CN111758461A

CN111758461A - Multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology

Info

Publication number: CN111758461A
Application number: CN202010829416.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘文华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-08-18
Filing date: 2020-08-18
Publication date: 2020-10-13

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology, wherein fruit trees are planted in a greenhouse in the north-south direction, the fruit trees are planted on the ground through a root control device, each row is staggered up and down, a guide rail parallel to the fruit tree planting rows is arranged in the middle of each row, a movable platform is slidably mounted on the guide rail and can be controlled and driven to move on the guide rail, a fish pond is arranged below the guide rail, an arched shed is erected at each row of fruit trees, a shading film covers the arched shed, a through hole is formed in the shading film, a fruit tree trunk can penetrate through the through hole, a ridge soil area is filled in the arched shed, the ridge soil area is a soil layer for earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation, and a spray head is erected on the arched shed and can be used for watering the ridge soil area. The invention solves the problems of low utilization rate of planting space and low planting economic benefit of the existing greenhouse.

Description

Multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse planting, in particular to a multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology.

Background

With the higher living standard of people, people are more willing to buy natural and healthy vegetables and fruits, in order to meet the requirements of the public in various seasons, fresh vegetables and fruits can be eaten in various seasons, and the greenhouse is one of the ways for solving the problem that the vegetables and fruits in non-current seasons can not grow in the current seasons. However, in the common greenhouse, a semicircular greenhouse is simply built on the ground, vegetables and fruits grow on the ground, and the space above the greenhouse is not utilized. Because the plants need to meet the illumination, once the greenhouse is overlapped, the illumination of the plants cannot be met, but the greenhouse is not overlapped, so that the waste of space resources above the greenhouse is caused. For the national development of the requirement of scientific development and three-dimensional circulation agricultural development, the technical innovation is the inevitable requirement of agricultural modernization.

And the conventional greenhouse planting is that one greenhouse uniformly plants one kind of vegetables, because different vegetables and fruits are different in illumination, soil nutrient, temperature, air humidity and soil moisture, the vegetables and the fruits are difficult to plant together, when some rare fruit trees are planted, the period for the growth of the fruit trees from the small trees to the harvestable fruit trees is too long, the fruit trees cannot obtain any harvest in the period, the utilization rate of the greenhouse soil is low, and the economic benefit is not enough.

At the present stage, single fungus planting has specific requirements on illumination, soil temperature and air humidity, so that the fungus cannot be interplanted with other crops, and the output cost is high.

The air strawberries are popular with people, because the planting is separated from the land, the plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, and the pesticide residue is reduced, but the facility investment is high, and the strawberries are only used in one season in one year, so that the strawberries are difficult to popularize in a large area;

the single fish-vegetable symbiotic mode has low land utilization rate of vegetables and mainly depends on fish culture due to the high cost of facilities and the matching area ratio of fish to vegetables of 1: 5.

There is a need for a new greenhouse planting technology that can combine high-efficiency diversified planting and cultivation, and can solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology, and solves the problems of low utilization rate of planting space and low planting economic benefit of the existing greenhouse by carrying out technical transformation on the existing greenhouse planting technology.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme: a multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology is characterized in that fruit trees are planted in a greenhouse and planted on the ground through a root control device, the row spacing of the fruit trees is 2-3 meters, the row spacing is 2-3 meters, each row is arranged on a row in a staggered mode, a guide rail parallel to a row of fruit tree planting is arranged in the middle of each row, a movable platform is slidably mounted on the guide rail and can be driven to move on the guide rail in a controlled mode, a fish pond is arranged below the guide rail, an arch shed is erected at each row of fruit trees, a shading film covers the arch shed, the inner layer of the shading film is a shading layer, a through hole is formed in the shading film, fruit tree trunks can penetrate through the through hole, a ridge soil area is filled in the arch shed, the ridge soil area is an earthworm breeding and fungus planting rotation soil layer, a sprayer is erected on the arch shed, the nozzle can water the ridge soil area.

Preferably, an intermediate layer plate is further erected between the root control devices of two adjacent fruit trees in the arched shed, a second layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer is filled on the intermediate layer plate, an upper layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer is filled on the upper portion of the root control devices, the spray heads are divided into upper spray heads and lower spray heads, the upper spray heads are arranged in a row and arranged on a support rod at the top end of the arched shed, the upper spray heads are used for watering the upper layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer and the second layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer, the lower spray heads are arranged on the bottom surface of the intermediate layer plate, and the lower spray heads are used for watering the earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer in the ridged soil area.

Preferably, a supporting plate surface is erected above the root control device of the fruit tree and between the fruit tree trunks, a plurality of planting bags for planting vine fruits are placed on the supporting plate surface, wormcast is filled in the planting bags to serve as nutrient matrix soil, the upper ends of the planting bags are fixedly connected with the greenhouse support through hanging ropes, and drip irrigation is arranged above the planting bags for watering.

Preferably, a ground temperature heating pipe is further arranged below the soil layer between the adjacent guide rails in a rotating mode.

Preferably, be provided with the strawberry cultivation groove between the crown top of fruit tree and the big-arch shelter crossbeam, the groove intussuseption is planted to the strawberry is filled with earthworm cast as nutrient substrate soil, the electric control system fixed connection that the groove set up through lifting rope and crossbeam top is planted to the strawberry, electric control system can control the strawberry and plant about the groove or remove, just the strawberry is planted the groove and is on a parallel with orbital movable platform direction of motion and places, still be provided with the elevating platform on the orbital movable platform.

Preferably, each is provided with a plurality of strawberry cultivation grooves that set up at even interval in the horizontal direction above the fruit tree, just the strawberry cultivation groove sets up in the vertical direction.

Preferably, the bottom surface in groove is planted to the strawberry is the arc curved surface, just the bottom surface in groove is planted to the strawberry still covers and is provided with one deck reflective membrane.

Preferably, the wall of the fishpond is made of cement pouring or waterproof cloth.

Preferably, the outer surface layer of the shading film of the arched shed is a reflective film.

Preferably, the gate entrance of big-arch shelter is provided with the passageway, the passageway both sides are provided with the vegetable planting groove, the vegetable planting groove passes through pipeline and fishpond intercommunication, is provided with the workspace of prepareeing material between vegetable planting groove and the sliding guide.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the fruit trees are planted on the ground through the root control device, an arched shed is further erected at each row of fruit trees, a shading film covers the arched shed, a ridge soil area is filled in the arched shed, an earthworm cultivation and fungus cultivation rotation soil layer is arranged in the ridge soil area, a non-light area is arranged in the arched shed, an earthworm cultivation and fungus cultivation rotation soil layer is arranged at the bottom layer and used for cultivating earthworms, fertile soil, fungi and fungus crops such as morchella esculenta, the rotation soil layer can be used for cultivating the earthworms and the fungi at the same time, the space utilization rate is high, and resources are saved.

2) According to the invention, the supporting plate surface is also erected above the root control device and between the fruit tree trunks, a plurality of planting bags for planting the fruits such as vines are placed on the supporting plate surface, and the planting bags are filled with wormcast generated by breeding earthworms below, so that the fertilizer is applied to crops in a reasonable utilization mode, the effect is good, the cost is low, the cyclic utilization is realized, and the environment is protected and the energy is saved.

3) The strawberry planting grooves are formed between the tops of the tree crowns of the fruit trees and the beams of the greenhouse, strawberries can be harvested by utilizing the space above the greenhouse, the strawberry planting grooves are arranged in a fluctuating manner in the vertical direction, when the strawberry planting grooves are arranged at the same height in the vertical direction, the strawberry planting grooves can be used for shading sunlight in hot summer to cool the interior of the greenhouse, a shading net is omitted, facility cost is reduced, sunlight is injected between adjacent strawberry planting grooves, the bottom surfaces of the strawberry planting grooves are covered with the reflective films, the light transmittance of the lower layer is improved by utilizing the light reflection and refraction effects of the reflective films, the illumination of plants below cannot be influenced, and the space utilization rate is higher.

4) According to the invention, the ground temperature heating pipes are spirally arranged below the soil layer between the adjacent guide rails, the ground temperature heating pipes can ensure the soil temperature in the small arched shed in cold northern winter, the planting requirement of fungi is ensured, the shading film on the small arched shed can be removed to heat the whole greenhouse, the local and whole heating control in the greenhouse is realized, after fungi are collected, the air temperature is raised, the earthworms can be used as animal protein feed for the fishes to improve the quality of the fishes, and the cultivation cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a greenhouse according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the rail and fruit tree of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the root control device, arched shed, and support deck of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the laying of the low-temperature heating pipe of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure between two adjacent fruit trees in a row according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of soil layers in a bedding soil region according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a strawberry cultivation trough arrangement according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fishpond of the invention;

description of reference numerals: the greenhouse comprises a greenhouse 1, fruit trees 2, guide rails 3, a movable platform 4, a lifting platform 41, a root control device 5, an upper earthworm cultivation and fungus cultivation rotation soil layer 51, an arched greenhouse 6, a top end support rod 61, a shading film 7, through holes 71, a ridge soil area 8, an earthworm cultivation and fungus cultivation rotation soil layer 81, a spray head 9, an upper spray head 91, a lower spray head 92, a middle layer plate 10, a second earthworm cultivation and fungus cultivation rotation soil layer 101, a support plate surface 11, a beauty planting bag 12, a ground temperature heating pipe 13, a strawberry planting groove 14, a fish pond 15, a reflective film 16, a vegetable planting groove 17, a material preparation working area 18, a cement plane 19 and a passageway 20.

Detailed Description

The details of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1-8, this embodiment provides a multilayer energy-saving and environment-friendly cyclic agricultural greenhouse planting technology, which is a multilayer energy-saving and environment-friendly cyclic agricultural greenhouse 1 planting technology, a fruit tree 2 is planted in a greenhouse 1, the fruit tree 2 is planted on the ground through a root controller 5, the row spacing of the fruit tree 2 is 2-3 meters, the row spacing is 2-3 meters, each row is staggered from top to bottom, a guide rail 3 parallel to the planting row of the fruit tree 2 is arranged in the middle of each row, a movable platform 4 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 3, the movable platform 4 can be controlled and driven to move on the guide rail 3, a fish pond 15 is arranged below the guide rail 3, an arched shed 6 is further erected at each row of fruit trees 2, a shading film 7 covers the arched shed 6, the inner layer of the shading film 7 is a shading layer, the shading film 7 is provided with through

holes

71, 2 trunks of fruit tree can be followed through-hole 71 passes, fill high in the arched shed 6 and have rectangular pieces of land in a field soil region 8, rectangular pieces of land in a field soil region 8 is earthworm cultivation and fungus kind planting rotation soil layer 81, still erect shower nozzle 9 on the arched shed 6, shower nozzle 9 can be right rectangular pieces of land in a field soil region 8 waters. The root controller 5 is a phi 80 root controller 5, the height of the root controller 5 is 60 centimeters, the thickness of the earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer 81 is 20 centimeters, the number of the fruit trees 2 is 9, and each row has 20 plants and 8 guide rails 3.

Further, a middle layer plate 10 is further erected between the root control devices 5 of two adjacent fruit trees 2 in the arched shed 6, a second layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer 101 is filled on the middle layer plate 10, an upper layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer 51 is further filled on the upper portion of the root control devices 5, the spray heads 9 are divided into upper spray heads 91 and lower spray heads 92, the upper spray heads 91 are arranged in a row on the support rod 61 at the top end of the arched shed 6, the upper spray heads 91 are used for watering the upper layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer 51 and the second layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer 101, the lower spray heads 92 are installed on the bottom surface of the middle layer plate 10, and the lower spray heads 92 are used for watering the earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer 81 of the ridge soil area 8. The thickness of the upper layer earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer 51 above the root control device 5 is 10 centimeters.

Furthermore, a supporting plate surface 11 is erected above the root control device 5 of the fruit tree 2 and between the trunks of the fruit tree 2, a plurality of planting bags 12 for planting vine fruits are placed on the supporting plate surface 11, wormcast is filled in the planting bags 12 and serves as nutrient matrix soil, the upper end of the planting bags 12 is fixedly connected with the support of the greenhouse 1 through hanging ropes, and drip irrigation is arranged above the planting bags 12 for watering.

Further, in order to heat the soil layer temperature in winter, a ground temperature heating pipe 13 is further arranged below the soil layer between the adjacent guide rails 3 in a rotating mode. The ground temperature heating pipe 13 can guarantee the soil temperature in chilly northern winter, guarantees the planting demand of plant. The rotary pipe is increased in effective area.

Further, in order to obtain better space utilization, be provided with strawberry planting groove 14 between fruit tree 2's crown top and 1 crossbeam of big-arch shelter, the internal filling of strawberry planting groove 14 is filled with earthworm cast as nutrient substrate soil, the electric control system fixed connection that groove 14 set up through lifting rope and crossbeam top is planted to the strawberry, electric control system can control the strawberry and plant the groove 14 about or remove to make things convenient for the production operation management, just the groove 14 is planted to the strawberry is placed in the 4 directions of motion of movable platform on the track of being parallel to, for the convenience of plucking fruit tree 2 and strawberry, still be provided with elevating platform 41 on the movable platform 4 on the track.

Further, each row of fruit trees 2 is provided with three strawberry cultivation grooves 14 which are uniformly arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the strawberry cultivation grooves 14 are arranged in a fluctuating manner in the vertical direction so as to improve the transmittance of the lower layer of the strawberry cultivation grooves 14.

Further, in order to enable the fruit tree 2 to obtain a better illumination effect, the bottom surface of the strawberry planting groove 14 is an arc-shaped curved surface, and a layer of reflective film 16 is further covered and arranged on the bottom surface of the strawberry planting groove 14. The illumination of the plant below cannot be influenced, and the space utilization rate is higher.

Further, the depth of the fishpond 15 is 1 meter, the width of the fishpond is 0.8 meter, and the wall of the fishpond 15 is made of cement pouring or waterproof cloth. A cement plane 19 with the width of 30 centimeters is arranged above the fishpond 15 at intervals of 1 meter, and the guide rail 3 is vertically erected on the cement plane 19.

Furthermore, in order to make the fruits of the plants receive better illumination effect, the outer surface layer of the shading film 7 of the arched shed 6 is a reflective film 16. The reflective film 16 can supplement illumination to the lower part of the fruit tree.

Further, the gate entrance of the greenhouse 1 is provided with a passageway 20, vegetable planting grooves 17 are arranged on two sides of the passageway 20, the vegetable planting grooves are communicated with the fishpond 15 through pipelines, and a material preparation working area 18 is arranged between the vegetable planting grooves 17 and the sliding guide rail 3. The fish-vegetable symbiotic system is also provided with a filtering facility, the water pumping motor and the inflating device form an internal circulation ecosystem, excrement pulled out after the fish eats food is converted into nutrient vegetable planting required by plants after nitrification, the zero emission of fish culture is really realized, the ecological planting and breeding without chemical fertilizer are combined, water changing is not needed, a large amount of water resources are saved, the position of the fishpond is built below the guide rail 3, the space in the shed cannot be occupied, and the land space utilization rate is greatly improved.

This embodiment fruit tree 2 is planted in ground through 5 roots of accuse root ware, and 2 departments of fruit tree that each was listed as still erect arched shed 6, arched shed 6 coats and is stamped shading film 77, fill high in arched shed 6 and have rectangular pieces of land in a field soil region 8, rectangular pieces of land in a field soil region 8 bottom is provided with earthworm cultivation and fungus class and plants rotation soil layer 81, is the no light region in the arched shed 6, and the bottom is provided with earthworm cultivation and fungus class and plants rotation soil layer 81 for breed earthworm and fertile soil and be used for cultivating fungus class crops such as morchella, and set up to two-layerly in the arched shed 6, still can cultivate one deck fungus class and plant the soil layer on the intermediate lamella 10, and accuse root ware 5 upper portion still fills high upper earthworm cultivation and fungus class is planted rotation soil layer 51, can diversified results fungus class. This embodiment is located 2 trunks of fruit tree and still erects support face 11 above accuse root ware 5, place a plurality of beautiful bags 12 of planting vine class fruit on the support face 11, beautiful bag 12 of planting is filled and is had the earthworm excrement that earthworm produced is bred to the below, and rational utilization fertilizes the crop, and is effectual, and with low costs, cyclic utilization, environmental protection and energy saving.

This embodiment is provided with strawberry planting groove 14 between 1 crossbeam of crown top of fruit tree 2 and big-arch shelter, can utilize 1 upper portion space of big-arch shelter, results the strawberry, just the strawberry is planted groove 14 and is set up in the vertical direction height fluctuation, and sunshine jets into from between the adjacent strawberry planting groove 14, and the bottom surface that the groove 14 was planted to the strawberry covers there is reflective membrane 16, utilizes reflective membrane 16's reflection and refraction effect, has improved the transmittance of lower floor, can not influence the illumination of below plant, and space utilization is higher.

This embodiment still sets up soon below the soil layer between adjacent guide rail 3 and is provided with ground temperature heating pipe 13, ground temperature heating pipe 13 can guarantee the soil temperature in little arched shed 6 in chilly northern winter, the planting requirement of fungus class has been guaranteed, also can tear shading film 7 on little arched shed 6 and heat up to the bulk heating in the big-arch shelter 1, local and bulk heating control in the canopy has been accomplished, the fungus class is gathered the back, can turn into to do after the gas temperature risees and breed the earthworm, the earthworm can improve the quality of fish as the animal protein fodder of fish, the cost of breeding is reduced.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

The standard parts used by the invention can be purchased from the market, the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the description of the attached drawings, and the concrete connection mode of each part adopts bolts and rivets mature in the prior art. The conventional means such as welding, machines, parts and equipment are of the conventional type in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, so that the details are not described.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or through an intermediary, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology is characterized in that fruit trees are planted in a greenhouse and planted on the ground through a root control device, the row spacing of the fruit trees is 2-3 meters, the row spacing is 2-3 meters, each row is staggered up and down, a guide rail parallel to the planting row of the fruit trees is arranged in the middle of each row, a movable platform is slidably mounted on the guide rail and can be controlled and driven to move on the guide rail, a fish pond is arranged below the guide rail, an arched shed is erected at each row of the fruit trees and is covered with a shading film, the inner layer of the shading film is a shading layer, a through hole is formed in the shading film, a tree trunk can penetrate through the through hole, a ridge soil area is filled in the arched shed, the ridge soil area is a soil layer formed by earthworm breeding and fungus planting wheels, a spray head is erected on the arched shed, the nozzle can water the ridge soil area.

2. The multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein a middle layer plate is further erected between root control devices of two adjacent fruit trees in the arched shed, a second layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer is filled on the middle layer plate, an upper layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer is further filled on the upper portion of the root control devices, the nozzles are divided into upper nozzles and lower nozzles, the upper nozzles are arranged in a row on a support rod at the top end of the arched shed, the upper nozzles are used for watering the upper layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer and the second layer of earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer, the lower nozzles are installed on the bottom surface of the middle layer plate, and the lower nozzles are used for watering the earthworm cultivation and fungus planting rotation soil layer in a ridge soil area.

3. The multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein a supporting plate is further erected above the root control device of the fruit tree and between the trunks of the fruit tree, a plurality of planting bags for planting vine fruits are placed on the supporting plate, wormcast is filled in the planting bags to serve as nutrient matrix soil, the upper ends of the planting bags are fixedly connected with the greenhouse supports through lifting ropes, and drip irrigation is arranged above the planting bags for watering.

4. The multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein ground temperature heating pipes are further spirally arranged below the soil layer between the adjacent guide rails.

5. The multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein a strawberry planting groove is arranged between the top of the crown of the fruit tree and the greenhouse beam, the strawberry planting groove is filled with wormcast as nutrient substrate soil, the strawberry planting groove is fixedly connected with an electric control system arranged above the beam through a lifting rope, the electric control system can control the strawberry planting groove to move up and down or left and right, the strawberry planting groove is arranged in parallel to the moving direction of the movable platform on the rail, and a lifting platform is further arranged on the movable platform on the rail.

6. The multi-level energy-saving and environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology as claimed in claim 5, wherein a plurality of strawberry planting troughs are uniformly spaced in the horizontal direction above each row of fruit trees, and the strawberry planting troughs are undulated in the vertical direction.

7. The multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein the bottom surface of the strawberry planting groove is an arc curved surface, and a layer of reflective film is covered and arranged on the bottom surface of the strawberry planting groove.

8. The multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wall of the fishpond is made of cement casting or waterproof cloth.

9. The multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer surface layer of the shading film of the arched greenhouse is a reflective film.

10. The multi-level energy-saving environment-friendly circulating agricultural greenhouse planting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein a passageway is arranged at the entrance of the gate of the greenhouse, vegetable planting grooves are arranged on two sides of the passageway and communicated with the fishpond through pipelines, and a material preparation working area is arranged between the vegetable planting grooves and the guide rails.