CN111543276A - Tobacco seedling cultivation technology - Google Patents
Tobacco seedling cultivation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111543276A CN111543276A CN202010243066.9A CN202010243066A CN111543276A CN 111543276 A CN111543276 A CN 111543276A CN 202010243066 A CN202010243066 A CN 202010243066A CN 111543276 A CN111543276 A CN 111543276A
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- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- rock wool
- drip irrigation
- seedling
- holes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tobacco seedling cultivation technology, and belongs to the technical field of flue-cured tobacco planting. The method solves the defects of long seedling raising time, high seedling raising cost and incapability of realizing accurate fertilization in the greenhouse seedling raising and transplanting technology in the prior art. The method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) ridging is carried out on the tobacco field; (2) digging transplanting holes on the tobacco ridges; (3) preparing a rock wool block, and forming a small hole on the rock wool block; (4) putting the tobacco seedling seeds into small holes in the rock wool blocks; (5) placing the rock wool blocks with the tobacco seedling seeds into the transplanting holes and covering with soil; (6) paving drip irrigation pipes on the tobacco ridges, wherein each drip irrigation pipe comprises a plurality of drip irrigation branch pipes, and the drip irrigation branch pipes are inserted into the rock wool blocks and convey culture solution into the rock wool blocks; (7) paving a mulching film on the tobacco ridge; (8) when the tobacco seedlings germinate and grow to be in contact with the mulching film, carrying out hole digging or film uncovering operation on the mulching film and taking the tops of the tobacco seedlings out of the holes of the mulching film; (9) and (5) earthing up the roots of the tobacco seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue-cured tobacco planting, and particularly relates to a tobacco seedling cultivation technology.
Background
Flue-cured tobacco is planted and is generally adopted the mode of big-arch shelter seedling raising and transplanting, when carrying out the big-arch shelter seedling raising and transplanting, need just put into the seedling tray of growing seedlings in the big-arch shelter with tobacco seeds or young seedling at 3 months beginning, through about two months time, after the tobacco seedling grows to a take the altitude, put into the tobacco ridge again with the tobacco seedling and transplant, current tobacco grower is when adopting this kind of mode to carry out the flue-cured tobacco planting, the universal reflection has the time of growing seedlings long, big-arch shelter seedling raising cost is big, can not realize accurate fertilization and the tobacco seedling growing situation scheduling problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tobacco seedling cultivation technology to overcome the defects of long seedling cultivation time, high greenhouse seedling cultivation cost and incapability of realizing accurate fertilization in a greenhouse seedling cultivation transplanting technology in the prior art.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a tobacco seedling cultivation technology comprises the following steps: (1) ridging the tobacco field to form tobacco ridges in the tobacco field; (2) digging transplanting holes on the tobacco ridges; (3) preparing a rock wool block, and forming a small hole on the rock wool block; (4) putting the tobacco seedling seeds into small holes in the rock wool blocks; (5) placing the rock wool blocks with the tobacco seedling seeds into the transplanting holes and covering with soil; (6) paving drip irrigation pipes on the tobacco ridges, wherein each drip irrigation pipe comprises a plurality of drip irrigation branch pipes, and the drip irrigation branch pipes are inserted into the rock wool blocks and convey culture solution into the rock wool blocks; (7) paving a mulching film on the tobacco ridge; (8) when the tobacco seedlings germinate and grow to be in contact with the mulching film, carrying out hole digging or film uncovering operation on the mulching film and taking the tops of the tobacco seedlings out of the holes of the mulching film; (9) and (5) earthing up the roots of the tobacco seedlings.
Further, in the step (1), a base fertilizer is applied to the tobacco field when the tobacco field is subjected to ridging operation.
Further, the interval between two adjacent transplanting holes in the step (2) is 40-50 cm.
Further, the depth of the transplanting hole is 18-22 cm.
Further, the height of rock wool piece is 8-12 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can effectively shorten the growth period of tobacco seedlings, reduce the links of greenhouse seedling, and when the invention is applied, the tobacco seeds can be directly put into the rock wool block for film mulching and seeding at the beginning of four months under normal weather temperature, the time is shortened by at least one month compared with the current greenhouse seedling, the current greenhouse seedling needs to put the tobacco seeds or the young seedlings into the seedling tray in the greenhouse for seedling cultivation at the beginning of three months, the tobacco seeds are put into the rock wool block, and then the tobacco seedlings germinate and gradually grow out of the rock wool block, the growth vigor of the initial tobacco seedlings in the rock wool block is better than that in the seedling tray in the greenhouse, because in the field, the tobacco seedlings have better illumination conditions, the film can provide a warm environment, the field has base fertilizer, and the drip irrigation pipe can provide sufficient culture solution.
2. The invention can reduce the seedling raising cost, save the construction cost, the equipment cost, the construction land, the labor cost and the like of the greenhouse by reducing the greenhouse seedling raising links, and effectively reduce the investment of tobacco seedling planting.
3. The invention can realize accurate fertilization, the culture solution is directly dripped to the root of the tobacco seedling by directly inserting the drip irrigation branch pipe into the rock wool block, the waste of the culture solution is well avoided, various nutrient components can be added into the culture solution according to the needs, when the culture solution is dripped to the tobacco seedling, the time from the placement of the tobacco seed and the rock wool block into the tobacco field to the drilling of the tobacco seedling out of the surface of the tobacco ridge is drip-irrigated once every 12-15 days, after the tobacco seedling is drilled out of the surface of the tobacco ridge, the interval time of drip irrigation can be properly increased, the interval time can be adjusted to 15-20 days, and certainly, under the condition of rainfall, the drip irrigation time can be properly prolonged or the drip irrigation quantity can be reduced.
Detailed Description
A tobacco seedling cultivation technology comprises the following steps: (1) ridging the tobacco field to form tobacco ridges in the tobacco field; (2) digging transplanting holes on the tobacco ridges; (3) preparing a rock wool block, and forming a small hole on the rock wool block; (4) putting the tobacco seedling seeds into small holes in the rock wool blocks; (5) placing the rock wool blocks with the tobacco seedling seeds into the transplanting holes and covering with soil; (6) paving drip irrigation pipes on the tobacco ridges, wherein each drip irrigation pipe comprises a plurality of drip irrigation branch pipes, and the drip irrigation branch pipes are inserted into the rock wool blocks and convey culture solution into the rock wool blocks; (7) paving a mulching film on the tobacco ridge; (8) when the tobacco seedlings germinate and grow to be in contact with the mulching film, carrying out hole digging or film uncovering operation on the mulching film and taking the tops of the tobacco seedlings out of the holes of the mulching film; (9) and (5) earthing up the roots of the tobacco seedlings.
When the ridging operation is carried out, the height of each ridge is more than 35cm, and the ridge distance is about 120 cm; the number of tobacco seedlings per mu is 1200-1300; the rock wool block is provided with the small hole for the drip irrigation branch pipe to be inserted, the culture solution in the drip irrigation branch pipe directly drips on the rock wool block, the culture solution is further directly dripped to the root of the tobacco seedling, the waste of the culture solution is well avoided, various nutritional ingredients can be added into the culture solution according to needs, when the culture solution is dripped on the tobacco seedling, the time from the placement of the tobacco seed and the rock wool block into the tobacco field to the drilling of the tobacco seedling out of the surface of the tobacco ridge is once drip irrigation every 12-15 days, after the tobacco seedling is drilled out of the surface of the tobacco ridge, the interval time of the drip irrigation can be properly increased, the time can be adjusted to 15-20 days, and naturally, under the condition of rainfall, the drip irrigation time can be properly prolonged or the drip irrigation amount can be reduced; the drip irrigation pipe is arranged in the mulching film; the height of the rock wool blocks is lower than the depth of the transplanting holes, and the rock wool blocks are completely buried after being placed; the invention should make the root of the tobacco seedling leak completely when the film digging or uncovering operation is carried out, and simultaneously the root is earthed up, and the soil should cover the root of the tobacco seedling completely when the earth is earthed up.
And (2) applying a base fertilizer to the tobacco field when ridging is performed on the tobacco field in the step (1).
The base fertilizer mainly comprises a solar island compound fertilizer, a medium-smoke multi-effect biological fertilizer, soybeans, potassium sulfate and a solar island cake fertilizer, wherein 8-10 kg of the medium-smoke multi-effect biological fertilizer, 20-22 kg of the soybeans, 15-17 kg of the potassium sulfate and 20-22 kg of the solar island cake fertilizer are applied to each mu of the solar island compound fertilizer.
The interval between two adjacent transplanting holes in the step (2) is 40-50 cm.
The depth of the transplanting hole is 18-22 cm.
The height of the rock wool block is 8-12 cm.
The height from the top surface of the rock wool block to the top surface of the tobacco ridge is about 10 cm.
Table 1 shows the main indicators of tobacco seedlings in the mature period after current greenhouse seedling transplantation:
table 2 shows the main indicators of tobacco seedlings in the mature period after the transplanting technique of the present invention:
the experimental data in table 1 are used as comparison data, during experiment, a complete tobacco field is divided into an area A and an area B, the area A is used for planting tobacco seedlings in the current greenhouse seedling transplanting mode, the area B is used for planting tobacco seedlings by the transplanting technology, the area A and the area B are respectively used for planting more than 500 tobacco seedlings, the distance between two adjacent tobacco seedlings in the area A and the area B is the same, namely the tobacco plant density is the same, the area A is subjected to drip irrigation and film covering by using a traditional drip irrigation pipe, the drip irrigation pipe is directly dripped onto the tobacco field, film uncovering is carried out within 45-50 days after transplanting, fertilizer and culture solution applied to the area A and the area B are the same, and main indexes of 100 mature tobacco seedlings in the area A and main indexes of 100 mature tobacco seedlings in the area B are respectively and randomly sampled during sampling. It can be observed from tables 1 and 2 that the main indexes of tobacco seedlings in the mature period after the transplanting technology provided by the invention are all improved to a certain extent, particularly the average maximum leaf length is improved by nearly 7.8% compared with the average maximum leaf length after the current greenhouse seedling raising and transplanting. The invention effectively shortens the growth period of the tobacco seedlings, reduces the links of greenhouse seedling culture, when in application, the tobacco seeds can be directly put into the rock wool blocks for film mulching and seeding at the beginning of four months under normal weather temperature, the time is shortened by at least one month compared with the prior greenhouse seedling culture, the tobacco seeds germinate and gradually grow out of the rock wool blocks after being put into the rock wool blocks for about 40 to 50 days, the growth vigor of the tobacco seedlings in the rock wool blocks at the initial stage is better than that in a seedling culture tray in the greenhouse, because the tobacco seedlings have better illumination conditions in a field, the film can provide a warm environment, the field has base fertilizer, and meanwhile, the drip irrigation pipe can provide sufficient culture solution. The seedling raising cost is reduced while the seedling raising time is shortened, the construction cost, the equipment cost, the construction land, the labor cost and the like of the greenhouse can be saved by reducing greenhouse seedling raising links, the investment of tobacco seedling planting is effectively reduced, and the economic benefit of tobacco growers is improved.
Claims (5)
1. A tobacco seedling cultivation technology is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: (1) ridging the tobacco field to form tobacco ridges in the tobacco field; (2) digging transplanting holes on the tobacco ridges; (3) preparing a rock wool block, and forming a small hole on the rock wool block; (4) putting the tobacco seedling seeds into small holes in the rock wool blocks; (5) placing the rock wool blocks with the tobacco seedling seeds into the transplanting holes and covering with soil; (6) paving drip irrigation pipes on the tobacco ridges, wherein each drip irrigation pipe comprises a plurality of drip irrigation branch pipes, and the drip irrigation branch pipes are inserted into the rock wool blocks and convey culture solution to the rock wool blocks; (7) paving a mulching film on the tobacco ridge; (8) when the tobacco seedlings germinate and grow to be in contact with the mulching film, carrying out hole digging or film uncovering operation on the mulching film and taking the tops of the tobacco seedlings out of the holes of the mulching film; (9) and (5) earthing up the roots of the tobacco seedlings.
2. The tobacco seedling cultivation technique according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (2) applying a base fertilizer to the tobacco field when ridging is performed on the tobacco field in the step (1).
3. The tobacco seedling cultivation technique according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interval between two adjacent transplanting holes in the step (2) is 40-50 cm.
4. The tobacco seedling cultivation technique according to claim 1, characterized in that: the depth of the transplanting hole is 18-22 cm.
5. The tobacco seedling cultivation technique according to claim 4, characterized in that: the height of the rock wool block is 8-12 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010243066.9A CN111543276A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Tobacco seedling cultivation technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010243066.9A CN111543276A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Tobacco seedling cultivation technology |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111543276A true CN111543276A (en) | 2020-08-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010243066.9A Pending CN111543276A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Tobacco seedling cultivation technology |
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| CN (1) | CN111543276A (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1036878A (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-11-08 | 周荣光 | Soil cultivation techniques for vegetable and mineral cotton grow seedlings |
| JP2655891B2 (en) * | 1988-10-06 | 1997-09-24 | 日本たばこ産業株式会社 | Seed material for direct sowing |
| CN101268734A (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2008-09-24 | 山东省花生研究所 | Root-protecting seedling raising cultivation method |
| CN102783348A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-21 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Laborsaving cost-reducing direct-seeding cultivation method for tobacco |
| CN103288500A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏大学 | Greenhouse crop culturing substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN203575214U (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-05-07 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Direct seeding paper cup vehicle used for direct sowing culture of flue-cured tobacco cup seeds in matrix |
| CN105248264A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-01-20 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所 | Cherry tomato soilless culturing method on plateau area |
| CN204968717U (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2016-01-20 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Live cultivation structure of crop |
| CN109997670A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 关家祥 | A kind of rock wool plantation tomato method |
-
2020
- 2020-03-31 CN CN202010243066.9A patent/CN111543276A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1036878A (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-11-08 | 周荣光 | Soil cultivation techniques for vegetable and mineral cotton grow seedlings |
| JP2655891B2 (en) * | 1988-10-06 | 1997-09-24 | 日本たばこ産業株式会社 | Seed material for direct sowing |
| CN101268734A (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2008-09-24 | 山东省花生研究所 | Root-protecting seedling raising cultivation method |
| CN102783348A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-21 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Laborsaving cost-reducing direct-seeding cultivation method for tobacco |
| CN103288500A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏大学 | Greenhouse crop culturing substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN203575214U (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-05-07 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Direct seeding paper cup vehicle used for direct sowing culture of flue-cured tobacco cup seeds in matrix |
| CN204968717U (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2016-01-20 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Live cultivation structure of crop |
| CN105248264A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-01-20 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所 | Cherry tomato soilless culturing method on plateau area |
| CN109997670A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 关家祥 | A kind of rock wool plantation tomato method |
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Application publication date: 20200818 |
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