CN111642720A - 一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法 - Google Patents
一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111642720A CN111642720A CN202010740553.6A CN202010740553A CN111642720A CN 111642720 A CN111642720 A CN 111642720A CN 202010740553 A CN202010740553 A CN 202010740553A CN 111642720 A CN111642720 A CN 111642720A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pear
- extraction
- red yeast
- monascus
- flavor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229940026314 red yeast rice Drugs 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 241000228347 Monascus <ascomycete fungus> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000015206 pear juice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229940057059 monascus purpureus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940023462 paste product Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011218 seed culture Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010563 solid-state fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 62
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical group O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000693079 Maloideae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010068319 Oropharyngeal pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000007100 Pharyngitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220222 Rosaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930000044 secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L21/00—Marmalades, jams, jellies or the like; Products from apiculture; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L21/10—Marmalades; Jams; Jellies; Other similar fruit or vegetable compositions; Simulated fruit products
- A23L21/15—Marmalades; Jams; Jellies; Other similar fruit or vegetable compositions; Simulated fruit products derived from fruit or vegetable juices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/40—Colouring or decolouring of foods
- A23L5/42—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners
- A23L5/46—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners using dyes or pigments of microbial or algal origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/145—Fungal isolates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P1/00—Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C12P3/00 - C12P39/00, by using microorganisms or enzymes
- C12P1/02—Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C12P3/00 - C12P39/00, by using microorganisms or enzymes by using fungi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
本发明开发了一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法,以新鲜梨果实为原料,经过榨汁、高压脉冲电场处理、梨渣红曲发酵、红曲色素提取、梨膏熬制、调配、杀菌和灌装制得红曲梨膏产品。本发明制作红曲梨膏产品,采用高压脉冲电场及时处理新鲜梨汁,避免了梨汁的酶促褐变;添加超临界萃取得到的红曲色素,产品色泽鲜艳,无普通红曲色素的苦涩味,产品的色泽和风味都得到了优化。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工技术领域,涉及一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法。
背景技术
梨为被子植物门双子叶植物纲蔷薇科苹果亚科落叶乔木或灌木,其果实不仅味美汁多,甜中带酸,而且营养丰富,含有多种维生素和纤维素,是我国常见的一种水果。梨既可生食,也可蒸煮后食用;在医疗功效上,梨可以通便秘,利消化,对心血管也有好处。梨在我国有着普遍的消费人群和相对稳定的消费市场。
梨膏是我国的一道传统的药膳饮品,以梨为主要原料,配以其它止咳、祛痰、生津、润肺的药食同源材料,精心熬制而成。梨膏富含营养成分,并且具有多种对人体健康有益的活性物质,其中包括蛋白质、维生素C、总酚、还原糖以及多种药效成分,润肺止咳,生津利咽。
红曲色素,又名红曲红,是一种由红曲霉属的丝状真菌经发酵而成的优质的天然食用色素,是红曲霉的次级代谢产物。目前,红曲色素通常由红曲霉的大米发酵产物,经过提取、浓缩、精制而成。由于红曲霉菌带有苦味,采用常规方法提取的红曲色素,会略有苦味。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的,本发明提供的技术方案是:一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法,包括下列步骤:
步骤1:将梨子清洗、去皮、去核,制得梨果肉;将梨果肉在0-25℃条件下,榨汁后进行过滤,分别收集滤渣和滤液,滤渣即为梨渣、滤液即为梨汁;
步骤2:对梨汁采用高压脉冲电场处理,工艺条件为:电场强度45-55kV/cm、脉冲频率3.5-4.5KHz、处理时间50-10min;
步骤3:向红曲霉菌种保藏斜面上加入无菌水,用接种铲将斜面上的孢子刮下,制成菌种悬液;按2.5-5%的接种量将菌种悬液接入灭菌后的液体种子培养基中,在温度30-35℃、转速100-200r/min的摇床中培养4-6d,得到红曲霉液体种子;将红曲霉液体种子按0.25-2.5%的接种量接入固体培养基中后混合均匀,然后在洁净度1万级环境中,将接种红曲霉液体种子的固体培养基平铺成厚度3-6cm的平层,在环境温度25-30℃、通气量为每小时固体培养基体积的25-50倍的培养条件下,固态发酵5-7d,得到固体发酵产物;将步骤1制得的梨渣采用121℃的饱和蒸汽灭菌15-20min,降温至室温后得到固体培养基;
步骤4:将固体发酵产物放入超临界萃取设备的萃取釜中,进行连续2次萃取操作,收集萃取产物,萃取产物即为红曲色素;所述连续2次萃取操作,第一次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力25-30Mpa、萃取温度45.0±0.3℃、萃取时间30-60min;第二次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力30-35Mpa、萃取温度50.0±0.3℃、萃取时间30-60min;
步骤5:将梨汁加热至沸腾并保温熬煮,至梨汁呈膏状得到梨膏;
步骤6:将梨膏和红曲色素按质量比100:0.25-1.50混合,搅拌均匀,然后采用25-40Mpa高压均质处理,收集高压均质后的物料;
步骤7:将高压均质后的物料在真空表压-0.08~-0.10MPa的环境中,脱气3-5min,然后对脱气后的物料进行高温瞬时杀菌,灌装后即得色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏产品。
优选的技术方案为:所述液体种子培养基的原料配方由下列质量比例的原料组成:15-20%的米粉、5%的葡萄糖、2.5%的牛肉浸膏、0.8%的蛋白胨、0.5%的硝酸钠、0.25%的氯化钠、0.1%的硫酸锌、0.1%的硫酸镁,余量为纯化水。
优选的技术方案为:所述梨膏的可溶性固形物含量为70%-85%。
由于上述技术方案运用,本发明与现有技术相比具有的优点是:
1、本发明采用高压脉冲电场及时处理新鲜梨汁,避免了梨汁的酶促褐变。
2、本发明以梨渣为原料,通过固态发酵制备红曲固体发酵产物,充分利用了梨渣资源。
3、本发明采用超临界萃取红曲固体发酵产物的方法提取红曲色素,红曲色素的色泽鲜艳,同时无普通红曲色素的苦涩味。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式,熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
实施例1:一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法
一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法,其特征在于,包括以下技术步骤。
(1)制备梨汁和梨渣
梨原料为新鲜、饱满、无霉变、无虫害和机械伤的梨果实。优选的,梨原料为有机果蔬种植标准种植的,成熟度七至八成的砀山酥梨果实。
将梨原料清洗、去皮、去核,制得梨果肉;将梨果肉在10℃温度下,采用带式榨汁机压滤处理,分别收集滤渣和滤液,滤渣即为梨渣、滤液即为梨汁。所述的带式压榨机压榨级数为12-14级,压榨强度为1.1-1.3Mpa,滤网孔径为100-200目。
(2)梨汁高压脉冲电场处理
在常温下,将(1)中梨汁采用高压脉冲电场处理,工艺条件为:电场强度50kV/cm、脉冲频率4KHz、处理时间75min。
(3)红曲霉固态发酵梨渣
制备红曲种子液。向红曲霉菌种保藏斜面中加入适量无菌水,用接种铲将斜面中的孢子刮掉,制成菌种悬液;按3.5%的接种量将菌种悬液接入灭菌后的液体种子培养基中,在温度32℃、转速150r/min的摇床中培养5d,得到红曲霉液体种子。液体种子培养基配方为:17%米粉、5%葡萄糖、2.5%牛肉浸膏、0.8%蛋白胨、0.5%硝酸钠、0.25%氯化钠、0.1%硫酸锌、0.1%硫酸镁,其余为食品级纯化水,共计质量分数为100%。
配制固体培养基。将(1)中梨渣采用121℃饱和蒸汽灭菌15-20min,然后降温至室温,得到固体培养基。
固态发酵。将红曲种子液按0.1.5%的比例,接入固体培养基中,在洁净度1万级环境中,充分翻动混合均匀;将接种红曲种子液后的固体培养基,平铺成厚度3-6cm的平层,在洁净度1万级、环境温度25-30℃、通气量为每小时固体培养基体积的25-50倍的培养条件下,固态发酵6d。
(4)超临界提取红曲色素
将(3)中固体发酵产物,放入超临界萃取设备的萃取釜中,进行连续2次萃取操作,收集萃取产物,萃取产物即为红曲色素,备用。所述的连续3次萃取操作,第一次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力28Mpa、萃取温度45.0℃、萃取时间45min;第二次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力32Mpa、萃取温度50.0℃、萃取时间45min。所述的超临界萃取设备,为二氧化碳超临界萃取设备。
(5)熬制梨膏
将梨汁放入熬煮设备中,加热至沸腾并保温熬煮,至梨汁呈膏状,其中可溶性固形物含量为72%,得到梨膏,备用。
(6)调配
将(5)中梨膏、(4)中红曲色素按质量比100:0.75混合,充分搅拌均匀,然后采用30Mpa高压均质处理,收集高压均质后的物料,备用。
(7)灌装与杀菌
UHT杀菌。将(6)中高压均质后的物料采用真空表压-0.09MPa的真空条件脱气4min,然后将脱气后的物料采用参数为温度125-145℃、时间5-15s的高温瞬时杀菌(UHT杀菌)。
包装。将UHT杀菌后的物料,采用密闭管道换热降温,在10min内降温至40℃以下,然后无菌或洁净灌装,得到色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏产品。
发明方法制作红曲梨膏产品,采用高压脉冲电场及时处理新鲜梨汁,避免了梨汁的酶促褐变;添加超临界萃取得到的红曲色泽,产品色泽鲜艳,无普通红曲色素的苦涩味,产品的色泽和风味都得到了优化。
实施例2:一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法
一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法,包括下列步骤:
步骤1:将梨子清洗、去皮、去核,制得梨果肉;将梨果肉在0℃条件下,榨汁后进行过滤,分别收集滤渣和滤液,滤渣即为梨渣、滤液即为梨汁;
步骤2:对梨汁采用高压脉冲电场处理,工艺条件为:电场强度45kV/cm、脉冲频率3.5KHz、处理时间50min;
步骤3:向红曲霉菌种保藏斜面上加入无菌水,用接种铲将斜面上的孢子刮下,制成菌种悬液;按2.5%的接种量将菌种悬液接入灭菌后的液体种子培养基中,在温度30℃、转速100r/min的摇床中培养4d,得到红曲霉液体种子;将红曲霉液体种子按0.25%的接种量接入固体培养基中后混合均匀,然后在洁净度1万级环境中,将接种红曲霉液体种子的固体培养基平铺成厚度3cm的平层,在环境温度25℃、通气量为每小时固体培养基体积的25倍的培养条件下,固态发酵5d,得到固体发酵产物;将步骤1制得的梨渣采用121℃的饱和蒸汽灭菌15min,降温至室温后得到固体培养基;
步骤4:将固体发酵产物放入超临界萃取设备的萃取釜中,进行连续2次萃取操作,收集萃取产物,萃取产物即为红曲色素;所述连续2次萃取操作,第一次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力25Mpa、萃取温度44.7℃、萃取时间30min;第二次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力30Mpa、萃取温度49.7℃、萃取时间30min;
步骤5:将梨汁加热至沸腾并保温熬煮,至梨汁呈膏状得到梨膏;
步骤6:将梨膏和红曲色素按质量比100:0.25混合,搅拌均匀,然后采用25Mpa高压均质处理,收集高压均质后的物料;
步骤7:将高压均质后的物料在真空表压-0.08MPa的环境中,脱气3min,然后对脱气后的物料进行高温瞬时杀菌,灌装后即得色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏产品。
优选的实施方式为:所述液体种子培养基的原料配方由下列质量比例的原料组成:15%的米粉、5%的葡萄糖、2.5%的牛肉浸膏、0.8%的蛋白胨、0.5%的硝酸钠、0.25%的氯化钠、0.1%的硫酸锌、0.1%的硫酸镁,余量为纯化水。
优选的实施方式为:所述梨膏的可溶性固形物含量为70%。
实施例3:一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法
一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法,包括下列步骤:
步骤1:将梨子清洗、去皮、去核,制得梨果肉;将梨果肉在25℃条件下,榨汁后进行过滤,分别收集滤渣和滤液,滤渣即为梨渣、滤液即为梨汁;
步骤2:对梨汁采用高压脉冲电场处理,工艺条件为:电场强度55kV/cm、脉冲频率4.5KHz、处理时间10min;
步骤3:向红曲霉菌种保藏斜面上加入无菌水,用接种铲将斜面上的孢子刮下,制成菌种悬液;按5%的接种量将菌种悬液接入灭菌后的液体种子培养基中,在温度35℃、转速200r/min的摇床中培养6d,得到红曲霉液体种子;将红曲霉液体种子按2.5%的接种量接入固体培养基中后混合均匀,然后在洁净度1万级环境中,将接种红曲霉液体种子的固体培养基平铺成厚度6cm的平层,在环境温度30℃、通气量为每小时固体培养基体积的50倍的培养条件下,固态发酵7d,得到固体发酵产物;将步骤1制得的梨渣采用121℃的饱和蒸汽灭菌20min,降温至室温后得到固体培养基;
步骤4:将固体发酵产物放入超临界萃取设备的萃取釜中,进行连续2次萃取操作,收集萃取产物,萃取产物即为红曲色素;所述连续2次萃取操作,第一次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力30Mpa、萃取温度45.3℃、萃取时间60min;第二次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力35Mpa、萃取温度50.3℃、萃取时间60min;
步骤5:将梨汁加热至沸腾并保温熬煮,至梨汁呈膏状得到梨膏;
步骤6:将梨膏和红曲色素按质量比100:1.50混合,搅拌均匀,然后采用40Mpa高压均质处理,收集高压均质后的物料;
步骤7:将高压均质后的物料在真空表压-0.10MPa的环境中,脱气5min,然后对脱气后的物料进行高温瞬时杀菌,灌装后即得色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏产品。
优选的实施方式为:所述液体种子培养基的原料配方由下列质量比例的原料组成: 20%的米粉、5%的葡萄糖、2.5%的牛肉浸膏、0.8%的蛋白胨、0.5%的硝酸钠、0.25%的氯化钠、0.1%的硫酸锌、0.1%的硫酸镁,余量为纯化水。
优选的实施方式为:所述梨膏的可溶性固形物含量为85%。
以上所述者仅为用以解释本发明之较佳实施例,并非企图具以对本发明做任何形式上之限制,是以,凡有在相同之发明精神下所作有关本发明之任何修饰或变更,皆仍应包括在本发明意图保护之范畴。
Claims (3)
1.一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法,其特征在于:包括下列步骤:
步骤1:将梨子清洗、去皮、去核,制得梨果肉;将梨果肉在0-25℃条件下,榨汁后进行过滤,分别收集滤渣和滤液,滤渣即为梨渣、滤液即为梨汁;
步骤2:对梨汁采用高压脉冲电场处理,工艺条件为:电场强度45-55kV/cm、脉冲频率3.5-4.5KHz、处理时间50-10min;
步骤3:向红曲霉菌种保藏斜面上加入无菌水,用接种铲将斜面上的孢子刮下,制成菌种悬液;按2.5-5%的接种量将菌种悬液接入灭菌后的液体种子培养基中,在温度30-35℃、转速100-200r/min的摇床中培养4-6d,得到红曲霉液体种子;将红曲霉液体种子按0.25-2.5%的接种量接入固体培养基中后混合均匀,然后在洁净度1万级环境中,将接种红曲霉液体种子的固体培养基平铺成厚度3-6cm的平层,在环境温度25-30℃、通气量为每小时固体培养基体积的25-50倍的培养条件下,固态发酵5-7d,得到固体发酵产物;将步骤1制得的梨渣采用121℃的饱和蒸汽灭菌15-20min,降温至室温后得到固体培养基;
步骤4:将固体发酵产物放入超临界萃取设备的萃取釜中,进行连续2次萃取操作,收集萃取产物,萃取产物即为红曲色素;所述连续2次萃取操作,第一次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力25-30Mpa、萃取温度45.0±0.3℃、萃取时间30-60min;第二次萃取的工艺参数为:萃取压力30-35Mpa、萃取温度50.0±0.3℃、萃取时间30-60min;
步骤5:将梨汁加热至沸腾并保温熬煮,至梨汁呈膏状得到梨膏;
步骤6:将梨膏和红曲色素按质量比100:0.25-1.50混合,搅拌均匀,然后采用25-40Mpa高压均质处理,收集高压均质后的物料;
步骤7:将高压均质后的物料在真空表压-0.08~-0.10MPa的环境中,脱气3-5min,然后对脱气后的物料进行高温瞬时杀菌,灌装后即得色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法,其特征在于:所述液体种子培养基的原料配方由下列质量比例的原料组成:15-20%的米粉、5%的葡萄糖、2.5%的牛肉浸膏、0.8%的蛋白胨、0.5%的硝酸钠、0.25%的氯化钠、0.1%的硫酸锌、0.1%的硫酸镁,余量为纯化水。
3.根据权利要求1所述的色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法,其特征在于:所述梨膏的可溶性固形物含量为70%-85%。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010740553.6A CN111642720A (zh) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | 一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010740553.6A CN111642720A (zh) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | 一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111642720A true CN111642720A (zh) | 2020-09-11 |
Family
ID=72346331
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010740553.6A Pending CN111642720A (zh) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | 一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111642720A (zh) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106942661A (zh) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-14 | 合肥工业大学 | 利用果渣生产红色素和可溶性膳食纤维的方法 |
CN110338384A (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-18 | 仪征聚贤生态农业有限公司 | 一种梨膏的制备方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-07-29 CN CN202010740553.6A patent/CN111642720A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106942661A (zh) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-14 | 合肥工业大学 | 利用果渣生产红色素和可溶性膳食纤维的方法 |
CN110338384A (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-18 | 仪征聚贤生态农业有限公司 | 一种梨膏的制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106721717B (zh) | 一种含有高水溶性膳食纤维红枣汁或红枣浓缩清汁的制备工艺 | |
CN101283792B (zh) | 一种功能性山药酶解液的制备方法 | |
CN103865748B (zh) | 牛蒡醋的酿造工艺 | |
CN105410860A (zh) | 一种石斛甜菊酱油的制作方法 | |
CN104187930B (zh) | 一种苦笋汁饮料及其制备方法 | |
CN103146560A (zh) | 一种保健醋及其制备方法 | |
CN103451063A (zh) | 一种余甘子果酒的酿造方法 | |
CN102787049A (zh) | 一种瓜罐曲的制作及应用方法 | |
CN105950427A (zh) | 一种海枣沙果醋的酿造工艺 | |
CN109090404A (zh) | 一种红枣竹笋乳酸发酵果粒饮料及其制备方法 | |
CN104286177A (zh) | 一种南瓜红豆酸奶的制作方法 | |
CN107279639A (zh) | 一种黑老虎保健复合饮料 | |
CN111743065A (zh) | 一种天冬芦笋饮料及其制备方法 | |
CN111642720A (zh) | 一种色泽和风味优化的红曲梨膏的制作方法 | |
CN107125529A (zh) | 人参果果醋饮料的制作方法 | |
CN110506877B (zh) | 一种陈皮风味发酵饮料的制备方法 | |
CN107435013A (zh) | 一种蛋黄果保健姜酒的酿制方法 | |
CN112515067A (zh) | 一种植物多酚和花青素低损失的石榴汁的加工方法 | |
CN106858245A (zh) | 一种天花粉饮料的制备方法 | |
CN113243511A (zh) | 一种金汤复合调味料及其制作方法 | |
CN111938045A (zh) | 一种枇杷梨复合果肉饮料的制作方法 | |
CN111642663A (zh) | 一种鲜梨完全利用的膳食纤维红曲梨饮料加工方法 | |
CN107129922A (zh) | 山药豆醋的酿造方法 | |
CN108902950A (zh) | 一种野生菜蔬酵素饮料及制备方法 | |
CN108728298A (zh) | 一种酸浆果保健酒的制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200911 |