CN111528330A - 一种莲藕沙的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种莲藕沙的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种莲藕沙的制备方法,包括蒸煮、研磨和制沙步骤。本发明工艺简单,最大可能的保留了莲藕的营养成分,具有浓郁的莲藕清香;无需加入过多的添加剂,使得莲藕沙具有较高的粘性,不松散,用途广泛,可以用于烘焙面点,制作汤圆;保质期长,不易变质,较现有技术中的产品保质期延长30%以上。
Description
技术领域
本申请莲藕加工技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种莲藕沙的制备方法。
背景技术
莲藕含有大量淀粉、蛋白质、维生素B、维生素C、脂肪、碳水化合物及钙、磷、铁等多种矿物质,肉质肥嫩,白净滚圆,口感甜脆,生食堪与梨媲美。中医认为,藕生食能凉血散瘀,熟食能补心益肾,具有滋阴养血的功效,可以补五脏之虚,强壮筋骨,补血养血。
作为一类食材,莲藕可以加工成多种美食,也可以加工成多种形态。中国发明申请CN108523045A公开了一种藕蓉及其制作方法,其采用莲藕作为主要原料,并添加鸡蛋、醋、糖粉、食用油、山药等辅料制备成莲蓉。上述方法具有一定的局限性。首先,该莲蓉添加了大量辅料,利用鸡蛋和山药增加莲蓉的粘性,由于辅料较多,失去了莲藕的本味,莲藕的营养成分也大大降低。其次,该技术制备工艺繁琐,需要经过煮制、打浆、炒制等多道工序,成本较高,产业化生产难度较大。再次,由于该莲蓉加入了肉类、蛋类食材,导致该混合馅料的保存时间较短,若想延长时间保存,必须加入防腐剂。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种莲藕沙的制备方法,该方法工艺简单,莲藕含量高,粘性大,易于生产各种莲藕产品,且保存时间长。
本申请提供的技术方案如下:
一种莲藕沙的制备方法,由下述步骤组成:
(1)蒸煮:
将预处理的莲藕送入蒸煮容器中进行蒸煮,水面高出莲藕5-8cm,温度控制在110-120℃,时间为50分钟至2小时,然后冷却至室温,备用;蒸煮容器中莲藕汤汁倒入不锈钢桶中冷却备用;
(2)研磨:
将蒸煮后的莲藕送入研磨机进行研磨,研磨的粒径控制在80-100目之间,得到莲藕沙半成品;
(3)制沙
准确称量占生莲藕总重30%的白砂糖和占生莲藕总重35%的食用油,先将三分之一的食用油与一半比例白砂糖混合均匀,加入占生莲藕总重50-60%的莲藕汤汁,进行搅拌,再加入所述莲藕沙半成品,不停搅拌,当莲藕沙开始变黏稠时分三次将剩下的油和白砂糖。最后加入占莲藕沙半成品总重0.01-0.15%的乳化剂,煮制成固态即可。
(4)包装、灭菌
将步骤(3)得到的莲藕沙进行冷却,装入蒸煮袋中,抽真空包装,然后进行高温灭菌。
优选地,选用当年农历九月份以后至来年农历三月份以前的新鲜莲藕;将莲藕去皮,去节,清洗干净。
优选地,将清洗后的莲藕浸泡在1:1000的柠檬酸水中备用,煮制前必须将备用生莲藕瓣从柠檬酸水中捞出,再次用清水清洗。
优选地,步骤(2)中还加入占生莲藕重量25%的冰糖和15%的食用油。冰糖性温,养阴生津,润肺止咳,且冰糖相对于白砂糖口感更加醇和。
优选地,步骤(3)中成品莲藕沙的水分控制在15%-20%,煮制时间为30-40分钟。
优选地,步骤(3)具体为:准确称量占生莲藕总重20%的食用油,先将10%的食用油加入所述莲藕汤汁,莲藕汤汁占生莲藕总重的50-60%,进行搅拌,再加入所述莲藕沙半成品,不停搅拌,当莲藕沙开始变黏稠时分三次将剩下的食用油加入,最后加入占莲藕沙半成品总重0.01-0.15%的乳化剂,煮制成固态即可。
优选地,将白砂糖研磨成100目的糖粉;食用油为玉米油。
优选地,步骤(3)的温度控制在90-100℃,分次加入食用油和/或白砂糖的时间间隔为5分钟。
优选地,步骤(4)中在120℃的水蒸气中杀菌50分钟。
分三次添加食用油和白砂糖粉,是为了食用油和白砂糖粉完全融入莲藕馅料中,有利于莲藕陷料中水的蒸发。否则,莲藕馅料容易发糊,不利于水分挥发,会延长莲藕馅料煮制时间。
本发明采用特定的工艺流程,最大可能的保留了莲藕的营养成分,具有浓郁的莲藕清香;无需加入过多的添加剂,使得莲藕沙具有较高的粘性,不松散,用途广泛,可以用于烘焙面点,制作汤圆;保质期长,不易变质,较现有技术中的产品保质期延长30%以上。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
实施例1
一种莲藕沙的制备方法,由下述步骤组成:
(1)备料:
莲藕:选购当年农历九月份以后至来年农历三月份以前新鲜莲藕。将新鲜莲藕去皮,去节,清洗干净并竖切四瓣。为了防止莲藕瓣氧化变色,影响莲藕陷料色泽,将去皮去节清洗干净的新鲜莲藕瓣,浸泡在1:1000的柠檬酸水中备用。为了保持莲藕清香和口感,煮制前必须将备用生莲藕瓣从柠檬酸水中捞出,再次用清水清洗。如不使用柠檬酸水浸泡,清洗干净新鲜莲藕瓣必须在1小时内下锅煮制。
白砂糖:选购符合国标一级白砂糖,为了将白砂糖更好的溶于莲藕陷料中,用100目粉碎机将白砂糖粉碎成糖粉备用。
冰糖:选购符合国标一级大块冰糖。
食用油:选购符合国标的玉米油。菜籽油、大豆油、色拉油由于油味重,会盖掉莲藕应有的清香,不能使用。
乳化剂:符合国标GB2760的规定,优选混合乳化剂。
(2)蒸煮
将预处理的莲藕瓣送入高温高压蒸煮锅中进行蒸煮,水面高出莲藕5cm,温度控制在120℃,时间为50分钟,然后冷却至室温,备用;蒸煮容器中莲藕汤汁倒入不锈钢桶中冷却备用;
(3)研磨:
将蒸煮后的莲藕送入研磨机进行研磨,研磨的粒径控制在100目,得到莲藕沙半成品;莲藕半成品的体表温度过高不便于操作,过冷不便于制陷。蒸煮锅中莲藕汤汁倒入不锈钢桶中冷却备用。
(4)制沙
准确称量占生莲藕总重30%的白砂糖和占生莲藕总重35%的食用油,先将三分之一的食用油与一半比例白砂糖混合均匀,加入占生莲藕总重50%的莲藕汤汁,进行搅拌,再加入所述莲藕沙半成品,不停搅拌,当莲藕沙开始变黏稠时分三次将剩下的油和白砂糖。最后加入占莲藕沙半成品总重0.05%的乳化剂,煮制成固态即可;
(5)包装、灭菌
将步骤(3)得到的莲藕沙进行冷却,装入蒸煮袋中,抽真空包装,将包装好莲藕陷料放入杀菌车中,在120℃的水蒸气中杀菌50分钟。
该实施例制备得到的莲藕沙可用于制备汤圆的馅料。
产品的检测结果参见表1。
实施例2
一种莲藕沙的制备方法,步骤(1)和步骤(5)与实施例1相同,不同之处在于:
(2)蒸煮
将清洗干净备用生莲藕瓣投放到高温高压蒸煮锅中。在高温高压蒸煮锅中加入生莲藕瓣重量25%的大块冰糖和生莲藕瓣重量15%的玉米油。水面高于莲藕瓣5公分,高温高压蒸煮锅温度设定120℃。蒸煮锅温度达到120℃,保持蒸煮50分钟
(3)研磨:
将蒸煮后的莲藕送入研磨机进行研磨,研磨的粒径控制在80目,得到莲藕沙半成品;
(4)制沙
先于容器中加入10%玉米油,后加入莲藕汤汁,进行搅拌,再加入莲藕陷料,进行不停搅拌,当莲藕陷料开始黏稠时分三次将剩下的油加入煮制。成品莲藕陷料水分控制在15%--20%。煮制时间为20—30分钟。玉米油的添加量占生莲藕总重的20%,乳化剂的添加量占莲藕沙半成品总重的0.05%。
该实施例制备得到的莲藕沙可用于烘焙西点的馅料。
产品的检测结果参见表1。
对比例1
本对比例提供的一种藕蓉,包括按照以下份数配比的原料:莲藕100份;鸡蛋2份;醋1份;糖粉2份;食用油10份;山药1份;食盐1份;大米5份;水100份。
具体步骤如下:
S1、原料预处理:先准备一盆淡白醋水,然后将新鲜莲藕清洗后,去皮,切段,把莲藕切开以后,将其泡在淡白醋水中,浸泡2分钟;然后将大米清洗放入水中浸泡1小时备用;将山药去皮,清洗;
S2、煮制:准备一定比例的水,然后在水中加入盐和浸泡后的莲藕段煮制2-4小时,大米煮制5分钟;将山药煮熟,压成泥,待用;
S3、打浆:将煮过的莲藕切成丁,用原汁机加水打浆;大米也打浆;
S4、将藕浆、大米浆、糖粉、水混合调配,待用;
S5、在平底锅中倒入食用油,待温度加热到150℃后,投入步骤S4的浆料,炒制5分钟,待水慢慢蒸发,待水分蒸发大半后,降低温度至100℃继续炒制5分钟,促进油脂的吸收;
S6、将步骤S5炒制的藕蓉半成品冷却至20℃时,加入山药泥、鸡蛋,无火在锅内炒制使其完成混合变成藕蓉成品;
S7、将步骤S6获得的藕蓉进行包装并压缩,然后放入冷库进行冷藏。
产品检测结果参见表1。
试验方法:
对于总多酚的定量,在莲藕沙中加入盐酸性甲醇溶液,充分连续混合,边加温边提取。过滤提取液,再将残渣同样地进行2次提取。合并3次滤液,浓缩提取液至一定量后,作为检测液。根据J.Biol.Chem.,22,305(1915)记载的Folin-Denis法,对该检测液进行定量。以没食子酸为标准物质。
取莲藕沙样品于一圆柱形不锈钢模具中,制成高2cm,直径3cm的圆柱形状,采用TA-XT2i型质地分析仪TPA模式测定样品中的硬度、黏着性,每种莲藕沙样品平行测5次。试验参数设置为:测试前速度:2.00mm/s;测试速度:1.00mm/s;测试后速度:2.00mm/s;距离:75%;两次压缩时间间隔5s,距离触发力:0.20N;探头型号SMSP/50。
表1样品物性指标测定数据
可见,本申请相对于现有技术中制备的莲藕沙味道更佳甘甜醇厚,产品保质时间长,更佳易于成团,不分散,适用于制备多种食品,口感更佳。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请的保护范围,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,由下述步骤组成:
(1)蒸煮:
将预处理的莲藕送入蒸煮容器中进行蒸煮,水面高出莲藕5-8cm,温度控制在110-120℃,时间为50分钟至2小时,然后冷却至室温,备用;蒸煮容器中莲藕汤汁倒入不锈钢桶中冷却备用;
(2)研磨:
将蒸煮后的莲藕送入研磨机进行研磨,研磨的粒径控制在80-100目之间,得到莲藕沙半成品;
(3)制沙
准确称量占生莲藕总重30%的白砂糖和占生莲藕总重35%的食用油,先将三分之一的食用油与一半比例白砂糖混合均匀,加入占生莲藕总重50-60%的莲藕汤汁,进行搅拌,再加入所述莲藕沙半成品,不停搅拌,当莲藕沙开始变黏稠时分三次将剩下的油和白砂糖。最后加入占莲藕沙半成品总重0.01-0.15%的乳化剂,煮制成固态即可;
(4)包装、灭菌
将步骤(3)得到的莲藕沙进行冷却,装入蒸煮袋中,抽真空包装,然后进行高温灭菌。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,选用当年农历九月份以后至来年农历三月份以前的新鲜莲藕;将莲藕去皮,去节,清洗干净。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,将清洗后的莲藕浸泡在1:1000的柠檬酸水中备用,煮制前必须将备用生莲藕瓣从柠檬酸水中捞出,再次用清水清洗。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中还加入占生莲藕重量25%的冰糖和15%的食用油。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中成品莲藕沙的水分控制在15%-20%,煮制时间为30-40分钟。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)具体为:准确称量占生莲藕总重20%的食用油,先将10%的食用油加入所述莲藕汤汁,莲藕汤汁占生莲藕总重的50-60%,进行搅拌,再加入所述莲藕沙半成品,不停搅拌,当莲藕沙开始变黏稠时分三次将剩下的食用油加入,最后加入占莲藕沙半成品总重0.01-0.15%的乳化剂,煮制成固态即可。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,将白砂糖研磨成100目的糖粉;食用油为玉米油。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)的温度控制在90-100℃。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中分次加入食用油和/或白砂糖的时间间隔为5分钟。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种莲藕沙的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中在120℃的水蒸气中杀菌50分钟。
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