CN111477018B - 在多车道道路上构成紧急通道的方法和车辆 - Google Patents

在多车道道路上构成紧急通道的方法和车辆 Download PDF

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CN111477018B
CN111477018B CN202010029783.1A CN202010029783A CN111477018B CN 111477018 B CN111477018 B CN 111477018B CN 202010029783 A CN202010029783 A CN 202010029783A CN 111477018 B CN111477018 B CN 111477018B
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M.本内曼
R.J.维施卡
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于在多车道道路上构成紧急通道的方法以及一种具有用于实施该方法的设备的车辆，在多车道道路上具有处于至少两个平行车道上的多部车辆和至少一部作业车辆，其中作业车辆能通过无线通信连接与多部车辆相连以进行数据交换，并由此要求车辆构成紧急通道。为了提供能够可靠地构成紧急通道并且实现作业车辆的迅速穿行的方法和设备而规定，车辆具有确定该车辆相对于平行车道上的车辆距离的距离传感器和评估单元，该评估单元确定是否配置了具有足够的车道宽度的紧急通道，并且该车辆为了标记紧急通道而具有显示设备，该显示设备能够在存在具有足够的车道宽度的紧急通道的情况下发出第一信号，并且在紧急通道堵塞的情况下发出第二信号。

Description

在多车道道路上构成紧急通道的方法和车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于在多车道道路上构成紧急通道的方法，在所述多车道道路上具有处于至少两个平行车道上的多部车辆和至少一部作业车辆，其中，所述作业车辆能够通过无线通信连接与所述多部车辆相连，以进行数据交换，并且由此要求所述车辆来构成紧急通道。
本发明还涉及一种具有用于实施所述方法的设备的车辆。
背景技术
上述类型的方法和设备由针对先进交通系统的当前研究和开发项目已知，其中，车辆和/或交通控制的基础设施元件、例如交通标志或信号灯设备通过无线通信连接相互连接。例如在文献DE 10 2012 002 563 A1已知一种带有告警数据信息系统的机动车，该机动车包括显示元件，利用所述显示元件例如在发生前方拥堵的情况下可以通过告警信号向后续交通发出警报。
类似的显示设备在文献US 2006/026162 A1、US 2017/0232908 A1和WO 2010/037766 A1已知，所述显示设备出于广告目的能够被车辆外部的交通参与者使用和感知。
尤其在由于事故导致的拥堵情况下显示出，现有的方法和设备不足以可靠地构成紧急通道，并且不足以确保作业车辆迅速地穿行所述紧急通道，因为对车辆就前方拥堵的提示通常仍不足以促使车辆的驾驶员构成紧急通道。此外，作业车辆的驾驶员在本就已经忙碌的、带着警灯和警笛的作业行驶过程中不能始终精确地判断，是否足以无碰撞地穿行通过已经构成的紧急通道。
发明内容
因此本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种方法和一种用于实施所述方法的设备，所述方法和设备能够可靠地构成紧急通道并且能够使得作业车辆迅速通过。
所述技术问题通过根据本发明的方法和根据本发明的车辆来解决。根据本发明规定，
a)车辆具有距离传感器，所述距离传感器确定车辆相对于平行车道上的车辆的距离，和
b)评估单元确定是否配置了具有足够的车道宽度的紧急通道，并且
c)车辆为了标记紧急通道而分别具有显示设备，所述显示设备在存在具有足够的车道宽度的紧急通道的情况下发出第一信号，并且在紧急通道堵塞的情况下发出第二信号。
由此，直接向作业车辆的驾驶员显示，前方的紧急通道是否构成了具有足够的车道宽度并且是否能够相对迅速地穿行通过紧急通道直至作业地点。
本发明的优选的实施形式在下文给出。
根据优选的第一实施方式规定，车辆的显示设备包括显示器和/或光带，并且优选布置在车辆的车身侧向。通过所述显示器或光带能够显示用于标记和示出紧急通道的第一信号和用于示出堵塞的紧急通道的第二信号，从而使得作业车辆的驾驶员能够在行驶过程中直接获取所示信息，而不必将视线从道路偏转开。在此第一信号与第二信号例如以显示器和/或光带发光的颜色相区别。例如可以考虑蓝色的第一信号和红色的第二信号。在本发明的一种优选的设计方式中，显示设备还可以具有用于发出声学信号的扬声器。
作为备选和/或补充，根据本发明的优选的设计方式规定，车辆的显示设备包括投影装置，所述投影装置
a)将所配置的紧急通道的侧向边界投影在多车道道路的表面上，和/或
b)通过符号在多车道道路的表面上的投影示出堵塞的紧急通道。
紧急通道的侧向边界的投影尤其在迅速穿行和/或不利的视线情况的情况下是有利的，因为能够直接向作业车辆的驾驶员显示，在哪个区域能够实现作业车辆的安全且无碰撞的穿行。而且紧急通道的堵塞作为在道路表面上的投影也能够较之在车辆车身上的单独显示更好地识别。
为了不仅仅使车辆的驾驶员获知有关充分配置的紧急通道的信息，根据本发明的有利的设计方式规定，车辆的显示设备具有显示元件，所述显示元件布置在车辆的内部，并且所述显示元件向车辆驾驶员提供配置的或堵塞的紧急通道的信息。在车辆自身就导致紧急通道的堵塞的情况下，车辆驾驶员可以直接检查在车辆的左侧或右侧是否存在避让空间，从而允许紧急通道被迅速开放。
原则上并不预先指定车辆相互之间或所述车辆与作业车辆之间的无线通信连接的具体设计方式(其优选设计为车对x通信、尤其是车对车通信)，并且包括所有无线通信途径，尤其是WIFI、英特网等。
上述显示设备不仅配置用于构成并标记紧急通道，而且还为其他秩序维护力量提供选项，例如向外部显示违反交通规则行为的提示等。例如在违反法规时可以由警察标记车辆，这可以通过合适的符号被其他交通参与者看到。而且超出允许停车时间或例如不允许地穿过环境区也被自动显示在显示设备上。
附图说明
下面根据附图说明本发明的具体实施形式。在附图中：
图1示出了根据现有技术的紧急通道的构成，
图2a、图2b示出了紧急通道的构成，和
图3示出了带有用于构成紧急通道的设备的车辆。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于在多车道道路2上构成紧急通道1的一般流程，在所述多车道道路上具有多部车辆3并且仅以较低速度沿行驶方向4前行，并且作业车辆5必须穿行通过所述紧急通道1。通常，作业车辆5具有信号装置、例如警灯和警笛(具体未示出)，从而要求前方车辆3构成紧急通道1并且向右或向左避让，由此形成具有足够车道宽度A的紧急通道1。前方车辆3的驾驶员的反应时间在大多数情况下相对较少，因此作业车辆5仅能以相对较低的速度在紧急通道内部前行，这以不利方式拖延了作业地点的抵达。
图2a、图2b示出了通过车辆3’和作业车辆5’对紧急通道1的构成，所述车辆和作业车辆配置用于实施根据本发明的方法并且通过无线通信连接相互连接，从而进行数据交换。通过无线连接提前要求前方车辆3’构成紧急通道1。在此，在车辆3’内部设置有距离传感器6和评估单元7，所述距离传感器和评估单元检查所构成的紧急通道1的车道宽度A。如果检查结果表明具有足够的车道宽度A，则借助显示设备8通过第一信号告知相关信息。否则，显示设备8示出第二信号，所述第二信号示出并告知堵塞的紧急通道1。这两个信号向作业车辆5’的驾驶员证实，有关构成紧急通道1的要求已经被接收。
在所示实施例中，显示设备8主要包括显示器9，所述显示器布置在车辆车身的外侧上并且配置用于至少显示第一信号和第二信号。此外，分别布置有投影装置10，所述投影装置通过在车道表面上投影不同的符号11、11’来告知畅通的和/或堵塞的紧急通道1。图2a分别示出作为第一符号11的箭头，所述箭头相当于已构成的紧急通道1的外部边界，作业车辆5’能够在所述紧急通道内部无碰撞地行进。图2b在隘口处示出第二符号11’，例如由事故导致的残骸12、12’在所述隘口处妨碍构成足够宽的紧急通道1，所述第二符号显示或示出堵塞的紧急通道。
图3示出了车辆3’，所述车辆配置用于实施上述方法，并且包括带有显示器9、光带13和投影装置10的显示设备8。
附图标记列表
1 紧急通道
2 多车道道路
3、3’ 车辆
4 行驶方向
5、5’ 作业车辆
6 距离传感器
7 评估单元
8 显示设备
9 显示器
10 投影装置
11、11’ 符号
12、12’ 残骸
13 光带
A 紧急通道的车道宽度

Claims (12)

1.一种用于在多车道道路(2)上构成紧急通道(1)的方法，在所述多车道道路上具有处于至少两个平行车道上的多部车辆(3’)和至少一部作业车辆(5’)，其中，所述作业车辆(5’)能够通过无线通信连接与多部车辆(3’)相连，以进行数据交换，并且由此要求所述车辆(3’)构成紧急通道(1)，
其特征在于，
a)所述车辆(3')具有距离传感器(6)，所述距离传感器确定所述车辆(3’)相对于平行车道上的车辆(3’)的距离，和
b)评估单元(7)确定是否配置了具有足够的车道宽度(A)的紧急通道(1)，并且
c)车辆(3’)为了标记紧急通道(1)而分别具有显示设备(8)，所述显示设备在存在具有足够的车道宽度(A)的紧急通道(1)的情况下发出第一信号，并且在紧急通道(1)堵塞的情况下发出第二信号。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车辆(3’)的显示设备(8)包括显示器(9)和/或光带(13)并且从侧向布置在车辆(3’)的车身上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车辆(3’)的显示设备(8)包括投影装置(10)，所述投影装置
a)将所配置的紧急通道(1)的侧向边界投影在多车道道路(2)的表面上，和/或
b)通过符号(11’)在多车道道路(2)的表面上的投影示出堵塞的紧急通道(1)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车辆(3’)的显示设备(8)具有显示元件，所述显示元件布置在所述车辆的内部并且所述显示元件向车辆驾驶员提供已配置的或堵塞的紧急通道(1)的信息。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线通信连接构造为车对x通信。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车对x通信是车对车通信。
7.一种车辆，其具有用于在多车道道路(2)上构成紧急通道(1)的设备，在所述多车道道路上具有处于至少两个平行车道上的多部车辆(3’)和至少一部作业车辆(5’)，其中，所述作业车辆(5’)能够通过无线通信连接与多部车辆(3’)相连，以进行数据交换，并且由此要求所述车辆(3’)构成紧急通道(1)，
其特征在于，
a)所述车辆具有距离传感器(6)，利用所述距离传感器能够确定所述车辆(3’)相对于平行车道上的车辆(3’)的距离，和
b)所述车辆具有评估单元(7)，利用所述评估单元确定是否配置了具有足够的车道宽度(A)的紧急通道(1)，并且
c)所述车辆具有用于标记紧急通道(1)的显示设备(8)，利用所述显示设备能够在存在具有足够的车道宽度(A)的紧急通道(1)的情况下发出第一信号，并且在紧急通道(1)堵塞的情况下发出第二信号。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述显示设备(8)包括显示器(9)和/或光带(13)并且从侧向布置在车辆(3’)的车身上。
9.根据权利要求7所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆(3’)具有投影装置(10)，所述投影装置配置用于
a)将所配置的紧急通道(1)的侧向边界投影在多车道道路(2)的表面上，和/或
b)通过符号(11’)在多车道道路(2)的表面上的投影示出堵塞的紧急通道(1)。
10.根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆(3’)的显示设备(8)具有显示元件，所述显示元件布置在所述车辆(3’)的内部并且所述显示元件向车辆驾驶员提供已配置的和/或堵塞的紧急通道(1)的信息。
11.根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述无线通信连接构造为车对x通信。
12.根据权利要求11所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述车对x通信是车对车通信。
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