CN111837874A - Strawberry mother seedling cultivation composite matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Strawberry mother seedling cultivation composite matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111837874A CN111837874A CN202010748070.0A CN202010748070A CN111837874A CN 111837874 A CN111837874 A CN 111837874A CN 202010748070 A CN202010748070 A CN 202010748070A CN 111837874 A CN111837874 A CN 111837874A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D5/00—Fertilisers containing magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite substrate for cultivating strawberry mother seedlings and a preparation method thereof, wherein the substrate comprises turf, coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite, ceramsite, biochar and bacillus subtilis Ningdun, the volume ratio of the components is as follows, 40-50 parts of turf, 10-20 parts of coconut husk, 20-30 parts of vermiculite, 5-10 parts of perlite and 5-10 parts of ceramsite, wherein the biochar is added according to the mass percentage of 2.5% (m/m), and the bacillus subtilis is diluted by 200 times and applied by 200ml per strain. The invention ensures that strawberry plants can obtain required nutrient components, has strong water retention and good air permeability, effectively improves the disease and insect resistance of the strawberries, is beneficial to the stable growth of the strawberries and achieves good seedling strengthening effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a strawberry mother seedling cultivation composite matrix and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of plant seedling cultivation matrixes.
Background
The strawberry belongs to perennial herb plants of Rosaceae, is delicious, red and tender, has succulent pulp, contains special fruit fragrance, has higher nutritional value, and contains rich VC. The strawberry cultivation benefit is high, most of the countries in the world have strawberry cultivation at present, and the development is rapid in China in recent years. The fruit tree is delicious, can be listed in winter and spring, has strong adaptability, is the small berry with the most cultivation, has the advantages of early fruiting, short period and quick response, and is a fruit tree with low investment and high income. In China, the field of strawberry facility cultivation and sightseeing picking develops rapidly, and the strawberry cultivation method becomes an important economic crop for promoting farmers to increase income and become rich. With the continuous expansion of the planting area of the strawberries, the strawberries are barren in soil and seriously lost in fertilizer and water in the actual field planting process, so that seedlings are poor in nutrition or withered and dead, weak in growth and accompanied by plant diseases and insect pests, and the quality of the strawberries is threatened. How to improve prevention and control from the source is very important for cultivating healthy strawberry seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of diseased seedlings, weak seedlings, dysplastic seedlings and other strawberry seedlings in the existing strawberries, make a corresponding substrate proportion aiming at the growth characteristics of mother seedlings, provide a seedling culture substrate which is healthy in production, low in cost and environment-friendly so as to achieve the effect of strong seedlings, the invention discloses a strawberry mother seedling culture composite substrate and a preparation method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a composite substrate for culturing strawberry mother seedlings comprises turf, coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite, ceramsite, biochar and bacillus subtilis.
Further: the volume ratio of the other components except the biochar and the bacillus subtilis is as follows, 40-50 parts of turf, 10-20 parts of coconut husk, 20-30 parts of vermiculite, 5-10 parts of perlite and 5-10 parts of ceramsite, wherein the biochar is added according to the mass percentage of 2.5% (m/m), and the bacillus subtilis is diluted by 200 times and then poured at 200ml per strain.
Further: particle size of 10-15mm, water content of 60-70%, total porosity of 65-75%, volume weight of 0.2-0.5g/ml, organic matter content in dry matrix of not less than 35%, total nutrient content of 3-5%, EC value (irrigation by tap water) of 0.4-0.6mS/cm, gas-water ratio of 1: (1-3) and the pH (irrigation by tap water) is 5.5-7.0.
The invention also comprises a preparation method of the strawberry mother seedling cultivation composite matrix, which is prepared from any one of the matrixes, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing turf, coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite and ceramsite according to a predetermined volume ratio, and uniformly stirring;
step 2: adding biochar into the uniformly stirred mixture in the step 1, and continuously and uniformly stirring;
and step 3: adding bacillus subtilis into the uniformly stirred mixture in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: adding water into the uniformly stirred mixture obtained in the step 3 to enable the water content of the mixture to reach 60-70%;
and 5: and (4) fully stirring the mixture obtained in the step (4) to obtain a finished product matrix.
Further: the bacillus subtilis added in the step 3 is bacillus subtilis Ningdun, and the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis Ningdun in the finished product matrix is 0.5-1 hundred million units/g.
Further: and 5, stirring for the last time, and fully mixing all the substances by a stirrer.
Has the advantages that: the mother seedling takes the turf as a main raw material, then proper coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite and ceramsite are added as auxiliary materials, the application of the ceramsite in strawberry planting is rare, the ceramsite is a special structure which is porous, light and high in surface strength, and the shell is ceramic or enamel, so that the ceramsite has the functions of water proofing and gas retention and good freezing resistance, can meet the requirement of water content of plants, and simultaneously meets the requirement of ventilation, and can be applied to the cultivation of the plants. Meanwhile, bacillus subtilis Ningdun which has the functions of soil remediation and soil-borne disease inhibition is added into the matrix, the bacillus subtilis is a green and harmless flora, the nutritional requirements of strawberry seedling growth can be met, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests can be prevented, the formation of strong seedlings can be promoted by a proper amount of charcoal through other various ways, for example, the reproductive capacity of beneficial microorganisms is improved, the nutrient utilization rate and the enzyme activity are improved, a stable and safe composite matrix is provided for strawberry mother seedlings, and the healthy and strong growth of the strawberry seedlings is promoted.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a photograph of the state of mother strawberry seedlings planted in the medium of the present invention,
fig. 2 is a photograph of the state of a bought mother strawberry seedling planted with a usual medium Ck 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following figures and specific examples, which are to be understood as illustrative only and not as limiting the scope of the invention, which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims and any and all equivalent modifications thereof which may occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present specification.
The composite substrate for cultivating the strawberry mother seedlings comprises grass peat, coconut chaff, vermiculite, perlite, ceramsite, biochar and bacillus subtilis. The volume ratio of the other components except the biochar and the bacillus subtilis is as follows, 40-50 parts of turf, 10-20 parts of coconut husk, 20-30 parts of vermiculite, 5-10 parts of perlite and 5-10 parts of ceramsite, wherein the biochar is added according to the mass percentage of 2.5% (m/m), and the bacillus subtilis is diluted by 200 times and then poured at 200ml per strain. The physical and chemical indexes of the mixed matrix are as follows: particle size of 10-15mm, water content of 60-70%, total porosity of 65-75%, volume weight of 0.2-0.5g/ml, organic matter content in dry matrix of not less than 35%, total nutrient content of 3-5%, EC value (irrigation by tap water) of 0.4-0.6mS/cm, gas-water ratio of 1: (1-3) and the pH (irrigation by tap water) is 5.5-7.0.
The peat is formed by incomplete decomposition and accumulation of the residues of the swamp plants under the anaerobic condition of watery water, contains a large amount of water, incompletely decomposed plant residues, humus and a part of mineral substances, and is rich in nutrition; coconut chaff is coconut husk fiber powder, is a coconut byproduct or waste after processing, and is a pure natural organic matter medium dropped off in the processing process of coconut husk fiber; the ceramsite is a special structure which is porous, light in weight and high in surface strength, and the shell is ceramic or enamel, so that the ceramsite has the functions of water proofing and gas retention and good freezing resistance, can meet the requirement of plant water content, and also meets the requirement of ventilation.
The preparation method of the composite substrate for cultivating the strawberry mother seedlings is prepared from the substrate and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing turf, coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite and ceramsite according to a predetermined volume ratio, and uniformly stirring;
step 2: adding biochar into the uniformly stirred mixture in the step 1, and continuously and uniformly stirring;
and step 3: adding bacillus subtilis Ningdun which has an effective viable count ratio of 0.5-1 hundred million units/g in a finished product matrix into the uniformly stirred mixture in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: adding water into the uniformly stirred mixture obtained in the step 3 to enable the water content of the mixture to reach 60-70%;
and 5: and (4) fully stirring the mixture obtained in the step (4) by a stirrer to obtain a finished product matrix.
Examples
The matrix is prepared according to the preparation method of the composite matrix for cultivating the strawberry mother seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing turf, coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite and ceramsite according to the volume ratio of 45:15:25:7:7, and then uniformly stirring;
step 2: adding biochar into the uniformly stirred mixture in the step 1 according to the mass percentage of 2.5 percent (m/m), and continuously and uniformly stirring;
and step 3: adding bacillus subtilis Ningdun into the uniformly stirred mixture obtained in the step 2, specifically diluting the bacillus subtilis by 200 times, and then irrigating the bacillus subtilis by 200 ml/plant to ensure that the effective viable count ratio of the bacillus subtilis Ningdun in a finished product matrix is 0.5-1 hundred million units/gram;
and 4, step 4: adding water into the uniformly stirred mixture in the step 3 to enable the water content to reach 65%;
and 5: and (4) fully stirring the mixture obtained in the step (4) by a stirrer, and adjusting the pH of the mixed substrate to 6.4 to obtain a finished substrate. The finished substrate was used in subsequent effect validation experiments.
Effect testing experiment
Two common strawberry seedling culture matrixes Ck1 and Ck2 are purchased in the market, the two purchased matrixes and the matrixes prepared in the above examples are jointly used for strawberry seedling breeding under the same conditions, and the specific operation of the comparative experiment is as follows:
variety: ningyu (Ningyu)
Seedling propagation facilities: plastic greenhouse and 2-3L capacity flowerpot
And (3) seedling propagation mode: cutting propagation seedling
Seedling propagation time: 12 months in 2019-2020 and 6 months
Selecting a mother seedling: selecting strawberry seedlings of the first generation strong seedlings of the original seeds subjected to tissue culture and virus removal.
The seedling propagation method comprises the following steps: cultivating the strawberry in a flowerpot with the capacity of 2-3L in 12 months, breeding mother strawberry seedlings, sterilizing the flowerpot 1-2 days before field planting, respectively injecting the finished product substrate prepared in the embodiment and the purchased strawberry seedling culture substrates Ck1 and Ck2 into the flowerpot after adjusting the corresponding water content, and compacting and flattening. And then, cutting the strawberry original seedlings into flowerpots one by one, spraying a layer of water bloom in time after cutting is finished, enabling the water bloom to survive as soon as possible and breed into independent individuals, and observing and detecting physiological indexes of the potted strawberry original seedlings when the potted strawberry original seedlings enter a reproductive growth period and stolons appear. The physicochemical properties of the composite substrates for cultivating the different strawberry mother seedlings and the physiological indexes of the strawberry mother seedlings bred by the different strawberry seedling breeding substrates are obtained, the specific data are shown in the following table, the strawberry seedlings cultivated by the different substrates are cleaned and then are photographed in a contrast mode, and the photos are shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2.
TABLE 1 physicochemical Properties of different strawberry mother seedling cultivation composite matrices
Table 2 physiological indexes of mother strawberry seedlings bred by different strawberry seedling breeding matrixes are shown below
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, most indexes of the substrate prepared by the method are higher than those of other substrates, and tests show that the substrate disclosed by the invention has good water and gas resistance and frost resistance, and fully meets the requirements of water content and air permeability of strawberry plants. Meanwhile, bacillus subtilis Ningdun which has the functions of soil remediation and soil-borne disease inhibition is added into the matrix, and is a green and harmless flora, so that the nutritional requirements of strawberry seedling growth can be met, and the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests can be prevented.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The compound substrate for cultivating the strawberry mother seedlings is characterized in that: comprises peat, coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite, ceramsite, biochar and bacillus subtilis.
2. The strawberry mother seedling cultivation composite matrix according to claim 1, wherein: except the biochar and the bacillus subtilis, the volume ratio of the other components is as follows,
40-50 parts of grass carbon,
10-20 parts of coconut husk,
20-30 parts of vermiculite to be added,
5-10 parts of perlite to be added,
5-10 parts of ceramsite,
wherein the biochar is added according to the mass percentage of 2.5 percent (m/m), and the bacillus subtilis is diluted by 200 times and irrigated at 200ml per strain.
3. The strawberry mother seedling cultivation composite matrix according to claim 1, wherein: the physical and chemical indexes of the mixed matrix are as follows: particle size of 10-15mm, water content of 60-70%, total porosity of 65-75%, volume weight of 0.2-0.5g/ml, organic matter content in dry matrix of not less than 35%, total nutrient content of 3-5%, EC value (irrigation by tap water) of 0.4-0.6mS/cm, gas-water ratio of 1: (1-3) and the pH (irrigation by tap water) is 5.5-7.0.
4. A preparation method of a compound substrate for culturing strawberry seedlings is characterized in that: the matrix of any preceding claim, comprising the steps of:
step 1: mixing turf, coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite and ceramsite according to a predetermined volume ratio, and uniformly stirring;
step 2: adding biochar into the uniformly stirred mixture in the step 1, and continuously and uniformly stirring;
and step 3: adding bacillus subtilis into the uniformly stirred mixture in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: adding water into the uniformly stirred mixture obtained in the step 3 to enable the water content of the mixture to reach 60-70%;
and 5: and (4) fully stirring the mixture obtained in the step (4) to obtain a finished product matrix.
5. The preparation method of the strawberry mother seedling cultivation composite matrix according to claim 4, characterized in that: the bacillus subtilis added in the step 3 is bacillus subtilis Ningdun, and the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis Ningdun in the finished product matrix is 0.5-1 hundred million units/g.
6. The preparation method of the strawberry mother seedling cultivation composite matrix according to claim 4, characterized in that: and 5, stirring for the last time, and fully mixing all the substances by a stirrer.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114982593A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-09-02 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Cucumber seedling-raising substrate and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105330467A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-17 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Potted strawberry substrate formula |
| CN105532410A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-05-04 | 安徽飞天农用生物科技有限公司 | Medium for culture of seedlings and preparation method thereof |
| CN110521541A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of charcoal strawberry seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
| US20190387695A1 (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2019-12-26 | Veritas Substrates, Llc | Plant substrate growing medium |
-
2020
- 2020-07-30 CN CN202010748070.0A patent/CN111837874A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105330467A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-17 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Potted strawberry substrate formula |
| CN105532410A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-05-04 | 安徽飞天农用生物科技有限公司 | Medium for culture of seedlings and preparation method thereof |
| US20190387695A1 (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2019-12-26 | Veritas Substrates, Llc | Plant substrate growing medium |
| CN110521541A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of charcoal strawberry seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114982593A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-09-02 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Cucumber seedling-raising substrate and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201030 |