CN111557201A - Method for culturing seedlings of endangered mangrove plant mallotus japonicus - Google Patents

Method for culturing seedlings of endangered mangrove plant mallotus japonicus Download PDF

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CN111557201A
CN111557201A CN202010442872.9A CN202010442872A CN111557201A CN 111557201 A CN111557201 A CN 111557201A CN 202010442872 A CN202010442872 A CN 202010442872A CN 111557201 A CN111557201 A CN 111557201A
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seedling raising
seedlings
seedling
endangered
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CN111557201B (en
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姜仲茂
廖宝文
熊燕梅
管伟
丁功桃
徐耀文
武锋
生农
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Research Institute of Tropical Forestry of Chinese Academy of Forestry
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Research Institute of Tropical Forestry of Chinese Academy of Forestry
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a seedling raising method for an endangered mangrove plant mallotus japonicus. The method comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a coastal beach high tide zone as a nursery garden, removing weeds and leveling the land; 2) collecting mature Aleurites fordii seeds in 7-8 months, soaking for 1-2h by using a potassium permanganate solution, then soaking for 3-5h by using a gibberellin solution, cleaning by using clear water, and sowing into a substrate of a seedling-raising nutrition bag; 3) and transplanting the mallotus japonicus seedlings into a matrix of a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag for cultivation when the seeds germinate and the seedlings grow to be 30-40 cm in height, and outplanting to obtain the mallotus japonicus seedlings. The process is easy to operate, has higher seed germination rate and seedling transplanting survival rate, can cultivate the seedlings with plant height and crown width meeting the afforestation requirement within 1 year, and has wide popularization and development prospect.

Description

Method for culturing seedlings of endangered mangrove plant mallotus japonicus
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant propagation, and particularly relates to a seedling raising method for an endangered mangrove plant mallotus japonicus.
Background
The jatropha curcas (Hernandia nyphiifolia) is a mangrove plant of the genus jatropha (Hernandia) of the family jatrophaceae (hernandiae), and has a limited distribution in tropical coastal areas throughout the world, from east africa, madagasia islands to small eriodictyon islands and new karlidia. In china, lotus leaf and tung are only distributed in taiwan province and hainan province; in taiwan, the number of surviving sycamore is extremely small; in Hainan province, the number of wild jatropha curcas individuals does not exceed 300, and the wild jatropha curcas individuals are mainly distributed in Bo Zhen and Tan Men Zhen (223 strains), Wenchang City (5 strains) and Hongkong mangrove forest natural protection areas (4 strains and artificial transplantation) of Hainan Zizan. In addition to the normal flowering and fruiting of the erythrina nelumbinis in Johnson city, the erythrina nelumbinis distributed in other two places showed no or almost no flowering. The wild lotus leaf tung has extremely poor natural propagation and renewal capacity, and natural group lines can not normally alternate and propagate and are endangered to be extinct in China.
At present, the breeding method of the lotus leaf tung seedlings is less, and the Feng Jian published in the research on the seedling culture of the Terminalia catappa and the lotus leaf tung as the local tree species in the coast of Hainan island and the planting test under the Lissajou forest: soaking Aleurites fordii seed in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 15min, cleaning with clear water for several times, soaking in water for 2 hr, and respectively soaking the treated seed in 100mg/LNAA and 100mg/L GA3Clear water as control, and then sown in sterilized river sand matrix, as a result, it was found that NAA-treated seeds started to germinate at 13d, and GA was present3The 28 th d treated seed begins to germinate, and the 49 th d treated seed begins to germinate; the germination rate of NAA-treated seeds is 38.89%, GA3The germination rate of the treated seeds is 33.33 percent, and the germination rate of the seeds treated by clear water is 13.89 percent. However, the survival rate of seedlings after the seeds germinate is not tracked and recorded by the technology, so that the feasibility of cultivating the seedlings by the technical scheme is difficult to estimate. Therefore, an endangered mangrove is soughtThe simple and rapid culture method of the seedling of the plant Aleurites fordii is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple and rapid cultivation method of mangrove halopteris seedlings.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a seedling raising method for an endangered mangrove plant Aleurites fordii comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a coastal beach high tide zone as a nursery garden, removing weeds and leveling the land;
(2) collecting mature Aleurites fordii seeds in 7-8 months, soaking for 1-2h by using a potassium permanganate solution, then soaking for 3-5h by using a gibberellin solution, cleaning by using clear water, and sowing into a substrate of a seedling-raising nutrition bag;
(3) and transplanting the mallotus japonicus seedlings into a matrix of a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag for cultivation when the seeds germinate and the seedlings grow to be 30-40 cm in height, and outplanting to obtain the mallotus japonicus seedlings.
Preferably, the high tide zone refers to a coastal beach area with daily average flooding time of 2-4 h.
Preferably, the concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.5 wt%.
Preferably, the concentration of the gibberellin solution is 100 mg/L.
Preferably, the seedling raising nutrition bag is 12cm multiplied by 12cm in specification, a seeding matrix is filled in the bag, and the seeding matrix is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 1.
Preferably, the specification of the non-woven fabric seedling raising bag is 25cm multiplied by 25cm, the bag is filled with a seedling raising substrate, and the seedling raising substrate is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 1.
The sea mud is soil at sea, and is not particularly limited.
Preferably, the seeding matrix in the seedling raising nutrition bag and the seedling raising matrix in the non-woven fabric seedling raising bag are uniformly sprayed with 0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is simple to operate, low in cost, short in seedling culture period, high in seed germination rate and seedling transplanting survival rate, capable of culturing seedlings meeting the afforestation requirements in 1 year, and wide in popularization and development prospect.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1
A seedling raising method for an endangered mangrove plant Aleurites fordii comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a high tide zone with average daily flooding time of 2-4h on the coastal mudflats to establish a seedling raising test land, removing weeds and leveling the land;
(2) matrix configuration: the seeding substrate in the seedling raising nutrition bag with the size of 12cm multiplied by 12cm is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 1; the seedling substrate in the non-woven fabric seedling bag with the thickness of 25cm multiplied by 25cm is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 1; uniformly spraying the seeding matrix in the seedling culture nutrition bag and the seedling culture matrix in the non-woven fabric seedling culture bag by using 0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution respectively, and sterilizing; arranging the seedling raising nutrition bags in a nursery at a line spacing of 20cm multiplied by 20cm, and arranging the non-woven fabric seedling raising bags in the nursery at a line spacing of 40cm multiplied by 40 cm;
(3) collecting mature Aleurites fordii seeds in 7 months, soaking the seeds for 2 hours by using a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 0.5 wt%, then soaking the seeds for 3 hours by using a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 100mg/L, cleaning the seeds by using clear water, and then sowing the seeds into a substrate of a seedling-raising nutrition bag;
(4) transplanting the lotus leaf tung seedlings into a matrix of a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag for cultivation when the seeds germinate and the seedlings grow to 30-40 cm in height;
(5) the seedlings can be outplanted in 5 months in the next year, at the moment, the seedlings of the mallotus plumetianus are 110-130cm high, the crown width is 70-90cm high, and the survival rate is 90-95%.
With reference to the procedure of example 1, sea mud were selected, respectively: the volume ratio of fine sand is 1:1, fine sand is simultaneously used as a seeding substrate and a seedling substrate, the influence of the above 3 seeding substrates and seedling substrates on the growth of the lotus leaf bud tree is evaluated, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002504589550000041
From table 1 above, sea mud is selected: the volume ratio of the fine sand is 1:1, and the fine sand is simultaneously used as a seeding substrate and a seedling substrate, so that the growth of the lotus leaf tung seedlings is facilitated.
Example 2
A seedling raising method for an endangered mangrove plant Aleurites fordii comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a middle tide zone with average daily flooding time of 6-8h on the coastal mudflats to set up a seedling raising test land, removing weeds and leveling the land;
(2) matrix configuration: the seeding substrate in the seedling raising nutrition bag with the size of 12cm multiplied by 12cm is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 1; the seedling substrate in the non-woven fabric seedling bag with the thickness of 25cm multiplied by 25cm is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 1; uniformly spraying the seeding matrix in the seedling culture nutrition bag and the seedling culture matrix in the non-woven fabric seedling culture bag by using 0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution respectively, and sterilizing; arranging the seedling raising nutrition bags in a nursery at a line spacing of 20cm multiplied by 20cm, and arranging the non-woven fabric seedling raising bags in the nursery at a line spacing of 40cm multiplied by 40 cm;
(3) harvesting mature seed of Aleurites fordii Hemsl in 8 months, soaking for 1h with 0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution, soaking for 5h with 100mg/L gibberellin solution, cleaning with clear water, and sowing in the substrate of the seedling-raising nutrition bag;
(4) transplanting the lotus leaf tung seedlings into a matrix of a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag for cultivation when the seeds germinate and the seedlings grow to 30-40 cm in height;
(5) the seedlings can be outplanted in 6 months in the next year, at the moment, the height of the seedlings of the mallotus japonicus is 80-100cm, the height of the crown is 60-80cm, and the survival rate is 60-70%.
With reference to the procedure of example 2, sea mud were selected, respectively: the volume ratio of fine sand is 1:1, fine sand is simultaneously used as a seeding substrate and a seedling substrate, the influence of the above 3 seeding substrates and seedling substrates on the growth of the lotus leaf bud tree is evaluated, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002504589550000051
Example 3
A seedling raising method for an endangered mangrove plant Aleurites fordii comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a low tide zone with the average daily flooding time of 10-12h on the coastal mudflats to establish a seedling raising test land, removing weeds and leveling the land;
(2) matrix configuration: the seeding substrate in the seedling raising nutrition bag with the size of 12cm multiplied by 12cm is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 1; the seedling substrate in the non-woven fabric seedling bag with the thickness of 25cm multiplied by 25cm is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to the volume ratio of 1: 1; uniformly spraying the seeding matrix in the seedling culture nutrition bag and the seedling culture matrix in the non-woven fabric seedling culture bag by using 0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution respectively, and sterilizing; arranging the seedling raising nutrition bags in a nursery at a line spacing of 20cm multiplied by 20cm, and arranging the non-woven fabric seedling raising bags in the nursery at a line spacing of 40cm multiplied by 40 cm;
(3) collecting mature Aleurites fordii seeds in 7 months, soaking the seeds for 2 hours by using a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 0.5 wt%, then soaking the seeds for 4 hours by using a gibberellin solution with the concentration of 100mg/L, cleaning the seeds by using clear water, and then sowing the seeds into a substrate of a seedling-raising nutrition bag;
(4) transplanting the lotus leaf tung seedlings into a matrix of a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag for cultivation when the seeds germinate and the seedlings grow to 30-40 cm in height;
(5) the seedlings can be outplanted in 5 months in the next year, wherein the height of the seedlings of the mallotus japonicus is 60-70cm, the height of the crown is 50-60cm, and the survival rate is 50-60%.
With reference to the procedure of example 3, sea mud were selected, respectively: the volume ratio of fine sand is 1:1, fine sand is simultaneously used as a seeding substrate and a seedling substrate, the influence of the above 3 seeding substrates and seedling substrates on the growth of the lotus leaf bud tree is evaluated, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0002504589550000061
The test results of the above examples 1 to 3 show that the high tide zone is selected to set up the seedling growing test field, and the sea mud: the fine sand is mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to be used as a matrix, the seedling raising effect of the lotus leaf tung is optimal, the seedling growth is good, and the seed germination rate and the seedling transplanting survival rate are higher.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A seedling raising method for an endangered mangrove plant Aleurites fordii is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a coastal beach high tide zone as a nursery garden, removing weeds and leveling the land;
(2) collecting mature Aleurites fordii seeds in 7-8 months, soaking for 1-2h by using a potassium permanganate solution, then soaking for 3-5h by using a gibberellin solution, cleaning by using clear water, and sowing into a substrate of a seedling-raising nutrition bag;
(3) and transplanting the mallotus japonicus seedlings into a matrix of a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag for cultivation when the seeds germinate and the seedlings grow to be 30-40 cm in height, and outplanting to obtain the mallotus japonicus seedlings.
2. The method for raising seedlings of Aleurites montana as an endangered mangrove plant according to claim 1, wherein the high tide zone is a coastal beach area with daily mean flooding time of 2-4 h.
3. The method for growing seedlings of Aleurites montana as an endangered mangrove plant according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.5 wt%.
4. The method for raising seedlings of Aleurites fordii as a plant in endangered mangrove as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the gibberellin solution is 100 mg/L.
5. The endangered mangrove plant erythrina indica seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the specification of the seedling raising nutrition bag is 12cm x 12cm, a seeding substrate is filled in the seedling raising nutrition bag, and the seeding substrate is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to a volume ratio of 1: 1.
6. The endangered mangrove plant erythrina indica seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the specification of the non-woven fabric seedling raising bag is 25cm x 25cm, the bag is filled with a seedling raising substrate, and the seedling raising substrate is a mixture of sea mud and fine sand according to a volume ratio of 1: 1.
7. The method for raising seedlings of Aleurites fordii Hayata as an endangered mangrove plant according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the seeding medium in the seedling raising nutrition bag and the seedling raising medium in the non-woven fabric seedling raising bag are sterilized by uniformly spraying the medium with 0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution.
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CN112715256A (en) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-30 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 Seedling raising method for low-temperature-resistant coconut seedlings
CN113455273A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-10-01 广西红树林研究中心 Method for raising seedlings of coastal plants
CN114766363A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-22 海南师范大学 Induced culture medium, culture method and application of endangered semi-mangrove plant mallotus japonicus callus

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CN112715256A (en) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-30 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 Seedling raising method for low-temperature-resistant coconut seedlings
CN113455273A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-10-01 广西红树林研究中心 Method for raising seedlings of coastal plants
CN113455273B (en) * 2021-08-12 2022-05-10 广西红树林研究中心 Method for cultivating seashore plant
CN114766363A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-22 海南师范大学 Induced culture medium, culture method and application of endangered semi-mangrove plant mallotus japonicus callus

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