag: 0.01 mmol) of Ag (0) / fluoroapatite catalyst obtained in Production Example 3, 3 mL of water, and 0.1 g (1.0 mmol) of benzonitrile. The mixture was stirred at 140 ° C. for 2 hours in an air atmosphere. Benzamide was obtained with a conversion of 39% and a yield of 32%.
- Comparative Example 3 In a pressure-resistant reaction tube made of glass, 0.1 g (Ag: 0.05 mmol) of Ag (0) / ⁇ -ZrP catalyst obtained in Production Example 4, 3 mL of water, and 0.1 g (1.0 mmol) of benzonitrile were added. In addition, the mixture was stirred at 140 ° C. for 2 hours in an air atmosphere. Benzamide was obtained with a conversion of 18% and a yield of 11%.
- the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak position of AgHAP is similar to that of the parent HAP, and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis shows an average diameter of 7.6 nm and a narrow size distribution (1.8 nm standard deviation) It was shown that an AgNP having a formed on the surface of a HAP substrate.
- the AgHAP catalyst system was also applicable for scaled up conditions; 2 (100 mmol; 10.5 g) was successfully converted to amide (97% isolated yield; 12.0 g) and turnover The number (TOP) reached over 10,000 (number 10). As far as the inventor is aware, no such specifically enhanced reactivity of heteroaromatic nitriles has been reported compared to other nitriles.
- the time-resolved IR spectrum showed that the intensity of the 3 nitrile band gradually decreased, which was accompanied by an increase in new bands showing C ⁇ O stretching vibration.
- the production of the amide was also confirmed by mass spectral analysis, although the intensity of the 1 nitrile IR band was slightly reduced and the intensity of the 4 nitrile IR band was little changed.
- the order of reactivity of adsorbed nitrile with water vapor is 3> 1> 4, which is consistent with the results of catalytic hydration of nitrile using AgHAP, as shown in Tables 3 and 4 Yes.
- the present invention is not limited by theory, but here proposes a possible mechanism involving the coordination of water and aromatic nitriles on the AgHAP surface.
- Aromatic nitriles are strongly activated on AgNP of AgHAP through double activation of cyano and aromatic groups. Thereafter, the nucleophilic OH— from H 2 O, which forms on the Ag surface, readily attacks the proximal nitrile carbon atom and forms the corresponding amide through the iminol transition state.
- HAP-immobilized Ag NP serves as a highly active and reusable solid catalyst for the hydration of aromatic nitriles in water.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る表面銀固定化ハイドロキシアパタイトは、ハイドロキシアパタイト表面に0価のAgが固定化されている。
Ca10-Z(HPO4)Z(PO4)6-Z(OH)2-Z・nH2O (1)
(式中、Zは0≦Z≦1を満たす数である。nは0~2.5の数である)
で表される化合物である。
本発明に係るアミド化合物の製造方法は、上述の本発明に係るハイドロキシアパタイト表面にAgを固定化した表面銀固定化ハイドロキシアパタイトの存在下、ニトリル化合物を水和して対応するアミド化合物を製造することを特徴とする。本発明の方法によって、ニトリル化合物を水和して対応するアミド化合物を高収率で製造することができる。
200mLのナスフラスコにAgNO3(1.0ミリモル)を加え、水(150mL)を加えて銀水溶液を作製し、そこにハイドロキシアパタイト(りん酸三カルシウム、和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.0gを加え、空気雰囲気下、室温(25℃)で6時間撹拌した。撹拌後、吸引濾過し、脱イオン水(1L)で洗浄し、24時間真空乾燥させてAg(I)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒(Agとして、0.3ミリモル/g)を得た。
200mLのナスフラスコにKBH4(9ミリモル)を加え、水(150mL)を加えて溶解し、そこに得られたAg(I)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒(1.8g)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下、室温(25℃)で1時間撹拌した。撹拌後、吸引濾過し、脱イオン水(1L)で洗浄し、24時間真空乾燥させてAg(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒(Agとして、0.3ミリモル/g)を得た。
製造例1と同様にして、Ag(I)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒を得た。
200mLのナスフラスコにヒドラジン(9ミリモル)を加え、水(150mL)を加えて溶解し、そこに得られたAg(I)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒(1.8g)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下、60℃で1時間撹拌した。撹拌後、吸引濾過し、脱イオン水(1L)で洗浄し、24時間真空乾燥させてAg(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒(Agとして、0.3ミリモル/g)を得た。
200mLのナスフラスコにAgNO3(1.0ミリモル)を加え、水(150mL)を加えて溶解して得た溶液に、フルオロアパタイト(和光純薬工業株式会社製:商品名『アパタイトFAP、六方晶』)2.0gを加え、室温(25℃)で6時間撹拌後、脱イオン水で洗浄し、さらに室温(25℃)にて24時間真空乾燥することにより、Ag(I)/フルオロアパタイト触媒を得た。
200mLのナスフラスコにKBH4(9ミリモル)を加え、水(150mL)を加えて溶解し、そこに得られたAg(I)/フルオロアパタイト触媒(1.8g)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下、室温(25℃)で1時間撹拌した。撹拌後、吸引濾過し、脱イオン水(1L)で洗浄し、24時間真空乾燥させてAg(0)/フルオロアパタイト触媒(Agとして、0.1ミリモル/g)を得た。
200mLのナスフラスコにAgNO3(1.0ミリモル)を加え、水(150mL)を加えて溶解して得た溶液に、γ-ZrP(第一稀元素化学工業社製:商品名『CZP-200』)1.5gを加え、室温(25℃)で6時間撹拌後、脱イオン水で洗浄し、さらに室温(25℃)にて24時間真空乾燥することにより、Ag(I)/γ-ZrP触媒を得た。
200mLのナスフラスコにKBH4(9ミリモル)を加え、水(150mL)を加えて溶解し、そこに得られたAg(I)/γ-ZrP触媒(1.8g)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下、室温(25℃)で1時間撹拌した。撹拌後、吸引濾過し、脱イオン水(1L)で洗浄し、24時間真空乾燥させてAg(0)/γ-ZrP触媒(Agとして、0.5ミリモル/g)を得た。
200mLのナスフラスコにAgNO3(1.0ミリモル)を加え、水(150mL)を加えて溶解して得た溶液に、HT(富田製薬株式会社製:商品名『トミタAD500NS』)2.0gを加え、室温(25℃)で6時間撹拌後、脱イオン水で洗浄し、さらに室温(25℃)にて24時間真空乾燥することにより、Ag(I)/HT触媒を得た。
200mLのナスフラスコにKBH4(9ミリモル)を加え、水(150mL)を加えて溶解し、そこに得られたAg(I)/HT触媒(1.8g)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下、室温(25℃)で1時間撹拌した。撹拌後、吸引濾過し、脱イオン水(1L)で洗浄し、24時間真空乾燥させてAg(0)/HT触媒(Agとして、0.2ミリモル/g)を得た。
ガラス製耐圧反応管に、製造例1で得られたAg(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒0.1g(Ag:0.03ミリモル)、水3mL、ベンゾニトリル0.1g(1.0ミリモル)を加え、空気雰囲気下、140℃で2時間撹拌した。転化率93%、収率90%で、ベンズアミドを得た。
ガラス製耐圧反応管に、製造例2で得られたAg(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒0.1g(Ag:0.03ミリモル)、水3mL、ベンゾニトリル0.1g(1.0ミリモル)を加え、空気雰囲気下、140℃で2時間撹拌した。転化率59%、収率60%で、ベンズアミドを得た。
実施例1の反応終了後、反応溶液をろ過して使用後のAg(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒を回収し、回収されたAg(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒を水を使用して洗浄し、再生-Ag(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒を得た。
再生-Ag(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、収率88%で、ベンズアミドを得た。
実施例21の反応終了後、反応溶液をろ過して使用後の再生-Ag(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒を回収し、回収された再生-Ag(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒を水を使用して洗浄し、再再生-Ag(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒を得た。
再再生-Ag(0)/ハイドロキシアパタイト触媒を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、収率87%で、ベンズアミドを得た。
ガラス製耐圧反応管に、ハイドロキシアパタイト(りん酸三カルシウム、和光純薬工業株式会社製)0.1g、水3mL、ベンゾニトリル0.1g(1.0ミリモル)を加え、空気雰囲気下、140℃で2時間撹拌したが、ベンズアミドは得られなかった。
ガラス製耐圧反応管に、製造例3で得られたAg(0)/フルオロアパタイト触媒0.1g(Ag:0.01ミリモル)、水3mL、ベンゾニトリル0.1g(1.0ミリモル)を加え、空気雰囲気下、140℃で2時間撹拌した。転化率39%、収率32%で、ベンズアミドを得た。
ガラス製耐圧反応管に、製造例4で得られたAg(0)/γ-ZrP触媒0.1g(Ag:0.05ミリモル)、水3mL、ベンゾニトリル0.1g(1.0ミリモル)を加え、空気雰囲気下、140℃で2時間撹拌した。転化率18%、収率11%で、ベンズアミドを得た。
ガラス製耐圧反応管に、製造例5で得られたAg(0)/HT触媒0.1g(Ag:0.02ミリモル)、水3mL、ベンゾニトリル0.1g(1.0ミリモル)を加え、空気雰囲気下、140℃で2時間撹拌した。転化率46%、収率40%で、ベンズアミドを得た。
AgHAPは以下のようにして合成した:2.0gのCa5(PO4)3(OH)(HAP)を150mLのAgNO3(6.7×10-3M)水溶液中に浸漬し、室温で6時間攪拌した。得られるスラリーを濾過し、洗浄し、そして真空中で室温にて乾燥した。HBH4の水溶液を用いて還元して、AgHAPを得た(Ag3.3重量%)。AgHAPのX線回折(XRD)ピーク位置は親のHAPのピーク位置と同様であり、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)分析は、7.6nmの平均直径および狭いサイズ分布(1.8nmの標準偏差)を有するAgNPがHAP基材の表面上で形成したことを示した。
b括弧内の値は、単離された収率である。c180℃の場合。d160℃の場合。
Claims (5)
- ハイドロキシアパタイト表面に0価のAgを固定化した表面銀固定化ハイドロキシアパタイト。
- 触媒として用いられる請求項1に記載の表面銀固定化ハイドロキシアパタイト。
- ハイドロキシアパタイト表面に0価のAgを固定化した表面銀固定化ハイドロキシアパタイトの存在下、ニトリル化合物を水和して対応するアミド化合物を製造するアミド化合物の製造方法。
- Agが金属ナノ粒子である、請求項1または2に記載の表面銀固定化ハイドロキシアパタイト。
- Agが金属ナノ粒子である、請求項3に記載のアミド化合物の製造方法。
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US12/919,660 US20100331574A1 (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2009-03-03 | Hydroxyapatite with silver supported on the surface thereof |
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JPH05305238A (ja) * | 1992-04-28 | 1993-11-19 | Sangi Co Ltd | 低級アルコールの接触分解用触媒組成物 |
JPH0655075A (ja) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-03-01 | Sangi Co Ltd | 排気ガス浄化用触媒 |
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US4036879A (en) * | 1970-11-19 | 1977-07-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Catalysts for the hydration of nitriles of amides |
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CA2094629C (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1999-10-05 | Shuji Sakuma | Catalyst and method for contact cracking of lower alkanols |
JPH09104665A (ja) | 1995-10-09 | 1997-04-22 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | カルボン酸アミドの製造方法 |
US5763630A (en) * | 1996-03-18 | 1998-06-09 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Propylene oxide process using alkaline earth metal compound-supported silver catalysts |
JP3428404B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-23 | 2003-07-22 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | アミド化合物の製造方法 |
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JPH05305238A (ja) * | 1992-04-28 | 1993-11-19 | Sangi Co Ltd | 低級アルコールの接触分解用触媒組成物 |
JPH0655075A (ja) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-03-01 | Sangi Co Ltd | 排気ガス浄化用触媒 |
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