CN111840461A - 预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药应用领域,具体是一种预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂及其制备方法和应用。所述的中药复方制剂,包括以下原料:黄芪、黄精、桑寄生、女贞子、牛膝、泽泻、杜仲、川芎、防风、赤地龙和钩藤,按照一定的工艺进行提取后制成。本发明提供的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂,通过增强机体细胞醌氧化还原酶活性,清除自由基,同时能够改善中枢神经系统、心血管系统、改善内分泌物质代谢等多种效应,疏风活血,补肾益气,能够在很大程度上提高患者的生活质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药应用领域,具体是一种预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
中风,又名脑梗死,一般指脑缺血超过24小时导致的急性脑功能丧失、视网膜或脊髓神经细胞死亡。中风包括缺血性中风(85%)和出血性中风(15%)。中风一般是由血栓或动脉粥样硬化斑块堵塞大脑中为神经细胞提供氧气的血管导致的,大脑神经细胞十分脆弱,需不间断提供养分,尤其是氧气方能存活,中风发生时,缺血中心区域神经细胞会不可逆的凋亡,缺血附近区域如不再数小时内及时救治也会随之产生不可逆凋亡,即大面积脑梗死。中风一般分为四类:①脑血栓:斑块沉积于大脑动脉壁;②脑梗塞:迁徙斑块堵塞血管;③蛛网膜下腔出血:斑块堵塞大脑表面血管,导致血管破裂,血液流入大脑与颅骨之间,一般为致命性的;④脑出血:斑块堵塞大脑内部血管,导致血管破裂,血液流入大脑。动脉粥样硬化及高血压为最重要影响因素,年龄、性别、家族史、吸烟、饮酒、肥胖、糖尿病、心理压力、饮食运动不规律、载脂蛋白比例失衡均可在一定程度上影响中风的发生发展。
研究证据表明,在缺血脑中风的病理生理过程中,氧化应激和细胞凋亡是紧密联系的现象。许多实验和临床观察表明,不同形式的脑中风其自由基的产生都增多。脑中风过程产生的自由基包括过氧化物阴离子、氢氧根(OH-)和一氧化氮(NO);自由基一个主要的来源是线粒体,在电子传递链中产生过氧化阴离子;另外一个重要的来源是通过环氧合酶和脂肪氧化酶代谢花生四烯酸产生的过氧化物,自由基导致的损伤可以被抗过氧化酶和自由基清除剂降低,很多阻止自由基产生和抑制自由基活性的药物在中风动物模型中表现良好的治疗效果。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:克服现有技术的不足,提供一种预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂,可以有效增强机体细胞醌氧化还原酶的活性,减少中风导致的大脑梗死面积,同时本发明还提供其制备方法和应用。
本发明所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂,包括以下原料:黄芪、黄精、桑寄生、女贞子、牛膝、泽泻、杜仲、川芎、防风、赤地龙和钩藤。
优选地,所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂,包括以下重量份数的原料:黄芪15-17份,黄精7-9份,桑寄生7-9份,女贞子7-9份,牛膝5-7份,泽泻15-17份,杜仲6-9份,川芎4-6份,防风4-6份,赤地龙8-10份,钩藤4-6份。
进一步优选地,所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂,包括以下重量份数的原料:黄芪16.2份,黄精8.1份,桑寄生8.1份,女贞子8.1份,牛膝6.48份,泽泻16.2份,杜仲8.1份,川芎5.4份,防风5.4份,赤地龙9.72份,钩藤5.4份。
本发明所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将赤地龙浸泡后过滤,取滤液进行浓缩,浓缩至相对密度为1.03-1.10(70℃),浓缩液冷冻干燥至固体,40目筛粉碎,备用;
(2)将女贞子粉碎破壁后与杜仲、川芎和钩藤,经乙醇加热回流后,收集提取液,滤过,合并滤液,回收乙醇,浓缩至相对密度为1.25-1.35(70℃),备用;
(3)黄芪、黄精、桑寄生、牛膝、泽泻和防风加水煎煮提取,滤过,合并滤液并浓缩至相对密度为1.25-1.35(70℃),备用;
(4)将步骤(2)和步骤(3)得到的两种浓缩液混匀,然后减压干燥至固体,40目筛粉碎,备用
(5)将步骤(1)粉碎后的粉末与步骤(4)粉碎后的粉末混匀,制得所需剂型,即得中药复方制剂。
其中:
步骤(1)中赤地龙加水浸泡5-7小时。
步骤(2)中采用浓度为60-80%的乙醇回流提取1~3次,每次1~3小时,以mL/g计,每次添加的乙醇的量与女贞子、杜仲、川芎和钩藤总质量的体积质量比为4~10:1。
步骤(3)中加水煎煮提取1~3次,每次1~3小时,以mL/g计,每次添加水的量与黄芪、黄精、桑寄生、牛膝、泽泻和防风总质量的体积质量比为4~10:1。
本发明所述的中药复方制剂剂型优选为颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、散剂或口服液。
本发明所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂的应用,在制备预防及治疗中风药物中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明提供的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂,通过增强机体细胞醌氧化还原酶活性,清除自由基,同时能够改善中枢神经系统、心血管系统、改善内分泌物质代谢等多种效应,疏风活血,补肾益气,能够在很大程度上提高患者的生活质量。
附图说明
图1为实施例2中本发明制剂诱惑活性与浓度的关系图;
图2为实施例2中细胞生存率与浓度的关系图;
图3为实施例3中不同剂量组与梗死面积的关系图;
图4为实施例3中不同剂量组对应的脑片图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
取黄芪1.08kg、黄精0.54kg、桑寄生0.54kg、牛膝0.432kg、泽泻1.08kg、防风0.36kg、女贞子0.54kg、杜仲0.54kg、川芎0.36kg、钩藤0.36kg、赤地龙0.648kg,赤地龙用5倍水浸泡6小时,过滤,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.03-1.10,浓缩液冷冻干燥至固体,40目筛粉碎备用;女贞子粉碎破壁与杜仲、川芎、钩藤用60%乙醇回流提取二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,第一次加8倍量60%乙醇,第二次加6倍量60%乙醇,滤过,合并滤液,滤液回收乙醇并浓缩至相对密度为1.25-1.35(70℃);黄芪、黄精、桑寄生、牛膝、泽泻、防风加水煎煮二次,第一次2小时,第二次1小时,第一次加8倍量水,第二次加6倍量水,滤过,合并滤液,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.25-1.35(70℃),将上述两种浓缩液混匀,也可以将上述两种滤液一同浓缩至相对密度为1.25-1.35(70℃),减压干燥(≤80℃)至固体,40目筛粉碎,与赤地龙灭菌粉末混匀,干法制粒,整粒,即得本发明所述中药复方颗粒剂。
实施例2
增强细胞醌氧化还原酶活性
1.仪器
Thermo CO2细胞培养箱,BIotek全波长酶标仪,Mettler分析天平等
2.试剂及材料,
Digitonin,EDTA,Tris,HCl,Tween-20,葡萄糖-6-磷酸,葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶,FAD,NADP,甲萘醌,Hepa 1c1c-7细胞,BSA,MTT,SF,乙腈等。
3.试验操作
3.1溶液配制
细胞裂解液—0.8%digitonin+2mM EDTA:称取9.3mg EDTA溶解于13mL的50-80℃的热水中,后向上述溶液中加入100mg的digitonin,充分溶解。冷却后调节pH为7.8,保存于4℃冰箱。
0.5M Tris-HCl溶液:称取30.275g Tris溶解于500mL水中,以1M HCl调节pH至7.4,并保存于4℃冰箱。
1.5%Tween-20:向98.5mL水中加入1.5mL的Tween-20,轻轻混匀,保存于4℃冰箱。
150mM葡萄糖-6-磷酸:称取58.5mg的葡萄糖-6-磷酸,溶于1.5mL水中,分装成150μL每管,-80℃冰箱冻存。
葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶:以水溶解葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶至10unit/μL,分装成10μL/管,-80℃冰箱冻存。
7.5mM FAD:0.6mg溶于100μL水中,现配现用。
50mM NADP:1.0mg溶于27μL水中,现配现用。
50mM甲萘醌:1.0mg溶于115μL乙腈中,现配现用。
3.2Hepa 1c1c-7细胞培养
将Hepa 1c1c-7细胞以1*104cells/孔接种于96孔板中,并用不同浓度的本发明所述方剂处理24h。吸除培养基,加入27μL的细胞裂解液[含0.8%digitonin和2mM的EDTA溶液(PH7.8)],37℃孵育15min。加入170μL完全反应混合物(含有BSA,MTT,1.5%Tween-20,0.5MTris-HCl,7.5mM FAD,150mM葡萄糖-6-磷酸,葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶,50mM NADP和50mM甲萘醌,配比见表1)。室温放置约3-5分钟,酶标仪630nM波长下检测吸光度。阳性对照药物为SF(2.0μM)。如图1所示,发现本发明所述方剂在一定浓度下,具有较强的诱导醌还原酶活性的能力(*P<0.05)。
表1最终反应液依次加入成份表
编号 | 样品 | 加样量 |
1 | 0.5M Tris-HCl | 1.0mL |
2 | BSA | 15mg |
3 | MTT | 6mg |
4 | 1.5%Tween-20 | 150μL |
5 | 150mM葡萄糖-6-磷酸 | 150μL |
6 | 10unit/μL葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶 | 6μL |
7 | 7.5mM FAD | 15μL |
8 | 50mM NADP | 15μL |
9 | 水 | 18.4mL |
10 | 50mM甲萘醌 | 20μL |
3.4本发明所述复方中药细胞毒性
首先,以MEM培养基配制不同浓度的本发明所述方剂,加入接种好Hepa 1c1c-7细胞的96孔板中,细胞密度为1*104cells/孔,处理24h,以MTT法检测细胞生存率,如图2所示,未发现本发明所述方剂的细胞毒性。
实施例3
SD大鼠降低缺血再灌注脑梗死面积
1.材料和动物
样品:由本发明人提供,人口服剂量为每日约90g/天(以生药计),按照人与动物注射药物剂量换算方法,大鼠口服剂量约为9g/kg(以生药计)。
实验动物及环境条件:SPF级SD大鼠若干只,由济南朋悦动物繁育有限公司提供,实验动物生产许可证号为SCXK(鲁)2019-0003。饲料及饲养环境由山东大学动物中心提供;实验条件为屏障环境,实验期间实验环境温度22-23℃,湿度为40%~-70%;实验动物使用许可证号SYXK(鲁)2019-0005。
动物信息:SD大鼠,雄性,6-8周,180-200g,10只/组,分为空白组,模型组,低剂量组(4.5g/kg),中剂量组(9g/kg),高剂量组(18g/kg)。
饲养环境:清洁级动物房,温度20-26℃,湿度40%-70%,昼夜明暗交替时间12h/12h,饲料为大鼠生长维持饲料,饮用水为灭菌水,垫料为无菌刨花垫料。
2.给药方式
10mL/kg灌胃,每日1次,连续7天;配药溶剂为注射用生理盐水;空白组模型组给予10mL/kg的生理盐水;各剂量组给予对应剂量。
实验第七天在造模前一小时最后一次给药,模型组及各剂量组以线栓法建立大鼠急性脑缺血模型,实验后第二天大脑切片染色,比较大脑缺血面积确定本发明所述方是否具有中风保护作用;空白组除未进行线栓阻断颈动脉血流操作外,其余操作与模型组相同
3.脑缺血损伤模型
采用大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)再灌注模型诱导脑缺血损伤。大鼠经10%水合氯醛麻醉后,将动物仰卧固定于手术台上,沿颈正中切开皮肤,钝性分离颈部肌肉组织,暴露右侧颈总动脉并小心游离;分离出颈总、颈外、颈内动脉,结扎颈总、颈外动脉;在颈总与颈外动脉分叉处下缘结扎一活扣;夹闭颈内动脉,用显微剪将颈总动脉剪开一小口,插入0.26-0.28mm商业用MCAO造模鱼线;松开颈内动脉,将鱼线沿颈内动脉插入18-20mm至遇到轻微阻力;至此,大脑中动脉(MCA)的血液供应包括颈动脉和大脑韦氏环前交通支来源的血供均已阻断。可根据标记判断插入线拴的深度。线拴的血管外部分结扎固定,防止线栓的滑脱。右侧脑缺血120分钟后,小心拔除线栓,结扎断端,实现缺血后的再灌注。缝合皮肤,回笼精心喂养。手术过程中保持动物体温恒定在37±0.5℃。
采用改良Bederson 5分制法进行神经缺陷症状评价。以大鼠左爪不能伸展,完全清醒后可见绕圈或追尾、倾倒为造模成功标准。
4.评价方法
动物用10%的水合氯醛5mL/kg麻醉,断头取脑,去除嗅球、小脑和低位脑干,用生理盐水冲洗大脑表面血迹,吸去表面残留水迹,于-20℃放置30min,取出后立即于视线交叉平面垂直向下作冠状切面,并向后每隔2mm切一片,将脑片置于用pH 7.2-7.4的PBS新鲜配制的2%TTC染液中染色,37摄氏度孵育15-30分钟,不时翻动脑片,使其均匀染色。正常脑组织染成深红色,缺血脑组织则呈苍白色,用生理盐水冲洗后,迅速将脑片从前向后按顺序排成一排,吸干表面残留水迹,拍照。用图像分析软件对照片进行统计,圈定右侧缺血面积(白色区域)和右侧总面积,根据梯形公式,算出相应的体积及梗死灶体积百分比。结果如图3和图4所示,从图中可以看出,本发明所述方剂中剂量组及高剂量组均能够显著降低缺血再灌注脑梗死面积(*P<0.05)。
根据以上结果可知,本发明根据中药复方制备而得的药物可以有效增强机体细胞醌氧化还原酶的活性,减少中风导致大脑梗死面积。
当然,上述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例,不能被认为用于限定对本发明的实施例范围。本发明也并不仅限于上述举例,本技术领域的普通技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的均等变化与改进等,均应归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂,其特征在于:包括以下原料:黄芪、黄精、桑寄生、女贞子、牛膝、泽泻、杜仲、川芎、防风、赤地龙和钩藤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂,其特征在于:包括以下重量份数的原料:黄芪15-17份,黄精7-9份,桑寄生7-9份,女贞子7-9份,牛膝5-7份,泽泻15-17份,杜仲6-9份,川芎4-6份,防风4-6份,赤地龙8-10份,钩藤4-6份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂,其特征在于:包括以下重量份数的原料:黄芪16.2份,黄精8.1份,桑寄生8.1份,女贞子8.1份,牛膝6.48份,泽泻16.2份,杜仲8.1份,川芎5.4份,防风5.4份,赤地龙9.72份,钩藤5.4份。
4.一种权利要求1-3任一所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将赤地龙浸泡后过滤,取滤液进行浓缩,浓缩至相对密度为1.03-1.10,浓缩液冷冻干燥至固体,40目筛粉碎,备用;
(2)将女贞子粉碎破壁后与杜仲、川芎和钩藤,经乙醇加热回流后,收集提取液,滤过,合并滤液,回收乙醇,浓缩至相对密度为1.25-1.35,备用;
(3)黄芪、黄精、桑寄生、牛膝、泽泻和防风加水煎煮提取,滤过,合并滤液并浓缩至相对密度为1.25-1.35,备用;
(4)将步骤(2)和步骤(3)得到的两种浓缩液混匀,然后减压干燥至固体,40目筛粉碎,备用
(5)将步骤(1)粉碎后的粉末与步骤(4)粉碎后的粉末混匀,制得所需剂型,即得中药复方制剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中赤地龙加水浸泡5-7小时。
6.根据权利要求4所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中采用浓度为60-80%的乙醇回流提取1~3次,每次1~3小时,以mL/g计,每次添加的乙醇的量与女贞子、杜仲、川芎和钩藤总质量的体积质量比为4~10:1。
7.根据权利要求4所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中加水煎煮提取1~3次,每次1~3小时,以mL/g计,每次添加水的量与黄芪、黄精、桑寄生、牛膝、泽泻和防风总质量的体积质量比为4~10:1。
8.根据权利要求4所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的中药复方制剂剂型为颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、散剂或口服液。
9.一种权利要求1-3任一所述的预防及治疗中风的中药复方制剂的应用,其特征在于:所述的中药复方制剂在制备预防及治疗中风药物中的应用。
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