CN107466874B - Sugarcane byproduct cattle fermentation bed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sugarcane byproduct cattle fermentation bed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
- A23K50/15—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants containing substances which are metabolically converted to proteins, e.g. ammonium salts or urea
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a fermentation bed for a sugarcane byproduct cattle, wherein the padding of the fermentation bed comprises alkalized bagasse, sugarcane leaves, strain fermentation liquor obtained by adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into molasses and a mixture consisting of unite bran, urea, wheat bran and corn flour. The invention alkalifies the bagasse and kneads the sugarcane leaves, so that the cattle can only walk and lie comfortably, which is beneficial to the growth of the cattle, develops the cattle fermentation bed which is a sugarcane by-product, solves the problems of serious environmental pollution in the traditional cattle cultivation, provides inorganic substance nutrition and somatic protein for the beef cattle during the propagation and growth, makes full use of the sugarcane by-product, has simple production process and low cost, and is worthy of popularization and application in vast sugarcane areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding, and particularly relates to a sugarcane byproduct cattle fermentation bed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the vigorous development of animal husbandry in China, the production scale and intensification trend is more and more obvious, particularly, the construction of a large number of farms provides abundant livestock and poultry products for human beings, and at the same time, because most livestock and poultry manure and sewage of the large-scale farms are directly used as fertilizers without being treated, and some areas even directly discharge into rivers, serious pollution and damage are caused to the environment of China, and how to reasonably treat the livestock and poultry manure is related to the healthy development of the animal husbandry. At present, the breeding of cattle still continues to use the traditional breeding mode of colony houses, excrement and urine is excreted on the ground, the excrement and urine is cleaned manually or mechanically, and the cattle house is cleaned by a large amount of water. The manure scatters and accumulates on the ground, resulting in an unpleasant environmental odor in the cowshed. Some cattle farms directly lay straws and the like on colony houses, but the method has the defects of poor dirt absorbing capacity, weak decomposition capacity on wastes such as excrement and urine, short service life, easy initiation of livestock diseases and the like, and cannot meet the requirements of promoting the growth of cattle, preventing and treating diseases, discharging pollutants and the like in modern cattle breeding.
The micro-ecological fermentation bed is widely applied to the breeding industry at present, particularly, the micro-ecological fermentation bed is most widely applied to breeding of livestock such as pigs and cattle, and the fermentation bed disclosed in Chinese patent CN105075871A and Chinese patent CN104521879A has good effect when being used for breeding of livestock. However, the prior fermentation bed needs to overcome the following technical difficulties: the existing fermentation bed padding is inconvenient to take materials and hard in texture, and the prepared fermentation bed can easily cause damage to livestock and the livestock cannot lie comfortably; the existing fermentation bed padding is insufficient in digestion capacity of cow dung, and the cow dung is large in quantity and high in cellulose content, so that the cow dung is not easily decomposed by the existing fermentation bed, accumulation of the cow dung is caused, and growth and production of the cow are influenced. Therefore, there is a need to develop a more comfortable fermentation bed for cattle breeding.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of difficult treatment of excrement and urine, serious pollution and the like in the existing cattle breeding process, the invention provides the sugarcane byproduct cattle fermentation bed and the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a fermentation bed for a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises a raw material A of alkalized bagasse, a raw material B of sugarcane leaves and a raw material C of strain fermentation liquor, wherein the strain fermentation liquor is obtained by adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into molasses, and the raw material A, B, C is 60-70: 25-40: 2-2.5 in weight ratio.
Preferably, the fermentation bed padding also comprises a raw material D, wherein the raw material D is a mixture of rice bran, urea, wheat bran and corn flour, and the weight ratio of the rice bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour is 35-50: 1-3: 5-10.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the raw material A, B, C, D is 50-80: 15-45: 1-3: 3-10.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the sugarcane byproduct cattle fermentation bed, which comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) after bagasse is treated by a solid alkalizer, adjusting the water content to be 30-55%, compacting and stacking for 24-72 h to obtain alkalized bagasse, which is used as a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the dried sugarcane leaves to obtain a raw material B for later use;
(3) adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into molasses to obtain a strain fermentation broth serving as a raw material C for later use, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is a special fermentation microbial inoculum for sugarcane byproducts;
(4) uniformly mixing the raw material A, B, C in proportion, adjusting the water content to 40-65%, stacking and fermenting for 5-10 days, and drying until the water content is less than 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(5) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding prepared in the step (4) on a cowshed at the thickness of 10-40 cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the sugarcane byproduct cattle fermentation bed, which comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) after bagasse is treated by a solid alkalizer, adjusting the water content to be 30-55%, compacting and stacking for 24-72 h to obtain alkalized bagasse, which is used as a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the dried sugarcane leaves to obtain a raw material B for later use;
(3) adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into molasses to obtain a strain fermentation broth serving as a raw material C for later use, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is a special fermentation microbial inoculum for sugarcane byproducts;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing the raw material A, B, C, D in proportion, adjusting the water content to 40-65%, stacking and fermenting for 5-10 days, and drying until the water content is less than 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (3) paving the fermentation bed padding prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed at the thickness of 10-40 cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Preferably, the solid alkalizer in the step (1) is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and lime, the weight ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the lime is 2:3, and the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide and the lime is 0.2-1.0% of the dry weight of the bagasse.
Preferably, the kneading treatment in the step (2) is carried out, and the length of the sugarcane leaves of the raw material B is less than 10 cm.
Preferably, the fermentation bacterial agent special for the sugarcane byproducts in the step (3) is one or more of lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and yeast obtained by screening and cultivating bagasse, sugarcane leaves and EM bacterial liquid.
Preferably, the concentration of the molasses in the step (3) is 0.2-2.0%.
Preferably, the breeding density of the cowshed in the step (6) is adjusted according to the season, the temperature and the cow body coincidence, the period of artificially turning and harrowing the fermentation bed padding is 10-30 days, and the service life is not less than half a year.
The invention uses the sugarcane by-product bagasse and sugarcane leaves as the raw materials of the fermentation bed padding, because the raw materials are easy to obtain and low in price, and because the feed source of sugarcane cattle is mainly sugarcane by-products, the main raw material of the fermentation bed is also sugarcane by-products, the feed eaten by cattle can be directly cleaned to the fermentation bed without additional treatment, thereby saving time and labor.
The bagasse after the alkalization treatment is softer, so that cattle can walk and lie comfortably, and the cattle can grow favorably.
The reason why the caustic soda flakes and lime are used as the solid alkalizer in the present invention is that the caustic soda flakes and lime are easily available and inexpensive.
The invention is used for processing the sugarcane top to the length of less than 10cm, so as to avoid the damage of the hard sugarcane top to cattle.
The fermentation bacteria agent is used because the fermentation bacteria not only have special bacteria for fermenting sugarcane byproducts, but also have special fermentation bacteria for cow dung, and are particularly suitable for decomposing cow dung with high cellulose content.
The thickness of the padding of the fermentation bed is controlled, and the thickness is designed aiming at the lying comfort of cattle.
The fermentation bacteria agent is added into the molasses, and the carbon source of the molasses is utilized to culture the bacteria.
The invention adopts the bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour, because the bran, the wheat bran and the corn flour can be directly used as cattle food, and simultaneously the bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour can provide carbon sources and nitrogen sources for the zymophyte agent.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
1. the invention makes full use of a large amount of sugarcane byproducts, and has great popularization significance in sugarcane areas. In addition, aiming at the problems that the bagasse and the sugarcane leaves are hard in texture and the fermentation bed is made to cause cattle hoof damage and cattle lie possibly uncomfortable, the bagasse is subjected to alkalization treatment and the sugarcane leaves are subjected to kneading treatment, so that the cattle can only walk and lie comfortably on the bagasse and the sugarcane leaves, and the growth of the cattle is facilitated.
2. The fermentation microbial inoculum adopted by the invention is mainly obtained by breeding bagasse, sugarcane leaves and EM (effective microorganisms), has special bacteria for fermenting sugarcane byproducts and special fermentation bacteria for cow dung, and can perform synergistic action on a fermentation bed. In addition, the micro-pore structure on the surface of the bagasse subjected to the alkalization treatment is increased, the adsorption capacity is enhanced, the immobilization of a microbial inoculum is facilitated, and the service life of the fermentation bed is prolonged.
3. The feed source of the sugarcane cattle is mainly sugarcane byproducts, and the main raw materials of the fermentation bed are also sugarcane byproducts, so that the method conforms to the policy of combining sugarcane and cattle, protecting cattle with sugarcane and promoting sugarcane with cattle. And the residual feed eaten by the cattle can be directly cleaned to the fermentation bed without additional treatment, so that the time and the labor are saved.
4. The sugarcane byproduct cattle fermentation bed is developed, not only solves the problems that the environment pollution is serious in the traditional cattle cultivation, but also a large number of microorganisms which are propagated and grown simultaneously provide inorganic substance nutrition for beef cattle and thallus protein for the cattle to eat, but also makes full use of the sugarcane byproduct, has simple production process and low cost, and is worthy of popularization and application in vast sugarcane areas.
Detailed Description
The fermentation bed of sugarcane by-product cattle and the preparation method thereof are further described by specific examples. It should be understood that the examples are for illustrative purposes and not intended to limit the invention, and that all simple modifications made to the invention in light of the spirit thereof are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a fermentation bed of a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing bagasse, adding a solid alkalizer which is sodium hydroxide and lime in a ratio of 2:3 into the bagasse with the mass of 0.5% of the dry bagasse, adjusting the water content to 50%, compacting and stacking for 48h to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape with the length of 10cm, and taking the sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding yeast obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaf and EM bacterial solution, and standing for 5h to obtain raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the raw material A, B, C according to the weight ratio of 60:25:2, adjusting the water content to 40%, stacking and fermenting for 5 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(5) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding prepared in the step (4) on a cowshed in a thickness of 10cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a fermentation bed of a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing bagasse, adding a solid alkalizer which is sodium hydroxide and lime in a ratio of 2:3 into the bagasse with the mass of 0.5% of the dry bagasse, adjusting the water content to 50%, compacting and stacking for 24h to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape with the length of 9cm, and taking the sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding bacillus obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaves and EM bacterial liquid, and standing for 5h to obtain a raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the raw material A, B, C according to the weight ratio of 70:40:2.5, adjusting the water content to 48%, stacking and fermenting for 7 days, and drying until the water content is 10% after the fermentation is finished to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(5) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding material prepared in the step (4) on a cowshed at the thickness of 15cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a fermentation bed of a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing bagasse, adding a solid alkalizer which is sodium hydroxide and lime in a ratio of 2:3 into the bagasse with the mass of 0.6% of the dry bagasse, adjusting the water content to 50%, compacting and stacking for 48h to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape with the length of 10cm, and taking the sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding yeast obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaf and EM bacterial solution, and standing for 5h to obtain raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the raw material A, B, C according to the weight ratio of 65:28:2.4, adjusting the water content to 30%, stacking, fermenting for 8 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(5) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding prepared in the step (4) on a cowshed in a thickness of 10cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Example 4:
a preparation method of a fermentation bed of a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing bagasse, and then adding a solid alkalizer according to 0.5 percent of the dry matter weight of the bagasse, wherein the solid alkalizer is prepared from the following components in a ratio of 2:3, adjusting the water content to 50%, compacting and stacking for 48 hours to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape with the length of 10cm, and taking the sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding lactobacillus and bacillus obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaf and EM bacterial solution, and standing for 5h to obtain raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour in a weight ratio of 35:3:5:5 to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing raw material A, B, C, D according to the weight ratio of 60:25:2:7, adjusting the water content to 40%, stacking and fermenting for 5 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding material prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed in a thickness of 40cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Example 5:
a preparation method of a fermentation bed of a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing bagasse, and then adding a solid alkalizer according to 0.2% of the dry matter weight of the bagasse, wherein the solid alkalizer is prepared from the following components in a ratio of 2:3, adjusting the water content to 30% by using sodium hydroxide and lime, compacting and stacking for 24h to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape, wherein the length of the sugarcane leaves is 8cm, and the sugarcane leaves are used as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding bacillus and yeast obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaves and EM bacterial solution, and standing for 5h to obtain raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour in a weight ratio of 50:3:10:10 to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing raw material A, B, C, D according to the weight ratio of 50:15:1:3, adjusting the water content to 50%, stacking and fermenting for 8 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 10% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding material prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed at the thickness of 30cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Example 6:
a preparation method of a fermentation bed of a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing bagasse, and then adding a solid alkalizer according to 1.0% of the dry matter weight of the bagasse, wherein the solid alkalizer is prepared from the following components in a ratio of 2:3, adjusting the water content to 55%, compacting and stacking for 72h to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape with the length of 10cm, and taking the sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding lactobacillus and yeast obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaf and EM bacterial solution, and standing for 5h to obtain raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour in a weight ratio of 30:1:7:8 to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing raw material A, B, C, D according to the weight ratio of 80:45:3:10, adjusting the water content to 65%, stacking and fermenting for 10 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 12% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding material prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed by 10cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Example 7:
a preparation method of a fermentation bed of a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing bagasse, and then adding a solid alkalizer according to 0.5 percent of the dry matter weight of the bagasse, wherein the solid alkalizer is prepared from the following components in a ratio of 2:3, adjusting the water content to 50% by using sodium hydroxide and lime, compacting and stacking for 40h to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape with the length of 10cm, and taking the sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding lactobacillus obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaf and EM bacterial solution, and standing for 5h to obtain raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour in a weight ratio of 35:3:10:10 to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing raw material A, B, C, D according to the weight ratio of 70:15:2:10, adjusting the water content to 45%, stacking and fermenting for 6 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding material prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed in a thickness of 40cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Example 8
A preparation method of a fermentation bed of a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing bagasse, and then adding a solid alkalizer according to 0.8% of the dry matter weight of the bagasse, wherein the solid alkalizer is prepared from the following components in a ratio of 2:3, adjusting the water content to 55%, compacting and stacking for 48 hours to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape with the length of 10cm, and taking the sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding bacillus obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaves and EM bacterial liquid, and standing for 5h to obtain a raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour in a weight ratio of 35:3:5:5 to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing raw material A, B, C, D according to the weight ratio of 50:19:1:3, adjusting the water content to 40%, stacking and fermenting for 10 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding material prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed in a thickness of 20cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Example 9
A preparation method of a fermentation bed of a sugarcane byproduct cattle comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing bagasse, and then adding a solid alkalizer according to 0.8% of the dry matter weight of the bagasse, wherein the solid alkalizer is prepared from the following components in a ratio of 2:3, adjusting the water content to 55%, compacting and stacking for 48 hours to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape with the length of 10cm, and taking the sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding lactobacillus, bacillus and yeast obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaf and EM bacterial solution, and standing for 5h to obtain raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour in a weight ratio of 35:3:5:5 to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing raw material A, B, C, D according to the weight ratio of 50:19:1:3, adjusting the water content to 40%, stacking and fermenting for 10 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding material prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed in a thickness of 10cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Control group 1: the padding of the existing fermentation bed comprises wood dust, rice bran, green grass, fermentation bed bacteria liquid and the like.
Control group 2: (based on example 4, the alkalization step was eliminated)
(1) Weighing bagasse, adjusting water content to be 50%, compacting and stacking for 48 hours to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) taking sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding lactobacillus and bacillus obtained by screening and culturing bagasse, sugarcane leaf and EM bacterial solution, and standing for 5h to obtain raw material C for later use;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour in a weight ratio of 35:3:5:5 to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing raw material A, B, C, D according to the weight ratio of 60:25:2:7, adjusting the water content to 40%, stacking and fermenting for 5 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding material prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed in a certain thickness to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
Control group 3: (example 4 is based on the selection of a fermentation inoculum other than bagasse and sugarcane leaves)
(1) Weighing bagasse, and then adding a solid alkalizer according to 0.5 percent of the dry matter weight of the bagasse, wherein the solid alkalizer is prepared from the following components in a ratio of 2:3, regulating the water content to 50%, compacting and stacking for 48 hours to obtain a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the semi-dry sugarcane leaves by using a rubbing machine to enable the sugarcane leaves to be in a soft thin filament shape with the length of 10cm, and taking the sugarcane leaves as a raw material B for later use;
(3) preparing 0.5% molasses solution, adding lactobacillus and bacillus (purchased from market), standing for 5h to obtain raw material C;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour in a weight ratio of 35:3:5:5 to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing raw material A, B, C, D according to the weight ratio of 60:25:2:7, adjusting the water content to 40%, stacking and fermenting for 5 days, and drying after the fermentation is finished until the water content is 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding material prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed in a certain thickness to obtain the cattle fermentation bed. .
Experimental example:
to better compare the feeding effect of the present invention with the prior art, the inventors conducted the following experiments.
1. Test set-up
Control group-control three groups: the cattle are bred by adopting fermentation beds of a control group 1 to a control group 3 respectively.
Example 1 group: cattle were bred using the fermentation bed of example 1.
Example 2 group: cattle were bred using the fermentation bed of example 4.
2. Feeding test
2.1 test methods
120 beef cattle of 10 months old are selected, and 30 beef cattle are randomly distributed in each group. Weighing the weight before the test, feeding each group with corresponding fermentation bed respectively to ensure that the feed trough is not interrupted and the feeding is free, and ensuring that the weight of the slaughtered animals is the same after feeding for several months.
| Group of | Cost (Wanyuan) | Cultivation environment | Status of beef cattle |
| Control group | 6.5±0.01 | Residual feces and urine with odor | The body is easy to be injured |
| Control two groups | 4.1±0.01 | No residual excrement and urine and no odor | The body is easy to be injured |
| Control three groups | 4.7±0.01 | Residual feces and urine with odor | Is not easy to damage |
| EXAMPLE 1 group | 4.1±0.01 | No residual excrement and urine and no odor | Is not easy to damage |
| EXAMPLE 2 group | 3.8±0.01 | No residual excrement and urine and no odor | Is not easy to damage |
2.2 feeding results
According to the test results, compared with a control group, the invention adopts the sugarcane byproducts as the main raw materials of the fermentation bed, and simultaneously adopts the special bacteria for fermenting the sugarcane byproducts, so that the breeding environment and the physical condition of beef cattle are better under the condition that the breeding cost is lower by more than 36 percent than that of the traditional fermentation bed; compared with the control group, the invention has the advantages that the breeding cost is equivalent, but the cattle injury is not easy to cause because the invention performs the alkalization treatment on the bagasse and the kneading treatment on the sugarcane leaves, so that the cattle can only walk and lie comfortably on the cane bagasse, thereby being beneficial to the growth of the cattle; compared with three groups of control groups, the invention has better culture environment under the condition that the culture cost is lower than that of the traditional fermentation bed by more than 12 percent, because the fermentation microbial inoculum is mainly obtained by breeding bagasse, sugarcane leaves and EM (effective microorganisms), not only has special bacteria for fermenting sugarcane byproducts, but also has special fermentation bacteria for cow dung, can perform synergistic action on the fermentation bed, has strong digestion capability on the cow dung, provides good growth environment for beef cattle, simultaneously breeds a large amount of grown microorganisms, provides inorganic substance nutrition for the beef cattle and edible thalli for the beef cattle, fully utilizes the sugarcane byproducts, and reduces the cost. Compared with the group of the example 1, the group of the example 2 has the advantage that the cultivation cost is lower by more than 7 percent, because the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour can provide a carbon source and a nitrogen source for the zymophyte agent, and the mycoprotein produced by fermentation is eaten by cattle.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a sugarcane accessory substance ox fermentation bed which characterized in that: the fermentation bed padding comprises raw material A of alkalized bagasse, raw material B of sugarcane leaves and raw material C of strain fermentation liquor, wherein the strain fermentation liquor is obtained by adding fermentation microbial inoculum into molasses, and the raw material A, B, C is 60:25:2 in proportion; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) after bagasse is treated by a solid alkalizer, adjusting the water content to be 30-55%, compacting and stacking for 24-72 h to obtain alkalized bagasse, which is used as a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the dried sugarcane leaves to obtain a raw material B for later use;
(3) adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into molasses to obtain a strain fermentation broth serving as a raw material C for later use, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is a special fermentation microbial inoculum for sugarcane byproducts;
(4) uniformly mixing the raw material A, B, C in proportion, adjusting the water content to 40-65%, stacking and fermenting for 5-10 days, and drying until the water content is less than 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(5) and (5) paving the fermentation bed padding prepared in the step (4) on a cowshed at the thickness of 10-40 cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
2. The utility model provides a sugarcane accessory substance ox fermentation bed which characterized in that: the fermentation bed padding comprises a raw material A of alkalized bagasse, a raw material B of sugarcane leaves, a raw material C of strain fermentation liquor and a raw material D, wherein the raw material D is a mixture of unite bran, urea, wheat bran and corn flour, the strain fermentation liquor is obtained by adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into molasses, the raw material A, B, C, D is 50-80: 15-45: 1-3: 3-10, the unite bran, urea, wheat bran and corn flour are 35-50: 1-3: 5-10, and the fermentation bed padding is prepared by the following steps:
(1) after bagasse is treated by a solid alkalizer, adjusting the water content to be 30-55%, compacting and stacking for 24-72 h to obtain alkalized bagasse, which is used as a raw material A for later use;
(2) rubbing the dried sugarcane leaves to obtain a raw material B for later use;
(3) adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into molasses to obtain a strain fermentation broth serving as a raw material C for later use, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is a special fermentation microbial inoculum for sugarcane byproducts;
(4) uniformly mixing the unite bran, the urea, the wheat bran and the corn flour to obtain a raw material D for later use;
(5) uniformly mixing the raw material A, B, C, D in proportion, adjusting the water content to 40-65%, stacking and fermenting for 5-10 days, and drying until the water content is less than 15% to obtain the fermentation bed padding;
(6) and (3) paving the fermentation bed padding prepared in the step (5) on a cowshed at the thickness of 10-40 cm to obtain the cattle fermentation bed.
3. A sugar cane byproduct bovine fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein: the solid alkalizer in the step (1) is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and lime, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the lime is 2:3, and the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide and the lime is 0.2-1.0% of the dry weight of the bagasse.
4. A sugar cane byproduct bovine fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein: and (3) kneading until the length of the sugarcane leaves is less than 10 cm.
5. A sugar cane byproduct bovine fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein: the special fermentation microbial inoculum for the sugarcane byproducts in the step (3) is one or more of lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and yeast obtained by screening and cultivating bagasse, sugarcane leaves and EM bacterial liquid.
6. A sugar cane byproduct bovine fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein: the concentration of the molasses in the step (3) is 0.2-2.0%.
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| CN110012840A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-16 | 何静 | A kind of softening of broomcorn millet stalk goes hard cattle pen to litter device |
| CN111955356A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-20 | 广西大学 | Sugarcane leaf-containing beef cattle fermentation bed padding and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114015603B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-06-24 | 广西防城港市亿林农牧有限公司 | Biological bacterial liquid and fermentation method and application thereof |
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Address after: 530041 Jinguang dairy company, Tanluo Town, XiXiangTang District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee after: GUANGXI NONGKEN JINGUANG DAIRY INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Institute of bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences Address before: 530041 Jinguang dairy farm, Tanluo Town, XiXiangTang District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee before: GUANGXI NONGKEN JINGUANG DAIRY INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: GUANGDONG PROVINCIAL BIOENGINEERING INSTITUTE (GUANGZHOU SUGARCANE INDUSTRY Research Institute) |