CN111802186A - Water peanut cultivation control method for juvenile crab cultivation pond - Google Patents
Water peanut cultivation control method for juvenile crab cultivation pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN111802186A CN111802186A CN202010743460.9A CN202010743460A CN111802186A CN 111802186 A CN111802186 A CN 111802186A CN 202010743460 A CN202010743460 A CN 202010743460A CN 111802186 A CN111802186 A CN 111802186A
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- alternanthera philoxeroides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for managing and controlling the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides in a juvenile crab cultivation pond, which comprises the following steps: (1) cultivation of the water peanuts: planting the alternanthera philoxeroides in the pond in 3 months, so that the alternanthera philoxeroides begin to be planted at a position 2-2.5 meters away from surrounding peduncles around the pond; (2) fertilizing the water peanuts: applying compound fertilizer at the position of planting the alternanthera philoxeroides in the pond according to the dosage of 5 jin/mu, and ensuring that the fertility of the pond bottom is enough to promote the rapid growth of the alternanthera philoxeroides; (3) daily management and control of the alternanthera philoxeroides: after being diluted and filtered by 5 jin/mu in 6-9 months, the biological amino acid fertilizer is sprayed on the water peanuts by a sprayer, so that the stems and leaves above the water surface of the water peanuts die, and underwater rootstocks are intact. The invention can obviously improve the yield of the young crabs, reduce the use of manual labor force, obviously improve the working efficiency and save the breeding cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a method for managing and controlling the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides in a juvenile crab cultivation pond.
Background
The water peanuts belong to emergent aquatic plants, are fond of warm and humid climatic conditions, have strong stress resistance and wide adaptability, can grow on water and land, but have obvious influence on the growth speed due to temperature change in different seasons. The temperature rises again in spring, the overwintering plant begins to grow, the internode takes root and leaves, the axillary bud sprouts, and a new stem and vine grows; 5. when the average daily temperature rises to more than 20 ℃ within 6 months, branches continuously grow in the internodes, the growth is accelerated, the stems and leaves are flourishing, the pedicels grow continuously, and the flowers and the seeds grow; the growth is most vigorous in 7-8 months, which is the peak period of annual output; and the temperature is reduced within 9-10 months, the growth is gradually slow, and the generation of branches is avoided.
At present, the water peanuts are used as aquatic plants for cultivating and planting the young Chinese mitten crabs in most ponds. The water peanuts have the functions of providing bait for young crabs, purifying water quality, shelling, shielding, cooling and the like, but if the coverage area is too large, the activities of crab seedlings are limited, too many crabs are idle, and the phenomena of oxygen deficiency death and the like of the young crabs can be caused. Therefore, the cultivation control of the water peanuts in the juvenile crab cultivation pond is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for managing and controlling the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides in a juvenile crab cultivation pond, which can obviously improve the juvenile crab yield, reduce the use of manual labor, obviously improve the working efficiency and save the cultivation cost.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a method for managing and controlling the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides in a juvenile crab cultivation pond comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivation of the water peanuts: planting the alternanthera philoxeroides in the pond in 3 months, so that the alternanthera philoxeroides begin to be planted at a position 2-2.5 meters away from surrounding peduncles around the pond, wherein the planting mode is that the width is 3 meters, and the row spacing is 2 meters;
(2) fertilizing the water peanuts: applying compound fertilizer at the position of planting the alternanthera philoxeroides in the pond according to the dosage of 5 jin/mu, and ensuring that the fertility of the pond bottom is enough to promote the rapid growth of the alternanthera philoxeroides;
(3) daily management and control of the alternanthera philoxeroides: after being diluted and filtered by 5 jin/mu in 6-9 months, the biological amino acid fertilizer is sprayed on the water peanuts by a sprayer, so that the stems and leaves above the water surface of the water peanuts die, and underwater rootstocks are intact.
According to the method, the alternanthera philoxeroides is planted at the bottom of the pond in clusters by planting the alternanthera philoxeroides in 3 months and requiring the perennial roots of the alternanthera philoxeroides to germinate and not to die dry; in order to prevent the peanuts from growing badly before seedling release, compound fertilizers are applied to the positions where the peanuts are planted to promote the quick growth of the peanuts, but the influence on the quality of the pond mouth water at the later stage caused by excessive amount is avoided; the season of excessive growth of the water peanuts is 6-9 months, the water peanuts in the young crab pond enter the excessive growth stage, the proper water peanut coverage area needs to be maintained by timely controlling through biological amino acid fertilizer, and otherwise, the growth activity space of the young crabs can be compressed. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is simple, effective and easy to operate; time and labor are saved, and the cost is reduced; the survival rate and the yield of the young crab culture are obviously improved; the early-maturing crab proportion is reduced.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step (1), the alternanthera philoxeroides are planted at the bottom of the pond in clusters, a certain amount of soil is buried, the wide band and the row spacing are proper, and the growth and the distribution of the alternanthera philoxeroides are uniform and standard and do not float after water is added to the mouth of the pond.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step (1), after the water peanuts are planted, water is injected into the pond mouth to submerge the planted water peanuts, and the water is drained after 3 days.
As a further improvement of the invention, the area of the pond is 10-15 mu, the pond comprises a pond bottom, pond surrounding stems are arranged around the pond bottom, the pond bottom comprises a rectangular middle platform area, surrounding groove areas are arranged around the middle platform area, peripheral platform areas are arranged around the surrounding groove areas, the peripheral edges of the peripheral platform areas are arranged close to the bottom of the pond surrounding stems, the middle platform area is horizontally arranged, the cross sections of the surrounding groove areas are inverted trapezoids, the width of the upper parts of the surrounding groove areas is 4-6 m, and the depth of the surrounding groove areas is 0.55-0.65 m; the peripheral platform area is horizontally arranged, the width of the peripheral platform area is 3-5 m, and the peripheral platform area and the middle platform area are positioned in the same horizontal plane; four corners of the pond surrounding peduncle are all arc-shaped, the slope height of the pond surrounding peduncle is set within 1.5m, and the slope ratio of the pond surrounding peduncle is 1: 3. The area of the pond is moderate, the bottom of a peripheral platform area is flat without obvious gullies, and the water peanuts are planted for the movement, inhabitation and foraging of the juvenile crabs; the area of the surrounding groove area cannot exceed 30% of the area of the pond, and submerged plants such as waterweed or hydrilla verticillata are planted in the area and used for culturing early crab seedlings and catching later-stage juvenile crabs; the middle platform area is positioned in the center of the pond and used for planting and maintaining the alternanthera philoxeroides.
In order to facilitate the activities of the young crabs and enable the water peanuts to play the roles of purifying water quality, shelling, shielding and cooling, the water peanuts are planted in the middle platform area and are distributed at intervals in a belt shape, the belt width of each water peanut is 3 meters, and the interval between every two adjacent water peanut belts is about 2 meters; the peripheral groove area is planted with elodea nutans or hydrilla verticillata; the alternanthera philoxeroides are also planted in the peripheral platform area, and the distances between the alternanthera philoxeroides in the peripheral platform area and the corresponding pond surrounding stems are 2-2.5 m.
In a further improvement of the invention, in the step (3), the biological amino acid fertilizer is amino acid diatom bloom. The fertilizer mainly comprises active amino acids, active calcium, diatom species, polysaccharide, vitamins, trace elements, EM strain, immune factors and the like, is safe and effective, and has no side effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a pond.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the pond.
Wherein, 1 pool bottom, 2 surrounding peduncles, A peripheral platform area, B surrounding groove area and C middle platform area.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for managing and controlling the cultivation of the alternanthera philoxeroides in the juvenile crab cultivation pond comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivation of the water peanuts: the method comprises the following steps of planting alternanthera philoxeroides in a pond in 3 months, wherein perennial roots of the alternanthera philoxeroides are required to germinate and do not die due to withering, the area of the pond is 10-15 mu, the pond comprises a pond bottom 1, pond surrounding stems 2 are arranged around the pond bottom 1, the pond bottom 1 comprises a rectangular middle platform area C, a surrounding groove area B is arranged around the middle platform area C, a peripheral platform area A is arranged around the groove area B, the peripheral edge of the peripheral platform area A is arranged close to the bottom of the pond surrounding stems 2, the surrounding groove area B is reconstructed through an excavator, and earthwork excavated around the groove area B is used for stacking or reinforcing the surrounding stems 2; the middle platform area C is horizontally arranged, the section of the surrounding groove area B is in an inverted trapezoid shape, the width of the upper part of the surrounding groove area B is 4-6 m, and the depth of the surrounding groove area B is 0.55-0.65 m; the peripheral platform area A is horizontally arranged, the width of the peripheral platform area A is 3-5 m, and the peripheral platform area A and the middle platform area C are located in the same horizontal plane; four corners of the pond surrounding peduncle 2 are arc-shaped, the slope height of the pond surrounding peduncle 2 is set within 1.5m, and the slope ratio of the pond surrounding peduncle 2 is 1: 3; planting the alternanthera philoxeroides at a position 2-2.5 meters away from surrounding peduncles around the pond in a wide band of 3 meters and at a row spacing of 2 meters; the water peanuts are planted in the middle platform area C and are distributed at intervals in a belt shape, the belt width of the water peanuts is 3 meters, and the interval between every two adjacent water peanut belts is about 2 meters; the peripheral groove area B is planted with elodea nutans or hydrilla verticillata; peanuts are also planted in the peripheral platform area A, and the distance between the peanuts in the peripheral platform area A and the corresponding pond surrounding stems is 2-2.5 m; the alternanthera philoxeroides are planted at the bottom of the pond in clusters, a certain amount of soil is buried, the wide band and the row spacing are proper, and the alternanthera philoxeroides are ensured to grow, distribute uniformly and normatively and are not floated after water is added to the pond mouth; after the water peanuts are planted, injecting water into the pond mouth until the water peanuts are submerged, and draining the water after 3 days;
(2) fertilizing the water peanuts: in order to prevent the peanuts from growing badly before seedling placement, compound fertilizer is applied to the positions where the peanuts are planted in the pond according to the dosage of 5 jin/mu, so that the fertility of the pond bottom is ensured to be enough to promote the quick growth of the peanuts; the excessive compound fertilizer is not suitable, so that the water quality of a pond mouth at the later stage is influenced;
(3) daily management and control of the alternanthera philoxeroides: in 6-9 months, in order to prevent the peanuts in the juvenile crab pond from entering an excessive growth stage, a proper coverage area of the peanuts is kept, and the growth activity space of the juvenile crabs is prevented from being compressed, biological amino acid fertilizer is diluted and filtered according to the dosage of 5 jin/mu and then sprayed on the peanuts by a sprayer, the biological amino acid fertilizer is amino acid diatom flourishing, the fertilizer mainly comprises active amino acid, active calcium, diatom species, polysaccharide, vitamins, trace elements, EM (effective microorganism) strains, immune factors and the like, and is safe, effective and free of side effect; so that stems and leaves of the water peanuts wither and die above the water surface, and underwater rootstocks are intact, thereby controlling the growth of the water peanuts. The growth of the water peanuts is slow after 9 months, and the control is not needed.
The invention has the advantages that: the method is simple, effective and easy to operate; time and labor are saved, and the cost is reduced; the survival rate and the yield of the young crab culture are obviously improved; the early-maturing crab proportion is reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for managing and controlling the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides in a juvenile crab cultivation pond is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cultivation of the water peanuts: planting the alternanthera philoxeroides in the pond in 3 months, so that the alternanthera philoxeroides begin to be planted at a position 2-2.5 meters away from surrounding peduncles around the pond, wherein the planting mode is that the width is 3 meters, and the row spacing is 2 meters;
(2) fertilizing the water peanuts: applying compound fertilizer at the position of planting the alternanthera philoxeroides in the pond according to the dosage of 5 jin/mu, and ensuring that the fertility of the pond bottom is enough to promote the rapid growth of the alternanthera philoxeroides;
(3) daily management and control of the alternanthera philoxeroides: after being diluted and filtered by 5 jin/mu in 6-9 months, the biological amino acid fertilizer is sprayed on the water peanuts by a sprayer, so that the stems and leaves above the water surface of the water peanuts die, and underwater rootstocks are intact.
2. The method for managing and controlling the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides in the juvenile crab cultivation pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), alternanthera philoxeroides are planted at the bottom of the pond in clusters and buried with a certain amount of soil, and the wide band and the row spacing are proper, so that the alternanthera philoxeroides can grow and distribute uniformly and normally without floating after water is added to the pond mouth.
3. The method for managing and controlling the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides in the juvenile crab cultivation pond according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), after the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides is completed, water is injected into the pond mouth until the planted alternanthera philoxeroides are submerged, and the water is drained after 3 days.
4. The method for managing and controlling the cultivation of the alternanthera philoxeroides in the juvenile crab cultivation pond according to claim 1, wherein the area of the pond is 10-15 mu, the pond comprises a pond bottom, pond surrounding stems are arranged around the pond bottom, the pond bottom comprises a rectangular middle platform area, surrounding groove areas are arranged around the middle platform area, peripheral platform areas are arranged around the surrounding groove areas, the peripheral edges of the peripheral platform areas are arranged close to the bottoms of the pond surrounding stems, the middle platform area is horizontally arranged, the cross sections of the surrounding groove areas are inverted trapezoids, the width of the upper parts of the surrounding groove areas is 4-6 m, and the depth of the surrounding groove areas is 0.55-0.65 m; the peripheral platform area is horizontally arranged, the width of the peripheral platform area is 3-5 m, and the peripheral platform area and the middle platform area are positioned in the same horizontal plane; four corners of the pond surrounding peduncle are all arc-shaped, the slope height of the pond surrounding peduncle is set within 1.5m, and the slope ratio of the pond surrounding peduncle is 1: 3.
5. The method for managing and controlling the cultivation of the alternanthera philoxeroides in the juvenile crab cultivation pond according to claim 4, wherein alternanthera philoxeroides are planted in the middle platform area and are distributed at intervals in a belt shape, the width of each alternanthera philoxeroides belt is 3 meters, and the interval between every two adjacent alternanthera philoxeroides belts is about 2 meters; the peripheral groove area is planted with elodea nutans or hydrilla verticillata; the alternanthera philoxeroides are also planted in the peripheral platform area, and the distances between the alternanthera philoxeroides in the peripheral platform area and the corresponding pond surrounding stems are 2-2.5 m.
6. The method for managing and controlling the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides in the juvenile crab cultivation pond as claimed in claim 4, wherein the surrounding trench area is modified by an excavator, earthwork excavated from the surrounding trench area is used for the piling or reinforcement of surrounding stems,
the method for managing and controlling the cultivation of alternanthera philoxeroides in the juvenile crab cultivation pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the biological amino acid fertilizer is amino acid diatom bloom.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010743460.9A CN111802186A (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Water peanut cultivation control method for juvenile crab cultivation pond |
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| CN202010743460.9A CN111802186A (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Water peanut cultivation control method for juvenile crab cultivation pond |
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| US20110296756A1 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2011-12-08 | Mao Zhang | Mini Space Farm-A Food Regenerative System in the Long-Term Space Mission |
| CN104137814A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-12 | 安徽绿源渔业科技有限公司 | Method for fishing young eriocheir sinensis through alternanthera philoxeroides stacking |
| CN105766741A (en) * | 2016-04-10 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏红膏大闸蟹有限公司 | Method for regulating water body dissolved oxygen of larval crab culture pond |
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2020
- 2020-07-29 CN CN202010743460.9A patent/CN111802186A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110296756A1 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2011-12-08 | Mao Zhang | Mini Space Farm-A Food Regenerative System in the Long-Term Space Mission |
| CN104137814A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-12 | 安徽绿源渔业科技有限公司 | Method for fishing young eriocheir sinensis through alternanthera philoxeroides stacking |
| CN105766741A (en) * | 2016-04-10 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏红膏大闸蟹有限公司 | Method for regulating water body dissolved oxygen of larval crab culture pond |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 印良造水族: "湖南生态鱼缸中过量的肥料对于水草的影响", 《印良造水族》 * |
| 品略图书馆: "防治外来物种入侵：水花生", 《品略图书馆》 * |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |
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