CN111771815A

CN111771815A - Ecological breeding method for dairy cows

Info

Publication number: CN111771815A
Application number: CN202010658816.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韦家周; 罗盛权; 覃向生; 陈仲延; 马武荣; 谢强; 庞祥; 陈洁; 唐志成; 甘妮; 阮芳; 于冬燕; 黎风银; 黄文奇; 詹东晖; 罗世辉; 罗静; 杨露; 罗会健; 梁富成
Original assignee: Guangxi Agricultural Reclamation Xijiang Dairy Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Agricultural Reclamation Xijiang Dairy Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-09
Filing date: 2020-07-09
Publication date: 2020-10-16

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of breeding facilities, and particularly discloses an ecological breeding method of dairy cows, which comprises the following steps: (1) rebuilding a cowshed; (2) blending the feed; (3) managing a fermentation bed; (4) and (5) breeding management. According to the invention, the ecological breeding of the dairy cows is constructed from the aspects of building a clean cowshed, treating the feed by adopting a microbial technology, recycling cow dung, reasonably adjusting breeding density and the like, so that the emission of feces and odor is effectively reduced, and no pollution discharge, no odor, few flies and no disturbance to the people are realized; the production performance and the breeding benefit of the dairy cows are greatly improved. The method is particularly suitable for popularization and application in southern areas of China.

Description

Ecological breeding method for dairy cows

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding, and particularly relates to an ecological breeding method of dairy cows.

Background

38 hundred million tons of livestock and poultry excrement and sewage are produced in China every year, the comprehensive utilization rate is less than 60 percent, the high-efficiency treatment rate is only 30.1 percent, and the method becomes a main source of agricultural non-point source pollution. The digestive system of the dairy cow is poor, and the excretion is very large. Traditional milk cow excrement has very big foul smell, breeds the fly and mosquito easily, and simultaneously, milk cow excrement and urine needs a large amount of running water to wash, increases sewage treatment pressure, brings huge environmental pollution problem, has restricted the development that the milk cow modularization was bred.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ecological breeding method of dairy cows, thereby overcoming the defects that the existing dairy cows are bred by using too much antibiotics and have great pollution to the environment.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an ecological breeding method of dairy cows, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) rebuilding a cowshed: dividing the cattle shed into an elevated bed and a fermentation bed which are connected, arranging a feeding area at one side of the elevated bed and at the side far away from the fermentation bed, and arranging a cattle manure collecting device below the elevated bed; the cow dung collected by the cow dung collecting device is collected into a collecting pool through a dung discharging pipe;

(2) and (3) blending the feed: the feed is treated by a microbiological technique, which specifically comprises: micro-storage treatment is carried out on corn stalks and sugarcane top stalks to obtain micro-storage feed; processing the peanut vine, lotus root residue, kudzu root residue and bean curd skin particles by using composite probiotics to obtain fermentation auxiliary materials; the fermented concentrated feed is obtained after the cottonseed and the concentrated feed are subjected to probiotic treatment, the micro-storage feed, the fermentation auxiliary materials and the fermented concentrated feed are mixed and then used for feeding the dairy cows, and each kilogram of the mixed feed contains more than or equal to probiotics5*10¹⁰cfu；

(3) Fermentation bed management: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out dry-wet separation and airing on cow dung collected by a collecting tank, controlling the water content of the cow dung to be 50-60%, then mixing the cow dung with sawdust and rice bran, paving the mixture into a fermentation bed to serve as a padding of a cowshed, and spraying a compound fermentation microbial inoculum to enable the padding to be naturally fermented in the fermentation bed;

(4) feeding management: the breeding density of the lactating cattle is not more than 15 square/head, and the replacement bred cattle is not more than 10 square/head. The cultivation density can be properly adjusted according to the fermentation humidity, or the throwing and turning times or padding can be increased.

The other undescribed parts were carried out in a conventional manner.

The invention organically combines microorganisms and facilities, and constructs the ecological breeding of the dairy cows from the aspects of building a clean cowshed, treating feed by adopting a microbial technology, recycling cow dung, reasonably adjusting breeding density and the like. Wherein, fall into consecutive elevated bed and fermentation bed with the cowshed to set up automatic cow dung collection device in elevated bed below, realize the wet separation futilely of cowshed and the automatic collection of cow dung, can improve the cowshed environment, improve the comfort level of milk cow, reduce the emergence of disease. The feed is treated by the microbial technology, so that the normal flora ecological structure in the gastrointestinal tract of the dairy cow can be kept, the feed can be absorbed and utilized by the dairy cow, the disease resistance of the dairy cow can be improved, the use of antibiotics can be reduced, meanwhile, the discharged excrement has no foul smell, the breeding of mosquitoes and flies can be inhibited, and the environmental pollution can be reduced. In addition, the cow dung is automatically collected and then is mixed with the sawdust and the rice bran to serve as padding of the cow, and the compound fermentation microbial inoculum is added for fermentation, so that a comfortable environment can be provided for the cow, the fermentation occupied area can be improved and reduced, and the cyclic utilization of resources is facilitated.

Preferably, cow dung collection device is including locating the slope form guiding gutter of elevated bed board below, the lower end of guiding gutter is equipped with the collecting vat, the guiding gutter middle part is equipped with the guide rail, the guide rail extends to the lower end of guiding gutter by the higher end of guiding gutter, be equipped with the slider on the guide rail, the slider both ends are driven by haulage rope and motor respectively, follow the guide rail slides from top to bottom, the slider both sides articulate through the pivot has the dung scraping plate, the pivot is connected with stay cord and reset spring, the stay cord with the haulage rope of the lower end of slider links to each other, the pivot is in can be relative under the tractive of haulage rope the swing of guide rail slider, thereby drive the dung scraping plate swing. The connection mode of the dung scraping plate, the rotating shaft and the sliding block can refer to structures such as some automatic swinging components, torsion bar springs and the like on the market. If the pulling rope is pulled, the dung scraping plate swings from the middle of the guide rail sliding block to two sides, the pulling rope is loosened, and the dung scraping plate swings to be vertical. Or pulling the pull rope, swinging the dung scraping plate from two sides of the guide rail sliding block to the middle, loosening the pull rope, and swinging the dung scraping plate to a horizontal state (the dung scraping plate is vertical to the guide rail).

Preferably, the microreservoir process comprises: in the step (2), cutting the corn stalks or sugarcane top straws into short rods of 1-2 cm, adding the micro-storage microbial inoculum, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content of the mixture to be 60-70%, and then placing the mixture at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ for sealed fermentation for 35-55 days to obtain the micro-storage feed. The micro-storage treatment comprises fresh straw fermentation and sun-dried straw fermentation, and silage and yellow silage are respectively obtained. The silage has a short fermentation period and a short quality guarantee period, and the yellow silage needs to be added with water and extruded to control the water content and has a long quality guarantee period. In actual production, silage and yellow silage can be mixed for feeding.

Preferably, the micro-storage microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of trichoderma reesei and 2-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria; the addition amount of the microbial inoculum is 0.5-1% of the mass of the mixture. Before the microbial inoculum is added, activating treatment is carried out; and performing sealed fermentation on the fermented product in a sealed container, and spraying a layer of saline water on the top of the sealed container.

Preferably, in the step (2), the complex probiotics comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1-2 parts of bifidobacterium, 1-2 parts of lactobacillus, 1-2 parts of acetobacter and 3-4 parts of cellulase.

Preferably, in the step (2), the probiotics comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of acetobacter, 1-2 parts of lactobacillus and 1-2 parts of brettanomyces. .

Preferably, in the step (3), the weight ratio of the manure residues to the wood chips and the rice bran is (8-9): (1-5): 1-3).

Preferably, in the step (3), the compound fermentation inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1-2 parts of yeast and 1-2 parts of nitrobacteria, wherein 20-50 g of the mixed fermentation bacteria agent is added to each square meter of padding.

Preferably, in the step (3), padding and a zymophyte agent are added every 15 to 30 days.

Preferably, in the step (3), the thickness of the padding is 25-50 cm; a fan is arranged above the fermentation bed. The ventilation of air is facilitated, the humidity of the padding is controlled, and the surface temperature of the padding is reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention constructs the ecological breeding of the dairy cows from the aspects of constructing a clean cowshed, treating feed by adopting a microbial technology, recycling cow dung, reasonably adjusting breeding density and the like. The cowshed is divided into an elevated bed and a padding area, so that dry-wet separation is realized, the sanitary environment of the cowshed can be improved, the dairy cows are not easy to get ill, and the quality of milk is improved. In addition, set up automatic excrement and urine collection device in high price bed below, can reduce the labour widely, need not simultaneously with a large amount of water wash cattle pen, can save the water resource, alleviate the sewage treatment pressure of plant, not only high-efficient but also environmental protection.

2. The method utilizes the microbial technology to treat the pasture feed, the raw materials are treated by beneficial microorganisms and then fed to the dairy cows, so that the normal flora ecological structure in the gastrointestinal tract of the dairy cows is kept, the feed can be promoted to be absorbed and utilized by the dairy cows, the disease resistance of the dairy cows can be improved, the use of antibiotics can be reduced, meanwhile, the discharged excrement has no foul smell, the breeding of mosquitoes and flies can be inhibited, and the environmental pollution can be reduced.

3. The cow dung is automatically collected and then mixed with the sawdust and the rice bran to serve as padding of the cow, and the compound fermentation microbial inoculum is added for fermentation, so that a comfortable environment can be provided for the cow, the fermentation occupied area can be reduced, and the cyclic utilization of resources is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the cowshed according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cow dung collecting device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a structure at a in fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is a cattle herd stock count;

FIG. 5 is the number of adult cows present;

FIG. 6 shows the annual fresh milk production;

FIG. 7 is the annual average single yield of cows;

FIG. 8 is the hoof disease incidence;

FIG. 9 is adult cow reproduction rate;

FIG. 10 is feed cost for adult cows;

fig. 11 shows the cost of adult cows.

Description of the main reference numerals:

1. an elevated bed; 2. a fence; 3. a diversion trench; 4. collecting tank; 5. a guide rail; 6. a slider; 7. a hauling rope; 8. a motor; 9. a dung scraping plate; 10. a rotating shaft; 11. pulling a rope; 12. a return spring 13 and a limit stop; 14. a fermentation bed; 15. a manure discharge port; 16. a return port; 17. a feeding area; 18. a water tank; 19. a manure discharge pipe; 20. a collection tank; 21. a return pipe; 22. and (4) a water pump.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in figures 1-3, the cowshed comprises an elevated bed 1 and a fermentation bed 14 which are connected, a fence 2 is arranged on the peripheries of the elevated bed 1 and the fermentation bed 14, and a water tank 18 is hung on the outer side of the fence 2. The feeding area 17 is arranged on one side of the elevated bed 1, the feeding area 17 is arranged on one side of the elevated bed 1 of the high-price bed and is the side far away from the fermentation bed 14, and meanwhile, a cow dung collecting device is arranged below the elevated bed 1. Cow dung collection device is including locating the slope form guiding gutter 3 of overhead bed board 1 below, the lower end of guiding gutter 3 is equipped with collecting vat 4, guiding gutter 3 middle part is equipped with guide rail 5, guide rail 5 extends to the lower end of guiding gutter 3 by the higher end of guiding gutter 3, be equipped with slider 6 on the guide rail 5, slider 6 both ends are driven by haulage rope 7 and motor 8 respectively, follow guide rail 5 slides from top to bottom, 6 both sides of slider articulate through pivot 10 and scrape excrement board 9, pivot 10 is connected with stay cord 11 and reset spring 12, stay cord 11 with the haulage rope 7 of the lower end of slider 6 links to each other, pivot 10 is in can be relative under the tractive of haulage rope 7 the 5 slider 6 swings of guide rail, thereby drive scrape the swing of excrement board 9. And the sliding block 6 is also provided with a limit stop 13 for limiting the swing angle of the dung scraping plate 9. In this embodiment, the swing angle of the limit stop 13 is smaller than 90 °. The connection mode of the dung scraping plate 9, the rotating shaft 10 and the sliding block 6 can refer to some structures such as automatic swinging components, torsion bar springs and the like on the market. If the pulling rope 11 is pulled, the dung scraping plate 9 swings from the middle of the sliding block 6 of the guide rail 5 to two sides, and the pulling rope 11 is loosened, so that the dung scraping plate 9 swings to be vertical. Or pulling the pull rope 11, the dung scraping plate 9 swings to the middle from two sides of the sliding block 6 of the guide rail 5, the pull rope 11 is loosened, and the dung scraping plate 9 swings to be horizontal (the dung scraping plate 9 is vertical to the guide rail 5).

Furthermore, the collecting tank 4 is connected with the collecting tank 20 through a feces discharge pipe 19, a backflow port 16 is further arranged at the higher end of the collecting tank 4, a backflow pipe 21 is arranged between the collecting tank and the backflow port 16 of the collecting tank 4, and the backflow pipe 21 is further connected with a water pump 22.

Further, a fan is arranged above the fermentation bed 14. The ventilation of air is facilitated, the humidity of the padding is controlled, and the surface temperature of the padding is reduced.

The cowshed of the embodiment is used for raising cows, and cows reach the feeding area 17 outside the enclosure 2 in the area where the high-price bed 1 is located to eat, and excrete in the high-price bed 1 at the same time. The discharged excrement and urine are discharged into the diversion trench 3 through the excrement discharge leak of the elevated bed plate 1. Because guiding gutter 3 is the slope form, partial excrement and urine can be discharged to collecting vat 4 by oneself under the effect of gravity. At certain intervals, the motor 8 can be started to drive the sliding block 6 to slide along the sliding groove, and excrement is scraped into the collecting tank 4 through the excrement scraping plate 9. When the sliding block 6 slides from the lower end to the upper end, the pull rope 11 is loosened, and the dung scraping plate 9 is drawn close to the sliding rail under the action of the return spring, so that the resistance is reduced; when the sliding block 6 slides from the higher end to the lower end, the pull rope 11 controls the dung scraping plate 9 to horizontally open, and the dung is scraped into the collecting tank 4. And so on. Cow dung and urine that collecting vat 4 of different cowhouses collected pass through excrement discharging pipe 19 and arrange collecting pit 20 in, and collecting pit 20 can set up the two-stage, and the supernatant urine accessible water pump 22 that collecting pit 20 precipitated and back flow 21 are taken back to collecting vat 4 in, wash collecting vat 4 to drive cow dung and urine in the collecting vat 4 and transmit to collecting pit 20. Namely, extra water is not needed for cleaning, and the cyclic utilization of resources is realized.

The invention divides the cowshed into the elevated bed 1 and the fermenting bed 14 in the padding area, realizes the dry-wet separation, can improve the sanitary environment of the cowshed, enables the dairy cows not to be sick easily, and further improves the quality of milk. Set up automatic excrement and urine collection device in high price bed 1 below, can reduce the labour widely, need not simultaneously to wash the cowshed with a large amount of water, can save the water resource, alleviate the sewage treatment pressure of plant, not only high-efficient but also environmental protection. The urine clarified by the collecting tank 20 is used for flushing and collecting cow dung, so that the resource recycling can be realized, and the generation of sewage is reduced.

Example 2

An ecological breeding method of dairy cows is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) rebuilding a cowshed: dividing the cattle shed into an elevated bed and a fermentation bed which are connected, arranging a feeding area at one side of the elevated bed and at the side far away from the fermentation bed, and arranging a cattle manure collecting device below the elevated bed; cow dung collected by the cow dung collecting device is collected into a collecting tank through a dung discharging pipe. The concrete structure of the cowshed is shown in the embodiment 1.

(2) And (3) blending the feed: the feed is treated by a microbiological technique, which specifically comprises: micro-storage treatment is carried out on corn stalks and sugarcane top stalks to obtain micro-storage feed; processing the peanut vine, lotus root residue, kudzu root residue and bean curd skin particles by using composite probiotics to obtain fermentation auxiliary materials; for the cotton seeds,Carrying out probiotic treatment on the concentrated feed to obtain fermented concentrated feed, and mixing the micro-storage feed, the fermentation auxiliary materials and the fermented concentrated feed according to the weight ratio of 3: 1: 6 mixing and feeding milk cow, wherein the content of probiotics in each kilogram of mixed feed is more than or equal to 5 x 10¹⁰cfu。

Further, the micro-storage process comprises: cutting corn stalks or sugarcane top straws into short rods of 1-2 cm, adding a micro-storage microbial inoculum, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content of the mixture to be 60-70%, and then placing the mixture at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ for sealed fermentation for 35-55 days to obtain the micro-storage feed. The microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of trichoderma reesei and 2-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria; the addition amount of the microbial inoculum is 0.5-1% of the mass of the mixture, and the activation treatment is carried out on the microbial inoculum before the addition; and carrying out sealed fermentation on the fermented product in a sealed container, and spraying a layer of saline water on the top of the sealed container after the fermented material is filled.

The composite probiotics for fermenting the auxiliary materials comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1-2 parts of bifidobacteria, 1-2 parts of lactobacillus, 1-2 parts of acetobacter and 3-4 parts of cellulase.

The probiotics for concentrate fermentation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of acetobacter, 1-2 parts of lactobacillus and 1-2 parts of brettanomyces.

(3) Fermentation bed management: and (2) carrying out dry-wet separation and airing on the cow dung collected by the collecting tank, controlling the water content of the cow dung to be 50-60%, then mixing the cow dung with sawdust and rice bran, paving the mixture into the fermentation bed to be used as padding of the cowshed, and spraying a compound fermentation microbial inoculum to enable the padding to be naturally fermented in the fermentation bed. The thickness of the padding is 25-50 cm; a fan is arranged above the fermentation bed.

Furthermore, the weight ratio of the manure residues to the wood chips and the rice bran is (8-9) to (1-5) to (1-3). The composite fermentation inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1-2 parts of yeast and 1-2 parts of nitrobacteria, wherein 20-50 g of the mixed fermentation bacteria agent is added to each square meter of padding. Padding and a zymophyte agent are added every 15 to 30 days.

The Guangxi agricultural reclamation Xijiang dairy industry Limited company 2015 begins to adopt the method to reconstruct a modern breeding cowshed, and carries out ecological breeding on the dairy cows according to the method. As shown in fig. 4-11, the cattle stock was increased by 97 heads for 5 years, with a growth rate of 24.6%, see fig. 4. The adult cows have 50 more stalls, the growth rate is 22.73 percent, and the graph is shown in figure 5. The fresh cow milk is increased by 911 tons, and the increase is 62.70 percent, as shown in figure 6. In 2012-2014, the company cultured the cows according to the traditional method, and the unit yields of the cows are 5428kg, 5883 kg and 5837 kg respectively. After the cultivation method is implemented in 2015, the yield per unit exceeds 7000 kg of customs and continuously increases in the following years to reach 9632kg in 2019 (see fig. 7). Creating the peculiar trace of the southern dairy cow per unit birth. The feed does not contain antibiotics, does not use chemical disinfectants for disinfection, and ensures the quality safety of the fresh milk. The cow resistance is improved and the hoof disease incidence is reduced obviously by feeding fermented feed containing beneficial microorganisms. The incidence of hoof disease decreased from 4.49% in 2015 to 1% in 2019, see fig. 8. Adult cows have been increasing in reproductive rates over the 5 years, see fig. 9. By utilizing the microbial technology, the utilization rate and the conversion rate of the feed are improved, and the cost of the feed is reduced year by year. The cost of feed for adult cows decreased from 3.342 yuan/kg milk in 2015 to 2.03 yuan/kg milk in 2019, see fig. 10. The feed cost accounts for about 65 percent of the total cost, and is reduced, and the production cost is also reduced year by adding reduction of the cost of veterinary drugs and the like, as shown in figure 11. In addition, the water consumption of the dairy farm is low, zero emission is realized, and the culture pollution is greatly reduced; the excrement is completely fermented, waste is turned into wealth, and the cultivation is well-balanced; because of the action of beneficial microorganisms, the culture process has no odor and is environment-friendly.

In conclusion, the invention constructs the ecological breeding of the dairy cows from the aspects of constructing a clean cowshed, adopting the microbial technology to treat the feed, recycling the cow dung, reasonably adjusting the breeding density and the like. Effectively reduces the discharge of feces and odor, and achieves the purposes of no pollution discharge, no odor, less flies and no disturbance to people. The production performance and the breeding benefit of the dairy cows are greatly improved.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ecological breeding method of dairy cows is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(2) and (3) blending the feed: the feed is treated by a microbiological technique, which specifically comprises: micro-storage treatment is carried out on corn stalks and sugarcane top stalks to obtain micro-storage feed; processing the peanut vine, lotus root residue, kudzu root residue and bean curd skin particles by using composite probiotics to obtain fermentation auxiliary materials; performing probiotic treatment on the cottonseed and the concentrated feed to obtain fermented concentrated feed, mixing the micro-storage feed, the fermentation auxiliary materials and the fermented concentrated feed for feeding the dairy cattle, wherein each kilogram of the mixed feed contains probiotics more than or equal to 5 x 10¹⁰cfu；

(4) feeding management: the breeding density of the lactating cattle is not more than 15 square/head, and the replacement bred cattle is not more than 10 square/head.

2. The ecological breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cow dung collecting device comprises an inclined guiding gutter arranged below the elevated bed plate, the lower end of the guiding gutter is provided with a collecting groove, the middle of the guiding gutter is provided with a guide rail, the guide rail extends from the upper end of the guiding gutter to the lower end of the guiding gutter, the guide rail is provided with a slider, two ends of the slider are respectively driven by a traction rope and a motor to slide up and down along the guide rail, two sides of the slider are hinged with a dung scraping plate through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with a pull rope and a return spring, the pull rope is connected with the traction rope at the lower end of the slider, and the rotating shaft can swing relative to the guide rail slider under the traction of the traction rope, so as to drive the dung scraping plate to swing.

3. The ecological breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the micro-storage treatment comprises: cutting corn stalks or sugarcane top straws into short rods of 1-2 cm, adding a micro-storage microbial inoculum, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content of the mixture to be 60-70%, and then placing the mixture at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ for sealed fermentation for 35-55 days to obtain the micro-storage feed.

4. The ecological breeding method according to claim 3, wherein the micro-storage bacterial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of trichoderma reesei and 2-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria; the addition amount of the microbial inoculum is 0.5-1% of the mass of the mixture.

5. The ecological breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the composite probiotics comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1-2 parts of bifidobacterium, 1-2 parts of lactobacillus, 1-2 parts of acetobacter and 3-4 parts of cellulase.

6. The ecological breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the probiotics comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of acetobacter, 1-2 parts of lactobacillus and 1-2 parts of brettanomyces.

7. The ecological breeding method of claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the weight ratio of the manure residues to the wood chips and the rice bran is (8-9): 1-5): 1-3.

8. The ecological breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the composite fermentation inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1-2 parts of yeast and 1-2 parts of nitrobacteria, wherein 20-50 g of the mixed fermentation bacteria agent is added to each square meter of padding.

9. The ecological breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), padding and a fermentation bacteria agent are added every 15 to 30 days.

10. The ecological breeding method of claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the thickness of the padding is 25-50 cm; a fan is arranged above the fermentation bed.