CN217905668U - Device for producing bedding materials for bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a apparatus for producing of bed bedding and padding, concretely relates to fermentation canopy field, including fermentation canopy and the moisture management mechanism of setting on its lateral wall, moisture management mechanism includes: the water storage tank is arranged at the upper end of the fermentation shed; the observation pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank; and water drops received by the water storage tank flow into the observation pipe to form a water level line for monitoring the water content of the bedridden bedding. Through the cooperation of catch basin and observation, can accept the water droplet that falls on the seal membrane on the one hand, prevent to drip and produce anaerobic reaction on the bedding pad material of lying, influence fermentation effect, on the other hand also can be through observing intraductal water level variation, and the moisture content of bedding pad material of lying is reflected to the side, and the surface carries out moisture management to it, makes the whole aerobic fermentation effect of bedding pad material of lying better.

Description

Device for producing bedding materials for bed

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fermentation canopy technical field, more specifically say, the utility model relates to a production device of bed bedding and padding.

Background

Whether the dairy cow lies in bed or not directly influences the bed-loading rate of the dairy cow, thereby influencing the lying and sleeping rest time and the body health condition of the dairy cow and further influencing the milk yield of the dairy cow. If the cattle is in bed on a cement ground, the cows have a rest for only about 7 hours; if the cattle is lying on bed with comfortable bedding, the rest time may reach more than 14 hours. Meanwhile, the clean and dry bedding for cattle can also reduce the incidence rate of bacterial reproduction, mastitis and hoof disease, ensure the health of the cattle and improve the quality and yield of the milk.

In the dairy cow breeding process, the dairy cows can generate excrement with the dry weight of about 12kg every day, so that the growth environment of a cowshed is deteriorated, the ammonia concentration is high, and mosquitoes and flies are bred; in addition, a great amount of cow dung generated by the cows brings great environmental protection treatment pressure to the cow farm. Therefore, the method is particularly important for the on-site utilization of the cow dung waste. In practical application, cow dung is applied to the bedding materials for reuse in the existing cow farms. Compared with the existing sand (sandy soil) mattress bed, rubber mattress bed, wood chip (peanut shell and the like) mattress bed and the like, the mattress bed made of cow dung is fluffy, has high comfort level and can increase the lying time of cows.

However, the existing bedding materials for reusing cow dung also have the defects, and the common farm only reduces the water content of the cow dung by airing and then uses the cow dung as the bedding materials for lying in bed. When the cow dung is not treated in place, the regenerated padding is not sanitary and qualified, is easy to carry or breed germs, and threatens the biological safety of a cow farm. A large amount of bacteria and worm eggs exist in the raw materials of the bedding materials such as the non-fermented cow dung, the sawdust, other biological residues and the like. The growth of these bacteria in bed can affect the health of the cow, resulting in a high incidence of mastitis. And after the padding is directly laid without fermentation, bacteria are fermented in the fermentation bed, so that a large amount of heat is generated. In summer or in hot areas, the heat stress reaction of the dairy cows can be further aggravated by the generated high temperature, and the sitting, lying and rest of the dairy cows are not facilitated.

Therefore, the bed padding which can meet the sanitary standard of the bed padding in a dairy farm and provide comfort for the dairy cows is difficult to overcome by the process of reusing the bed padding by cow dung. The aerobic fermentation of cow dung has multiple modes, and the best effect at present is a fermentation tank type fermentation mode. This model often requires certain fields, equipment and facilities.

The utility model discloses mainly be according to aerobic fermentation's law, provide a cow dung reuse fermentation production technology and the supporting production facility of this production technology of bed bedding to solve the problem that the bed bedding of dairy farm is with high costs, cow dung recycles difficultly.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defect of prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a production device of bed bedding to solve the problem that proposes in the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a production facility of bed bedding, includes fermentation canopy and sets up the moisture management mechanism on its lateral wall, moisture management mechanism includes:

the water storage tank is arranged at the upper end of the fermentation shed;

the observation pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank;

and water drops received by the water storage tank flow into the observation pipe to form a water level line for monitoring the water content of the bedding material.

In a preferred embodiment, the side wall of the fermentation shed is provided with a plurality of placing grooves, the observation pipes are arranged in the placing grooves, and two sides of the observation pipes, which are vertical to the side wall of the fermentation shed, are exposed outside the side wall.

In a preferred embodiment, the two exposed sides of the observation tube are provided with graduation lines.

In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the reservoir is inclined towards the observation tube.

In a preferred embodiment, the inside and the outside of the fermentation shed at the bottom of the observation pipe are provided with water discharging devices.

The utility model discloses a technological effect and advantage:

1. the method is suitable for most of large-scale cattle farms, has low requirements on hardware of the cattle farms, and is particularly suitable for newly built or reconstructed and expanded projects; the method solves the problem of cow dung pollution, reduces pollution emission, controls greenhouse gas emission, obtains partial clean energy, and simultaneously obtains sterile clean bedridden padding which is subjected to harmless treatment;

2. the bedding material for the bed obtained by the process method has the advantages of fluffy state, moderate water content, thorough sterilization and high comfort level, can increase the lying time of the cattle, and does not hurt the cattle body;

3. in the utility model, the bed padding is produced by cow dung, the raw material comes from the cattle farm and returns to the cattle farm, thereby achieving the cyclic utilization of resources, greatly reducing the operation cost of the cattle farm and isolating the input of exogenous pathogenic bacteria; the method realizes the high-efficiency treatment of the cow dung, and has the advantages of one-time investment saving, low operation cost and convenient operation management;

4. the method has the advantages that secondary pollution is not generated, the method is environment-friendly, odor emission is basically avoided, available resources are completely recycled, the method has a sustainable development effect on large-scale cattle farm cultivation, and good social benefits and environmental benefits are achieved;

5. through the cooperation of catch basin and observation, can accept the water droplet that falls on the seal membrane on the one hand, prevent to drip and produce anaerobic reaction on the bedding pad material of lying, influence fermentation effect, on the other hand also can be through observing intraductal water level variation, and the moisture content of bedding pad material of lying is reflected to the side, and the surface carries out moisture management to it, makes the whole aerobic fermentation effect of bedding pad material of lying better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the aerobic fermentation-based bedding for reusing cow dung;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device for producing bedding materials for lying in bed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the water management mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the top structure of the fermentation shed of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the observation tube of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the water storage tank of the present invention;

the reference signs are: 10. a fermentation shed; 20. scale lines; 30. a water discharge device 30; 11. a moisture management mechanism; 12. a placement groove; 111. a water storage tank; 112. the tube is observed.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The utility model relates to a production process for producing bedridden bedding materials by cow dung recycling fermentation, which comprises the following steps:

s1, collecting dung and dirt in a cowshed, transferring the dung and dirt into a dung and dirt pool, and uniformly stirring to obtain dung and dirt liquid;

s2, carrying out solid-liquid separation treatment on the feces liquid obtained in the step 1 to obtain solid feces residues;

s3, extruding the solid manure slag obtained in the step 2 to obtain a pretreated material;

s4, proportioning the pretreated material and crop straws, rice hulls, urea and other ingredients in proportion to obtain a fermentation raw material;

step S5, carrying out primary aerobic fermentation on the fermentation raw material obtained in the step S4;

and S6, transferring the fermentation material obtained in the step S5 into a fermentation shed for secondary fermentation.

Specifically, in step S2, after the solid-liquid separation treatment is performed on the fecal sewage, the water content of the separated solid fecal slag needs to be controlled to be 75% to 85%.

In step S3, the solid manure residues with the water content of 75-85% are extruded, so that the water content of the extruded dry manure is reduced to be below 65-70%.

In step S4, the fermentation raw materials are in the following mass percentage ratio:

pretreating materials: 70 to 80 percent of the total weight of the mixture,

crop straw, rice husk and other ingredients: 20% -30%;

urea: 0.05 to 0.1 percent

The crop straws, the rice hulls and other ingredients in the material mainly refer to crop straws such as corn straws, wheat straws, rice straws, sorghum straws, beanstalks, cotton stalks, rice hulls, wheat bran, rice chaffs and the like. The urea is conventional urea sold in the market.

In order to mix evenly, crop straws, rice husks and other ingredients need to be crushed, and the diameter of the materials is less than or equal to 2cm; mixing all the raw materials, and adjusting the water content of the fermented material to 55-65%. The raw materials are uniformly mixed, the water content is adjusted to 55-60%, aerobic fermentation complex bacteria is inoculated according to the addition amount of 1-2 per mill of the mass of the fermentation material, and the mixture is uniformly stirred.

The secondary aerobic fermentation composite microbial inoculum is conventional strains purchased in the market and comprises the following components: trichoderma viride, bacillus subtilis: candida utilis = 3-5. All strains are purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center.

In step S5, the fermentation material is built into a strip shape with the height of 1.5-2m, the width of 2-3m and any length, and primary aerobic fermentation is carried out. The key of the aerobic fermentation is that the temperature in the fermentation pile reaches more than 65 ℃. The primary aerobic fermentation process is mainly used for obtaining high temperature and screening high temperature producing flora. And (3) performing primary aerobic fermentation, namely performing material turning by using a self-propelled turning machine at the temperature of more than 65 ℃ generally, turning for 2-3 times, and then entering a bed padding fermentation shed for performing a secondary aerobic fermentation process.

In step S6, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the secondary static fermentation production facility for the bedridden litter is a simple fermentation shed. The length and width of the fermentation shed can be selected according to the size of the culture field, and the preferable width is 8-12m and the length is 40-50m. The periphery of the fermentation shed is covered with a base enclosing wall with the height of 80-100cm and a steel framework. Hand-operated film rolling devices are used on two sides of the fermentation shed to achieve ventilation.

Standard soil is tamped below the ground surface by 40-50cm of lime soil. The surface is covered by 2 layers of red bricks. In the ground of the fermentation shed, a groove with the width of 25cm and the depth of 20cm is arranged at intervals of 1 meter in the length direction, a rubber U-shaped groove is arranged and covered with red bricks, and ventilation and drainage are carried out. At the both sides of fermentation canopy, the installation breather pipe to connect the air channel in the fermentation canopy.

Further, in the step S6 of secondary static fermentation, the height of the fermentation material is between 1 and 1.2 m. Continuous aeration is adopted in the first 7 days, and discontinuous aeration is adopted in the seven days, aeration is carried out for 1 hour, and stopping for 2 hours, and secondary fermentation is carried out.

The secondary aerobic fermentation process mainly has 2 functions, the first is to obtain high temperature, control the fermentation temperature to be above 70 ℃, kill pathogenic bacteria, weed seeds, miscellaneous bacteria, pathogenic bacteria and the like in the fermentation material, and realize harmless indexes; secondly, the water in the fermented material is quickly reduced by using high-temperature fermentation and aeration.

The water content in the material to be fermented is reduced to below 50 percent and can be used when the following requirements are met: the number of Listeria can not be detected in straw bedding; aflatoxin is not detected; staphylococcus aureus can not be detected; salmonella cannot be detected; coli: less than or equal to 50 pieces/g.

According to the detection discovery to the excrement and urine before the fermentation and the pad after the fermentation, as shown in table 1, there are a large amount of escherichia coli, streptococcus and staphylococcus aureus in the excrement and urine after the pretreatment before the fermentation, and the testing result of escherichia coli, streptococcus and staphylococcus aureus is 0 in the pad after the fermentation, explains according to the utility model discloses the pad that processing of process method obtained can obtain the effect of killing the pathogenic bacterium completely. The padding can improve the breeding environmental sanitation and reduce the morbidity risk of cow hoof injury and mastitis.

TABLE 1

Example 2

The utility model relates to a device for producing bedridden bedding and padding, which is used for completing the bedding and padding production process in the embodiment 1. The fermentation house comprises a dung suction truck, a dung scraping plate, a solid-liquid separator, a turning machine, a fermentation house 10 and other equipment, wherein the dung suction truck and the dung scraping plate are used for collecting dung in a cowshed, transferring the dung to a dung pool, and uniformly stirring to obtain dung liquid; the solid-liquid separator is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation treatment on the excrement liquid to obtain solid excrement slag and carrying out extrusion treatment on the solid excrement slag; the turner is used for turning materials; the fermentation shed 10 is used for carrying out secondary aerobic fermentation on the bedridden padding.

The length and width of the fermentation shed 10 can be selected according to the size of the culture field, and the preferable width is 8-12m and the length is 40-50m. A base enclosing wall with the height of 80-100cm is used around the fermentation shed 10, a steel framework is used, and a greenhouse film is covered. The two sides of the fermentation shed 10 use hand-operated film rolling devices to realize ventilation.

Standard soil is tamped below the ground surface by 40-50cm of lime soil. The surface is covered by 2 layers of red bricks. A groove with the width of 25cm and the depth of 20cm is formed in the ground of the fermentation shed 10 at intervals of 1 meter in the length direction, a rubber U-shaped groove is installed, red bricks are covered on the groove, and ventilation and drainage are carried out. The two sides of the fermentation shed 10 are provided with vent pipes, and the vent grooves in the fermentation shed 10 are connected.

As further optimization and improvement, for more conveniently carry out moisture monitoring to the bedding and padding, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fermentation shed 10 includes moisture management mechanism 11, moisture management mechanism 11 sets up on fermentation shed 10 lateral wall, and is concrete, moisture management mechanism 11 includes catch basin 111 and observation pipe 112, catch basin 111 is seted up in fermentation shed 10 upper end for accomodate the vapor that the seal membrane fell down on the fermentation shed 10, avoid the water droplet to fall down and make the bedding and padding produce anaerobic reaction, influence the fermentation effect. The observation pipe 112 is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank 111, and water drops received by the water storage tank 111 flow into the observation pipe 112, so that the water level in the fermentation shed 10 can be conveniently monitored by workers by observing the water level height in the observation pipe 112.

Meanwhile, in order to facilitate the height of the water level of the worker inside and outside the fermentation shed 10 in the observation pipe 112, the side wall of the fermentation shed 10 is provided with a plurality of placing grooves 12, the observation pipe 112 is arranged in the placing grooves 12, and the two sides of the side wall of the fermentation shed 10 perpendicular to the observation pipe 112 are exposed outside the side wall, so that the worker can observe the water level of the liquid inside the fermentation shed 10 or outside the fermentation shed through the exposed observation pipe 112.

Further, for more convenient comparative observation, as shown in fig. 5, the two exposed sides of the observation tube 112 are provided with graduation marks 20. Therefore, the water level can be accurately known through the water level scales.

As a further optimization improvement, the moisture content of the bedding material in the fermentation shed 10 is analyzed for more accurate side analysis by the water vapor falling through the sealing film. As shown in fig. 6, the bottom of the water storage tank 111 is inclined towards the observation pipe 112, so that water in the water storage tank 111 can completely flow to the observation pipe 112 due to the action of gravity, the water is prevented from being stored in the water storage tank 111 for a long time, and the water level change in the observation pipe 112 can directly reflect the drop amount of the sealing film falling. Therefore, the water content can be better monitored, and the integral aerobic fermentation effect of the bedding material is better.

As a further optimization and improvement, the bottom of the observation tube 112 is provided with a water discharging device 30, and the water discharging device 30 is used for discharging water received inside the observation tube 112, so that the water is prevented from being stored in the observation tube 112 for a long time, and a worker can know the approximate moisture content of the padding only by observing the change of the water level in unit time.

Further, tap is selected for use to water discharging device 30 this embodiment to, in order to make things convenient for the inside and outside drainage of observation pipe 112, the inside and outside both sides of observation pipe 112 bottom fermentation canopy 10 all are provided with water discharging device 30, thereby the staff can enough carry out the drainage in the fermentation canopy 10 outside, also can utilize inside water of observation pipe 112 to carry out the moisturizing to the bedding and padding at fermentation canopy 10 inside as required, improves the utilization ratio of water.

For the convenient bedding and padding moisture content condition in each region of monitoring fermentation canopy, catch basin 111 is a plurality of with observation pipe 112 quantity, and the one-to-one to each regional homoenergetic that divides at the fermentation canopy carries out independent water yield monitoring.

The utility model discloses fermentation shed 10 passes through catch basin 111 and observation pipe 112's cooperation, can accept the water droplet that falls on the seal membrane on the one hand, prevents to drip and produces anaerobic reaction on the bedding material of crouching, influences the fermentation effect, and on the other hand also can be through the water level variation in observation pipe 112, and the moisture content of bed bedding material is reflected to the side, and the surface carries out moisture management to it, makes the whole aerobic fermentation effect of bed bedding material better. In addition, the observation pipe 112 can avoid the defects that the water storage amount of the water storage tank 111 is too much and the water cannot be discharged well.

The points to be finally explained are: first, in the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connecting," and "connecting" should be understood broadly, and may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or a communication between two elements, and may be directly connected, and "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationships may be changed;

secondly, the method comprises the following steps: in the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are referred to, and other structures can refer to common designs, and under the condition of no conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other;

and finally: the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a production device of bed bedding, includes fermentation canopy (10) and sets up moisture management mechanism (11) on its lateral wall, its characterized in that: the moisture management mechanism (11) includes:

the water storage tank (111) is arranged at the upper end of the fermentation shed (10);

an observation pipe (112) which is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank (111);

the water drops received by the water storage tank (111) flow into the observation pipe (112) to form a water level line for monitoring the moisture content of the bedding.

2. The apparatus for producing a bed rest pad according to claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the fermentation shed (10) is provided with a plurality of placing grooves (12), the observation pipe (112) is arranged in the placing grooves (12), and two sides of the observation pipe (112) perpendicular to the side wall of the fermentation shed (10) are exposed outside the side wall.

3. The apparatus for producing a bed rest pad according to claim 1, wherein: the two sides of the observation tube (112) exposed outside are provided with scale marks (20).

4. The apparatus for producing a bed rest pad according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the water storage tank (111) is obliquely arranged towards the observation pipe (112).

5. The apparatus for producing a bed rest pad according to claim 1, wherein: and water discharging devices (30) are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the fermentation shed (10) at the bottom of the observation pipe (112).

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