CN111574297A - Special biochar-based fertilizer for cinnamomum camphora trees and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special biochar-based fertilizer for cinnamomum camphora trees and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111574297A CN111574297A CN202010349695.XA CN202010349695A CN111574297A CN 111574297 A CN111574297 A CN 111574297A CN 202010349695 A CN202010349695 A CN 202010349695A CN 111574297 A CN111574297 A CN 111574297A
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- cinnamomum camphora
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229960000411 camphor oil Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010624 camphor oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011849 charcoal-based material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000004263 Ocotea pretiosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000235646 Cyberlindnera jadinii Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940038879 chelated zinc Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000227633 Ocotea pretiosa Species 0.000 claims 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 7
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000205625 Sassafras Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Geraniol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940025250 camphora Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000010238 camphora Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTPMCWYIRHLEGM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 1-[(e)-2-propylsulfonylethenyl]sulfonylpropane Chemical compound CCCS(=O)(=O)\C=C\S(=O)(=O)CCC YTPMCWYIRHLEGM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIJYXULNPSFWEK-GTOFXWBISA-N 3beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)C[C@H]5C4=CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C MIJYXULNPSFWEK-GTOFXWBISA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKLISIRFYWXLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epioleonolsaeure Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)CC5C4CCC3C21C JKLISIRFYWXLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000218195 Lauraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235395 Mucor Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001149951 Mucor mucedo Species 0.000 description 1
- GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-JXMROGBWSA-N Nerol Natural products CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBRJHZPWOMJYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleanolic acid Natural products CC1(C)CC2C3=CCC4C5(C)CCC(O)C(C)(C)C5CCC4(C)C3(C)CCC2(C1)C(=O)O YBRJHZPWOMJYKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIJYXULNPSFWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleanolinsaeure Natural products C1CC(O)C(C)(C)C2CCC3(C)C4(C)CCC5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)CC5C4=CCC3C21C MIJYXULNPSFWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001518143 Polypodium <fern> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000592344 Spermatophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000846 camphor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930008380 camphor Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940038031 nitrogen 10 % Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940100243 oleanolic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HZLWUYJLOIAQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N prosapogenin PS-A Natural products C12CC(C)(C)CCC2(C(O)=O)CCC(C2(CCC3C4(C)C)C)(C)C1=CCC2C3(C)CCC4OC1OCC(O)C(O)C1O HZLWUYJLOIAQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special biological carbon-based fertilizer for cinnamomum camphora trees and a preparation method thereof, wherein the carbon-based fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of organic fertilizer, 5-15 parts of charcoal-based material, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-5 parts of microbial fertilizer and 0.1-0.3 part of trace elements; the carbon-based fertilizer is prepared by compounding various nutrient elements required by the synthesis of camphor tree growth habit and camphor oil according to targeted selection of raw materials; the carbon-based fertilizer not only can provide various required nutrient elements for the growth of the cinnamomum camphora tree, but also can promote the generation of the cinnamomum camphora oil, thereby improving the content of the cinnamomum camphora oil in the cinnamomum camphora tree and being beneficial to the large-scale artificial planting of the cinnamomum camphora tree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular relates to a special biochar-based fertilizer for sassafras trees and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cinnamomum camphora is a plant belonging to Lauraceae and belonging to evergreen arbor; the bark is gray, the branch is cylindrical, hairless, the twig is fine, the leaf is alternate, the bark is oval or elliptical, the tip is suddenly short and gradually sharp to long and gradually sharp, the upper surface is dark green, bright, the lower surface is grey green, dark, the two surfaces are hairless, the leaf stalk is flat and back convex, light green, the cone inflorescence axillary, is fine, the branch is fine and weak, each branch is 3-7 flowers of the polypodium, the shaft is hairless, the flower is light yellow, the fragrance is provided, the stalk is fine, the flower quilt barrel is inverted cone-shaped, the flower quilt is oval, the filament is white and soft, the filament is glandless, the anther is long round, the ovary is oval, and the shape of the young fruit is spherical. The shape of Cinnamomum camphora is similar to that of Cinnamomum camphora, and Cinnamomum camphora oil can be extracted from roots, branches, leaves and wood of Cinnamomum camphora. Testing oleum Camphora by Chengdu biological research institute of Chinese academy of sciences to obtain 26 components, wherein the main ingredients comprise 58.55% of oleanolic acid, 25.43% of terpineol, 14.16% of stewed alkene, Borneolum Syntheticum, Camphora, nerol, etc. The components are rare raw materials in the aspects of national defense, light industry, spice, medicine, food industry, military industry and the like. Along with the continuous expansion of the application field of the cinnamomum camphora oil, the cinnamomum camphora oil is required to be increased continuously, and the cinnamomum camphora is planted manually on a large scale, but in the prior art, a special fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora does not exist, and although the general fertilizer can accelerate the growth speed of the cinnamomum camphora and shorten the growth period, the cinnamomum camphora oil content in the cinnamomum camphora can be reduced, and the fertilizer is not beneficial to the large-scale manual planting of the cinnamomum camphora industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of low oil content in the prior artificially planted cinnamomum camphora trees, and provides a special biochar base fertilizer for cinnamomum camphora trees and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biochar base fertilizer is prepared by compounding various nutrient elements required by cinnamomum camphora tree growth habit and camphor oil synthesis according to pertinence selection raw materials; the carbon-based fertilizer not only can provide various required nutrient elements for the growth of the cinnamomum camphora tree, but also can promote the generation of the cinnamomum camphora oil, thereby improving the content of the cinnamomum camphora oil in the cinnamomum camphora tree and being beneficial to the large-scale artificial planting of the cinnamomum camphora tree.
The special biological carbon base fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora trees comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of organic fertilizer, 5-15 parts of charcoal-based material, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-5 parts of microbial fertilizer and 0.1-0.3 part of trace elements.
The special biochar base fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora trees is prepared by mixing, decomposing and fermenting 30-50 parts of plant straws and 20-30 parts of camphor tree oil extraction waste materials, contains rich organic matters, can provide all nutrient elements required by the growth of the cinnamomum camphora trees, and can improve and promote the synthesis of camphor oil in the cinnamomum camphora trees and increase the content of camphor oil.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting the following process steps:
(a) respectively crushing the raw materials and uniformly mixing;
(b) inoculating zymophyte in the mixed raw materials, and performing aerobic and anaerobic two-stage composting fermentation;
(c) drying, crushing and sieving the fermented raw materials to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Wherein, the granularity of the crushed raw materials in the step a is controlled to be 0.5-2.0cm, the smaller the granularity is, the faster the fermentation speed is, and the better the fermentation effect is; however, the particle size is too small, which is not favorable for air circulation and aerobic fermentation.
Wherein, the humidity of aerobic fermentation in the step c is controlled to be 30-40%, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 50-65 ℃, and the fermentation time is 8-15 d; controlling the humidity of anaerobic fermentation to be 40-50%, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 40-45 ℃ and controlling the fermentation time to be 8-12 d; the fermentation is carried out in the fermentation humidity, temperature and time, the fermentation effect is good, the content of soluble organic matters in the product is high, and the rapid absorption of the cinnamomum camphora is facilitated.
The biochar-based material is biomass charcoal, and is a porous solid particulate matter which is highly aromatic and rich in carbon and is generated by pyrolysis of carbon-rich biomass under the condition of no oxygen or oxygen deficiency. The biochar-based material can drain water and ventilate, improve the air permeability and water permeability of soil, enhance the respiration of the roots of the cinnamomum camphora trees, accelerate the absorption of nutrient substances, increase the growth speed of the cinnamomum camphora trees, and is also beneficial to the synthesis of the cinnamomum camphora oil.
The inorganic fertilizer is formed by mixing soluble inorganic salt, and can provide nutrient elements for the growth of the cinnamomum camphora.
The humic acid is acidic, can neutralize and adjust the acid-base property of the soil, improves the soil environment, enables the soil to be more suitable for the growth of the cinnamomum camphora tree, and can provide required nutrient elements for the cinnamomum camphora tree.
Wherein the microbial fertilizer comprises candida utilis (Candidautilis), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and mucor mucedo (mucor) in a mass ratio of 2-3: 2: 1-2: 3-4; the biological bacterial fertilizer can improve soil, improve ventilation effect, improve the state of insufficient oxygen at the root of the cinnamomum camphora plant, decompose organic matters into substances which are easy to absorb at the root, promote the absorption and inhibition of the plant on nutrient substances, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and increase the disease resistance of the cinnamomum camphora tree; can also secrete various biological hormones to promote the cinnamomum camphora trees to synthesize the cinnamomum camphora oil and provide the content of the cinnamomum camphora oil in the cinnamomum camphora trees. Preferably, the mass ratio of the candida utilis to the bacillus subtilis to the lactobacillus and the trichoderma in the microbial fertilizer is 2: 1: 3.
Wherein the trace elements comprise the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of chelated zinc, 3-5 parts of chelated iron, 2-4 parts of chelated copper, 2-4 parts of boric acid, 1-2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-2 parts of chelated nickel and 0.5-1 part of chelated selenium. The trace elements can promote the growth of camphor and the synthesis of camphor oil, and are favorable for improving the camphor oil content in the artificially planted camphor trees.
Wherein, the carbon-based fertilizer also comprises 2-5 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of calcium powder and 5-10 parts of nitrogenized starch adhesive; the raw materials are beneficial to forming of the carbon-based fertilizer, and can promote the respiration of roots and the absorption of camphor trees to nutrient substances.
Wherein, preferably, the content of nitrogen in the carbon-based fertilizer is controlled to be 18-22%, the content of phosphorus is controlled to be 6-8%, the content of potassium is controlled to be 7-9%, the content of carbon is controlled to be 5-7%, and the content of trace elements is controlled to be 0.1-0.3%; the preferable carbon-based fertilizer is composed of various nutrient elements, can promote the growth of camphor trees and the synthesis of camphor oil, and is favorable for improving the camphor oil content in artificially planted camphor trees.
Further, in order to achieve the purpose, the invention also provides a preparation method of the special biochar base fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora, which comprises the following process steps:
(1) respectively preparing an organic fertilizer, an inorganic fertilizer, a biomass carbon-based material, trace elements, humic acid and a microbial fertilizer according to the formula requirements;
(2) according to the proportion of the raw materials, the raw materials are respectively weighed and then uniformly mixed, and then the special biochar-based fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora is obtained through granulation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the special biological carbon-based fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora contains a microbial fertilizer formed by combining a plurality of microorganisms, can improve soil, improve ventilation effect and the state of insufficient oxygen at the root of the cinnamomum camphora plant, can decompose organic matters into substances which are easy to absorb at the root, promotes the absorption inhibition of the plant on nutrient substances, can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, and increases the disease resistance of the cinnamomum camphora; can also secrete various biological hormones, promote the cinnamomum camphora trees to synthesize the camphor oil and improve the content of the camphor oil in the cinnamomum camphora trees.
2. The special biochar-based fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora trees optimizes the composition of organic matters, contains a large amount of organic matters and all kinds of nutrient elements required by plants, meets the requirements of the cinnamomum camphora trees at all stages of growth, promotes the cinnamomum camphora trees to synthesize the cinnamomum camphora oil, and improves the content of the cinnamomum camphora trees.
3. The preparation method of the special biochar base fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora is simple in process, low in cost and stable in product quality, and is suitable for industrial and large-scale production of the special biochar base fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Organic fertilizer: respectively crushing 40 parts of plant straws and 25 parts of camphor oil extraction waste materials, and then uniformly mixing; inoculating zymocyte in the mixed raw materials, and performing aerobic fermentation for 12d under the conditions of 35% of humidity and 55 ℃; anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 9 days under the conditions that the humidity is 45% and the temperature is 43 ℃; drying, crushing and sieving the fermented raw materials to obtain organic fertilizer; inorganic fertilizer: is prepared by mixing potassium perphosphate, ammonium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate; and (3) microbial fertilizer: is prepared by mixing Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 2: 1: 4; trace elements: the material is prepared by mixing 5 parts of chelated zinc, 4 parts of chelated iron, 3 parts of chelated copper, 3 parts of boric acid, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of chelated nickel and 0.5 part of chelated selenium;
(2) according to the ratio of the raw materials, respectively weighing 30 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of biochar-based material, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of microbial fertilizer, 0.2 part of trace elements and 5 parts of clay, uniformly mixing, and then granulating to obtain the special biochar-based fertilizer for the sassafras.
Example 2
(1) Organic fertilizer: respectively crushing 50 parts of plant straws and 20 parts of camphor oil extraction waste materials, and then uniformly mixing; inoculating zymophyte into the mixed raw material, and performing aerobic fermentation for 15d under the conditions of humidity of 40% and temperature of 50 ℃; anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 12 days under the conditions that the humidity is 40% and the temperature is 45 ℃; drying, crushing and sieving the fermented raw materials to obtain organic fertilizer; inorganic fertilizer: is prepared by mixing potassium perphosphate, ammonium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate; and (3) microbial fertilizer: is prepared by mixing Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 2: 1: 3; trace elements: the material is prepared by mixing 4 parts of chelated zinc, 5 parts of chelated iron, 4 parts of chelated copper, 2 parts of boric acid, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of chelated nickel and 1 part of chelated selenium;
(2) according to the raw material ratio, respectively weighing 40 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of biochar-based material, 20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of microbial fertilizer, 0.1 part of trace elements, 5 parts of clay and 10 parts of calcium powder, uniformly mixing, and then granulating to obtain the special biochar-based fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora.
Example 3
(1) Organic fertilizer: respectively crushing 30 parts of plant straws and 30 parts of camphor oil extraction waste materials, and then uniformly mixing; inoculating zymocyte in the mixed raw materials, and performing aerobic fermentation for 8 days under the conditions of humidity of 40% and temperature of 65 ℃; anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 8 days under the conditions that the humidity is 50% and the temperature is 40 ℃; drying, crushing and sieving the fermented raw materials to obtain organic fertilizer; inorganic fertilizer: is prepared by mixing potassium perphosphate, ammonium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate; and (3) microbial fertilizer: is prepared by mixing Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 3: 2: 4; trace elements: the alloy is formed by mixing 6 parts of chelated zinc, 5 parts of chelated iron, 2 parts of chelated copper, 2 parts of boric acid, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of chelated nickel and 1 part of chelated selenium;
(2) according to the ratio of the raw materials, respectively weighing 25 parts of organic fertilizer, 5 parts of biochar-based material, 20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of microbial fertilizer, 0.3 part of trace elements and 8 parts of starch nitride adhesive, uniformly mixing, and then granulating to obtain the special biochar-based fertilizer for the sassafras.
Example 4
(1) Organic fertilizer: respectively crushing 40 parts of plant straws and 25 parts of camphor oil extraction waste materials, and then uniformly mixing; inoculating zymophyte into the mixed raw material, and performing aerobic fermentation for 15d under the conditions of humidity of 30% and temperature of 50 ℃; anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 12d under the conditions that the humidity is 50% and the temperature is 40 ℃; drying, crushing and sieving the fermented raw materials to obtain organic fertilizer; inorganic fertilizer: is prepared by mixing potassium perphosphate, ammonium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate; and (3) microbial fertilizer: is prepared by mixing Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 3: 2: 1: 4; trace elements: the material is prepared by mixing 4 parts of chelated zinc, 5 parts of chelated iron, 2-4 parts of chelated copper, 2 parts of boric acid, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of chelated nickel and 1 part of chelated selenium;
(2) according to the raw material ratio, respectively weighing 40 parts of organic fertilizer, 5 parts of biochar-based material, 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of microbial fertilizer, 0.3 part of trace element, 5 parts of clay, 5 parts of calcium powder and 10 parts of starch nitride adhesive, uniformly mixing, and then granulating to obtain the special biochar-based fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora.
Comparative example 1
(1) Organic fertilizer: respectively crushing 40 parts of plant straws and 25 parts of camphor oil extraction waste materials, and then uniformly mixing; inoculating zymocyte in the mixed raw materials, and performing aerobic fermentation for 12d under the conditions of 35% of humidity and 55 ℃; anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 9 days under the conditions that the humidity is 45% and the temperature is 43 ℃; drying, crushing and sieving the fermented raw materials to obtain organic fertilizer; inorganic fertilizer: is prepared by mixing potassium perphosphate, ammonium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate; trace elements: the material is prepared by mixing 5 parts of chelated zinc, 4 parts of chelated iron, 3 parts of chelated copper, 3 parts of boric acid, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of chelated nickel and 0.5 part of chelated selenium;
(2) according to the proportion of the raw materials, respectively weighing 30 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of biochar-based material, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid, 0.2 part of trace elements and 5 parts of clay, uniformly mixing, and then granulating to obtain the special biochar-based fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora.
Comparative example 2
(1) Organic fertilizer: respectively crushing 40 parts of plant straws and 25 parts of human and animal excreta, and then uniformly mixing; inoculating zymocyte in the mixed raw materials, and performing aerobic fermentation for 12d under the conditions of 35% of humidity and 55 ℃; anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 9 days under the conditions that the humidity is 45% and the temperature is 43 ℃; drying, crushing and sieving the fermented raw materials to obtain organic fertilizer; inorganic fertilizer: is prepared by mixing potassium perphosphate, ammonium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate; and (3) microbial fertilizer: is prepared by mixing Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 2: 1: 4; trace elements: the material is prepared by mixing 5 parts of chelated zinc, 4 parts of chelated iron, 3 parts of chelated copper, 3 parts of boric acid, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of chelated nickel and 0.5 part of chelated selenium;
(2) according to the ratio of the raw materials, respectively weighing 30 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of biochar-based material, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of microbial fertilizer, 0.2 part of trace elements and 5 parts of clay, uniformly mixing, and then granulating to obtain the special biochar-based fertilizer for the sassafras.
Comparative example 3
(1) Organic fertilizer: respectively crushing 40 parts of plant straws and 25 parts of camphor oil extraction waste materials, and uniformly mixing to obtain an organic fertilizer; inorganic fertilizer: is prepared by mixing potassium perphosphate, ammonium sulfate and monopotassium phosphate; and (3) microbial fertilizer: is prepared by mixing Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 2: 1: 4; trace elements: the material is prepared by mixing 5 parts of chelated zinc, 4 parts of chelated iron, 3 parts of chelated copper, 3 parts of boric acid, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of chelated nickel and 0.5 part of chelated selenium;
(2) according to the ratio of the raw materials, respectively weighing 30 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of biochar-based material, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of microbial fertilizer, 0.2 part of trace elements and 5 parts of clay, uniformly mixing, and then granulating to obtain the special biochar-based fertilizer for the sassafras.
Experimental example:
blank example: no agricultural fertilizer is applied; comparative example 4: commercial conventional agrochemicals (nitrogen 10%, phosphorus 15%, potassium 8%).
Selecting 90 annual cinnamomum camphora trees with small difference in plant height and diameter, randomly dividing the annual cinnamomum camphora trees into 9 groups, marking 10 trees in each group, planting the 10 trees in the same field in an intersecting way, applying fertilizers of different examples and comparative examples simultaneously (each tree is applied with 3kg of fertilizer, three fertilizers are equally applied, and the same amount is applied at the same time), and the other planting and management methods are the same, measuring the plant height and diameter after 1 year, extracting cinnamomum camphora oil by using leaves, calculating the content of cinnamomum camphora oil in the leaves, and recording the results as follows:
serial number | Height of pre-seed plant (cm) | Seed front diameter (cm) | Height of post-planting (cm) | Seed rear diameter (cm) | Camphor oil content (%) |
Example 1 | 67.7 | 1.4 | 214.7 | 4.9 | 4.35 |
Example 2 | 68.2 | 1.5 | 232.5 | 5.1 | 4.32 |
Example 3 | 67.1 | 1.5 | 209.6 | 4.8 | 4.34 |
Example 4 | 67.5 | 1.6 | 226.3 | 4.9 | 4.35 |
Comparative example 1 | 69.7 | 1.4 | 168.5 | 3.8 | 3.86 |
Comparative example 2 | 66.8 | 1.5 | 157.9 | 4.1 | 3.91 |
Comparative example 3 | 67.0 | 1.5 | 172.8 | 3.9 | 3.88 |
Comparative example 4 | 68.6 | 1.6 | 196.9 | 4.7 | 3.74 |
Blank example | 65.8 | 1.6 | 141.8 | 3.4 | 4.28 |
The data of the experimental examples show that the special biological carbon base fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora trees can not only obviously increase the growth speed of the cinnamomum camphora trees, but also ensure the high content of the cinnamomum camphora oil in the cinnamomum camphora trees, thereby having positive effect on large-area popularization of artificially planted cinnamomum camphora trees.
Claims (10)
1. The special biochar-based fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of organic fertilizer, 5-15 parts of charcoal-based material, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-5 parts of microbial fertilizer and 0.1-0.3 part of trace elements.
2. The special biochar-based fertilizer for the sassafras trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing, decomposing and fermenting 30-50 parts of plant straws and 20-30 parts of camphor oil extraction waste materials.
3. The special biochar-based fertilizer for sassafras trees as claimed in claim 2, wherein the organic fertilizer is fermented by the following process steps:
(a) respectively crushing the raw materials and uniformly mixing;
(b) inoculating zymophyte in the mixed raw materials, and performing aerobic and anaerobic two-stage composting fermentation;
(c) drying, crushing and sieving the fermented raw materials to obtain the organic fertilizer.
4. The special biochar-based fertilizer for sassafras as claimed in claim 3, wherein the humidity of aerobic fermentation in step c is controlled to be 30-40%, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 50-65 ℃, and the fermentation time is 8-15 days.
5. The special biochar-based fertilizer for sassafras as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step c, the humidity of anaerobic fermentation is controlled to be 40-50%, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 40-45 ℃, and the fermentation time is 8-12 days.
6. The special biochar-based fertilizer for sassafras of claim 1, wherein the microbial fertilizer comprises candida utilis, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and trichoderma in a mass ratio of 2-3: 2: 1-2: 3-4.
7. The special biochar-based fertilizer for sassafras tree according to claim 1, wherein the trace elements comprise the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of chelated zinc, 3-5 parts of chelated iron, 2-4 parts of chelated copper, 2-4 parts of boric acid, 1-2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-2 parts of chelated nickel and 0.5-1 part of chelated selenium.
8. The special biological carbon-based fertilizer for sassafras trees according to claim 1, wherein the carbon-based fertilizer further comprises 2-5 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of calcium powder and 5-10 parts of a starch nitride adhesive.
9. The special biochar-based fertilizer for sassafras tree according to claim 1, wherein the content of nitrogen in the carbon-based fertilizer is 18-22%, the content of phosphorus is 6-8%, the content of potassium is 7-9%, the content of carbon is 5-7%, and the content of trace elements is 0.1-0.3%.
10. The preparation method of the special biochar-based fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora trees as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) respectively preparing an organic fertilizer, an inorganic fertilizer, a biomass carbon-based material, trace elements, humic acid and a microbial fertilizer according to the formula requirements;
(2) according to the proportion of the raw materials, the raw materials are respectively weighed and then uniformly mixed, and then the special biochar-based fertilizer for the cinnamomum camphora is obtained through granulation.
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