CN111690624A - 一种利用微生物合成2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的方法 - Google Patents
一种利用微生物合成2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111690624A CN111690624A CN202010501634.0A CN202010501634A CN111690624A CN 111690624 A CN111690624 A CN 111690624A CN 202010501634 A CN202010501634 A CN 202010501634A CN 111690624 A CN111690624 A CN 111690624A
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- sucrose
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用微生物合成2‑O‑α‑D‑甘油葡糖苷的方法,属于基因工程技术领域。本发明所述突变体的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。本发明所述突变体是在肠膜明串珠菌来源的蔗糖磷酸化酶的基础上,进行定点突变实现蔗糖磷酸化酶酶活的提高的,将突变体酶在大肠杆菌中表达,并用作全细胞催化剂生产2‑O‑α‑D‑甘油葡糖苷,在5L发酵罐水平,可短时间内生产大量的2‑O‑α‑D‑甘油葡糖苷,这有利于扩大蔗糖磷酸化酶生产2‑O‑α‑D‑甘油葡糖苷工业化应用前景,实现大规模工业化应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用微生物合成2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的方法,属于基因工程技术领域。
背景技术
根据EC分类标准,蔗糖磷酸化酶(EC 2.4.1.7,Sucrose Phosphorylase,Spase)被归类为糖苷转移酶,该酶大约有500个氨基酸残基组成,以功能性单体或二聚体的形式存在。蔗糖磷酸化酶的催化活性不依赖于其他辅因子,它能够可逆地催化蔗糖和磷酸生成D-果糖和1-磷酸-葡萄糖,除了能水解蔗糖以外,还具有催化转移葡萄糖基的能力。
应用该催化特性,蔗糖磷酸化酶能以甘油为受体,催化蔗糖合成2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷,极具工业化价值。2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷在化妆品、食品、医药、保健品等领域发挥着重要作用,具有广阔的应用和市场前景;但由于缺乏经济、高效的2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷生产工艺,造成市场上2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的需求量大,且价格昂贵。相较于2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的化学合成和微生物合成方法,利用蔗糖磷酸化酶将廉价的底物蔗糖和甘油,催化合成果糖和2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷,是一种理想的工业化生产2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的方法。
在蔗糖磷酸化酶催化合成2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷中,虽然具有底物原料低廉,产物简单的优点,但也存在转化时间长、体外条件下酶的稳定性差、容易失活等问题,在一定程度上限制了蔗糖磷酸化酶的工业化应用。随着蛋白质工程、定点突变等技术手段的发展,为蔗糖磷酸化酶分子的理性改造提供了可能,对于改良酶的工业属性,推动2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷工业化进程具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种利用微生物合成2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的方法。本发明所述合成方法,底物转化率及产量高,具有很高的工业应用潜力。
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种酶活提高的蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体,所述蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体含有SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列。
本发明的第二个目的是提供编码所述突变体的基因。
在一种实施方式中,所述基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示。
本发明的第三个目的是提供携带所述基因的载体。
本发明的第四个目的是提供一种基因工程菌,所述重组菌表达SEQ ID NO.1所示的突变体或SEQ ID NO.3所示的蔗糖磷酸化酶基因。
在一种实施方式中,所述基因工程菌以大肠杆菌为宿主。
本发明的第五个目的是提供所述基因工程菌的构建方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)在SEQ ID NO.4所示核苷酸序列的基础上,将编码第138位赖氨酸的密码子突变为半胱氨酸的密码子,得到核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示的基因;
(2)将步骤(1)获得的所述基因连到表达载体pET-28a上,得到重组表达载体pET-28a-gtfAK138C;
(3)将步骤(2)获得的重组表达载体转化到宿主菌中,得到基因工程菌。
在一种实施方式中,采用SEQ ID NO.5和SEQ ID NO.6所示的引物进行突变。
本发明的第六个目的是提供所述蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体在产2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷方面的应用。
在一种实施方式中,按700-1000U/mol的剂量将蔗糖磷酸化酶作为催化剂,加入至含蔗糖和甘油的环境中进行反应;所述蔗糖与甘油的摩尔比为1:2.5。
在一种实施方式中,以表达所述蔗糖磷酸化酶的细胞作为催化剂,按每mol蔗糖加入OD600为30的所述细胞,将细胞添加至含蔗糖和甘油的环境中进行反应;所述蔗糖与甘油的摩尔比为1:2.5。
本发明还要求保护所述蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体,或所述基因工程菌在食品、保健品或化妆品领域中的应用。
在一种实施方式中,所述应用包括但不限于制备2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷或其衍生产品。
在一种实施方式中,所述2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的衍生产品包括但不限于2-α-D-葡糖基-D-果糖,1-α-D-葡糖基-D-木糖,2-α-D-葡糖基-L-半乳糖,2-α-D-葡萄糖基-鼠李糖,α-熊果苷,咖啡酸葡萄糖苷或葡萄糖基木糖醇。
有益效果:本发明所述突变体酶是在肠膜明串珠菌来源的蔗糖磷酸化酶的基础上,进行定点突变实现蔗糖磷酸化酶酶活的提高的,酶活的提高有利于扩大蔗糖磷酸化酶生产2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷工业化应用前景,实现大规模工业化应用。试验结果表明,本发明在天然蔗糖磷酸化酶的基础上,通过定点突变生物技术改造蔗糖磷酸化酶分子结构,获得的突变体酶的纯酶液比酶活较突变前提高58%,并且利用突变体酶重组大肠杆菌全细胞转化24h底物转化率达到最大为94%,同时生成2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷290g/L,其中转化4h时的单位OD600转化速率为4.6mmol/(L·h·OD600);且本发明表明138位氨基酸残基对肠膜明串珠菌蔗糖磷酸化酶的催化作用有较大影响,对该酶的催化机理的研究提供了一定的基础,并提高了该酶的工业应用潜力。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的重组菌E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfAK138C在底物蔗糖420g/L,甘油280g/L,菌体OD600 30,pH 7.0,温度35℃下在5L发酵罐中的转化情况。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中涉及的大肠杆菌E.coli BL21购自北纳生物;下述实施例中涉及的pET-28a质粒购自普如汀生物技术(北京)有限公司;下述实施例中涉及的蔗糖、甘油均购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司。
下述实施例中涉及的培养基如下:
LB液体培养基:蛋白胨10g/L、酵母膏5g/L、NaCl 10g/L。
LB固体培养基(LB平板):蛋白胨10g/L、酵母膏5g/L、NaCl 10g/L、2%琼脂粉(v/v)。
下述实施例中涉及的检测方法如下:
酶活定义为:每1min生成1μmol的2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷所需的酶量为1个酶活力单位U;
蔗糖磷酸化酶酶活的测定:将粗酶液用0.2μm的滤膜过滤处理后通过Ni-NTA亲和层析,利用咪唑进行洗脱获得纯化后的酶;反应体系包含200mmol/L蔗糖、400mmol/L甘油、50mmol/L pH 7.0的MES缓冲液、100μL纯酶液,35℃水浴反应20min,沸水浴10min终止反应;使用HPLC法检测酶活;
HPLC方法:采用HPLC示差法测定底物与产物浓度;其中,色谱条件:色谱柱:AminexHPX-87C(300×7.8mm);流动相:超纯水;检测器:RID Detector,柱温:80℃,进样量:10μL,流速:0.6mL/min。
转化率的计算方法:转化率=实际产量÷理论产量×100%。
实施例1含蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体的重组载体的构建
具体步骤如下:
(1)突变体酶基因gtfAK138C的获得:以SEQ ID NO.4所示核苷酸序列为模板,f-primer1(序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示)、r-primer 1(序列如SEQ ID NO.6所示)为引物,以SEQID NO.4所示的基因为模板进行PCR即得到SEQ ID NO.3所示的重组基因。
(2)将步骤(1)获得的重组基因与pET-28a分别用BamH I、EcoR I双酶切,纯化后用T4DNA连接酶16℃过夜连接,测序工作由上海生工完成。
实施例2产蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体重组谷氨酸棒杆菌工程菌构建
将实施例1得到的重组质粒pET-28a-gtfAK138C化学法转化入E.coli感受态细胞,具体方法如下:
转化实验所需溶液如下(g/L):
LB培养基:酵母提取物5,蛋白胨10,NaCl 10。
50%甘油,0.1M CaCl2,115℃湿热灭菌。
(1)接种大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)于50mL新鲜LB培养液中37℃,220r/min过夜培养。
(2)取过夜培养物1mL接种到100mL新鲜LB培养基中37℃,220r/min振荡培养。
(3)培养1h后开始用分光光度计检测培养液的0D600值,每隔20min左右检测一次,直到OD600值达到0.6时为止(约需要2h)。
(4)将培养液等份35mL分装于50mL的离心管中,并放置在冰上预冷约10min。
(5)4℃,10000r/min离心5min,完全弃去上清。
(6)向50mL的离心管中加入2mL预冷的0.1M氯化钙溶液,缓慢吹打均匀冰上静置15min,重复操作两次。
(7)随后加入3.2mL 0.1M氯化钙溶液和1.6mL 50%甘油后分装于1.5mL的离心管中,每支离心管分装120μL。
大肠杆菌感受态化学转化法:在120μL感受态细胞中加入5μL重组质粒,混匀后冰上放置半小时,然后42℃准确热击90s,冰上冷置5min后加入800μL LB培养基,37℃、200r/min培养90min,取菌液涂布氯霉素抗性平板。37℃培养12h,挑取阳性转化子验证。得到重组菌E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfAK138C。
实施例3表达野生型蔗糖磷酸化酶的重组菌的构建
将SEQ ID NO.4所示的基因与pET-28a分别用BamH I、EcoR I双酶切,纯化后用T4DNA连接酶16℃过夜连接,获得重组质粒pET-28a-gtfA,测序工作由上海生工完成。
将重组质粒pET-28a-gtfA按照实施例2相同的方法,转化入E.coli感受态细胞,培养,挑取阳性转化子验证,得到重组菌E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfA。
实施例4重组菌E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfAK138C蔗糖磷酸化酶高效表达及酶活测定
将实施例2构建的重组菌E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfAK138C与实施例3构建的表达未突变的酶的原始菌株E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfA分别接种于10mL含卡那霉素的LB培养基中,于37℃振荡培养12h,次日按2%的接种量转接于100mL LB培养基中诱导表达,25℃培养12h,获得表达蔗糖磷酸化酶的重组细胞培养液。
取培养液于4℃、10000r/min离心10min,细胞破碎上清液为胞内粗酶液,然后采用Ni柱纯化得到纯酶液,用于酶活力的测定。
结果表明重组菌E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfAK138C表达的蔗糖磷酸化酶的比酶活为10.83U/mg,作为对照的原始菌株E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfA的比酶活为6.85U/mg,突变体酶比原始酶比酶活提高了58%。
对纯酶酶学性质进行探究,蔗糖磷酸化酶突变菌株的最适反应温度是35℃,最适反应pH是7.0。
实施例5全细胞转化生成2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷
将实施例2和实施例3构建的菌株分别接种至LB培养基中,在37℃下培养至OD600达0.5时,加入终浓度为0.3mM的IPTG,在25℃培养12h,离心收集菌体。
以实施例3构建的菌株E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfA为对照,在1L的转化体系中,将菌体悬浮于MES缓冲液中,使菌体的OD600为30,控制反应的pH为7.0,温度35℃下,发酵罐转速为150rpm,添加终浓度为420g/L蔗糖、280g/L甘油作为底物,每4h测定底物和产物的浓度。结果显示,E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfAK138C转化24h可以生产290g/L的2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷,转化率达94%,转化4h时的单位OD600转化速率为4.6mmol/(L·h·OD600);相同条件下,比野生型菌株E.coli BL21/pET-28a-gtfA全细胞转化速率提高了近45%。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 江南大学
<120> 一种利用微生物合成2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的方法
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gaaacaccat ctgatacaac tatcaagatt actcgtaagg ataagtctgg tgaaaatgtt 1380
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Claims (10)
1.一种酶活提高的蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体,其特征在于,含有SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列。
2.编码权利要求1所述突变体的基因。
3.携带权利要求2所述基因的载体。
4.表达权利要求1所述蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体的微生物细胞。
5.一种基因工程菌,其特征在于,表达SEQ ID NO.1所示的突变体或SEQ ID NO.3所示的蔗糖磷酸化酶基因。
6.根据权利要求5所述的基因工程菌,其特征在于,以大肠杆菌为宿主,以pET系列的质粒为载体。
7.含有权利要求1所述蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体的酶制剂,或含有权利要求4所述微生物细胞的生物催化剂。
8.一种生产2-O-α-D-甘油葡糖苷的方法,其特征在于,以蔗糖和甘油,或含蔗糖和甘油的溶液为底物,以权利要求7所述的酶制剂或生物催化剂进行催化反应。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,
以酶制剂进行催化的情况下,按700-1000U/mol蔗糖的剂量将蔗糖磷酸化酶作为催化剂,加入至含蔗糖和甘油的环境中进行反应;所述蔗糖与甘油的摩尔比为1:2.5;
以生物催化剂进行催化的情况下,以表达所述蔗糖磷酸化酶的细胞作为催化剂,按25-35OD600/mol蔗糖的比例将所述细胞添加至含蔗糖和甘油的环境中进行反应;所述蔗糖与甘油的摩尔比为1:2.5。
10.权利要求1所述的蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体,或权利要求5或6所述的基因工程菌在食品、保健品或化妆品领域中的应用。
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Cited By (4)
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CN110734899A (zh) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-31 | 江南大学 | 一种酶活提高的蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体及其构建方法和应用 |
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CN116987684A (zh) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-11-03 | 浙江赞源生物技术有限公司 | 蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体及其在制备甘油葡糖苷中的应用 |
CN116987684B (zh) * | 2023-08-08 | 2024-04-26 | 浙江赞源生物技术有限公司 | 蔗糖磷酸化酶突变体及其在制备甘油葡糖苷中的应用 |
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