CN107360861A - High yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method - Google Patents

High yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107360861A
CN107360861A CN201610311352.8A CN201610311352A CN107360861A CN 107360861 A CN107360861 A CN 107360861A CN 201610311352 A CN201610311352 A CN 201610311352A CN 107360861 A CN107360861 A CN 107360861A
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Prior art keywords
grafting
muskmelon
stock
seedling
treatment
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CN201610311352.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘培培
王忠全
周玉忠
陈玉梅
刘蕾庆
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QINGDAO GOLD MOTHER AGRICULTURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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QINGDAO GOLD MOTHER AGRICULTURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610311352.8A priority Critical patent/CN107360861A/en
Publication of CN107360861A publication Critical patent/CN107360861A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20Liquid fertilisers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses high yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, comprise the following steps:Seedling medium processed:40 50kg organic nutritious fertilizers are spread in per furrow;Seed treatment:Soaked seed with copper-bath, chitosan oligosaccharide, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, magnetized water, Tea Saponin, mushroom proteoglycan, ambam;Grafting:The beveling of stock basal part of stem is in inverted " V " type structure, and ligulate wedge is inserted to the incision of stock, fixed with Grafting clip;Grafting is handled:Immerse in the mixed liquor diluted by 17% bacterium worm clear solution and 15% paclobutrazol solution mixing and water adding, while carry out suffocating treatment.The present invention makes the nutrient of matrix, moisture supply balanced, planting percent reaches more than 90%, grafting is set to carry out healing and the planting percent raising more than 10% for period management of taking root, high graft survival rate after the peg grafting of top, suitable for intensive seedling production, by the combination treatment method of stifling chemical treatment and physical treatment, excellent desinsection detoxification efficiency has been had concurrently, the survival rate and disease resistance of grafting are effectively increased, suitable for being widely popularized.

Description

High yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to graft seedling growth technical field, and in particular to high yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method.
Background technology
Muskmelon is important melon industrial crops, and it is cultivated good in economic efficiency, and the economic benefit of particularly facility cultivation is considerable, has turned into an important channel of increase peasant economy income in many regional melon wilts.Existing cultural method defect is, does not use graft technology during nursery, and the muskmelon seedling being bred as is from root seedling, the easy soil-borne disease such as infection droop after field planting, soil continuous cropping obstacle easily occurs.The engrafting method of muskmelon mainly has inarching method, cleft graft, pith-cambium grafting method, method of plant propagation with cutting etc. at present, and conventional method is inarching method and the method for plant propagation with cutting.Although easily being managed after inarching method grafting, survival rate is of a relatively high, and operation is cumbersome, and work efficiency is low.Traditional engrafting method carries out seedling grafting using nutritive cube, autogamy Nutrition Soil using heliogreenhouse more, but nutritive cube seedling grafting speed is slow, the amount of labour used is big, production cost is high, growing-seedling period is long, root system is easy to aging, slow seedling is slow, ripe late after field planting, and batch production graft seedling growth solves the problems, such as that peasant household's grafting speed is slow, seedling quality is poor, benefit is low.Although method of plant propagation with cutting operation is simpler, the management to seedbed requires high, and survival rate is not high if miscarriage, and the risk of nursery is big.Therefore, the popularity rate of muskmelon graft seedling growth is far below watermelon, how to popularize and promote muskmelon graft seedling growth technology, effectively controls the generation of the soil-borne diseases such as droop, the seedling of healthy high quality is provided for Development of Muskmelon Industry, it has also become urgent problem to be solved in muskmelon production.
The content of the invention
For the not disease-resistant technical problem of muskmelon low yield present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide high yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
High yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, comprises the following steps:
Seedling medium processed:First sow muskmelon seedses, sow stock seed after one week again, done in greenhouse wide 1.2 meters, long 80 flat furrow, the furrow ridge is high 22 centimetres, per furrow in spread 40-50kg organic nutritious fertilizers, covering perlite leveling rake in surface is real, fills permeable;
Seed treatment:First with 75 DEG C of hot water treatment 1-2min, then with 0.1% copper-bath, 30~40ppm chitosan oligosaccharide, 5~10PPm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 90-120PPm magnetized water, 20-30PPm Tea Saponins, mushroom proteoglycan, 200 times of liquid ambam seed soaking 20min, it is placed on 25 DEG C -30 DEG C of local vernalization 2-3 days, at a distance of 4cm between holding muskmelon seedses, thickness of earth covering 1.5cm, overlay film moisturizing;
Grafting:Grafting is carried out during 21 heart of leaf of stock, the beveling of stock basal part of stem is in inverted " V " type structure, and ligulate wedge is inserted to the incision of stock, and being fixed with Grafting clip makes stock cotyledon and muskmelon seedling cotyledon be in " people " font, the grafting wood basal part of stem fixed is immersed in nutrient solution, stock slow seedling 3 days to 5 days;
Grafting is handled:Seedling after grafting survival, which is used, to be fitted into mesh bag, immerse 10-12mon in the mixed liquor diluted by 17% bacterium worm clear solution and 15% paclobutrazol solution mixing and water adding, the mixture that Bromide methane and carbon dioxide volume ratio is 2: 1 is passed through simultaneously, carry out suffocating treatment, be placed in pressure be 2-3kPa, temperature be in 20 DEG C, implement application of vacuum 6-8h, keep a full stand of seedings 2200 plants for every mu and be colonized.
Further, nutrient solution prescription is in the grafting step:Nitrogen content 120-160 mg/litres, phosphorus pentoxide content 50-125 mg/litres, GA content 35-85 mg/litres, the mg/litre of tonka-bean cellulose content 0~15, pH=6~7.
Further, the coconut palm chaff that organic nutritious fertilizer is chicken manure in the seedling medium step processed, broken marine alga, acid-base value are 5.5~6.5 is according to weight than 3:5:The mixture of 2 compositions.
Further, the also gibberellin containing 20~30ppm, 3-5ppm carbendazim in the seed treatment step.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Present invention seedling medium uses special organic nutritious fertilizer, make nutrient, the moisture supply of matrix balanced, the epidemic disaster uniformity in seedbed, and it is easily controlled, it is unlikely to make the nutrient content in matrix too high and influence the root of hair after grafting cuttage again, the advantages of grafting and substrate seedling, is incorporated into together, planting percent reaches more than 90%.
The seed treatment nutrient composition of the present invention is comprehensive, and the nutrient of abundance is provided for grafting, grafting is carried out healing and the planting percent raising more than 10% for period management of taking root, the grafting neat and consistent of cultivation, commodity is good, robust growth, well developed root system, and viability is strong.
The stock basal part of stem beveling of grafting is in inverted " V " type structure, it is therefore prevented that stock excessive growth is serious and growing way is irregular, pushes up high graft survival rate after peg grafting, suitable for intensive seedling production, greatly reduces production cost;Simultaneously by the present invention obtain to be used as stick together shaping, the seedling of muskmelon seedling root that commercial seedling sells neatly healthy and strong, add farmers' income.
Grafting is handled, immerse in the mixed liquor diluted by bacterium worm clear solution and paclobutrazol solution mixing and water adding, carry out suffocating treatment, chosen by the combination treatment method of stifling chemical treatment and physical treatment, and the parameter optimized in each processing procedure, had excellent desinsection detoxification efficiency concurrently, and excellent growth result, the survival rate and disease resistance of grafting are effectively increased, and does not have obvious harmful effect to the quality of muskmelon, suitable for being widely popularized.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
High yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, comprises the following steps:
Seedling medium processed:First sow muskmelon seedses, sow stock seed after one week again, done in greenhouse wide 1.2 meters, long 80 flat furrow, the furrow ridge is high 22 centimetres, per furrow in spread 40kg chicken manures, broken marine alga, coconut palm chaff that acid-base value is 5.5~6.5 according to weight than 3:5:The organic nutritious fertilizer of 2 compositions, covering perlite leveling rake in surface is real, fills permeable;
Seed treatment:First with 75 DEG C of hot water treatment 1min, then with 0.1% copper-bath, 30ppm chitosan oligosaccharide, 5PPm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 90PPm magnetized water, 20PPm Tea Saponins, mushroom proteoglycan, 200 times of liquid ambam seed soaking 20min, it is placed on 25 DEG C of local vernalization 3 days, at a distance of 4cm between holding muskmelon seedses, thickness of earth covering 1.5cm, overlay film moisturizing;
Grafting:Grafting is carried out during 21 heart of leaf of stock, the beveling of stock basal part of stem is in inverted " V " type structure, and ligulate wedge is inserted to the incision of stock, and being fixed with Grafting clip makes stock cotyledon and muskmelon seedling cotyledon be in " people " font, the grafting wood basal part of stem fixed is immersed in nutrient solution, stock slow seedling 3 days to 5 days;
Grafting is handled:Seedling after grafting survival, which is used, to be fitted into mesh bag, immerse 10mon in the mixed liquor diluted by 17% bacterium worm clear solution and 15% paclobutrazol solution mixing and water adding, the mixture that Bromide methane and carbon dioxide volume ratio is 2: 1 is passed through simultaneously, carry out suffocating treatment, be placed in pressure be 2kPa, temperature be in 20 DEG C, implement application of vacuum 8h, keep a full stand of seedings 2200 plants for every mu and be colonized.
Embodiment 2
High yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, comprises the following steps:
Seedling medium processed:First sow muskmelon seedses, sow stock seed after one week again, done in greenhouse wide 1.2 meters, long 80 flat furrow, the furrow ridge is high 22 centimetres, per furrow in spread 45kg chicken manures, broken marine alga, coconut palm chaff that acid-base value is 5.5~6.5 according to weight than 3:5:The organic nutritious fertilizer of 2 compositions, covering perlite leveling rake in surface is real, fills permeable;
Seed treatment:First with 75 DEG C of hot water treatment 1.5min, then with 0.1% copper-bath, 35ppm chitosan oligosaccharide, 8PPm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 100PPm magnetized water, 25PPm Tea Saponins, mushroom proteoglycan, 200 times of liquid ambam seed soaking 20min, it is placed on 28 DEG C of local vernalization 3 days, at a distance of 4cm between holding muskmelon seedses, thickness of earth covering 1.5cm, overlay film moisturizing;
Grafting:Grafting is carried out during 21 heart of leaf of stock, the beveling of stock basal part of stem is in inverted " V " type structure, and ligulate wedge is inserted to the incision of stock, and being fixed with Grafting clip makes stock cotyledon and muskmelon seedling cotyledon be in " people " font, the grafting wood basal part of stem fixed is immersed in nutrient solution, nutrient solution prescription is:The mg/litre of nitrogen content 140, the mg/litre of phosphorus pentoxide content 75, the mg/litre of GA content 65, the mg/litre of tonka-bean cellulose content 10, pH=6~7, stock slow seedling 3 days to 5 days;
Grafting is handled:Seedling after grafting survival, which is used, to be fitted into mesh bag, immerse 11mon in the mixed liquor diluted by 17% bacterium worm clear solution and 15% paclobutrazol solution mixing and water adding, the mixture that Bromide methane and carbon dioxide volume ratio is 2: 1 is passed through simultaneously, carry out suffocating treatment, be placed in pressure be 3kPa, temperature be in 20 DEG C, implement application of vacuum 6-8h, keep a full stand of seedings 2200 plants for every mu and be colonized.
Embodiment 3
High yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, comprises the following steps:
Seedling medium processed:First sow muskmelon seedses, sow stock seed after one week again, done in greenhouse wide 1.2 meters, long 80 flat furrow, the furrow ridge is high 22 centimetres, per furrow in spread 50kg chicken manures, broken marine alga, coconut palm chaff that acid-base value is 5.5~6.5 according to weight than 3:5:The organic nutritious fertilizer of 2 compositions, covering perlite leveling rake in surface is real, fills permeable;
Seed treatment:First with 75 DEG C of hot water treatment 2min, then with 0.1% copper-bath, 40ppm chitosan oligosaccharide, 10PPm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 120PPm magnetized water, 30PPm Tea Saponins, mushroom proteoglycan, 200 times of liquid ambam seed soaking 20min, it is placed on 30 DEG C of local vernalization 2 days, at a distance of 4cm between holding muskmelon seedses, thickness of earth covering 1.5cm, overlay film moisturizing;
Grafting:Grafting is carried out during 21 heart of leaf of stock, the beveling of stock basal part of stem is in inverted " V " type structure, and ligulate wedge is inserted to the incision of stock, and being fixed with Grafting clip makes stock cotyledon and muskmelon seedling cotyledon be in " people " font, the grafting wood basal part of stem fixed is immersed in nutrient solution, nutrient solution prescription is:Nitrogen content 120-160 mg/litres, phosphorus pentoxide content 50-125 mg/litres, GA content 35-85 mg/litres, the mg/litre of tonka-bean cellulose content 0~15,20~30ppm gibberellin, 3-5ppm carbendazim, pH=6~7, stock slow seedling 3 days to 5 days;
Grafting is handled:Seedling after grafting survival, which is used, to be fitted into mesh bag, immerse 12mon in the mixed liquor diluted by 17% bacterium worm clear solution and 15% paclobutrazol solution mixing and water adding, the mixture that Bromide methane and carbon dioxide volume ratio is 2: 1 is passed through simultaneously, carry out suffocating treatment, be placed in pressure be 3kPa, temperature be in 20 DEG C, implement application of vacuum 8h, keep a full stand of seedings 2200 plants for every mu and be colonized.
Described above is not limitation of the present invention, it should be pointed out that:For those skilled in the art, on the premise of essential scope of the present invention is not departed from, some variations, modifications, additions or substitutions can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. high yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Seedling medium processed:First sow muskmelon seedses, sow stock seed after one week again, done in greenhouse wide 1.2 meters, long 80 flat furrow, the furrow ridge is high 22 centimetres, per furrow in spread 40-50kg organic nutritious fertilizers, covering perlite leveling rake in surface is real, fills permeable;
Seed treatment:First with 75 DEG C of hot water treatment 1-2min, then with 0.1% copper-bath, 30~40ppm chitosan oligosaccharide, 5~10PPm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 90-120PPm magnetized water, 20-30PPm Tea Saponins, mushroom proteoglycan, 200 times of liquid ambam seed soaking 20min, it is placed on 25 DEG C -30 DEG C of local vernalization 2-3 days, at a distance of 4cm between holding muskmelon seedses, thickness of earth covering 1.5cm, overlay film moisturizing;
Grafting:Grafting is carried out during 21 heart of leaf of stock, the beveling of stock basal part of stem is in inverted " V " type structure, and ligulate wedge is inserted to the incision of stock, and being fixed with Grafting clip makes stock cotyledon and muskmelon seedling cotyledon be in " people " font, the grafting wood basal part of stem fixed is immersed in nutrient solution, stock slow seedling 3 days to 5 days;
Grafting is handled:Seedling after grafting survival, which is used, to be fitted into mesh bag, immerse 10-12mon in the mixed liquor diluted by 17% bacterium worm clear solution and 15% paclobutrazol solution mixing and water adding, the mixture that Bromide methane and carbon dioxide volume ratio is 2: 1 is passed through simultaneously, carry out suffocating treatment, be placed in pressure be 2-3kPa, temperature be in 20 DEG C, implement application of vacuum 6-8h, keep a full stand of seedings 2200 plants for every mu and be colonized.
2. high yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that nutrient solution prescription is in the grafting step:Nitrogen content 120-160 mg/litres, phosphorus pentoxide content 50-125 mg/litres, GA content 35-85 mg/litres, the mg/litre of tonka-bean cellulose content 0~15, pH=6~7.
3. high yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the coconut palm chaff that organic nutritious fertilizer is chicken manure in the seedling medium step processed, broken marine alga, acid-base value are 5.5~6.5 is according to weight than 3:5:The mixture of 2 compositions.
4. high yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the also gibberellin containing 20~30ppm, 3-5ppm carbendazim in the seed treatment step.
CN201610311352.8A 2016-05-12 2016-05-12 High yield muskmelon grafting seedlings-growing method Pending CN107360861A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108093909A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-06-01 颍上县心农甜西甜瓜种植专业合作社 A kind of method for culturing seedlings of western muskmelon
CN109220144A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-01-18 海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 A kind of wax gourd subtracts nitrogen volume increase fertilizing method
CN109874526A (en) * 2019-04-13 2019-06-14 安徽省思普瑞工程技术研究院有限公司 A kind of high-survival rate muskmelon engrafting method
CN110140607A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-08-20 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 The breeding method of muskmelon scion seedling in a kind of greenhouse

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108093909A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-06-01 颍上县心农甜西甜瓜种植专业合作社 A kind of method for culturing seedlings of western muskmelon
CN109220144A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-01-18 海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 A kind of wax gourd subtracts nitrogen volume increase fertilizing method
CN109874526A (en) * 2019-04-13 2019-06-14 安徽省思普瑞工程技术研究院有限公司 A kind of high-survival rate muskmelon engrafting method
CN110140607A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-08-20 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 The breeding method of muskmelon scion seedling in a kind of greenhouse

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