CN111741945B - 晶形 - Google Patents
晶形 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111741945B CN111741945B CN201980013098.5A CN201980013098A CN111741945B CN 111741945 B CN111741945 B CN 111741945B CN 201980013098 A CN201980013098 A CN 201980013098A CN 111741945 B CN111741945 B CN 111741945B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- nematodes
- species
- plants
- pyridine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- PNXJWEQRIVLWBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1C(F)(F)F PNXJWEQRIVLWBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有式(I)的N‑[2‑(2,4‑二氯苯基)环丁基]‑2‑(三氟甲基)吡啶‑3‑甲酰胺的晶形、包含所述晶形的组合物以及其用作杀线虫剂或杀真菌剂的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的晶形、包含所述晶形的组合物以及其用作杀线虫剂或杀真菌剂的方法。
背景技术
WO 2013/143811披露了用于制备化合物顺式-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的方法,所述化合物是N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺和N-[(1R,2R)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺两种对映异构体的外消旋体。顺式-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺例示于表57,实例57.011。
WO 2015/003951披露了用于制备对映异构体N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺(实例P5)的方法。此化合物被披露为针对多种线虫有活性的杀线虫剂。
包含顺式-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺或其对映异构体N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的农用化学组合物已经在WO 2013/143811和WO 2015/003951二者中一般地进行了披露。然而,某些类型的配制品的应用取决于用于制备所述配制品的特定形式,即,多晶型或无定形的形式。例如,如果用于制备悬浮液浓缩物(SC)的形式在此种SC配制品中不稳定,则在所述配制品中可能发生多晶型转化,导致不想要的晶体生长。此种晶体生长可能是不利的,因为它可能导致所述配制品的增稠和潜在地凝固(其可能进而导致施用设备(例如农业施用机械中的喷雾嘴)的堵塞)。因此,需要提供上述化合物的稳定晶形以制备其农业或药物配制品。
具体实施方式
在本发明的上下文中,多晶型物是化合物的特定的晶形,所述化合物在固态下能以多于一种晶形存在。化合物的晶形包括按有序重复模式(在所有三个空间维度中延伸)排列的构成分子(相比之下,无定形固体形式在分子的位置上不具有长程有序)。化合物的不同多晶型物在它们的晶体结构上具有不同的原子和或分子排列。当所述化合物是生物活性化合物如杀线虫剂时,在晶体结构上的差异可能导致具有不同化学、物理和生物学特性的不同多晶型物。可能被影响的特性包括晶体形态、密度、硬度、颜色、化学稳定性、熔融峰、吸水性、悬浮率、溶解速率和生物有效性。这样,特定的多晶型物可具有使它在具体使用中相对于同一种化合物的另一种多晶型物而言更有利的特性:具体地,以上列出的物理、化学和生物学特性可以对植物处理剂(如杀线虫剂)的生产方法和配制品的开发、化合物可以在配制品中与其他活性成分和配制品组分相组合的容易性、以及品质和效力具有显著影响。应指出,不可能预测化合物的固态是否可以作为多于一种多晶型物存在,并且也不可能预测这些晶形中任一个的特性。
本文披露了N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的四种多晶型形式(形式A、B、C和D)。WO 2015/003951(实例P5)中已经披露了用于制备形式A的方法。WO 2013/143811(表57,实例57.011)中已经披露了用于制备形式D的方法。
通常使用若干种技术来表征多晶型物。例如,经常使用粉末X射线衍射(pXRD)技术,可以使用的其他技术包括差示扫描量热法(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)和拉曼光谱法或红外光谱法、核磁共振(NMR)、气相色谱法、HPLC并且特别是单晶X射线衍射。
因此,在第一方面,本发明提供了一种具有式(I)的N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的晶形(形式B)
其特征在于在21℃-26℃的温度下包含选自以下项的组的四个或更多个2-θ角度值的X射线粉末衍射图:6.1±0.2、11.2±0.2、14.0±0.2、16.7±0.2、17.2±0.2、18.5±0.2、20.8±0.2、21.3±0.2、22.3±0.2、23.6±0.2、23.9±0.2以及24.5±0.2。
在所述第一方面的一个实施例中,所述晶形(形式B)的特征在于在21℃-26℃的温度下包含选自以下项的组的六个或更多个2-θ角度值的粉末X射线衍射图:6.1±0.2、11.2±0.2、14.0±0.2、16.7±0.2、17.2±0.2、18.5±0.2、20.8±0.2、21.3±0.2、22.3±0.2、23.6±0.2、23.9±0.2以及24.5±0.2。
在所述第一方面的一个实施例中,所述晶形(形式B)的特征在于在21℃-26℃的温度下包含选自以下项的组的2-θ角度值的粉末X射线衍射图:6.1±0.2、11.2±0.2、14.0±0.2、16.7±0.2、17.2±0.2、18.5±0.2、20.8±0.2、21.3±0.2、22.3±0.2、23.6±0.2、23.9±0.2以及24.5±0.2。
在所述第一方面的另一个实施例中,在21℃-26℃的温度下,所述晶形(形式B)具有与图5中示出的X射线粉末衍射光谱基本相同的X射线粉末衍射图。
在所述第一方面的另一个实施例中,所述晶形(形式B)的特征还在于以下晶胞参数:
α=90°±0.01°、β=105.03±0.01°、γ=90°±0.01°、Z=4。
形式B表示对映异构体(1S,2S)N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的一水合物多晶型物。
在所述第一方面的又另一个实施例中,所述晶形(形式B)的熔融峰是在约65℃下在DSC迹线中的宽水吸热(图6)。
在第二方面,本发明描述了一种具有式(I)的N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的晶形(形式C)
其特征在于在21℃-26℃的温度下包含选自以下项的组的四个或更多个2-θ角度值的粉末X射线衍射图:10.8±0.2、14.5±0.2、17.5±0.2、19.0±0.2、23.5±0.2、24.5±0.2、26.0±0.2、30.2±0.2、32.6±0.2、33.3±0.2、34.1±0.2以及35.5±0.2。
在所述第二方面的一个实施例中,所述晶形(形式C)的特征在于在21℃-26℃的温度下的X-10.8±0.2、14.5±0.2、17.5±0.2、19.0±0.2、23.5±0.2、24.5±0.2、26.0±0.2、30.2±0.2、32.6±0.2、33.3±0.2、34.1±0.2以及35.5±0.2。
在所述第二方面的一个实施例中,所述晶形(形式C)的特征在于在21℃-26℃的温度下包含选自以下项的组的2-θ角度值的X射线粉末衍射图:10.8±0.2、14.5±0.2、17.5±0.2、19.0±0.2、23.5±0.2、24.5±0.2、26.0±0.2、30.2±0.2、32.6±0.2、33.3±0.2、34.1±0.2以及35.5±0.2。
在所述第二方面的另一个实施例中,在21℃-26℃的温度下,X射线粉末衍射图的晶形(形式C)与图8中示出的X射线粉末衍射光谱基本相同。
在所述第二方面的又另一个实施例中,所述晶形(形式C)的熔融峰是在约85℃下在DSC迹线中的宽水吸热。
在所述第二方面的另一个实施例中,所述晶形(形式C)的特征还在于以下晶胞参数:
α=75.53°±0.01°、β=87.03±0.01°、γ=71.48°±0.01°、Z=2。
本发明的多晶型物可以按未改变的形式施用,但更优选地是通过常规手段掺入到农用化学或药物组合物中、特别是农用化学组合物中施用。因此,在第三方面,提供了一种农用化学或药物组合物,其包含根据第一方面(形式B)或第一方面的任一个实施例的晶形、以及至少一种农用化学和/或药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂。在第四方面,提供了一种农用化学或药物组合物,其包含根据第二方面(形式C)或第二方面的任一个实施例的晶形、以及至少一种农用化学和/或药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂。
如前所提及,对于农用化学和/或药物配制品的成功施用至关重要的是,晶形在特定的配制品环境中是稳定的。对于形式A和形式B二者制备了用于种子处理(FS)配制品的可流动浓缩物。两种配制品之间的唯一区别是使用的多晶型形式,所有其他组分均相同。根据温度循环测试对配制品的关键稳定性进行了测试,其示于图12中。在显微镜(40x)下分析配制品的可能晶体生长,其可能具有不利的后果,如配制品的增稠和潜在地凝固(其进而可能导致施用设备(例如种子包衣设备或农业施用机械中的喷雾嘴)的堵塞。在(i)开始(图13a和14a)、(ii)在温度循环测试后立即(图13b和14b)和(iii)在温度循环测试后在室温(RT)下两天(图13c和14c)对配制品进行拍照。在图13a、13b和13c中示出了包含形式A的配制品的照片,并且在图14a、14b和14c中示出了包含形式B的配制品的照片。可以在图13a和14a中看到,在温度循环测试之前,两种配制品均未展现出任何晶体生长。图13b在温度循环测试后展现出清晰的晶体生长。将配制品在室温下再储存两天导致甚至进一步的晶体生长(图13c)。令人惊讶且出乎意料地,包含形式B的配制品的相同的温度循环测试没有示出此种晶体生长,参见图14b和14c。这是出乎意料的,因为两种多晶型形式在测试的配制品中均示出是化学稳定的,即,未观察到化合物降解。然而,发现形式B当暴露于典型的储存条件时令人惊讶地抗晶体生长。因此,包含晶形B的农用化学或药物组合物是优选的。
包含多晶型形式B或C的农用化学组合物具有非常有利的用于保护动物和有用植物抵抗线虫的攻击和损害、特别是保护有用植物抵抗线虫的攻击和损害的活性谱。
包含多晶型形式B或C的农用化学组合物具有非常有利的用于保护动物和有用植物抵抗真菌的攻击和损害、特别是保护有用植物抵抗真菌的攻击和损害的活性谱。
包含多晶型形式B或C的农用化学组合物可以用于控制或毁灭出现在特别是植物上,尤其是在农业、园艺和森林中的有用植物和观赏植物上,或在此类植物的器官如果实、花、叶、茎、块茎、种子或根上的有害生物,并且在某些情况下,甚至在较晚的时间点形成的植物器官上仍然针对这些有害生物的保护。本发明的农用化学组合物在有害生物控制领域中是有预防和/或治疗价值的活性成分,即使在低的施用率下,其可以被用于抵抗具有杀有害生物剂抗性的有害生物(如昆虫和真菌),并且具有非常有利的杀生物谱并且是温血物种、鱼和植物良好耐受的。
以上提及的线虫有害生物的实例是:
内寄生的-、半内寄生的-和外寄生的线虫,尤其是以下植物寄生线虫,如根结线虫(root knot nematode)、北方根结线虫(Meloidogyne hapla)、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyneincognita)、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)、花生根结线虫(Meloidogynearenaria)以及其他根结线虫物种;孢囊形成线虫(cyst-forming nematodes)、马铃薯金线虫(Globodera rostochiensis)以及其他球孢囊线虫属(Globodera)物种;禾谷孢囊线虫(Heterodera avenae)、大豆孢囊线虫(Heterodera glycines)、甜菜孢囊线虫(Heteroderaschachtii)、红三叶异皮线虫(Heterodera trifolii)、以及其他异皮线虫属(Heterodera)物种;种瘿线虫(Seed gall nematodes)、粒线虫属(Anguina)物种;茎及叶面线虫(Stemand foliar nematodes)、滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchoides)物种;刺毛线虫(Stingnematode)、长尾刺线虫(Eelonolaimus longicaudatus)以及其他刺线虫属(Belonolaimus)物种;松树线虫(Pine nematodes)、松材线虫(Bursaphelenchusxylophilus)以及其他伞滑刃属(Bursaphelenchus)物种;环形线虫(Ring nematodes)、环线虫属(Criconema)物种、小环线虫属(Criconemella)物种、轮线虫属(Criconemoides)物种、中环线虫属(Mesocriconema)物种;茎及鳞球茎线虫(Stem and bulb nematodes)、腐烂茎线虫(Ditylenchus destructor)、鳞球茎茎线虫(Ditylenchus dipsaci)以及其他茎线虫属(Ditylenchus)物种;维线虫(Awl nematodes)、锥线虫属(Dolichodorus)物种;螺旋线虫(Spiral nematodes)、多头螺旋线虫(Heliocotylenchus multicinctus)以及其他螺旋线虫属(Helicotylenchus)物种;鞘及鞘形线虫(Sheath and sheathoid nematodes)、鞘线虫属(Hemicycliophora)物种以及半轮线虫属(Hemicriconemoides)物种;潜根线虫属(Hirshmanniella)物种;支线虫(Lance nematodes)、冠线虫属(Hoploaimus)物种;假根结线虫(false rootknot nematodes)、珍珠线虫属(Nacobbus)物种;针状线虫(Needlenematodes)、横带长针线虫(Longidorus elongatus)以及其他长针线虫属(Longidorus)物种;大头针线虫(Pin nematodes)、短体线虫属(Pratylenchus)物种;腐线虫(Lesionnematodes)、花斑短体线虫(Pratylenchus neglectus)、穿刺短体线虫(Pratylenchuspenetrans)、弯曲短体线虫(Pratylenchus curvitatus)、古氏短体线虫(Pratylenchusgoodeyi)以及其他短体线虫属物种;柑桔穿孔线虫(Burrowing nematodes)、香蕉穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis)以及其他内侵线虫属(Radopholus)物种;肾状线虫(Reniformnematodes)、罗柏氏盘旋线虫(Rotylenchus robustus)、肾形盘旋线虫(Rotylenchusreniformis)以及其他盘旋线虫属(Rotylenchus)物种;盾线虫属(Scutellonema)物种;短粗根线虫(Stubby root nematodes)、原始毛刺线虫(Trichodorus primitivus)以及其他毛刺线虫属(Trichodorus)物种、拟毛刺线虫属(Paratrichodorus)物种;矮化线虫(Stuntnematodes)、马齿苋矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus claytoni)、顺逆矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus dubius)以及其他矮化线虫属(Tylenchorhynchus)物种;柑桔线虫(Citrus nematodes)、穿刺线虫(Tylenchulus)物种;短剑线虫(Dagger nematodes)、剑线虫属(Xiphinema)物种;以及其他植物寄生线虫物种,如亚粒线虫属物种(Subanguinaspp.)、根结线虫属物种(Hypsoperine spp.)、大刺环线虫属物种(Macroposthonia spp.)、矮化线虫属物种(Melinius spp.)、刻点胞囊属物种(Punctodera spp.)、以及五沟线虫属物种(Quinisulcius spp.)。
以上提及的真菌的实例是:
半知菌纲(例如,葡萄孢属、梨孢属、长蠕孢属、镰孢霉属、壳针孢属、尾孢属以及链格孢属);担子菌纲(例如,丝核菌属、驼孢锈菌属、柄锈菌属);子囊菌纲类(例如黑星菌属以及白粉菌属、叉丝单囊壳属、链核盘菌属、钩丝壳属);卵菌纲类(例如,疫霉属、腐霉属、单轴霉属);接合菌类(例如,根霉属物种);层锈菌科,特别是层锈菌属的那些,例如豆薯层锈菌,它还被称为亚洲大豆锈菌病,以及柄锈菌科的那些,特别是柄锈菌属的那些,例如禾柄锈菌,也称为茎锈病或黑锈病,它是谷类植物中的问题疾病,以及隐匿柄锈菌,也称为褐锈病。
这些植物以及通过根据本发明的方法保护的这些植物的可能的疾病之中,可以提及:
-小麦,对于控制以下种子疾病:镰刀菌(雪霉叶枯菌以及粉红镰孢菌)、黑腥穗病(小麦网腥黑穗病菌、小麦矮腥黑穗病菌或小麦印度腥黑穗病菌)、壳针孢属疾病(颖枯壳针孢)以及散黑粉菌;
-小麦,对于控制植物地上部分的以下疾病:谷类眼斑病(Tapesia yallundae、Tapesia acuiformis)、全蚀病(燕麦全蚀病菌)、根枯病(黄色镰刀菌(F.culmorum)、禾谷镰刀菌(F.graminearum))、黑斑病(禾谷丝核菌)、白粉病(Erysiphe graminis forma specietritici)、锈病(条形柄锈菌以及隐匿柄锈菌)以及壳针孢属疾病(小麦壳针孢以及颖枯壳针孢);
-小麦以及大麦,对于控制细菌以及病毒疾病,例如大麦黄色花叶病;-大麦,对于控制以下种子疾病:网斑病(麦类核腔菌、圆核腔菌以及禾旋孢腔菌)、散黑粉菌(散黑穗病)以及镰刀菌(雪霉叶枯菌以及粉红镰孢菌);
-大麦,对于控制植物地上部分的以下疾病:谷类眼斑病(Tapesia yallundae)、网斑病(圆核腔菌以及禾旋孢腔菌)、白粉病(Erysiphe graminis forma specie hordei)、矮叶锈病(大麦柄锈菌)以及叶斑病(大麦云纹病菌);
-马铃薯,对于控制块茎疾病(特别是马铃薯银屑病菌、茎点霉结节病(Phomatuberosa)、茄丝核菌、茄病镰刀菌)、霉病(致病疫霉菌)以及某些病毒(病毒Y);
-马铃薯,对于控制以下的叶面疾病:早枯病(茄链格孢菌),霉病(致病疫霉菌);
-棉花,对于控制生长自种子的幼嫩植物的以下疾病:猝倒病以及疫腐病(茄丝核菌、尖孢镰刀菌)以及黑色根腐病(根串珠霉);
-出产蛋白的植物,例如豌豆,对于控制以下种子疾病:炭疽病(豌豆褐斑病菌、豌豆球腔菌)、镰刀菌(尖孢镰刀菌)、灰霉病(灰葡萄孢菌)以及霉病(豌豆霜霉菌);
-含油植物,例如油菜,用于控制以下种子疾病:甘蓝茎点霉、芸苔生链格孢菌以及核盘菌;
-玉米,对于控制多种种子疾病:(根霉属物种、青霉属物种、木霉属物种、曲霉属物种以及藤仓赤霉);
-亚麻,对于控制种子疾病:亚麻生链格孢(Alternaria linicola);
-森林树木,对于控制猝倒病(尖孢镰刀菌、茄丝核菌);
-水稻,用于控制地上部分的以下疾病:瘟病(稻瘟病)、叶鞘缘的斑病(borderedsheath spot)(茄丝核菌);
-豆科植物,对于控制种子或生长自种子的幼嫩植物的以下疾病:猝倒病以及疫腐病(尖孢镰刀菌、粉红镰孢菌、茄丝核菌、腐霉菌属);
-豆科植物,对于控制地上部分的以下疾病:灰霉病(葡萄孢属)、白粉病(特别是菊科白粉菌、瓜白粉病菌以及甜椒白粉病菌)、镰孢霉属(尖孢镰刀菌、粉红镰孢菌)、叶斑病(分支孢子菌属)、支链孢叶斑病(支链孢属)、炭疽病(炭疽菌属)、壳针孢叶斑病(壳针孢属)、黑斑病(茄丝核菌)、霉病(例如莴苣霜霉病菌、霜霉属、假霜霉属、疫霉属);
-果树,对于控制地上部分的疾病:念珠菌疾病(果镰刀念珠菌(Moniliafructigenae,M.laxa))、疮痂病(苹果黑星病菌)、白粉病(白叉丝单囊壳);-藤本植物,对于控制以下叶面疾病:特别是灰霉病(灰葡萄孢菌)、白粉病(葡萄钩丝壳)、黑腐病(葡萄炭疽病(Guignardia biwelli))以及霉病(葡萄生单轴霉);
-甜菜根,对于地上部分的以下疾病:枯萎尾孢菌(cercospora blight)(甜菜褐斑病菌)、白粉病(甜菜白粉病菌(Erysiphe beticola))、叶斑病(甜菜叶斑病菌)。
因此,在第五方面,提供了一种保护有用植物的作物抵抗由线虫或真菌引起的损害的方法,所述方法包括用根据第三或第四方面或第三或第四方面的任何实施例的组合物处理所述植物或其场所、特别是用根据第三方面或第三方面的任何实施例的组合物处理所述植物或其场所。
在第六方面,提供了一种保护植物繁殖材料抵抗由线虫或真菌引起的损害的方法,所述方法包括用根据第三或第四方面或第三或第四方面的任何实施例的组合物处理所述植物繁殖材料、特别是用根据第三方面或第三方面的任何实施例的组合物处理所述植物繁殖材料。
在第七方面,提供了一种控制和预防温血动物中的内寄生和外寄生的线虫侵染和感染的方法,所述方法包括注射、局部施用或口服施用根据第三或第四方面或第三或第四方面的任何实施例的组合物、特别是根据第三方面或第三方面的任何实施例的组合物。
此外,在第八方面,提供了一种根据第一和第二方面的晶形,其用于保护有用植物抵抗由线虫有害生物或真菌引起的损害。
术语“植物繁殖材料”意指所有种类的种子(果实、块茎、鳞茎、谷粒等)、插条、伐条等。
特别地,对于本发明的组合物,合适的目标植物是,谷物,如小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、稻、玉米或高梁;甜菜,如糖用甜菜或饲料甜菜;水果,例如梨果、核果或无核小果,如苹果、梨、李子、桃、杏、樱桃或浆果,例如草莓、覆盆子或黑莓;豆科植物,如菜豆、小扁豆、豌豆或大豆;油料植物,如油菜、芥菜、罂粟、橄榄、向日葵、椰子、蓖麻、可可豆或落花生;瓜类作物,如南瓜、黄瓜或甜瓜;纤维植物,如棉花、亚麻、大麻或黄麻;柑橘类水果,如橙子、柠檬、葡萄柚或橘子;蔬菜,如菠菜、莴苣、芦笋、卷心菜、胡萝卜、洋葱、番茄、马铃薯或灯笼椒;樟科,如鳄梨、肉桂或樟脑;以及还有烟草、坚果、咖啡、茄子、甘蔗、茶、胡椒、葡萄藤、蛇麻草、车前草科、胶乳植物以及观赏植物(如花以及草坪植物或草皮)。
术语“植物”或“作物”应当被理解为是天然存在的、通过常规的育种方法获得或通过基因工程获得的那些。它们包括含有所谓的输出型(output)性状(例如改进的储存稳定性、更高的营养价值以及改进的风味)的植物或作物。
术语“植物”或“作物”应被理解为还包括已经被赋予对除草剂(像溴草腈)或多种类别的除草剂(如ALS-、EPSPS-、GS-、HPPD-和PPO-抑制剂)的耐受性的那些植物或作物。已经通过常规的育种方法被赋予对咪唑啉酮(例如,甲氧咪草烟)的耐受性的植物的实例是夏季卡诺拉。已经通过遗传工程方法被赋予对除草剂的耐受性的植物的实例包括例如草甘膦和草铵膦抗性玉米品种,这些玉米品种在商标名和下是可商购的。
术语“植物”或“作物”应被理解为包括天然地或已经赋予对有害昆虫的抗性的那些。这包括通过使用重组DNA技术转化从而例如能够合成一种或多种选择性作用毒素的植物,这些毒素如是从如产毒素的细菌已知的。可以被表达的毒素的实例包括δ-内毒素,营养期杀虫蛋白(Vip),细菌定殖线虫的杀虫蛋白,以及由蝎子、蛛形纲动物、黄蜂和真菌产生的毒素。
已经被修饰为表达苏云金芽孢杆菌毒素的植物的实例是Bt maize(先正达种子公司(Syngenta Seeds))。包括编码杀昆虫抗性并且由此表达多于一种毒素的多于一种基因的植物的实例是(先正达种子公司)。植物或其种子材料还可以是对多种类型的有害生物具有抗性(当通过遗传修饰产生时的所谓的叠加转基因事件)。例如,植物可以具有表达杀昆虫蛋白而同时耐受除草剂的能力,例如Herculex(陶氏益农公司(Dow AgroSciences),先锋良种国际公司(Pioneer Hi-Bred International))。
本发明的农用化学组合物的施用率将取决于有待控制的线虫或真菌等的具体类型、所要求的控制程度以及施用时间安排和方法并且可以由本领域的技术人员确定。通常,本发明的组合物可以基于所述组合物中活性成分(其中‘活性成分’意指多晶型物形式B或C)的总量,以0.005千克/公顷(kg/ha)与约5.0kg/ha之间的施用率施用。约0.001kg/ha与约0.5kg/ha之间的施用率是优选的,其中约0.01kg/ha与0.04kg/ha之间的施用率是尤其优选的。
实际上,包含形式B或C的多晶型物的农用化学组合物是作为含有在工业上己知或使用的多种辅助剂和载体的配制品而施用。
这些配制品可以处于不同的实体形式,例如,处于以下形式:撒粉剂、凝胶、可湿性粉剂、水可分散性颗粒剂、水可分散性片剂、泡腾压缩片剂、可乳化的浓缩物、微可乳化浓缩物、水包油乳剂、可流动油、水性分散体、油性分散体、悬乳剂、胶囊悬浮液、可乳化的颗粒剂、可溶性液体、水可溶性浓缩物(以水或水混溶性有机溶剂作为载体)、浸渍的聚合物膜或处于已知的其他形式,例如从Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHOSpecifications for Pesticides[关于杀有害生物剂的FAO和WHO标准的发展和使用的手册],联合国,第1版,二次修订(2010)中已知的。此类配制品可以直接使用或者可以使用前稀释再使用。可以用例如水、液体肥料、微量营养素、生物有机体、油或溶剂来进行稀释。
可以通过例如将多晶型物(‘活性成分’)与配制辅助剂混合来制备这些配制品以便获得处于精细分散固体、颗粒、溶液、分散体或乳液形式的配制品。所述活性成分还可以与其他辅助剂(如精细分散固体、矿物油、植物或动物来源的油、改性的植物或动物来源的油、有机溶剂、水、表面活性物质或其组合)来一起配制。
所述活性成分还可以被包含于非常精细的微胶囊中。微胶囊在多孔载体中含有活性成分。这使活性成分能以受控的量值释放(例如,缓慢释放)到环境中。微胶囊通常具有从0.1至500微米的直径。它们包含的活性成分的量按重量计是胶囊重量的约从25%至95%。所述活性成分可以处于整体性的固体的形式、处于固体或液体分散体中的精细颗粒的形式或处于适合溶液的形式。包囊的膜可以包括例如天然的或合成的橡胶、纤维素、苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚脲、聚氨酯或化学改性的聚合物以及淀粉黄原酸酯、或本领域的技术人员已知的其他聚合物。可替代地,可以形成非常精细的微胶囊,其中活性成分在基础物质的固体基质中是以精细分散颗粒的形式被包含的,但这些微胶囊本身未经包裹。
适合于制备根据本发明的配制品的配制辅助剂本身是已知的。作为液体载体可以使用:水、甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、植物油、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、酸酐、乙腈、乙酰苯、乙酸戊酯、2-丁酮、碳酸丁烯酯、氯苯、环己烷、环己醇、乙酸烷基酯、二丙酮醇、1,2-二氯丙烷、二乙醇胺、对-二乙基苯、二甘醇、松脂酸二乙二醇酯、二甘醇丁基醚、二甘醇乙基醚、二甘醇甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、1,4-二噁烷、二丙二醇、二丙二醇甲基醚、双丙甘醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇、烷基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯、2-乙基己醇、碳酸乙烯酯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、2-庚酮、α-蒎烯、d-苧烯、乳酸乙酯、乙二醇、乙二醇丁基醚、乙二醇甲基醚、γ-丁内酯、丙三醇、乙酸甘油酯、二乙酸甘油酯、三乙酸甘油酯、十六烷、己二醇、乙酸异戊基酯、乙酸异冰片基酯、异辛烷、异佛尔酮、异丙苯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、乳酸、月桂胺、异亚丙基丙酮、甲氧基丙醇、甲基异戊基酮、甲基异丁基酮、月桂酸甲酯、辛酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、二氯甲烷、间二甲苯、正己烷、正辛胺、十八烷酸、辛胺乙酸酯、油酸、油烯基胺、邻二甲苯、苯酚、聚乙二醇、丙酸、乳酸丙酯、碳酸亚丙酯、丙二醇、丙二醇甲基醚、对-二甲苯、甲苯、磷酸三乙酯、三乙二醇、二甲苯磺酸、石蜡、矿物油、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇甲基醚、二乙二醇甲基醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇以及更高分子量的醇,如戊醇、四氢呋喃醇、己醇、辛醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等。
适合的固体载体是例如滑石、二氧化钛、叶蜡石黏土、硅石、凹凸棒石黏土、硅藻土、石灰石、碳酸钙、膨润土、钙蒙脱土、棉籽壳、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石、木粉、经研磨的胡桃壳、木质素和类似的物质。
许多表面活性物质可以有利地用在固体和液体配制品两者中,尤其是在使用前可被载体稀释的那些配制品中。表面活性物质可以是阴离子的、阳离子的、非离子的或聚合的并且它们可以用作乳化剂、湿润剂或悬浮剂或用于其他目的。典型的表面活性物质包括例如烷基硫酸酯的盐,如十二烷基硫酸二乙醇铵;烷基芳基磺酸酯的盐,如十二烷基苯磺酸钙;烷基酚/氧化烯加成产物,如乙氧基化壬基苯酚;醇/氧化烯加成产物,如乙氧基化十三烷醇;皂,如硬脂酸钠;烷基萘磺酸酯的盐,如二丁基萘磺酸钠;磺基琥珀酸二烷基酯的盐,如二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸钠;山梨糖醇酯,如山梨糖醇油酸酯;季铵,如氯化十二烷基三甲基铵;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,如聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;以及磷酸单烷基酯和二烷基酯的盐;以及还有其他物质,例如描述于:McCutcheon'sDetergents and Emulsifiers Annual[麦卡琴清洁剂和乳化剂年鉴],MC出版公司(MCPublishing Corp.),新泽西州里奇伍德(Ridgewood New Jersey)(1981)。
可以用于杀有害生物配制品的另外的辅助剂包括结晶抑制剂、粘度改性剂、悬浮剂、染料、抗氧化剂、发泡剂、光吸收剂、混合助剂、消泡剂、络合剂、中和或改变pH的物质和缓冲液、腐蚀抑制剂、香料、湿润剂、吸收增强剂、微量营养素、增塑剂、助流剂、润滑剂、分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、杀微生物剂、以及液体和固体肥料。
根据本发明的配制品可以包括添加剂,所述添加剂包括植物或动物来源的油、矿物油、此类油的烷基酯或此类油与油衍生物的混合物。在根据本发明的配制品中的油添加剂的量通常是基于所述待施用的混合物的从0.01%到10%。例如,可以在喷雾混合物已经制备之后将所述油添加剂以所希望的浓度添加到喷雾罐中。优选的油添加剂包括矿物油或植物来源的油,例如菜籽油、橄榄油或葵花籽油;乳化的植物油;植物来源的油的烷基酯,例如甲基衍生物;或动物来源的油,如鱼油或牛脂。优选的油添加剂包括C8-C22脂肪酸的烷基酯,尤其是C12-C18脂肪酸的甲基衍生物,例如月桂酸、棕榈酸以及油酸的甲基酯(分别为月桂酸甲酯、棕榈酸甲酯和油酸甲酯)。许多油衍生物获知于Compendium of HerbicideAdjuvants[除草剂辅助剂纲要],第10版,南伊利诺伊大学,2010。
本发明的配制品总体上包含按重量计从0.1%至99%、尤其是按重量计从0.1%至95%的本发明的多晶型物以及按重量计从1%至99.9%的配制辅助剂,所述配制辅助剂优选地包括按重量计从0至25%的表面活性物质。而商用产品可以优选地被配制为浓缩物,最终使用者将通常使用稀释配制品。
施用比率在宽范围之内变化并且取决于土壤的性质、施用方法、作物植物、待控制的有害生物、主要气候条件、以及受施用方法、施用时间以及目标作物支配的其他因素。一般来讲,可以将化合物以从1l/ha至2000l/ha、尤其是从10l/ha到1000l/ha的比率施用。
优选的配制品可以具有以下组成(重量%):
可乳化的浓缩物:
活性成分:1%至95%,优选60%至90%
表面活性剂:1%至30%,优选5%至20%
液体载体:1%至80%,优选1%至35%
粉尘剂:
活性成分:0.1%至10%,优选0.1%至5%
固体载体:99.9%至90%,优选99.9%至99%
悬浮液浓缩物:
活性成分:5%至75%,优选10%至50%
水:94%至24%,优选88%至30%
表面活性剂:1%至40%,优选2%至30%
可湿性粉剂:
活性成分:0.5%至90%,优选1%至80%
表面活性剂:0.5%至20%,优选1%至15%
固体载体:5%至95%,优选15%至90%
颗粒剂:
活性成分:0.1%至30%,优选0.1%至15%
固体载体:99.5%至70%,优选97%至85%
以上配制品的每一种都可以制备为包含多晶型物形式B或C连同配制品的其他成分(稀释剂、乳化剂、表面活性剂等)的包。所述配制品也可以通过桶混方法制备,其中所述成分单独地获得并在生长物位点组合。
这些配制品可通过常规方法施用到希望控制的区域。例如,可以通过使用动力撒粉器、扫帚式(broom)喷雾器和手动喷雾器及喷雾撒粉器来施用粉尘剂和液体配制品。所述配制品还可以从飞机作为粉尘剂或喷雾剂来施用,或通过绳芯施用来施用。固体和液体配制品两者也可以施用到待处理的植物场所的土壤中,从而允许所述活性成分通过根渗透进入植物。本发明的配制品也可以用于植物繁殖材料上的敷裹施用,以对所述植物繁殖材料提供抗昆虫感染保护,以及抗土壤中存在的昆虫的保护。具体地,通过用多晶型物形式B或C的液体配制品浸渍植物繁殖材料(特别是种子),或者用固体配制品对其进行涂覆,可将活性成分(即,多晶型物形式B或C,或包含多晶型物形式B或C的组合物)施用到待保护的植物繁殖材料上。在特殊情况下,其他类型施用也是有可能的,例如对用作繁殖的植物插条或细枝进行特殊处理。
合适地,本发明的农用化学组合物和配制品在病害发展前施用。这些配制品的使用率和使用频率是本领域内常用的那些,并且将取决于昆虫病原体浸染的风险。
通常情况下,在作物的管理中栽培者会使用一种或多种除本发明的结晶多晶型物之外的其他的农艺学化学品。农艺学化学品的实例包括杀有害生物剂如杀螨剂、杀细菌剂、杀真菌剂、除草剂、杀昆虫剂、杀线虫剂、以及植物营养素与植物肥料。
因此,本发明提供了根据本发明的组合物连同一种或者多种杀有害生物剂、植物营养素或者植物肥料的用途。所述组合还可包括使用任何手段,例如常规育种或基因修饰结合到植物中的特定植物性状。
多晶型物形式B或C与其他活性物质的混合物还可以具有进一步地、出人意料的优点,所述优点还可以在更宽的含义上描述为协同活性。例如,植物对其更好的耐受性、降低的植物毒性,昆虫可以在它们的不同发育阶段得到控制或者与生产(例如,研磨或者混合)、储藏或使用有关的更好的行为。
优选的混合物以下示出,其中多晶型物形式B或C指示为“I”:
包括辅助剂的组合物包括I+选自由石油组成的物质组中的化合物。
包含杀螨剂的组合物包括I+1,1-双(4-氯苯基)-2-乙氧基乙醇、I+2,4-二氯苯基苯磺酸酯、I+2-氟-N-甲基-N-1-萘乙酰胺、I+4-氯苯基苯基砜、I+阿维菌素、I+灭螨醌、I+乙酰虫腈、I+氟丙菊酯、I+涕灭威、I+涕灭砜威、I+α-氯氰菊酯、I+赛硫磷、I+磺胺螨酯、I+氨基硫代盐、I+胺吸磷、I+胺吸磷草酸氢盐、I+双甲脒、I+杀螨特、I+三氧化二砷、I+AVI 382、I+AZ 60541、I+益棉磷、I+保棉磷(azinphos-methyl)、I+偶氮苯、I+三唑锡(azacyclotin)、I+偶氮磷(azothoate)、I+苯茵灵、I+苯诺沙磷(benoxafos)、I+苯螨特(benzoximate)、I+苯甲酸苄酯、I+联苯肼酯、I+氟氯菊酯、I+乐杀螨、I+溴灭菊酯、I+溴烯杀(bromocyclen)、I+溴硫磷、I+乙基溴硫磷、I+溴螨酯(bromopropylate)、I+噻嗪酮、I+丁酮威、I+丁酮砜威、I+丁酮威(butylpyridaben)、I+石硫合剂(calcium polysulfide)、I+毒杀芬(campheechlor)、I+氯灭杀威(carbanolate)、I+甲萘威、I+克百威(carbofuran)、I+卡波硫磷、I+CGA 50’439、I+灭螨猛(chinomethionat)、I+杀螨醚(chlorbenside)、I+杀虫脒、I+杀虫脒盐酸盐、I+溴虫腈、I+敌螨、I+杀螨酯(chlorfenson)、I+敌螨特(chlorfensulfide)、I+氯芬磷、I+乙酯杀螨醇(chlorobenzilate)、I+伊托明(chloromebuform)、I+灭虫脲(chloromethiuron)、I+丙酯杀螨醇(chloropropylate)、I+毒死蜱、I+甲基毒死蜱、I+虫螨磷(chlorthiophos)、I+瓜菊酯(cinerin)I、I+瓜菊酯II、I+瓜叶菊素(cinerins)、I+四螨嗪、I+氯氰碘柳胺、I+库马磷、I+克罗米通、I+巴毒磷(crotoxyphos)、I+硫杂灵、I+果虫磷(cyanthoate)、I+丁氟螨酯、I+三氯氟氰菊酯、I+三环锡、I+氯氰菊酯、I+DCPM、I+DDT、I+田乐磷(demephion)、I+田乐磷-O、I+田乐磷-S、I+内吸磷(demeton)、I+甲基内吸磷、I+内吸磷-O、I+甲基内吸磷-O、I+内吸磷-S、I+甲基内吸磷-S、I+内吸磷-S-甲基磺隆(demeton-S-methylsulfon)、I+杀螨隆、I+氯亚胺硫磷(dialifos)、I+二嗪磷、I+苯氟磺胺、I+敌敌畏、I+甲氟磷(dicliphos)、I+开乐散、I+百治磷、I+遍地克、I+甲氟磷(dimefox)、I+乐果、I+二甲杀螨霉素(dinactin)、I+消螨酚(dinex)、I+消螨酚(dinex-diclexine)、I+消螨通(dinobuton)、I+敌螨普(dinocap)、I+敌螨普-4、I+敌螨普-6、I+二硝酯、I+硝戊酯(dinopenton)、I+硝辛酯(dinosulfon)、I+硝丁酯(dinoterbon)、I+敌恶磷、I+二苯砜、I+双硫仑、I+乙拌磷、I+DNOC、I+苯氧炔螨(dofenapyn)、I+多拉克汀、I+硫丹、I+因毒磷(endothion)、I+EPN、I+依立诺克丁、I+乙硫磷、I+益硫磷(ethoate-methyl)、I+乙螨唑(etoxazole)、I+乙嘧硫磷(etrimfos)、I+抗螨唑(fenazaflor)、I+喹螨醚、I+苯丁锡(fenbutatin oxide)、I+苯硫威(fenothiocarb)、I+甲氰菊酯、I+吡螨胺(fenpyrad)、I+唑螨酯(fenpyroximate)、I+芬螨酯(fenson)、I+氟硝二苯胺(fentrifanil)、I+氰戊菊酯、I+氟虫腈、I+嘧螨酯(fluacrypyrim)、I+氟佐隆、I+氟螨噻(flubenzimine)、I+氟螨脲、I+氟氰戊菊酯(flucythrinate)、I+联氟螨(fluenetil)、I+氟虫脲、I+氟氯苯菊酯(flumethrin)、I+氟杀螨(fluorbenside)、I+氟胺氰菊酯(fluvalinate)、I+FMC 1137、I+抗螨脒、I+抗螨脒盐酸盐、I+安硫磷(formothion)、I+胺甲威(formparanate)、I+γ-HCH、I+果绿啶(glyodin)、I+苄螨醚(halfenprox)、I+庚烯醚(heptenophos)、I+十六碳烷基环丙烷羧酸酯、I+噻螨酮、I+碘甲烷、I+水胺硫磷(isocarbophos)、I+异丙基O-(甲氧基氨基硫代磷酰基)水杨酸酯、I+伊维菌素、I+茉莉菊酯(jasmolin)I、I+茉莉菊酯II、I+碘硫磷(jodfenphos)、I+林丹、I+虱螨脲、I+马拉硫磷、I+苄丙二腈(malonoben)、I+灭蚜磷(mecarbam)、I+地胺磷(mephosfolan)、I+甲硫芬、I+虫螨畏(methacrifos)、I+甲胺磷、I+杀扑磷、I+灭虫威、I+灭多虫、I+溴甲烷、I+速灭威(metolcarb)、I+速灭磷、I+自克威(mexacarbate)、I+米尔螨素、I+杀螨茵素肟(milbemycinoxime)、I+丙胺氟磷(mipafox)、I+久效磷、I+茂硫磷(morphothion)、I+莫昔克丁、I+二溴磷(naled)、I+NC-184、I+NC-512、I+氟蚊灵(nifluridide)、I+尼柯霉素、I+戊氰威(nitrilacarb)、I+戊氰威(nitrilacarb)1:1氯化锌络合物、I+NNI-0101、I+NNI-0250、I+氧乐果(氧乐果)、I+杀线威、I+亚异砜磷(oxydeprofos)、I+砜拌磷(oxydisulfoton)、I+pp’-DDT、I+对硫磷、I+氯菊酯、I+石油、I+芬硫磷、I+稻丰散、I+甲拌磷、I+伏杀硫磷、I+硫环磷(phosfolan)、I+亚胺硫磷、I+磷胺、I+辛硫磷、I+甲基嘧啶磷、I+氯化松节油(polychloroterpenes)、I+杀螨霉素(polynactins)、I+丙氯诺、I+丙溴磷、I+蜱虱威(promacyl)、I+克螨特、I+胺丙畏(propetamphos)、I+残杀威、I+乙噻唑磷(prothidathion)、I+发硫磷(prothoate)、I+除虫菊酯I、I+除虫菊酯II、I+除虫菊素(pyrethrins)、I+哒螨灵、I+哒嗪硫磷(pyridaphenthion)、I+嘧螨醚(pyrimidifen)、I+嘧硫磷、I+喹硫磷(quinalphos)、I+喹硫磷(quintiofos)、I+R-1492、I+RA-17、I+鱼藤酮、I+八甲磷(schradan)、I+硫线磷(sebufos)、I+塞拉菌素(selamectin)、I+SI-0009、I+苏硫磷(sophamide)、I+季酮螨酯、I+螺甲螨酯、I+SSI-121、I+舒非仑、I+氟虫胺(sulfluramid)、I+治螟磷(sulfotep)、I+硫黄、I+SZI-121、I+τ-氟胺氰菊酯、I+吡螨胺、I+TEPP、I+叔丁威(terbam)、I+司替罗磷、I+三氯杀螨砜(tetradifon)、I+杀螨霉素(tetranactin)、I+杀螨硫醚(tetrasul)、I+久效威(thiafenox)、I+抗虫威(thiocarboxime)、I+久效威(thiofanox)、I+甲基乙拌磷(thiometon)、I+克杀螨、I+苏力菌素(thuringiensin)、I+威茵磷(triamiphos)、I+苯噻螨(triarathene)、I+三唑磷、I+唑呀威(triazuron)、I+敌百虫、I+氯苯乙丙磷(trifenofos)、I+甲杀螨霉素(trinactin)、I+灭蚜硫磷、I+氟吡唑虫(vaniliprole)和I+YI-5302。
包含驱蠕虫剂的组合物包括:I+阿巴美丁、I+克芦磷酯、I+多拉克汀、I+依马克丁、I+依马克丁苯甲酸酯、I+依立诺克丁、I+伊维菌素、I+米尔倍霉素、I+莫昔克丁、I+哌嗪、I+塞拉菌素(selamectin)、I+多杀菌素和I+硫菌灵(thiophanate)。
包含杀鸟剂的组合物包括:I+氯醛糖、I+异狄氏剂、I+倍硫磷、I+吡啶-4-胺和I+士的宁。
包含生物控制剂的组合物包括:I+棉褐带卷蛾颗粒体病毒(Adoxophyes oranaGV)、I+放射形土壤杆菌、I+钝绥螨属物种(Amblyseius spp.)、I+芹菜夜蛾核多角体病毒(Anagrapha falcifera NPV)、I+Anagrus atomus、I+蚜虫寄生蜂(Aphelinusabdominalis)、I+棉蚜寄生蜂(Aphidius colemani)、I+食蚜瘿蚊(Aphidoletesaphidimyza)、I+苜蓿银纹夜蛾核多角体病毒(Autographa californica NPV)、I+坚强芽孢杆菌(Bacillus firmus)、I+球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sphaericus Neide)、I+苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner)、I+苏云金芽胞杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.aizawai)、I+苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.israelensis)、I+苏云金芽孢杆菌日本亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.japonensis)、I+苏云金芽孢杆菌k.(Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.kurstaki)、I+苏云金芽孢杆菌t.(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis)、I+球孢白僵茵(Beauveria bassiana)、I+布氏白僵茵(Beauveria brongniartii)、I+草蜻蛉(Chrysoperla carnea)、I+孟氏隐唇瓢虫(Cryptolaemus montrouzieri)、I+苹果蠹蛾颗粒体病毒(Cydia pomonella Gv)、I+西伯利亚离颚茧蜂(Dacnusa sibirica)、I+豌豆潜叶蝇姬小蜂(Diglyphus isaea)、I+丽蚜小蜂(Encarsia formosa)、I+桨角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus eremicus)、I+玉米穗夜蛾核多角体病毒(Helicoverpa zea NPV)、I+嗜茵异小杆线虫(Heterorhabditis bacteriophora)和H.megidis、I+会聚长足瓢虫(Hippodamiaconvergens)、I+橘粉介壳虫寄生蜂(Leptomastix dactylopii)、I+盲蝽(Macrolophuscaliginosus)、I+甘蓝夜蛾核多角体病毒(Mamestra brassicae NPV)、I+Metaphycushelvolus、I+黄绿绿僵茵(Metarhizium anisopliae var.acridum)、I+金龟子绿僵菌小孢变种(Metarhizium anisopliae var.anisopliae)、I+松黄叶蜂(Neodiprion sertifer)核多角体病毒和红头松树叶蜂(N.Lecontei)核多角体病毒、I+小花蝽属物种、I+玫烟色拟青霉(Paecilomyces fumosoroseus)、I+智利捕植螨(Phytoseiulus persimilis)、I+甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua multicapsid)多核衣壳核多角体病毒、I+毛蚊线虫(Steinernemabibionis)、I+小卷蛾斯氏线虫(Steinernema carpocapsae)、I+夜蛾斯氏线虫、I+Steinernema glaseri、I+Steinernema riobrave、I+Steinernema riobravis、I+Steinernema scapterisci、I+斯氏线虫属物种(Steinernema spp.)、I+赤眼蜂属物种、I+西方盲走螨(Typhlodromus occidentalis)和I+蜡蚧轮枝茵(Verticillium lecanii)。
包含土壤消毒剂的组合物包括:I+碘甲烷和甲基溴。
包含化学不育剂的组合物包括:I+唑磷嗪、I+双(氮丙啶)甲氨基膦硫化物(bisazir)、I+白消安、I+除虫脲、I+迪麦替夫(dimatif)、I+六甲蜜胺、I+六甲磷、I+甲基涕巴、I+甲硫涕巴、I+不育特(methyl apholate)、I+不孕啶(morzid)、I+氟幼脲、I+涕巴(tepa)、I+硫代六甲磷(thiohempa)、I+硫涕巴、I+曲他胺和I+尿烷亚胺。
包含昆虫信息素的组合物包括:I+(E)-癸-5-烯-1-基乙酸酯与(E)-癸-5-烯-1-醇、I+(E)-十三碳-4-烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+(E)-6-甲基庚-2-烯-4-醇、I+(E,Z)-十四碳-4,10-二烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+(Z)-十二碳-7-烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+(Z)-十六碳-11-烯醛、I+(Z)-十六碳-11-烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+(Z)-十六碳-13-烯-11-炔-1-基乙酸酯、I+(Z)-二十-13-烯-10-酮、I+(Z)-十四碳-7-烯-1-醛、I+(Z)-十四碳-9-烯-1-醇、I+(Z)-十四碳-9-烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+(7E,9Z)-十二碳-7,9-二烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+(9Z,11E)-十四碳-9,11-二烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+(9Z,12E)-十四碳-9,12-二烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+14-甲基十八-1-烯、I+4-甲基壬醛-5-醇与4-甲基壬醛-5-酮、I+α-多纹素(multistriatin)、I+西部松小蠹集合信息素(brevicomin)、I+十二碳二烯醇(codlelure)、I+十二碳二烯醇(codlemone)、I+诱蝇酮(cuelure)、I+环氧十九烷(disparlure)、I+十二碳-8-烯-1基乙酸酯、I+十二碳-9-烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+十二碳-8、I+10-二烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+dominicalure、I+4-甲基辛酸乙酯、I+丁香酚、I+南部松小蠹集合信息素(frontalin)、I+诱虫十六酯(gossyplure)、I+诱杀烯混剂(grandlure)、I+诱杀烯混剂I、I+诱杀烯混剂II、I+诱杀烯混剂III、I+诱杀烯混剂IV、I+醋酸十六烯酯(hexalure)、I+齿小蠹二烯醇(ipsdienol)、I+小蠢烯醇(ipsenol)、I+金龟子性诱剂(japonilure)、I+里尼汀(lineatin)、I+利特乐(litlure)、I+粉纹夜蛾性诱剂(looplure)、I+诱杀酯(medlure)、I+蒙托么克酸(megatomoic acid)、I+诱虫醚(methyleugenol)、I+诱虫烯(muscalure)、I+十八-2,13-二烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+十八-3,13-二烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+贺康彼(orfralure)、I+oryctalure、I+非乐康(ostramone)、I+诱虫环(siglure)、I+索地丁(sordidin)、I+食菌甲诱醇(sulcatol)、I+十四-11-烯-1-基乙酸酯、I+特诱酮、I+特诱酮A、I+特诱酮B1、I+特诱酮B2、I+特诱酮C和I+创科尔(trunc-call)。
包含昆虫驱避剂的组合物包括:I+2-(辛基硫代)乙醇、I+避蚊酮(butopyronoxyl)、I+丁氧基(聚丙二醇)、I+己二酸二丁酯、I+邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、I+丁二酸二丁酯、I+避蚊胺、I+驱蚊酯(dimethyl carbate)、I+邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、I+乙基己二醇、I+己酰胺、I+甲喹丁(methoquin-butyl)、I+甲基新癸酰胺、I+草氨酸酯(oxamate)和I+羟哌酯。
包含杀昆虫剂的组合物包括I+1-二氯-1-硝基乙烷、I+1,1-二氯-2,2-二(4-乙基苯基)乙烷、I+,I+1,2-二氯丙烷、I+1,2-二氯丙烷与1,3-二氯丙烯、I+1-溴-2-氯乙烷、I+乙酸2,2,2-三氯-1-(3,4-二氯苯基)乙基酯、I+2,2-二氯乙烯基2-乙基亚磺酰基乙基甲基磷酸酯、I+二甲基氨基甲酸2-(1,3-二硫杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基酯、I+硫氰酸2-(2-丁氧基乙氧基)乙基酯、I+甲基氨基甲酸2-(4,5-二甲基-1,3-二氧环戊烷-2-基)苯基酯、I+2-(4-氯-3,5-二甲苯基氧基)乙醇、I+2-氯乙烯基二乙基磷酸酯、I+2-咪唑啉酮、I+2-异戊酰基茚满-1,3-二酮、I+甲基氨基甲酸2-甲基(丙-2-炔基)氨基苯基酯、I+月桂酸2-硫氰基乙基酯、I+3-溴-1-氯丙-1-烯、I+二甲基氨基甲酸3-甲基-1-苯基吡唑-5-基酯、I+甲基氨基甲酸4-甲基(丙-2-炔基)氨基-3,5-二甲苯基酯、I+二甲基氨基甲酸5,5-二甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯、I+阿维菌素、I+乙酰甲胺磷、I+啶虫脒、I+家蝇磷、I+乙酰虫腈、I+氟丙菊酯、I+丙烯腈、I+棉铃威、I+涕灭威、I+涕灭砜威、I+氯甲桥萘、I+烯丙菊酯、I+阿洛氨菌素、I+除害威、I+α-氯氰菊酯、I+α-蜕皮激素、I+磷化铝、I+赛硫磷、I+硫代酰胺、I+灭害威、I+胺吸磷、I+胺吸磷草酸氢盐、I+双甲脒、I+新烟碱、I+乙基杀扑磷、I+AVI 382、I+AZ 60541、I+印楝素、I+甲基吡啶磷、I+谷硫磷-乙基、I+谷硫磷-甲基、I+偶氮磷、I+苏云金芽孢杆菌δ内毒素类、I+六氟硅酸钡、I+多硫化钡、I+熏菊酯、I+Bayer22/190、I+Bayer 22408、I+噁虫威、I+丙硫克百威、I+杀虫磺、I+β氟氯氰菊酯、I+β-氯氰菊酯、I+联苯菊酯、I+生物烯丙菊酯、I+生物烯丙菊酯S-环戊烯基异构体、I+戊环苄呋菊酯(bioethanomethrin)、I+生物氯菊酯、I+除虫菊酯、I+二(2-氯乙基)醚、I+双三氟虫脲、I+硼砂、I+溴灭菊酯、I+溴苯烯磷、I+溴杀烯、I+溴-DDT、I+溴硫磷、I+溴硫磷-乙基、I+合杀威、I+噻嗪酮、I+畜虫威、I+脱甲基丁嘧啶磷(butathiofos)、I+丁酮威、I+丁酯膦、I+丁酮砜威、I+丁基哒螨灵、I+硫线磷、I+砷酸钙、I+氰化钙、I+多硫化钙、I+毒杀芬、I+氯灭杀威、I+甲萘威、I+克百威、I+二硫化碳、I+四氯化碳、I+三硫磷、I+丁硫克百成、I+杀螟丹、I+杀螟丹盐酸盐、I+西伐丁、I+冰片丹、I+氯丹、I+开蓬、I+杀虫脒、I+杀虫脒盐酸盐、I+氯氧磷、I+溴虫腈、I+毒虫畏、I+定虫隆、I+氯甲磷、I+氯仿、I+三氯硝基甲烷、I+氯辛硫磷、I+灭虫吡啶、I+毒死蜱、I+毒死蜱-甲基、I+虫螨磷、I+环虫酰肼、I+灰菊素I、I+灰菊素II、I+灰菊素类、I+顺式苄呋菊酯(cis-resmethrin)、I+顺式苄呋菊酯(cismethrin)、I+功夫菊酯、I+除线威、I+氯氰碘柳胺、I+噻虫胺、I+乙酰亚砷酸铜、I+砷酸铜、I+油酸铜、I+蝇毒磷、I+畜虫磷、I+克罗米通、I+巴毒磷、I+克芦磷酯、I+冰晶石、I+CS 708、I+苯腈膦、I+杀螟睛、I+果虫磷、I+环虫菊酯、I+乙氰菊酯、I+氟氯氰菊酯、I+三氯氟氰菊酯、I+氯氰菊酯、I+苯氰菊酯、I+环丙马秦、I+畜蜱磷、I+d-柠檬烯、I+d-四甲菊酯、I+DAEP、I+棉隆、I+DDT、I+单甲基克百威(decarbofuran)、I+溴氰菊酯、I+田乐磷、I+田乐磷-O、I+田乐磷-S、I+内吸磷、I+内吸磷-甲基、I+内吸磷-O、I+内吸磷-O-甲基、I+内吸磷-S、I+内吸磷-S-甲基、I+内吸磷-S-甲基砜、I+丁醚脲、I+氯亚胺硫磷、I+二胺磷、I+二嗪磷、I+异氯磷、I+除线磷、I+敌敌畏、I+迪克力弗斯(dicliphos)、I+迪克莱赛尔(dicresyl)、I+百治磷、I+地昔尼尔、I+狄氏刑、I+二乙基5-甲基吡唑-3-基磷酸酯、I+除虫脲、I+二羟丙茶碱(dilor)、I+四氟甲醚菊酯、I+甲氟磷、I+地麦威、I+乐果、I+苄菊酯、I+甲基毒虫畏、I+敌蝇威、I+消螨酚、I+消螨酚(dinex-diclexine)、I+丙硝酚、I+戊硝酚、I+达诺杀、I+呋虫胺、I+苯虫醚、I+蔬果磷、I+二氧威、I+敌恶磷、I+乙拌磷、I+苯噻乙双硫磷(dithicrofos)、I+DNOC、I+多拉克汀、I+DSP、I+蜕皮激素、I+EI 1642、I+甲氧基阿维菌素、I+甲氧基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、I+EMPC、I+烯炔菊酯、I+硫丹、I+因毒磷、I+异狄氏剂、I+EPBP、I+EPN、I+保幼醚、I+依立诺克丁、I+高氰戊菊酯、I+牛津郡丙硫磷(etaphos)、I+乙硫苯威、I+乙硫磷、I+乙虫腈、I+益硫磷-甲基、I+灭线磷、I+甲酸乙酯、I+乙基-DDD、I+二溴化乙烯、I+二氯化乙烯、I+环氧乙烷、I+醚菊酯、I+乙嘧硫磷、I+EXD、I+氨磺磷、I+苯线磷、I+抗螨唑、I+皮蝇磷、I+苯硫威、I+芬氟司林、I+杀螟硫磷、I+丁苯威、I+嘧酰虫胺(fenoxacrim)、I+苯氧威、I+吡氯氰菊酯、I+甲氰菊酯、I+吡螨胺(fenpyrad)、I+丰索磷、I+倍硫磷、I+倍硫磷-乙基、I+氰戊菊酯、I+氟虫腈、I+氟啶虫酰胺、I+氟虫酰胺、I+伏康脲(flucofuron)、I+氟环脲、I+氟氰戊菊酯、I+联氟螨、I+嘧虫胺、I+氟虫脲、I+三氟醚菊酯、I+氟氯苯菊酯、I+氟胺氰菊酯、I+FMC 1137、I+地虫磷、I+伐虫脒、I+伐虫脒盐酸盐、I+安硫磷、I+藻螨威(formparanate)、I+丁苯硫磷、I+福司吡酯、I+噻唑酮磷、I+丁硫环磷、I+呋线威、I+抗虫菊、I+γ-氯氟氰菊酯、I+γ-HCH、I+双胍盐、I+双胍醋酸盐、I+GY-81、I+苄螨醚、I+氯虫酰肼、I+HCH、I+HEOD、I+飞布达、I+庚烯磷、I+速杀硫磷、I+氟铃脲、I+HHDN、I+氟蚁腙、I+氢氰酸、I+烯虫乙酯、I+海驱威(hyquincarb)、I+吡虫啉、I+炔咪菊酯、I+茚虫威、I+碘甲烷、I+IPSP、I+氯唑磷、I+碳氯灵、I+水胺硫磷、I+异艾氏剂、I+异柳磷、I+移栽灵、I+异丙威、I+O-(甲氧基氨基硫代磷酰基)水杨酸异丙酯、I+稻瘟灵、I+异拌磷、I+恶唑磷、I+伊维菌素、I+茉酮菊素I、I+茉酮菊素II、I+碘硫磷、I+保幼激素I、I+保幼激素II、I+保幼激素III、I+氯戊环、I+烯虫炔酯、I+λ-氯氟氰菊酯、I+砷酸铅、I+雷皮菌素、I+对溴磷、I+林旦、I+丙嘧硫磷(lirimfos)、I+虱螨脲、I+噻唑磷、I+间异丙基苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯、I+磷化镁、I+马拉硫磷、I+特螨腈、I+叠氮磷、I+灭蚜磷、I+四甲磷、I+灭蚜硫磷、I+地安磷、I+氯化亚汞、I+线虫灵(mesulfenfos)、I+氰氟虫腙、I+威百亩、I+威百亩钾、I+威百亩钠、I+虫螨畏、I+甲胺磷、I+甲烷磺酰氟、I+杀扑磷、I+灭虫威、I+杀虫乙烯磷、I+灭多威、I+烯虫酯、I+甲喹丁、I+甲醚菊酯、I+甲氧滴滴涕、I+甲氧苯酰、I+溴甲烷、I+异硫氰酸甲酯、I+甲基氯仿、I+二氯甲烷、I+甲氧苄氟菊酯、I+速灭威、I+恶虫酮、I+速灭磷、I+兹克威、I+密灭汀、I+米尔倍霉素、I+丙胺氟磷、I+灭蚁灵、I+久效磷、I+茂硫磷、I+莫昔克丁、I+萘酞磷、I+二溴磷、I+萘、I+NC-170、I+NC-184、I+烟碱、I+硫酸烟碱、I+氟蚁灵、I+烯啶虫胺、I+硝乙脲噻唑(nithiazine)、I+戊氰威、I+戊氰威1:1氯化锌络合物、I+NNI-0101、I+NNI-0250、I+降烟碱、I+双苯氟脲、I+多氟脲、I+O-5-二氯-4-碘苯基O-乙基乙基硫代膦酸酯、I+O,O-二乙基O-4-甲基-2-氧代-2H-色烯-7-基硫代膦酸酯、I+O,O-二乙基O-6-甲基-2-丙基嘧啶-4-基硫代膦酸酯、I+O,O,O',O'-四丙基二硫代焦磷酸酯、I+油酸、I+氧化乐果、I+杀线威、I+砜吸磷-甲基、I+异亚砜磷、I+砜拌磷、I+pp’-DDT、I+对-二氯苯、I+对硫磷、I+对硫磷-甲基、I+氟幼脲、I+五氯苯酚、I+月桂酸五氯苯基酯、I+氯菊酯、I+石油油料类、I+PH 60-38、I+芬硫磷、I+苯醚菊酯、I+稻丰散、I+甲拌磷+TX、I+伏杀硫磷、I+硫环磷、I+亚胺硫磷、I+对氯硫磷、I+磷胺、I+磷化氢、I+辛硫磷、I+辛硫磷-甲基、I+甲胺基嘧啶磷(pirimetaphos)、I+抗蚜威、I+虫螨磷-乙基、I+虫螨磷-甲基、I+聚氯二环戊二烯异构体类、I+聚氯萜类、I+亚砷酸钾、I+硫氰酸钾、I+丙炔菊酯、I+早熟素I、I+早熟素II、I+早熟素III、I+乙酰嘧啶磷(primidophos)、I+丙溴磷、I+丙氟菊酯、I+蜱虱威、I+猛杀威、I+丙虫磷、I+胺丙畏、I+残杀威、I+乙噻唑磷、I+丙硫磷、I+发硫磷、I+丙苯烃菊酯(protrifenbute)、I+吡蚜酮、I+吡唑硫磷、I+定菌磷、I+苄呋菊酯(pyresmethrin)、I+除虫菊酯I、I+除虫菊酯II、I+除虫菊酯类、I+哒螨灵、I+啶虫丙醚、I+哒嗪硫磷、I+嘧螨醚、I+嘧硫磷、I+吡丙醚、I+苦木提取物(quassia)、I+喹硫磷(quinalphos)、I+喹硫磷-甲基、I+畜宁磷、I+喹硫磷(quintiofos)、I+R-1492、I+雷复尼特、I+苄呋菊酯、I+鱼藤酮、I+RU 15525、I+RU 25475、I+尼亚那(ryania)、I+利阿诺定、I+沙巴藜芦、I+八甲磷、I+硫线磷、I+塞拉菌素、I+SI-0009、I+SI-0205、I+SI-0404、I+SI-0405、I+氟硅菊酯、I+SN 72129、I+亚砷酸钠、I+氰化钠、I+氟化钠、I+六氟硅酸钠、I+五氯酚钠、I+硒酸钠、I+硫氰酸钠、I+苏硫磷、I+多杀菌素、I+螺甲螨酯、I+螺虫乙酯、I+萨尔科福隆(sulcofuron)、I+萨尔科福隆钠(sulcofuron-sodium)、I+氟虫胺、I+治螟磷、I+磺酰氟、I+硫丙磷、I+焦油类、I+τ-氟胺氰菊酯、I+噻螨威、I+TDE、I+虫酰肼、I+吡螨胺、I+丁基嘧啶磷、I+氟苯脲、I+七氟菊酯、I+双硫磷、I+TEPP、I+环戊烯丙菊酯、I+叔丁威(terbam)、I+特丁硫磷、I+四氯乙烷、I+杀虫畏、I+四甲菊酯、I+θ氯氰菊酯、I+噻虫啉、I+塞芬诺克斯(thiafenox)、I+噻虫嗪、I+苯噻硫磷(thicrofos)、I+克虫威、I+杀虫环、I+杀虫环草酸氢盐、I+硫双威、I+久效威、I+甲基乙拌磷、I+虫线磷、I+杀虫单(thiosultap)、I+杀虫双(thiosultap-sodium)、I+苏云金素、I+唑虫酰胺、I+四溴菊酯、I+四氟苯菊酯、I+反式苄氯菊酯(transpermethrin)、I+威菌磷、I+唑蚜威、I+三唑磷、I+唑呀威、I+敌百虫、I+三氯偏磷酸-3(trichlormetaphos-3)、I+毒壤膦、I+三氯丙氧磷、I+杀铃脲、I+混杀威、I+烯虫硫酯、I+蚜灭磷、I+甲烯氟虫腈(vaniliprole)、I+藜芦定、I+藜芦碱、I+XMC、I+灭杀威、I+YI-5302、I+ζ-氯氰菊酯、I+泽塔米林(zetamethrin)、I+磷化锌、I+丙硫恶唑磷(zolaprofos)以及ZXI8901、I+氰虫酰胺、I+氯虫酰胺、I+唑螨氰(cyenopyrafen)、I+丁氟螨酯、I+氟虫吡喹(pyrifluquinazon)、I+乙基多杀菌素(spinetoram)、I+螺虫乙酯、I+砜虫啶(sulfoxaflor)、I+丁虫腈(flufiprole)、I+氯氟醚菊酯、I+四氟醚菊酯(tetramethylfluthrin)、I+三氟苯嘧啶(triflumezopyrim)。
包含杀软体动物剂的组合物包括:I+二(三丁基锡)氧化物、I+溴乙酰胺、I+砷酸钙、I+除线威(cloethocarb)、I+乙酰亚砷酸铜、I+硫酸铜、I+三苯锡、I+磷酸铁、I+四聚乙醛、I+灭虫威、I+氯硝柳胺、I+氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐、I+五氯苯酚、I+五氯苯氧化钠、I+噻螨威(tazimcarb)、I+硫双威、I+三丁基氧化锡、I+杀螺吗啉(trifenmorph)、I+混杀威(trimethacarb)、I+乙酸三苯基锡和三苯基氢氧化锡、I+皮瑞普(pyriprole)。
包含杀线虫剂的组合物包括:I+AKD-3088、I+1,2-二溴-3-氯丙烷、I+1,2-二氯丙烷、I+1,2-二氯丙烷与1,3-二氯丙烯、I+1,3-二氯丙烯、I+3,4-二氯四氢噻吩1,1-二氧化物、I+3-(4-氯苯基)-5-甲基绕丹宁、I+5-甲基-6-硫代-1,3,5-噻二嗪烷-3-基乙酸、I+6-异戊烯基氨基嘌呤、I+阿巴美丁、I+乙酰虫腈、I+棉铃威、I+涕灭威、I+涕灭砜威、I+AZ 60541、I+苯氯噻唑、I+苯茵灵、I+丁基哒螨酮(butylpyridaben)、I+硫线磷(cadusafos)、I+克百威(carbofuran)、I+二硫化碳、I+丁硫克百威、I+氯化苦、I+毒死蜱、I+除线威(cloethocarb)、I+细胞分裂素(cytokinins)、I+棉隆、I+DBCP、I+DCIP、I+除线特(diamidafos)、I+除线磷(dichlofenthion)、I+二克磷(dicliphos)、I+乐果、I+多拉克汀、I+依马克丁、I+依马克丁苯甲酸酯、I+依立诺克丁、I+灭线磷、I+二溴乙烷、I+苯线磷(fenamiphos)、I+吡螨胺(fenpyrad)、I+丰索磷、I+噻唑磷(fosthiazate)、I+丁硫环磷(fosthietan)、I+糠醛、I+GY-81、I+速杀硫磷(heterophos)、I+碘甲烷、I+氯唑磷(isamidofos)、I+氯唑磷(isazofos)、I+伊维菌素、I+激动素、I+甲基灭蚜磷(mecarphon)、I+威百亩、I+威百亩钾盐、I+威百亩钠盐、I+甲基溴、I+异硫氰酸甲酯、I+杀螨菌素肟(milbemycin oxime)、I+莫昔克丁、I+疣孢漆斑茵(Myrothecium verrucaria)组分、I+NC-184、I+杀线威、I+甲拌磷、I+磷胺、I+磷虫威(phosphocarb)、I+硫线磷(sebufos)、I+塞拉菌素(selamectin)、I+多杀菌素、I+叔丁威(terbam)、I+特丁磷(terbufos)、I+四氯噻吩、I+噻菲农、I+虫线磷(thionazin)、I+三唑磷、I+唑呀威(triazuron)、I+二甲苯酚、I+YI-5302和玉米素、I+氟噻虫砜(fluensulfone)。
包含增效剂的组合物包括:I+2-(2-丁氧基乙氧基)乙基胡椒基酯、I+5-(1,3-苯并二氧杂环戊烯-5-基)-3-己基环己-2-烯酮、I+具有橙花叔醇的法呢醇、I+MB-599、I+MGK264、I+增效醚(piperonyl butoxide)、I+增效醛(piprotal)、I+增效酯(propyl isomer)、I+S421、I+增效散(sesamex)、I+芝麻林素(sesasmolin)和I+亚砜。
包含动物驱避剂的组合物包括:I+蒽醌、I+氯醛糖、I+环烷酸铜、I+王铜、I+二嗪磷、I+二环戊二烯、I+双胍盐(guazatine)、I+双胍醋酸盐、I+灭虫威、I+吡啶-4-胺、I+塞仑、I+混杀威(trimethacarb)、I+环烷酸锌和I+福美锌。
另外的组合物包括:I+溴氟菊酯(Brofluthrinate)、I+环氧虫啶(Cycloxaprid)、I+Diflovidazine、I+Flometoquin、I+Fluhexafon、I+戊吡虫胍(Guadipyr)、I+小菜蛾颗粒体病毒(Plutella xylostella Granulosis virus)、I+苹果蠹蛾颗粒体病毒(Cydiapomonella Granulosis virus)、I+正康壮素(Harpin)、I+咪唑环磷(Imicyafos)、I+烟芽夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Heliothis virescens Nucleopolyhedrovirus)、I+实夜蛾属punctigera核型多角体病毒(Heliothis punctigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus)、I+棉铃虫核型多角体病毒(Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus)、I+谷实夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Helicoverpa zea Nucleopolyhedrovirus)、I+草地贪夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Spodoptera frugiperda Nucleopolyhedrovirus)、I+小菜蛾核型多角体病毒(Plutellaxylostella Nucleopolyhedrovirus)、I+拟斯扎瓦巴氏杆菌(Pasteuria nishizawae)、I+对-伞花烃(p-cymene)、I+吡氟丁酰胺(Pyflubumide)、I+吡嗪氟虫腈(Pyrafluprole)、I+除虫菊(pyrethrum)、I+QRD 420、I+QRD 452、I+QRD 460、I+萜类混合物(Terpenoid blends)、I+萜类化合物(Terpenoids)、I+氟氰虫酰胺(Tetraniliprole)、以及I+α-松油烯。
组合物还包括多晶型物与由以下代码引用的活性物质的混合物,如I+代码AE1887196(BSC-BX60309)、I+代码NNI-0745GR、I+代码IKI-3106、I+代码JT-L001、I+代码ZNQ-08056、I+代码IPPA152201、I+代码HNPC-A9908(CAS:[660411-21-2])、I+代码HNPC-A2005(CAS:[860028-12-2])、I+代码JS118、I+代码ZJ0967、I+代码ZJ2242、I+代码JS7119(CAS:[929545-74-4])、I+代码SN-1172、I+代码HNPC-A9835、I+代码HNPC-A9955、I+代码HNPC-A3061、I+代码Chuanhua 89-1、I+代码IPP-10、I+代码ZJ3265、I+代码JS9117、I+代码SYP-9080、I+代码ZJ3757、I+代码ZJ4042、I+代码ZJ4014、I+代码ITM-121、I+代码DPX-RAB55(DKI-2301)、I+代码Me5382、I+代码NC-515、I+代码NA-89、I+代码MIE-1209、I+代码MCI-8007、I+代码BCS-CL73507、I+代码S-1871、I+代码DPX-RDS63、以及I+代码AKD-1193。
尽管包含多晶型物形式B或C和另一种杀昆虫剂等的组合物明确地在上文进行披露,技术人员将理解本发明扩展到三元,以及另外的包括上述二元混合物的多种组合。
为避免疑问,虽然没有明确在上面陈述,这些混合配伍物还可以处于任意适当的农用化学上可接受的酯或盐的形式,正如例如在The Pesticide Manual[杀有害生物剂手册],第15版,英国农作物保护委员会(British Crop Protection Council),2009年中提到的。
多晶型物形式B或C与另一种杀昆虫剂的重量比总体上是在1000:1与1:100之间、更优选在500:1与1:100之间,例如在250:1与1:66之间、在125:1与1:33之间、在100:1与1:25之间,在66:1与1:10之间,在33:1与1:5之间、以及在8:1与1:3之间。
附图说明
图1示出了形式A的预测的粉末X射线衍射图。
图2示出了形式A的测量的粉末X射线衍射图。
图3示出了形式A的DSC(差示扫描量热法)迹线。
图4示出了形式B的预测的粉末X射线衍射图。
图5示出了形式B的测量的粉末X射线衍射图。
图6示出了形式B的DSC(差示扫描量热法)迹线。
图7示出了形式C的预测的粉末X射线衍射图。
图8示出了形式C的测量的粉末X射线衍射图。
图9示出了形式C的DSC(差示扫描量热法)迹线。
图10示出了形式D的测量的粉末X射线衍射图。
图11示出了形式D的DSC(差示扫描量热法)迹线。
图12示出了评估晶体生长的温度循环测试。
图13a、13b、13c:图13a是在温度循环开始时具有形式A的配制品的用显微镜(40x)拍摄的照片,图13b是在温度循环之后的照片,并且图13c是在温度循环之后并且在室温下储存两天的照片。
图14a、14b、14c:图14a是在温度循环开始时具有形式B的配制品的用显微镜(40x)拍摄的照片,图14b是在温度循环之后的照片,并且图14c是在温度循环之后并且在室温下储存两天的照片。
实验
1.多晶型物的制备
1.1形式A
WO 2015/003951(实例P5)中已经披露了用于制备形式A的方法。用于制备形式A的实例如下:
将(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁胺在甲苯(339g,0.40mol)中的溶液添加到固体NaHCO3(47g,0.56mol)中。然后将水(140g,7.79mol)添加到反应混合物中,并将混合物加热至Ti=50℃(Ti=容器中的内部温度)。随后,在Ti=50℃下在53分钟内将2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-碳酰氯在甲苯(247g,0.42mol)中的溶液添加到反应混合物中。一旦实现完全转化,将反应混合物加热至Ti=70℃,并且在此温度下搅拌20分钟。相分离后,在Ti=80℃下用水(201g,11.1mol)萃取有机相。继相分离之后,浓缩有机相至大约35%溶液,然后在20分钟内将甲基环己烷(140g,1.4mol)添加到Ti=80℃下的经浓缩的有机相中。然后在2.5h内将反应混合物冷却至Ti=5℃,而在Ti=72℃下添加晶种(在没有引晶的情况下结晶也能进行)。在过滤悬浮液之前,一旦反应混合物达到5℃的Ti,将反应混合物搅拌30分钟,用甲基环己烷(200g,2.0mol)洗涤并在升高的温度下在减压下干燥,以分离出N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺(141.6g)。
FT-IR 3282,3077,2981,2952,1650,1593,1543,1473,1353,1187,1138,1074,1066,1054cm-1
1.2形式B
将形式A溶解在HPLC小瓶中的10%水/甲醇中。使溶剂在室温下蒸发。
替代方法如下:
将0.02g的形式A称重到HPLC小瓶中,并添加0.3ml的50%水/甲醇。将样品在25℃下搅拌一周,并且获得形式B的晶体。
另一种替代方法如下:
在Ti=55℃(Ti=容器内部的温度)下,将N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺(80g)的形式A溶解在丙酮(240g,4.1mol)和水(80g,4.4mol)的混合物中。然后将混合物冷却至Ti=8℃,并且在Ti=29℃下添加晶种。一旦反应混合物达到8℃的温度,在60分钟内将水(86g,4.8mol)添加到反应混合物中。在将水的另一等分部分(174g,9.7mol)在1h内添加之后,将反应混合物搅拌30分钟。随后,添加水的最终等分部分(340g,18.9mol),并且将悬浮液搅拌80分钟。过滤悬浮液,并且将滤饼在其在35℃下在减压下干燥之前用水(2×80g,4.)洗涤,以产生N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的一水合物(94.6g)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.65(dd,J=4.6Hz,J=1.2Hz,1H),7.60-7.58(m,1H),7.47-7.44(m,1H),7.41-7.40(m,1H),7.33-7.25(m,2H),5.54(br d,J=7.8Hz,1H),5.03(quin,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.24(q,J=7.8Hz,1H),2.65-2.56(m,1H),2.44-2.28(m,2H),2.10-2.01(m,1H)。
FT-IR 3403,3232,3079,2948,1660,1645,1593,1575,1471,1326,1186,1126,1076,1054cm-1。
1.3形式C
将顺式-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺外消旋体(制备方法已披露于WO 2013/143811中)溶解在小瓶中的主要溶剂(甲醇、丙酮或乙腈)中,并且添加水以沉淀化合物。然后将悬浮液温度循环10℃至50℃,冷却至室温(自然冷却),并放置48小时直到获得晶体。
1.4形式D
顺式-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺(其是N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺和N-[(1R,2R)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺两种对映异构体的外消旋体)可以如WO 2013/143811中所述的制备,其中顺式-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺例示于表57,实例57.011。
2.多晶型物的表征
2.1实验条件:
粉末X射线衍射分析(pXRD):
在室温下和在高于40%的相对湿度下,使用布鲁克(Bruker)D8粉末衍射仪进行固体材料的粉末X射线衍射分析。将样品安装在有机玻璃(Perspex)样品支架中,并使样品变平。使所述样品支架旋转,并从4°至34°2-θ以25至30分钟的扫描时间(取决于图强度)收集X射线。多晶型物形式A、B和C的测量的粉末X射线衍射图分别示于图2、5和8中。
单晶强度数据:
形式A:在牛津Xcalibar PX超衍射仪上使用Cu Kα辐射 用石墨单色器收集单晶强度数据。将晶体安装在100K下的NVH油中用于数据收集。使用CRYSTALS软件包解析数据。使用此数据来产生多晶型物形式A的预测的粉末X射线衍射图(图1)。
形式B:在牛津Xcalibar PX超衍射仪上使用Cu Kα辐射 用石墨单色器收集单晶强度数据。将晶体安装在298K下的NVH油中用于数据收集。使用CRYSTALS软件包解析数据。使用此数据来产生多晶型物形式B的预测的粉末X射线衍射图(图4)。
形式C:在Rigaku XtaLAB SuperNova衍射仪上使用Cu Kα辐射用石墨单色器收集单晶强度数据。将晶体安装在100K下的NVH油中用于数据收集。使用CRYSTALS软件包解析数据。使用此数据来产生多晶型物形式C的预测的粉末X射线衍射图(图7)。
差示扫描量热法(DSC):
使用梅特勒托利多(Mettler Toledo)DSC1进行DSC。使用5mg左右的样品装载量并将其以10℃/分钟的速率从25℃加热至250℃。将DSC坩埚的盖穿孔以允许在加热所述样品期间形成的任意气体逸出。
2.2形式A
a)pXRD
形式A的粉末X射线衍射图示于图2中。
表1:形式A的测量的2-θ和d-间距值:
2-θ | d |
9.3 | 9.5 |
10.4 | 8.5 |
10.7 | 8.3 |
13.1 | 6.8 |
13.3 | 6.6 |
14.0 | 6.3 |
14.6 | 6.1 |
16.8 | 5.3 |
17.2 | 5.1 |
18.3 | 4.8 |
20.6 | 4.3 |
20.7 | 4.3 |
b)单晶晶胞参数
表2:形式A的晶体学数据
2.3形式B:
a)pXRD
形式B的X射线粉末衍射图示于图5中。
表3:形式B的测量的2-θ和d-间距值:
2-θ | d |
6.1-5.9 | 14.5-15.00 |
11.2-11.0 | 7.9-8.04 |
14.0 | 6.3 |
16.7 | 5.3 |
17.2-17.00 | 5.1-5.2 |
18.5 | 4.8 |
20.8 | 4.3 |
21.3 | 4.2 |
22.3 | 4.0 |
23.6 | 3.8 |
23.9-23.7 | 3.7-3.8 |
24.5 | 3.6 |
b)单晶晶胞参数
表4:形式B的晶体学数据:
c)DSC(差示扫描量热法):
晶形(形式B)的熔融峰是在约65℃下在DSC迹线中的宽水吸热。
形式B表示对映异构体(1S,2S)N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的一水合物多晶型物,即,(1S,2S)N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺·H2O。
2.4形式C:
a)X射线粉末衍射
形式C的X射线粉末衍射图示于图5中。
表5:形式C的测量的2-θ和d-间距值:
2-θ | d |
10.8 | 8.2 |
14.5 | 6.1 |
17.5 | 5.1 |
19.0 | 4.7 |
23.5 | 3.8 |
24.5 | 3.6 |
26.0 | 3.4 |
30.2 | 3.0 |
32.6 | 2.7 |
33.3 | 2.7 |
34.1 | 2.6 |
35.5 | 2.5 |
b)单晶晶胞参数
表6:形式C的晶体学数据:
c)DSC(差示扫描量热法):
晶形(形式C)的熔融峰是在约85℃下在DSC迹线中的宽水吸热。
形式C表示顺式-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的一水合物多晶型物。形式C具有1比1的(1S,2S)-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺与(1R,2R)-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的对映异构体比率,即,(1S,2S)-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺·(1R,2R)-N-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺·H2O。
2.5形式D:
a)X射线粉末衍射
形式D的X射线粉末衍射图示于图10中。
表7:形式D的测量的2-θ和d-间距值:
b)DSC(差示扫描量热法):
在DSC迹线中晶形(形式D)的熔融峰是在约157℃。
3.包含形式A和B的配制品的制备
包含多晶型物形式A和B的配制品已使用相同配方配制为用于种子处理的可流动的浓缩物FS200。表8中给出了使用的配方:
表8:FS200配制品的组成
作用 | 配制品形式A(mg) | 配制品形式B(mg) |
形式A | 20 | - |
形式B | - | 20 |
防冻剂 | 1.87 | 1.87 |
消泡剂 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
分散剂 | 8 | 8 |
分散剂 | 2 | 2 |
颜料 | 16.67 | 16.67 |
填料 | 直到100 | 直到100 |
总计 | 100mg | 100mg |
在温度循环测试中测试了上述配制品的稳定性,如图12中所示。然后在显微镜(40x)下分析配制品,以检查可能的稳定性问题,特别是晶体生长,并拍照。图13b和13c示出了晶体生长,而图13a、14a、14b和14c没有示出任何晶体生长。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有式(I)的N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)环丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的晶形
其特征在于在21℃-26℃的温度下包含以下2-θ角度值的X射线粉末衍射图:6.1±0.2、11.2±0.2、14.0±0.2、16.7±0.2、17.2±0.2、18.5±0.2、20.8±0.2、21.3±0.2、22.3±0.2、23.6±0.2、23.9±0.2以及24.5±0.2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的晶形,
其特征在于以下晶胞参数:
α=90°±0.01°、β=105.03±0.01°、γ=90°±0.01°、Z=4。
3.一种农业或药物组合物,其包含根据权利要求1或2所述的晶形、以及至少一种可接受的载体或稀释剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的组合物,其进一步包含一种杀昆虫、杀螨、杀线虫或杀真菌活性剂。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的晶形用于保护有用植物抵抗由线虫有害生物或真菌引起的损害的用途。
6.一种保护有用植物的作物抵抗由线虫有害生物引起的损害的方法,所述方法包括用根据权利要求3或权利要求4所述的组合物处理所述植物或其场所。
7.一种保护植物繁殖材料抵抗由线虫有害生物引起的损害的方法,所述方法包括用根据权利要求3或4所述的组合物处理此材料。
8.一种保护有用植物的作物抵抗由真菌引起的损害的方法,所述方法包括用根据权利要求3或权利要求4所述的组合物处理所述植物或其场所。
9.一种保护植物繁殖材料抵抗由真菌引起的损害的方法,所述方法包括用根据权利要求3或4所述的组合物处理此材料。
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US20230354811A1 (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2023-11-09 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Methods of controlling or preventing panama disease in banana plants |
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